348:
475:
religion. That is, the
Sticker sends a message to those who oppose evolution for religious reasons that they are favored members of the political community, while the Sticker sends a message to those who believe in evolution that they are political outsiders. This is particularly so in a case such as this one involving impressionable public school students who are likely to view the message on the Sticker as a union of church and state.
425:, an autobiographical account of the case. He states, "I did not write the book for money... I got nothing out of it, its been ten years since the case happened. This is about spreading the word for people to have courage enough to stand up, as citizens to protect all of our rights... I'm not against religion, believe what you want to... I'm here to keep the government out of your religion... we are supposed to be a free country."
484:
statement is not entirely accurate. Rather, the first problem with this language is that there has been a lengthy debate between advocates of evolution and proponents of religious theories of origin specifically concerning whether evolution should be taught as a fact or as a theory, and the School Board appears to have sided with the proponents of religious theories of origin in violation of the
Establishment Clause.
524:
in favor of the plaintiffs. Cobb County school officials will not order the placement of "any stickers, labels, stamps, inscriptions, or other warnings or disclaimers bearing language substantially similar to that used on the sticker that is the subject of this action" and would not undermine science
202:
which found that they could not assess the lower court case due to gaps and rampant confusion about the evidence apparent in the case record, thus preventing proper appellate review of the constitutional issues. The original decision, in May 2006, was remanded back to the lower district court for new
330:
sent school board members written materials and an offer of assistance in drafting the language to put in the sticker, although no evidence was ever shown officials accepted this offer. Following adoption of the sticker, organizations, churches, academics and others from around the country contacted
321:
The school board also adopted policy changes emphasizing its aim to "foster critical thinking among the students, to allow academic freedom consistent with legal requirements, to promote tolerance and acceptance of diversity of opinion, and to ensure a posture of neutrality to religion." It was not
540:
responded, "It's definitely a victory for humanism and censorship, but it is not a victory for science or for parents or their children who are being told they cannot question or challenge evolution in the classroom.". The
Discovery Institute issued an official opinion that an "incompetent defense
334:
Parent
Jeffrey Selman brought action against the school district for imposing the sticker on August 21, 2002, before any revisions to the 1995 policy were adopted. The plaintiff claimed the sticker unduly restricted the teaching of evolution by imposing separate standards from all other scientific
290:
This policy did not explicitly refer to the teaching of evolution by name—only the origin of the human species. Although
Georgia state law mandated evolution be taught in its public schools, it was common in Cobb County School District that all the pages where evolution was discussed were removed
233:
is defined and used in the field of science and how the term is used colloquially to signify "conjecture", "speculation" or "opinion". The teaching of both creationism and intelligent design in state schools in the USA have been challenged in court and found to be a violation of the
Establishment
474:
he effects prong asks whether the statement at issue in fact conveys a message of endorsement or disapproval of religion to an informed, reasonable observer...In this case, the Court believes that an informed, reasonable observer would interpret the
Sticker to convey a message of endorsement of
400:
podcast that he felt strongly that in science class you are supposed to teach the science, "Whether or not you believe in it or understand it, is irrelevant. That's the topic so you should be taught the topic. ... You aren't going to teach French in a
Russian class, the kids are there to learn
501:
vacated the judgment and remanded the case back to the trial court to resolve gaps in the evidence record, most notably evidence regarding the communications delivered to school officials prior to the district's adoption of the textbook sticker. The court agreed to a new trial. The plaintiffs
483:
The critical language ... is the statement that "volution is a theory, not a fact, concerning the origin of living things." This statement is not problematic because of its truth or falsity, although testimony from various witnesses at trial and the amicus brief submitted ... suggest that the
294:
In 2001 the Cobb County School
District began the process of adopting new science textbooks. The adoption process led to a legal review, and later revision, of the previous policy and regulation on theories of human origin. When parents became aware that the proposed new textbook (written by
265:
Beginning in 1976 the Cobb County School
District had policies in place requiring that their instructional program consider and accommodate for religious objections held by many of its residents to the science of human evolution. By 1995 the policy was expanded to list five requirements:
416:. The publisher responded by blanking out the pages of their textbook that had chapters concerning these subjects. The publisher left the page numbers on these blank pages, and the index and table of contents still listed evolution and the Big Bang, but the pages concerned were blank.
2453:
325:
The textbook and policy changes had become a public event, but despite engendering much input from parents and other concerned citizens in the community, no attempt was made to solicit expert scientific opinion in coming to a decision. Intelligent design activists from the
1885:
303:, a petition against the move was organized and signed by 2,300 parents. In an attempt to defuse this protest, the decision was made to attach a sticker containing a statement written by the school district's legal counsel to each new textbook. The sticker read,
1928:
1538:
1351:
4743:
159:
textbooks. The sticker was a disclaimer stating that "Evolution is a theory, not a fact, concerning the origin of living things." The plaintiffs were parents of children in Cobb County schools who claimed the sticker violated both the
2339:
5065:
338:
Changes were made to the 1995 policy shortly after and again in 2003 with new provisions stating evolution would be taught in science classes and not religion. Four other parents were added as plaintiffs in January 2004.
307:
This textbook contains material on evolution. Evolution is a theory, not a fact, regarding the origin of living things. This material should be approached with an open mind, studied carefully, and critically considered.
6794:
3379:
2513:
4115:
3885:
6671:
6527:
5041:
5009:
4945:
3990:
2062:
1586:
488:
The judge entered a permanent injunction against the sticker and ordered it removed from the textbooks. The school district motioned for a stay pending an appeal but were denied, and the stickers were removed.
469:
The judge merged the second and third prongs of the Lemon test to judge the actions taken by the school district under a single "effect" prong, and here judged those actions as failing to meet the standard set:
2259:
3228:
381:, about anti-evolution stickers in the new science textbooks in Cobb Public Schools, and first contacted the school board about his concerns. After feeling ignored by the school board, Selman contacted the
4913:
2489:
5057:
5233:
4671:
4655:
4508:
4500:
3998:
1778:
5488:
2203:
4583:
3575:
5049:
3982:
1901:
6089:
4440:
4006:
1570:
433:
In the trial held to determine whether the sticker applied to the science textbooks was unconstitutional, the court examined the facts of the case against the three-prong test set forth in
6809:
4163:
2866:
2347:
392:
Selman states that he was very upset when he read about what the Cobb County school board had done with the warning stickers on the science textbooks. He told interviewer Josh Zepps on
4279:
4271:
498:
199:
52:
5033:
4860:
4310:
2701:
570:
6121:
5408:
5392:
5289:
3567:
1944:
1618:
1250:
6711:
6113:
5571:
5001:
2533:
1786:
4953:
4591:
4239:
1041:
517:
386:
4772:
4639:
4432:
3950:
3172:
2408:
2331:
1626:
6743:
6610:
5344:
5129:
4415:
3795:
1266:
1191:
375:
where he resides as of 2015. Selman served on the Georgia State Public School curriculum committee in 1996. He read an article in the Atlanta weekly alternative paper,
4484:
4214:
1727:
1298:
3543:
6390:
6145:
5496:
2461:
704:
1861:
5723:
3651:
1319:
4905:
4179:
1578:
616:
3140:
6430:
6346:
6028:
5595:
4371:
3755:
3442:
3252:
457:
In the resulting court decision the judge found that the action taken in Cobb County School District met the legal standard established in the first prong:
401:
Russian, not French. they were defining a definition that evolution was a theory and not a fact, and that is outside even the meaning in a science class."
6239:
5777:
5630:
5137:
5097:
3260:
2355:
1751:
1743:
161:
42:
6834:
5225:
4961:
4334:
4131:
3204:
3188:
3180:
1242:
759:
563:
4139:
3196:
6819:
6814:
5932:
5834:
5328:
5185:
4852:
4255:
4083:
3731:
3092:
3060:
2416:
2251:
1634:
1466:
720:
3787:
2956:
1936:
1802:
1450:
1182:
728:
504:
242:
5177:
1530:
281:
Elective course work must be available to students to investigate alternatives to the origin of the human species in science, including creationism
6804:
6618:
6212:
5480:
5400:
5265:
5105:
3958:
3901:
3156:
6751:
5249:
6204:
1037:
6799:
6643:
5691:
5416:
5384:
5368:
4876:
4476:
4424:
4403:
3942:
3164:
2587:
2131:
6247:
5579:
5309:
4623:
4492:
3840:
3124:
2275:
1794:
1335:
1057:
927:
880:
556:
526:
5241:
6594:
5456:
5440:
4703:
4532:
4460:
2606:
2379:
1818:
1759:
688:
672:
173:
3909:
2307:
1418:
6543:
6292:
5908:
5161:
4059:
3974:
3917:
3387:
2497:
1971:
1687:
1016:
961:
696:
331:
school officials congratulating them for opening the classroom to "the teaching and discussion of creationism and intelligent design".
6161:
5658:
4099:
3338:
2445:
1987:
1877:
1343:
712:
5169:
4107:
1845:
940:
Whitt, Richard (December 19, 2005). "Patriotic or pesky, he won't be silent Man who fought evolution stickers isn't easily labeled".
6695:
4735:
4647:
4263:
4091:
3604:
3305:
3116:
2791:
2480:
5924:
4599:
2315:
2054:
1490:
6511:
6495:
6180:
5360:
5153:
4468:
3715:
3220:
2030:
1506:
443:, as it is commonly referred, a government-sponsored message violates the Establishment Clause if it fails any of the following:
404:
A few years before Selman became aware of the warning stickers, he learned that the Cobb County School board, upon pressure from
246:). Those cases followed an earlier constitutional court ruling against religiously based bans against the teaching of evolution (
3739:
1124:
385:. At the time his son was attending elementary school in the Cobb school system. After the trial he became the President of the
6719:
6503:
6153:
5742:
5209:
5201:
5081:
4868:
4551:
4379:
4155:
3268:
3084:
2996:
2637:
6036:
6767:
6081:
6073:
6004:
5975:
5352:
4929:
4804:
4679:
3108:
2834:
2767:
2371:
1663:
1359:
530:
169:
5376:
5121:
4075:
3482:
3132:
2299:
6586:
5336:
4985:
3893:
6535:
5512:
5017:
4969:
4812:
4695:
4395:
4302:
3519:
3346:
1554:
1402:
1274:
5089:
5073:
1327:
465:... ...to reduce offense to those students and parents whose personal beliefs might conflict with teaching on evolution.
6414:
5900:
5555:
5193:
4844:
4206:
4123:
3723:
3620:
3511:
3474:
2753:
2323:
1175:
216:
4828:
1869:
408:
parents, had contacted the school's textbook publisher regarding concerns of teaching elementary school students about
347:
6655:
6301:
6137:
6097:
4342:
3771:
3667:
3012:
2939:
2826:
2775:
2267:
1810:
461:
the court found that the School Board sought to advance two secular purposes... ...to encourage students to engage in
198:
against schools from disseminating the stickers in the textbooks or any other form. The decision was appealed in the
191:
3418:
4043:
256:
requiring the reading of a prepared statement before any teaching of evolution was also judged as unconstitutional (
6829:
6570:
6487:
6188:
5528:
5257:
4014:
3551:
2874:
2850:
1522:
1394:
1290:
377:
165:
6578:
912:
272:
Curriculum must be organized such that no student is compelled to study the origin of the human species in science
93:
6824:
6687:
6196:
6044:
5892:
5876:
3683:
3236:
3020:
2107:
5145:
6398:
5983:
4921:
4897:
4524:
3869:
3848:
3466:
3244:
3028:
2988:
2783:
2758:
2714:
2645:
2592:
2155:
1853:
1610:
1367:
990:
359:. He was strongly influenced by the civil rights era in the 1960s. After receiving a BA in history he joined
5750:
4067:
1100:
924:
817:
275:
No scientific study in the origin of the human species may be taught at the elementary or middle school level
6105:
6065:
4788:
4022:
3747:
3612:
3596:
3559:
3410:
3313:
2919:
2818:
2734:
2693:
2661:
2630:
2147:
2123:
1168:
1142:
777:
521:
278:
There may be no course requirement for the origin of the human species in science for high school graduation
204:
187:
74:
5769:
858:
6371:
6020:
5472:
4445:
3643:
3535:
2948:
2927:
2903:
2709:
2187:
1442:
754:
648:
502:
utilized the same attorneys, Eric Rothschild and Richard Katskee of Pepper Hamilton, who had prevailed in
184:
5801:
6602:
5860:
5675:
5622:
4751:
2964:
2677:
2653:
2436:
2291:
1482:
1069:
1053:
787:
322:
its intention, the policy continued, to restrict the teaching of evolution, nor to promote creationism.
258:
121:
6663:
6562:
6338:
5916:
5113:
2542:
2038:
1498:
41:
1514:
548:
5424:
4836:
4780:
4663:
4051:
3877:
3675:
3659:
3434:
3358:
3076:
3044:
2171:
2095:
1719:
1695:
1434:
1205:
764:
664:
624:
608:
372:
248:
236:
177:
152:
1474:
1458:
1133:
6309:
6280:
6220:
5715:
5217:
4937:
4631:
4615:
4559:
3811:
3707:
3426:
2980:
2972:
2858:
2729:
1963:
1893:
1375:
640:
327:
5025:
1150:
6519:
6449:
6330:
6255:
6012:
5967:
5940:
5699:
5646:
5520:
5448:
4993:
4516:
4387:
3699:
3450:
3362:
3289:
3100:
3052:
3036:
3004:
2842:
2669:
2558:
2235:
2219:
2211:
2195:
2006:
1979:
1711:
1594:
1258:
1088:
656:
583:
537:
393:
226:
113:
194:, finding the stickers violated both the U.S. and Georgia constitutions. He ordered a permanent
6727:
6129:
5868:
5504:
5281:
4888:
4715:
4567:
4326:
4291:
3966:
3832:
3779:
3763:
3490:
3212:
3148:
3068:
2911:
2809:
2046:
1671:
1602:
1562:
1426:
1234:
1226:
876:
770:
462:
440:
435:
296:
284:
These electives must be identified in course selection guides provided to students and parents
6703:
6406:
5785:
5667:
5614:
5563:
5547:
5432:
5320:
4796:
4607:
4247:
3933:
3803:
3691:
3458:
2882:
2521:
2505:
2363:
2243:
2179:
2139:
2014:
1546:
1282:
680:
632:
579:
397:
360:
450:
The action must not have the primary effect of either advancing or inhibiting religion; and
363:
which later became AmeriCorps. He became a school teacher in the South Bronx, then later a
6679:
6422:
5948:
5884:
5846:
5707:
5638:
5297:
4820:
4727:
4350:
4187:
4171:
4147:
3399:
3371:
3329:
3297:
2741:
2685:
2424:
2163:
2115:
2070:
2022:
1837:
1703:
1679:
1642:
1155:
364:
356:
1160:
453:
The action must not result in an "excessive entanglement" of the government and religion.
1084:
6735:
5809:
5793:
4687:
4575:
4452:
2803:
2400:
1929:
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1920:
1735:
1539:
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1410:
6788:
3527:
2721:
2550:
117:
17:
180:
regarding evolutionary theory in order to promote religious beliefs in the schools.
6468:
5683:
5464:
5273:
5130:
Ibanez v. Florida Dept. of Business and Professional Regulation, Bd. of Accountancy
4977:
4362:
4318:
3634:
2283:
2227:
782:
601:
299:
and Joseph Levine) and proposed changes to policy would strengthen the teaching of
221:
The statement "evolution is a theory and not a fact" has been used as a tactic by
1038:
Americans United Applauds Settlement Of Georgia Lawsuit Over Evolution Disclaimer
6759:
5587:
2894:
1101:
Incompetent Defense by Cobb County Attorney May Have Caused School District Loss
421:
405:
222:
148:
90:
6056:
5851:
2617:
195:
587:
409:
335:
theories. He also claimed the effective result was to advance creationism.
300:
253:
2622:
962:"Trials and Textbooks: Jeffrey Selman on Fighting Creationism in Schools"
413:
97:
5050:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
3983:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
368:
156:
5098:
Peel v. Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission of Illinois
2514:
Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania
230:
5010:
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission
147:, 449 F.3d 1320 (11th Cir. 2006), was a United States court case in
6672:
Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc.
6528:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
3991:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
5066:
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. U.S. Olympic Committee
346:
5042:
Zauderer v. Off. of Disciplinary Counsel of Supreme Court of Ohio
4946:
Virginia State Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council
3886:
Perry Education Association v. Perry Local Educators' Association
3229:
American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Strickland
5186:
Los Angeles Police Department v. United Reporting Publishing Co.
4853:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
2252:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
1073:
541:
by Cobb County attorney may have caused school district loss."
382:
71:
6641:
6369:
6278:
5832:
4116:
Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth
3999:
Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic & Institutional Rights, Inc.
2585:
2093:
1203:
1164:
1017:"Jeffrey Selman: Recording of Talk in Augusta, August 16, 2015"
552:
5234:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4744:
U.S. Civil Service Comm'n v. National Ass'n of Letter Carriers
4672:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4656:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
4509:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4501:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
1451:
Levitt v. Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty
203:
evidentiary inquiry and factfindings. The case was ultimately
6795:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit cases
5178:
Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Assn., Inc. v. United States
2204:
Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Massachusetts, Inc.
1531:
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan
1070:
Georgia School Board Drops Defense of Anti-Evolution Stickers
229:
advocates, causing confusion over the difference between how
6619:
Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party
4914:
Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Comm'n on Human Relations
3902:
International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee
3576:
City of Austin v. Reagan National Advertising of Austin, LLC
873:
Marketing Intelligent Design: Law and the Creationist Agenda
6752:
BE and K Construction Co. v. National Labor Relations Board
5250:
Jerman v. Carlisle, McNellie, Rini, Kramer & Ulrich LPA
5058:
Posadas de Puerto Rico Assoc. v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico
1902:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan v. Acevedo Feliciano
6205:
Denver Area Ed. Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. FCC
5489:
Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett
4007:
National Institute of Family and Life Advocates v. Becerra
2490:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
2063:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1587:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1571:
Witters v. Washington Department of Services for the Blind
525:
education in the future. The decision was hailed by the
2348:
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission
1779:
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School Dist.
176:
because its purpose and effect was to cast doubt on the
6090:
Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Ass'n, Inc. v. Bresler
499:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
53:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
6122:
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc.
5242:
Milavetz, Gallop & Milavetz, P.A. v. United States
5034:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
4861:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
1019:. American's United for Separation of Church and State
5409:
FEC v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee
5393:
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC
5290:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
3568:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
1787:
Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board v. Pinette
1251:
County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union
6712:
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
6114:
Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc.
3910:
Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes
2702:
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Bd.
2308:
Frazee v. Illinois Department of Employment Security
6554:
6479:
6460:
6441:
6382:
6320:
6291:
6231:
6172:
6055:
5994:
5959:
5845:
5761:
5734:
5657:
5606:
5539:
5308:
4887:
4762:
4714:
4584:
Mt. Healthy City School Dist. Board of Ed. v. Doyle
4543:
4414:
4361:
4290:
4280:
USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International II
4240:
Regan v. Taxation with Representation of Washington
4229:
4198:
4033:
3932:
3859:
3822:
3631:
3586:
3501:
3398:
3357:
3328:
3279:
2938:
2893:
2802:
2752:
2616:
2605:
2532:
2479:
2472:
2435:
2390:
1998:
1955:
1912:
1829:
1770:
1653:
1419:
Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No. 1 v. Allen
1386:
1309:
1216:
1120:, 449 F.3d 1320 (11th Cir. 2006) is available from:
1042:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
747:
594:
518:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
387:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
190:decided in favor of the plaintiffs and against the
132:
127:
109:
104:
85:
80:
66:
58:
48:
34:
4640:United States v. National Treasury Employees Union
4433:West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
4311:Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans
4272:USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International I
3173:United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc.
2332:Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
1972:Two Guys from Harrison-Allentown, Inc. v. McGinley
697:Hellend v. South Bend Community School Corporation
447:The action must have a legitimate secular purpose;
355:Jeffrey Selman was born in 1946 and raised in the
183:Trial was held in November 2004. In January 2005,
6744:Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation
6611:New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres
5572:Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee
5345:Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley
3796:Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York
3544:Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Crime Victims Board
1267:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
848:
846:
844:
842:
840:
838:
479:In support of this conclusion, the judge writes:
367:programmer and traveled until he met his wife in
6810:United States creationism and evolution case law
4441:Tinker v. Des Moines Ind. Community School Dist.
4215:Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight
3380:Board of Airport Commissioners v. Jews for Jesus
1886:Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich
1299:American Legion v. American Humanist Association
713:Edwards v. California University of Pennsylvania
6391:Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
6146:Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton
5497:American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock
5170:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
4954:Linmark Assoc., Inc. v. Township of Willingboro
4108:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
2462:Our Lady of Guadalupe School v. Morrissey-Berru
1846:Gonzalez v. Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila
705:Freiler v. Tangipahoa Parish Board of Education
305:
5724:National Rifle Association of America v. Vullo
4773:Mutual Film Corp. v. Industrial Comm'n of Ohio
4180:Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association
1579:Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District
1176:
617:Wright v. Houston Independent School District
564:
8:
6431:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
6347:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
6029:Minneapolis Star Tribune Co. v. Commissioner
5596:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
4600:Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local
3951:West Virginia State Board of Ed. v. Barnette
3756:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
3443:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
2316:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
2055:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1491:Public Funds for Public Schools v. Marburger
991:"Podcast 230 – Jeffrey Selman (God Sent Me)"
155:involving a sticker placed in public school
6240:Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.
5631:Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck
5138:Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp.
4592:Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist.
2356:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo
1945:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1619:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1507:Roemer v. Board of Public Works of Maryland
1085:Cobb county textbook stickers gone for good
6638:
6379:
6366:
6288:
6275:
5842:
5829:
4962:Carey v. Population Services International
4648:Board of Comm'rs, Wabaunsee Cty. v. Umbehr
4485:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
4335:Houston Community College System v. Wilson
4195:
3740:USPS v. Council of Greenburgh Civic Assns.
3628:
3181:City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc.
3141:American Booksellers Ass'n, Inc. v. Hudnut
2867:Nat'l Socialist Party v. Village of Skokie
2613:
2602:
2582:
2476:
2387:
2090:
1728:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
1320:Walz v. Tax Comm'n of the City of New York
1243:Board of Trustees of Scarsdale v. McCreary
1213:
1200:
1183:
1169:
1161:
944:(Home ed.). Atlanta, GA. p. B.1.
875:. Cambridge University Press. p. 90.
811:
809:
760:Creation and evolution in public education
571:
557:
549:
40:
31:
6720:Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees
5933:Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia
5329:First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
5210:Thompson v. Western States Medical Center
5002:Consol. Edison Co. v. Public Serv. Comm'n
4256:National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley
4156:Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association
4084:Communications Workers of America v. Beck
3093:United States v. 12 200-ft. Reels of Film
3061:United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs
2417:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
2340:Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton
1635:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
1467:Committee for Public Education v. Nyquist
721:LeVake v. Independent School District 656
207:out of court in favor of the plaintiffs.
5778:Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners' Union
2957:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
1937:Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation
1803:Good News Club v. Milford Central School
729:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
505:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
243:Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District
6512:New York Club Ass'n v. City of New York
6213:Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC
5481:Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan
5401:Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC
5353:FEC v. National Right to Work Committee
5266:Expressions Hair Design v. Schneiderman
5106:City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network
4140:Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n
3959:Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo
3197:United States v. American Library Ass'n
3157:United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc.
3109:Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
805:
6248:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
5417:Republican Party of Minnesota v. White
5385:Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
5377:Eu v. S.F. Cty. Democratic Cent. Comm.
5369:FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life
5122:United States v. Edge Broadcasting Co.
4877:Forsyth County v. Nationalist Movement
4477:Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
4425:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
4404:Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb
4372:American Communications Ass'n v. Douds
4076:Chicago Local Teachers Union v. Hudson
3943:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
3253:Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass'n
3133:Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., Inc.
2132:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
1752:Elk Grove Unif. School Dist. v. Newdow
291:from the students' science textbooks.
252:). In 1997 a school policy adopted in
6587:Timmons v. Twin Cities Area New Party
6504:Rotary Int'l v. Rotary Club of Duarte
5337:California Medical Association v. FEC
4986:Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Association
4624:Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois
3894:Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense Fund
3788:Madsen v. Women's Health Center, Inc.
3125:Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc.
2276:Bob Jones University v. United States
1336:Bob Jones University v. United States
1118:Selman v. Cobb County School District
1054:A settlement in Selman v. Cobb County
985:
983:
955:
953:
951:
928:National Center for Science Education
908:Selman v. Cobb County School District
854:Selman v. Cobb County School District
737:Selman v. Cobb County School District
527:National Center for Science Education
144:Selman v. Cobb County School District
35:Selman v. Cobb County School District
7:
6595:California Democratic Party v. Jones
6037:Arkansas Writers' Project v. Ragland
5457:FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
5441:Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. FEC
5226:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
4533:Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.
4461:Island Trees School District v. Pico
4132:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
3261:FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc.
1555:School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
925:Cobb County Disclaimer Goes to Trial
689:Peloza v. Capistrano School District
673:Webster v. New Lenox School District
6544:Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
5909:New York Times Co. v. United States
5162:44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island
5090:State University of New York v. Fox
5074:Shapero v. Kentucky Bar Association
4060:Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
3975:Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins
3918:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
3388:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2498:Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
1688:Abington School District v. Schempp
1328:California v. Grace Brethren Church
818:"School science debate has evolved"
816:Parker, Laura (November 28, 2004).
6162:Obsidian Finance Group, LLC v. Cox
5194:United States v. United Foods Inc.
4845:Mine Workers v. Illinois Bar Assn.
4207:Steele v. Louisville & N.R. Co
4124:United States v. United Foods Inc.
3339:Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
2446:NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago
1988:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
1878:Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church
1344:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
25:
6835:Education in Cobb County, Georgia
6696:United Mine Workers v. Pennington
5580:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n
5082:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4869:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4829:Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia Bar
4736:United Public Workers v. Mitchell
4704:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
4264:Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez
4092:Keller v. State Bar of California
3732:Org. for a Better Austin v. Keefe
3605:Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.
3306:Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
3117:Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville
2792:Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
2380:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1870:Kreshik v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1862:Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1819:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1760:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1744:Santa Fe Ind. School Dist. v. Doe
1352:Corp. of Presiding Bishop v. Amos
520:announced that the case had been
6820:United States education case law
6815:Intelligent design controversies
6496:Roberts v. United States Jaycees
6181:Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC
5361:FEC v. National Conservative PAC
5154:Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.
4493:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
4469:Bethel School District v. Fraser
3841:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
3716:Carroll v. Town of Princess Anne
2409:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
1795:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
1627:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
942:The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
6154:Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
5743:NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co.
5692:Lozman v. City of Riviera Beach
5202:Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly
4906:Rowan v. U.S. Post Office Dept.
4552:Pickering v. Board of Education
4380:Garner v. Board of Public Works
4100:Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n
3269:Free Speech Coalition v. Paxton
3085:Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton
2997:MANual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day
2638:Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten
419:In 2015, Selman self-published
6805:2006 in United States case law
6768:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
6082:Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts
6074:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
6005:Grosjean v. American Press Co.
5976:Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
5925:Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart
4930:Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar
4805:Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson
4680:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
4044:Ry. Emps. Department v. Hanson
2835:Terminiello v. City of Chicago
2768:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
2473:Statutory religious exemptions
2372:Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
1664:McCollum v. Board of Education
1360:Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock
531:American Civil Liberties Union
313:Cobb County Board of Education
170:separation of church and state
1:
6800:Establishment Clause case law
6571:Democratic Party v. Wisconsin
6536:Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
6488:Hishon v. King & Spalding
5513:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
5018:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
4970:Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
4813:Kingsley Books, Inc. v. Brown
4696:Heffernan v. City of Paterson
4396:Keyishian v. Board of Regents
4303:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
3520:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
3347:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
2031:Larkin v. Grendel's Den, Inc.
1523:New York v. Cathedral Academy
1403:Everson v. Board of Education
1395:Cochran v. Board of Education
1275:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
1192:United States First Amendment
1156:Text of the original decision
200:11th Circuit Court of Appeals
100:2005) (reversed and remanded)
27:2004 United States court case
6579:Tashjian v. Republican Party
6415:Bates v. City of Little Rock
6321:Protection from prosecution
5901:Lamont v. Postmaster General
5556:Bates v. City of Little Rock
3724:Coates v. City of Cincinnati
3621:Packingham v. North Carolina
3512:Lamont v. Postmaster General
2324:Employment Division v. Smith
995:American Freethought Podcast
913:390 F. Supp. 2d 1286
217:Evolution as fact and theory
6656:United States v. Cruikshank
6302:United States v. Cruikshank
6197:FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild
6138:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
6098:Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.
4343:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
3772:Ward v. Rock Against Racism
3668:Martin v. City of Struthers
3483:City of Erie v. Pap's A. M.
3013:Quantity of Books v. Kansas
2827:Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
2776:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
2300:O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz
1811:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
192:Cobb County School District
6851:
6189:FCC v. Pacifica Foundation
5529:FEC v. Ted Cruz for Senate
5258:Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc.
5146:Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co.
4015:303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
3552:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2875:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2851:Gregory v. City of Chicago
1291:Town of Greece v. Galloway
1103:Discovery Institute staff.
871:Ravitch, Frank S. (2010).
861: (11th Cir. 2006).
214:
174:Georgia State Constitution
166:United States Constitution
6688:Edwards v. South Carolina
6650:
6637:
6378:
6365:
6287:
6274:
6045:Cohen v. Cowles Media Co.
5893:Hannegan v. Esquire, Inc.
5877:Lovell v. City of Griffin
5841:
5828:
3684:Edwards v. South Carolina
3237:United States v. Kilbride
3221:United States v. Williams
3021:Ginzburg v. United States
2601:
2581:
2108:Reynolds v. United States
2102:
2089:
1212:
1199:
915: (N.D. Ga. 2005).
39:
6399:Watkins v. United States
5984:Florida Star v. B. J. F.
4922:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
4898:Valentine v. Chrestensen
4525:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
4199:Compelled representation
4164:Knox v. SEIU, Local 1000
3870:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
3849:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3467:United States v. Eichman
3419:United States v. O'Brien
3245:United States v. Stevens
3029:Memoirs v. Massachusetts
2989:Marcus v. Search Warrant
2784:United States v. Alvarez
2715:clear and present danger
2646:Schenck v. United States
2156:United States v. Ballard
1854:United States v. Ballard
1771:Private religious speech
1611:Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
1368:City of Boerne v. Flores
966:Point of Inquiry Podcast
317:Thursday, March 28, 2002
6555:Primaries and elections
6106:Time, Inc. v. Firestone
6066:Beauharnais v. Illinois
5751:FTC v. Superior Ct. TLA
4789:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
4068:Ellis v. Railway Clerks
4023:Moody v. NetChoice, LLC
3613:City of Ladue v. Gilleo
3597:Schneider v. New Jersey
3560:Reed v. Town of Gilbert
3411:Stromberg v. California
3314:United States v. Hansen
2920:Elonis v. United States
2819:Cantwell v. Connecticut
2735:imminent lawless action
2694:Dennis v. United States
2662:Abrams v. United States
2631:Alien and Sedition Acts
2148:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
2124:Cantwell v. Connecticut
1830:Internal church affairs
778:Objections to evolution
512:Settlement out of court
371:and finally settled in
6480:Membership restriction
6372:Freedom of association
6323:and state restrictions
6021:Houchins v. KQED, Inc.
5473:Citizens United v. FEC
4446:substantial disruption
3748:United States v. Grace
3644:Davis v. Massachusetts
3475:Barnes v. Glen Theatre
2949:Rosen v. United States
2928:Counterman v. Colorado
2904:Watts v. United States
2710:Yates v. United States
2260:Thomas v. Review Board
2188:Fowler v. Rhode Island
755:Academic Freedom bills
649:Segraves v. California
516:On December 19, 2006,
486:
477:
467:
352:
319:
185:Federal District Judge
6232:Copyrighted materials
5861:Patterson v. Colorado
5770:Procunier v. Martinez
5623:Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner
4765:restriction of speech
4752:Broadrick v. Oklahoma
2965:Roth v. United States
2678:Whitney v. California
2654:Debs v. United States
2454:Hosanna-Tabor v. EEOC
2437:Ministerial exception
2391:Exclusion of religion
2292:Goldman v. Weinberger
859:449 F.3d 1320
788:Teach the Controversy
481:
472:
459:
351:Selman speaks in 2018
350:
259:Freiler v. Tangipahoa
122:William H. Pryor, Jr.
18:Selman v. Cobb County
5835:Freedom of the press
5659:Official retaliation
5313:and political speech
4837:Freedman v. Maryland
4781:Cox v. New Hampshire
4664:Garcetti v. Ceballos
4052:Machinists v. Street
3676:Niemotko v. Maryland
3660:Thornhill v. Alabama
3536:Butterworth v. Smith
3435:Spence v. Washington
3077:Miller v. California
3045:Ginsberg v. New York
2393:from public benefits
2268:United States v. Lee
2172:Niemotko v. Maryland
2096:Free Exercise Clause
1720:Edwards v. Aguillard
1696:Epperson v. Arkansas
1443:Lemon v. Kurtzman II
1435:Tilton v. Richardson
1206:Establishment Clause
1091:, December 21, 2006.
968:. Center for Inquiry
765:Establishment Clause
665:Edwards v. Aguillard
625:Willoughby v. Stever
609:Epperson v. Arkansas
522:settled out of court
497:On May 25, 2006 the
249:Epperson v. Arkansas
237:Edwards v. Aguillard
178:scientific consensus
162:Establishment Clause
6644:Freedom to petition
6310:Presser v. Illinois
6281:Freedom of assembly
6221:Bartnicki v. Vopper
5802:Overton v. Bazzetta
5716:Gonzalez v. Trevino
5218:Nike, Inc. v. Kasky
4938:Bigelow v. Virginia
4632:Waters v. Churchill
4616:Rankin v. McPherson
4560:Perry v. Sindermann
3812:McCullen v. Coakley
3708:Adderley v. Florida
3427:Cohen v. California
3282:to criminal conduct
3205:Ashcroft v. ACLU II
2981:Smith v. California
2973:One, Inc. v. Olesen
2859:Cohen v. California
2730:Brandenburg v. Ohio
1964:McGowan v. Maryland
1376:Cutter v. Wilkinson
1310:Statutory religious
1060:, December 19, 2006
1044:, December 19, 2006
641:Hendren v. Campbell
328:Discovery Institute
6603:Clingman v. Beaver
6520:Dallas v. Stanglin
6450:Baggett v. Bullitt
6331:De Jonge v. Oregon
6256:Eldred v. Ashcroft
6013:Branzburg v. Hayes
5968:Time, Inc. v. Hill
5700:Nieves v. Bartlett
5676:Reichle v. Howards
5647:Murthy v. Missouri
5521:Thompson v. Hebdon
5449:Randall v. Sorrell
4994:Friedman v. Rogers
4517:Morse v. Frederick
4388:Speiser v. Randall
3700:Brown v. Louisiana
3451:Dallas v. Stanglin
3290:New York v. Ferber
3189:Ashcroft v. ACLU I
3101:Jenkins v. Georgia
3053:Stanley v. Georgia
3037:Redrup v. New York
3005:Jacobellis v. Ohio
2843:Feiner v. New York
2670:Gitlow v. New York
2559:Ramirez v. Collier
2236:Wisconsin v. Yoder
2220:Sherbert v. Verner
2212:Torcaso v. Watkins
2196:Braunfeld v. Brown
2007:Torcaso v. Watkins
1980:Braunfeld v. Brown
1712:Wallace v. Jaffree
1595:Agostini v. Felton
1483:Wheeler v. Barrera
1259:Van Orden v. Perry
1089:Answers in Genesis
930:, November 8, 2004
657:McLean v. Arkansas
584:Intelligent design
538:Answers in Genesis
493:Appeal and retrial
394:Center for Inquiry
353:
227:intelligent design
114:Edward Earl Carnes
6830:2006 in education
6782:
6781:
6778:
6777:
6728:McDonald v. Smith
6664:Thomas v. Collins
6633:
6632:
6629:
6628:
6563:Cousins v. Wigoda
6361:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6339:Thomas v. Collins
6270:
6269:
6266:
6265:
6130:McDonald v. Smith
5917:Pell v. Procunier
5869:Near v. Minnesota
5824:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5505:McCutcheon v. FEC
5282:Iancu v. Brunetti
5114:Edenfield v. Fane
4889:Commercial speech
4568:Arnett v. Kennedy
4327:Iancu v. Brunetti
4230:Government grants
4225:
4224:
4036:of others' speech
4034:Compelled subsidy
3967:Wooley v. Maynard
3928:
3927:
3833:Widmar v. Vincent
3780:Burson v. Freeman
3764:Frisby v. Schultz
3491:Virginia v. Black
3324:
3323:
3213:Nitke v. Gonzales
3149:People v. Freeman
3069:Kois v. Wisconsin
2912:Virginia v. Black
2588:Freedom of speech
2577:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2543:Sossamon v. Texas
2085:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2047:Bowen v. Kendrick
2039:Larson v. Valente
1913:Taxpayer standing
1672:Zorach v. Clauson
1603:Mitchell v. Helms
1563:Aguilar v. Felton
1499:Meek v. Pittenger
1427:Lemon v. Kurtzman
1235:Lynch v. Donnelly
1227:Marsh v. Chambers
1151:Trial transcripts
882:978-0-521-13926-7
796:
795:
771:Lemon v. Kurtzman
463:critical thinking
436:Lemon v. Kurtzman
429:Original decision
140:
139:
16:(Redirected from
6842:
6825:2006 in religion
6704:Cox v. Louisiana
6639:
6407:NAACP v. Alabama
6380:
6367:
6289:
6276:
5847:Prior restraints
5843:
5830:
5786:Turner v. Safley
5668:Hartman v. Moore
5615:Marsh v. Alabama
5564:Buckley v. Valeo
5548:NAACP v. Alabama
5540:Anonymous speech
5433:McConnell v. FEC
5321:Buckley v. Valeo
5310:Campaign finance
4797:Kunz v. New York
4608:Connick v. Myers
4544:Public employees
4248:Rust v. Sullivan
4196:
3934:Compelled speech
3804:Hill v. Colorado
3692:Cox v. Louisiana
3629:
3459:Texas v. Johnson
2883:Snyder v. Phelps
2614:
2603:
2596:
2583:
2522:Tanzin v. Tanvir
2506:Zubik v. Burwell
2477:
2388:
2364:Tandon v. Newsom
2244:McDaniel v. Paty
2180:Kunz v. New York
2140:Jamison v. Texas
2091:
2015:McDaniel v. Paty
1547:Mueller v. Allen
1515:Wolman v. Walter
1283:Salazar v. Buono
1214:
1201:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1162:
1147:
1141:
1138:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1082:
1076:
1067:
1061:
1051:
1045:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1015:Ibarra, Anibal.
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
987:
978:
977:
975:
973:
957:
946:
945:
937:
931:
922:
916:
910:
904:
887:
886:
868:
862:
856:
850:
833:
832:
830:
828:
813:
681:Bishop v. Aronov
633:Daniel v. Waters
580:Creation science
573:
566:
559:
550:
398:Point of Inquiry
378:Creative Loafing
234:Clause (notably
105:Court membership
44:
32:
21:
6850:
6849:
6845:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6839:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6774:
6680:NAACP v. Button
6646:
6625:
6550:
6475:
6456:
6437:
6423:NAACP v. Button
6374:
6353:
6322:
6316:
6283:
6262:
6227:
6173:Broadcast media
6168:
6165:(9th Cir. 2014)
6051:
5996:
5990:
5955:
5949:Tory v. Cochran
5885:Tucker v. Texas
5849:
5837:
5816:
5757:
5730:
5708:Egbert v. Boule
5653:
5639:Lindke v. Freed
5602:
5535:
5425:FEC v. Beaumont
5312:
5304:
5298:Vidal v. Elster
4883:
4821:NAACP v. Button
4764:
4758:
4728:Ex parte Curtis
4719:
4710:
4539:
4410:
4357:
4351:Vidal v. Elster
4293:
4286:
4231:
4221:
4194:
4188:Janus v. AFSCME
4172:Harris v. Quinn
4148:Locke v. Karass
4035:
4029:
3924:
3878:Brown v. Glines
3861:
3855:
3824:
3818:
3633:
3627:
3588:
3587:Content-neutral
3582:
3503:
3497:
3402:
3400:Symbolic speech
3394:
3372:Smith v. Goguen
3361:
3353:
3330:Strict scrutiny
3320:
3298:Osborne v. Ohio
3281:
3280:Speech integral
3275:
3240:(9th Cir. 2009)
3232:(6th Cir. 2009)
3216:(S.D.N.Y. 2005)
3144:(7th Cir. 1985)
2960:(S.D.N.Y. 1933)
2934:
2889:
2807:
2798:
2757:
2748:
2742:Hess v. Indiana
2686:Fiske v. Kansas
2641:(S.D.N.Y. 1917)
2620:
2608:
2597:
2590:
2565:
2528:
2468:
2431:
2425:Carson v. Makin
2392:
2386:
2164:Tucker v. Texas
2116:Davis v. Beason
2098:
2077:
2071:Trump v. Hawaii
2023:Harris v. McRae
1994:
1951:
1908:
1838:Watson v. Jones
1825:
1766:
1704:Stone v. Graham
1680:Engel v. Vitale
1655:
1649:
1643:Carson v. Makin
1382:
1311:
1305:
1218:
1217:Public displays
1208:
1195:
1189:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1095:
1083:
1079:
1068:
1064:
1052:
1048:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1009:
999:
997:
989:
988:
981:
971:
969:
959:
958:
949:
939:
938:
934:
923:
919:
906:
905:
890:
883:
870:
869:
865:
852:
851:
836:
826:
824:
815:
814:
807:
802:
797:
792:
743:
590:
577:
547:
514:
495:
431:
357:Bronx, New York
345:
314:
312:
219:
213:
188:Clarence Cooper
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6848:
6846:
6838:
6837:
6832:
6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6787:
6786:
6780:
6779:
6776:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6764:
6756:
6748:
6740:
6736:Meyer v. Grant
6732:
6724:
6716:
6708:
6700:
6692:
6684:
6676:
6668:
6660:
6651:
6648:
6647:
6642:
6635:
6634:
6631:
6630:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6623:
6615:
6607:
6599:
6591:
6583:
6575:
6567:
6558:
6556:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6548:
6540:
6532:
6524:
6516:
6508:
6500:
6492:
6483:
6481:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6473:
6464:
6462:
6458:
6457:
6455:
6454:
6445:
6443:
6442:Future Conduct
6439:
6438:
6436:
6435:
6427:
6419:
6411:
6403:
6395:
6386:
6384:
6376:
6375:
6370:
6363:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6355:
6354:
6352:
6351:
6343:
6335:
6326:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6306:
6297:
6295:
6285:
6284:
6279:
6272:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6252:
6244:
6235:
6233:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6217:
6209:
6201:
6193:
6185:
6176:
6174:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6166:
6158:
6150:
6142:
6134:
6126:
6118:
6110:
6102:
6094:
6086:
6078:
6070:
6061:
6059:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6049:
6041:
6033:
6025:
6017:
6009:
6000:
5998:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5988:
5980:
5972:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5953:
5945:
5937:
5929:
5921:
5913:
5905:
5897:
5889:
5881:
5873:
5865:
5856:
5854:
5839:
5838:
5833:
5826:
5825:
5822:
5821:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5810:Beard v. Banks
5806:
5798:
5794:Shaw v. Murphy
5790:
5782:
5774:
5765:
5763:
5759:
5758:
5756:
5755:
5747:
5738:
5736:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5720:
5712:
5704:
5696:
5688:
5680:
5672:
5663:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5643:
5635:
5627:
5619:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5600:
5592:
5584:
5576:
5568:
5560:
5552:
5543:
5541:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5525:
5517:
5509:
5501:
5493:
5485:
5477:
5469:
5461:
5453:
5445:
5437:
5429:
5421:
5413:
5405:
5397:
5389:
5381:
5373:
5365:
5357:
5349:
5341:
5333:
5325:
5316:
5314:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5294:
5286:
5278:
5270:
5262:
5254:
5246:
5238:
5230:
5222:
5214:
5206:
5198:
5190:
5182:
5174:
5166:
5158:
5150:
5142:
5134:
5126:
5118:
5110:
5102:
5094:
5086:
5078:
5070:
5062:
5054:
5046:
5038:
5030:
5022:
5014:
5006:
4998:
4990:
4982:
4974:
4966:
4958:
4950:
4942:
4934:
4926:
4918:
4910:
4902:
4893:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4881:
4873:
4865:
4857:
4849:
4841:
4833:
4825:
4817:
4809:
4801:
4793:
4785:
4777:
4768:
4766:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4756:
4748:
4740:
4732:
4723:
4721:
4712:
4711:
4709:
4708:
4700:
4692:
4688:Lane v. Franks
4684:
4676:
4668:
4660:
4652:
4644:
4636:
4628:
4620:
4612:
4604:
4596:
4588:
4580:
4576:Elrod v. Burns
4572:
4564:
4556:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4537:
4529:
4521:
4513:
4505:
4497:
4489:
4481:
4473:
4465:
4457:
4453:Healy v. James
4449:
4437:
4429:
4420:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4409:
4408:
4400:
4392:
4384:
4376:
4367:
4365:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4347:
4339:
4331:
4323:
4315:
4307:
4298:
4296:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4252:
4244:
4235:
4233:
4227:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4211:
4202:
4200:
4193:
4192:
4184:
4176:
4168:
4160:
4152:
4144:
4136:
4128:
4120:
4112:
4104:
4096:
4088:
4080:
4072:
4064:
4056:
4048:
4039:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4019:
4011:
4003:
3995:
3987:
3979:
3971:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3938:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3914:
3906:
3898:
3890:
3882:
3874:
3865:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3828:
3826:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3808:
3800:
3792:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3760:
3752:
3744:
3736:
3728:
3720:
3712:
3704:
3696:
3688:
3680:
3672:
3664:
3656:
3648:
3639:
3637:
3626:
3625:
3617:
3609:
3601:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3572:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3507:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3487:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3415:
3406:
3404:
3403:versus conduct
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3384:
3376:
3367:
3365:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3343:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3310:
3302:
3294:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3249:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3217:
3209:
3201:
3193:
3185:
3177:
3169:
3161:
3153:
3145:
3137:
3129:
3121:
3113:
3105:
3097:
3089:
3081:
3073:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3033:
3025:
3017:
3009:
3001:
2993:
2985:
2977:
2969:
2961:
2953:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2924:
2916:
2908:
2899:
2897:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2863:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2814:
2812:
2810:heckler's veto
2804:Fighting words
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2772:
2763:
2761:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2738:
2726:
2718:
2706:
2698:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2627:
2625:
2611:
2599:
2598:
2586:
2579:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2538:
2536:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2485:
2483:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2441:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2401:Locke v. Davey
2396:
2394:
2385:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2264:
2256:
2248:
2240:
2232:
2224:
2216:
2208:
2200:
2192:
2184:
2176:
2168:
2160:
2152:
2144:
2136:
2128:
2120:
2112:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2051:
2043:
2035:
2027:
2019:
2011:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1921:Flast v. Cohen
1916:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1815:
1807:
1799:
1791:
1783:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1736:Lee v. Weisman
1732:
1724:
1716:
1708:
1700:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1668:
1659:
1657:
1656:public schools
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1615:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1527:
1519:
1511:
1503:
1495:
1487:
1479:
1475:Sloan v. Lemon
1471:
1463:
1459:Hunt v. McNair
1455:
1447:
1439:
1431:
1423:
1415:
1411:Flast v. Cohen
1407:
1399:
1390:
1388:
1387:Public funding
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1348:
1340:
1332:
1324:
1315:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1222:
1220:
1219:and ceremonies
1210:
1209:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1134:Google Scholar
1112:
1111:External links
1109:
1106:
1105:
1093:
1077:
1062:
1046:
1030:
1007:
979:
947:
932:
917:
888:
881:
863:
834:
804:
803:
801:
798:
794:
793:
791:
790:
785:
780:
775:
767:
762:
757:
751:
749:
745:
744:
742:
741:
733:
725:
717:
709:
701:
693:
685:
677:
669:
661:
653:
645:
637:
629:
621:
613:
605:
598:
596:
592:
591:
578:
576:
575:
568:
561:
553:
546:
543:
513:
510:
494:
491:
455:
454:
451:
448:
430:
427:
344:
343:Jeffrey Selman
341:
297:Kenneth Miller
288:
287:
286:
285:
282:
279:
276:
273:
212:
209:
172:clause in the
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
125:
124:
111:
110:Judges sitting
107:
106:
102:
101:
87:
83:
82:
78:
77:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6847:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6796:
6793:
6792:
6790:
6770:
6769:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6757:
6754:
6753:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6741:
6738:
6737:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6721:
6717:
6714:
6713:
6709:
6706:
6705:
6701:
6698:
6697:
6693:
6690:
6689:
6685:
6682:
6681:
6677:
6674:
6673:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6661:
6658:
6657:
6653:
6652:
6649:
6645:
6640:
6636:
6621:
6620:
6616:
6613:
6612:
6608:
6605:
6604:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6592:
6589:
6588:
6584:
6581:
6580:
6576:
6573:
6572:
6568:
6565:
6564:
6560:
6559:
6557:
6553:
6546:
6545:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6533:
6530:
6529:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6517:
6514:
6513:
6509:
6506:
6505:
6501:
6498:
6497:
6493:
6490:
6489:
6485:
6484:
6482:
6478:
6471:
6470:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6459:
6452:
6451:
6447:
6446:
6444:
6440:
6433:
6432:
6428:
6425:
6424:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6412:
6409:
6408:
6404:
6401:
6400:
6396:
6393:
6392:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:Organizations
6381:
6377:
6373:
6368:
6364:
6349:
6348:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6319:
6312:
6311:
6307:
6304:
6303:
6299:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6293:Incorporation
6290:
6286:
6282:
6277:
6273:
6258:
6257:
6253:
6250:
6249:
6245:
6242:
6241:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6230:
6223:
6222:
6218:
6215:
6214:
6210:
6207:
6206:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6178:
6177:
6175:
6171:
6164:
6163:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6143:
6140:
6139:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6123:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6107:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6095:
6092:
6091:
6087:
6084:
6083:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6063:
6062:
6060:
6058:
6054:
6047:
6046:
6042:
6039:
6038:
6034:
6031:
6030:
6026:
6023:
6022:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6010:
6007:
6006:
6002:
6001:
5999:
5993:
5986:
5985:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5964:
5962:
5958:
5951:
5950:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5926:
5922:
5919:
5918:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5866:
5863:
5862:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5840:
5836:
5831:
5827:
5812:
5811:
5807:
5804:
5803:
5799:
5796:
5795:
5791:
5788:
5787:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5775:
5772:
5771:
5767:
5766:
5764:
5760:
5753:
5752:
5748:
5745:
5744:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5733:
5726:
5725:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5713:
5710:
5709:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5694:
5693:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5681:
5678:
5677:
5673:
5670:
5669:
5665:
5664:
5662:
5660:
5656:
5649:
5648:
5644:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5624:
5620:
5617:
5616:
5612:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5598:
5597:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5585:
5582:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5565:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5553:
5550:
5549:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5538:
5531:
5530:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5502:
5499:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5490:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5398:
5395:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5362:
5358:
5355:
5354:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5342:
5339:
5338:
5334:
5331:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5311:
5307:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5263:
5260:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5183:
5180:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5095:
5092:
5091:
5087:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5023:
5020:
5019:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4972:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4879:
4878:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4866:
4863:
4862:
4858:
4855:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4763:Licensing and
4761:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4717:
4713:
4706:
4705:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4542:
4535:
4534:
4530:
4527:
4526:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4416:School speech
4413:
4406:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4363:Loyalty oaths
4360:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4289:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4232:and subsidies
4228:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4190:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4032:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3920:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3858:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3821:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3805:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3636:
3630:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3585:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3528:Boos v. Barry
3525:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3502:Content-based
3500:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3278:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2755:
2751:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:Bond v. Floyd
2719:
2716:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2604:
2600:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:Holt v. Hobbs
2548:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2389:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1894:Jones v. Wolf
1891:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1652:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1308:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1125:CourtListener
1119:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1018:
1011:
1008:
996:
992:
986:
984:
980:
967:
963:
960:Zepps, Josh.
956:
954:
952:
948:
943:
936:
933:
929:
926:
921:
918:
914:
909:
903:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
889:
884:
878:
874:
867:
864:
860:
855:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
839:
835:
823:
819:
812:
810:
806:
799:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
773:
772:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
750:
746:
739:
738:
734:
731:
730:
726:
723:
722:
718:
715:
714:
710:
707:
706:
702:
699:
698:
694:
691:
690:
686:
683:
682:
678:
675:
674:
670:
667:
666:
662:
659:
658:
654:
651:
650:
646:
643:
642:
638:
635:
634:
630:
627:
626:
622:
619:
618:
614:
611:
610:
606:
603:
600:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
574:
569:
567:
562:
560:
555:
554:
551:
545:Related cases
544:
542:
539:
534:
532:
528:
523:
519:
511:
509:
507:
506:
500:
492:
490:
485:
480:
476:
471:
466:
464:
458:
452:
449:
446:
445:
444:
442:
438:
437:
428:
426:
424:
423:
417:
415:
411:
407:
402:
399:
395:
390:
389:for Atlanta.
388:
384:
380:
379:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
349:
342:
340:
336:
332:
329:
323:
318:
315:
309:
304:
302:
298:
292:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
270:
269:
268:
267:
263:
261:
260:
255:
251:
250:
245:
244:
239:
238:
232:
228:
224:
218:
210:
208:
206:
201:
197:
193:
189:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
145:
135:
131:
128:Case opinions
126:
123:
119:
118:Frank M. Hull
115:
112:
108:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
86:Prior history
84:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6766:
6758:
6750:
6742:
6734:
6726:
6718:
6710:
6702:
6694:
6686:
6678:
6670:
6662:
6654:
6617:
6609:
6601:
6593:
6585:
6577:
6569:
6561:
6542:
6534:
6526:
6518:
6510:
6502:
6494:
6486:
6469:In re Primus
6467:
6461:Solicitation
6448:
6429:
6421:
6413:
6405:
6397:
6389:
6345:
6337:
6329:
6308:
6300:
6254:
6246:
6238:
6219:
6211:
6203:
6195:
6187:
6179:
6160:
6152:
6144:
6136:
6128:
6120:
6112:
6104:
6096:
6088:
6080:
6072:
6064:
6043:
6035:
6027:
6019:
6011:
6003:
5995:Taxation and
5982:
5974:
5966:
5947:
5939:
5931:
5923:
5915:
5907:
5899:
5891:
5883:
5875:
5867:
5859:
5808:
5800:
5792:
5784:
5776:
5768:
5749:
5741:
5722:
5714:
5706:
5698:
5690:
5684:Wood v. Moss
5682:
5674:
5666:
5645:
5637:
5629:
5621:
5613:
5607:State action
5594:
5586:
5578:
5570:
5562:
5554:
5546:
5527:
5519:
5511:
5503:
5495:
5487:
5479:
5471:
5465:Davis v. FEC
5463:
5455:
5447:
5439:
5431:
5423:
5415:
5407:
5399:
5391:
5383:
5375:
5367:
5359:
5351:
5343:
5335:
5327:
5319:
5296:
5288:
5280:
5274:Matal v. Tam
5272:
5264:
5256:
5248:
5240:
5232:
5224:
5216:
5208:
5200:
5192:
5184:
5176:
5168:
5160:
5152:
5144:
5136:
5128:
5120:
5112:
5104:
5096:
5088:
5080:
5072:
5064:
5056:
5048:
5040:
5032:
5026:In re R.M.J.
5024:
5016:
5008:
5000:
4992:
4984:
4978:In re Primus
4976:
4968:
4960:
4952:
4944:
4936:
4928:
4920:
4912:
4904:
4896:
4875:
4867:
4859:
4851:
4843:
4835:
4827:
4819:
4811:
4803:
4795:
4787:
4779:
4771:
4750:
4742:
4734:
4726:
4720:similar laws
4702:
4694:
4686:
4678:
4670:
4662:
4654:
4646:
4638:
4630:
4622:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4590:
4582:
4574:
4566:
4558:
4550:
4531:
4523:
4515:
4507:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4475:
4467:
4459:
4451:
4439:
4431:
4423:
4402:
4394:
4386:
4378:
4370:
4349:
4341:
4333:
4325:
4319:Matal v. Tam
4317:
4309:
4301:
4278:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4246:
4238:
4213:
4205:
4186:
4178:
4170:
4162:
4154:
4146:
4138:
4130:
4122:
4114:
4106:
4098:
4090:
4082:
4074:
4066:
4058:
4050:
4042:
4021:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3981:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3949:
3941:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3868:
3847:
3839:
3831:
3825:public forum
3810:
3802:
3794:
3786:
3778:
3770:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3738:
3730:
3722:
3714:
3706:
3698:
3690:
3682:
3674:
3666:
3658:
3652:Hague v. CIO
3650:
3642:
3635:public forum
3619:
3611:
3603:
3595:
3589:restrictions
3574:
3566:
3558:
3550:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3518:
3510:
3504:restrictions
3489:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3457:
3449:
3441:
3433:
3425:
3417:
3409:
3386:
3378:
3370:
3345:
3337:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3267:
3259:
3251:
3243:
3235:
3227:
3219:
3211:
3203:
3195:
3187:
3179:
3171:
3165:Reno v. ACLU
3163:
3155:
3147:
3139:
3131:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3091:
3083:
3075:
3067:
3059:
3051:
3043:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2971:
2963:
2955:
2947:
2926:
2918:
2910:
2902:
2895:True threats
2881:
2873:
2865:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2790:
2782:
2774:
2766:
2759:false speech
2740:
2728:
2720:
2708:
2705:(1955; 1961)
2700:
2692:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2557:
2549:
2541:
2520:
2512:
2504:
2496:
2488:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2423:
2415:
2407:
2399:
2378:
2370:
2362:
2354:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2322:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2284:Bowen v. Roy
2282:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2234:
2228:Cruz v. Beto
2226:
2218:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2186:
2178:
2170:
2162:
2154:
2146:
2138:
2130:
2122:
2114:
2106:
2069:
2061:
2053:
2045:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2005:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1943:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1860:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1817:
1809:
1801:
1793:
1785:
1777:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1678:
1670:
1662:
1641:
1633:
1625:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1593:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1545:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1457:
1449:
1441:
1433:
1425:
1417:
1409:
1401:
1393:
1374:
1366:
1358:
1350:
1342:
1334:
1326:
1318:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1265:
1257:
1249:
1241:
1233:
1225:
1117:
1096:
1080:
1065:
1049:
1033:
1023:November 17,
1021:. Retrieved
1010:
1000:November 14,
998:. Retrieved
994:
972:November 12,
970:. Retrieved
965:
941:
935:
920:
907:
872:
866:
853:
825:. Retrieved
821:
783:Michael Ruse
769:
736:
735:
727:
719:
711:
703:
695:
687:
679:
671:
663:
655:
647:
639:
631:
623:
615:
607:
602:Scopes Trial
536:The website
535:
515:
503:
496:
487:
482:
478:
473:
468:
460:
456:
439:. Under the
434:
432:
420:
418:
403:
391:
376:
354:
337:
333:
324:
320:
316:
310:
306:
293:
289:
264:
257:
247:
241:
235:
223:creationists
220:
182:
143:
142:
141:
81:Case history
62:May 25, 2006
29:
6760:Doe v. Reed
5941:Lowe v. SEC
5588:Doe v. Reed
3359:Overbreadth
3152:(Cal. 1988)
2607:Unprotected
1654:Religion in
595:Court Cases
422:God Sent Me
406:creationist
373:Cobb County
311:Approved by
149:Cobb County
91:F. Supp. 2d
6789:Categories
6057:Defamation
5997:privileges
5852:censorship
4294:as speaker
4292:Government
3823:Designated
2754:Defamation
2618:Incitement
1312:exemptions
827:January 3,
800:References
441:Lemon test
215:See also:
211:Background
196:injunction
4716:Hatch Act
3860:Nonpublic
3363:Vagueness
2940:Obscenity
1956:Blue laws
822:USA Today
588:evolution
508:in 2005.
410:evolution
301:evolution
254:Louisiana
5735:Boycotts
2623:sedition
1194:case law
1116:Text of
529:and the
414:Big Bang
412:and the
168:and the
133:Majority
98:N.D. Ga.
67:Citation
5960:Privacy
5762:Prisons
4444:(1969,
2733:(1969,
2713:(1957,
748:Related
369:Atlanta
205:settled
164:of the
157:biology
153:Georgia
59:Decided
6771:(2011)
6763:(2010)
6755:(2002)
6747:(1999)
6739:(1988)
6731:(1985)
6723:(1979)
6715:(1972)
6707:(1965)
6699:(1965)
6691:(1963)
6683:(1963)
6675:(1961)
6667:(1945)
6659:(1876)
6622:(2008)
6614:(2008)
6606:(2005)
6598:(2000)
6590:(1997)
6582:(1986)
6574:(1981)
6566:(1975)
6547:(2010)
6539:(2000)
6531:(1995)
6523:(1989)
6515:(1988)
6507:(1987)
6499:(1984)
6491:(1984)
6472:(1978)
6453:(1964)
6434:(2021)
6426:(1963)
6418:(1960)
6410:(1958)
6402:(1957)
6394:(1951)
6350:(2021)
6342:(1945)
6334:(1937)
6313:(1886)
6305:(1876)
6259:(2003)
6251:(1985)
6243:(1977)
6224:(2001)
6216:(1997)
6208:(1996)
6200:(1981)
6192:(1978)
6184:(1969)
6157:(1990)
6149:(1989)
6141:(1988)
6133:(1985)
6125:(1985)
6117:(1984)
6109:(1976)
6101:(1974)
6093:(1970)
6085:(1967)
6077:(1964)
6069:(1952)
6048:(1991)
6040:(1987)
6032:(1983)
6024:(1978)
6016:(1972)
6008:(1936)
5987:(1989)
5979:(1975)
5971:(1967)
5952:(2005)
5944:(1985)
5936:(1978)
5928:(1976)
5920:(1974)
5912:(1971)
5904:(1965)
5896:(1946)
5888:(1946)
5880:(1938)
5872:(1931)
5864:(1907)
5813:(2006)
5805:(2003)
5797:(2001)
5789:(1987)
5781:(1977)
5773:(1974)
5754:(1990)
5746:(1982)
5727:(2024)
5719:(2024)
5711:(2022)
5703:(2019)
5695:(2018)
5687:(2014)
5679:(2012)
5671:(2006)
5650:(2024)
5642:(2024)
5634:(2019)
5626:(1972)
5618:(1946)
5599:(2021)
5591:(2010)
5583:(1995)
5575:(1982)
5567:(1976)
5559:(1960)
5551:(1958)
5532:(2022)
5524:(2019)
5516:(2015)
5508:(2014)
5500:(2012)
5492:(2011)
5484:(2011)
5476:(2010)
5468:(2008)
5460:(2007)
5452:(2006)
5444:(2006)
5436:(2003)
5428:(2003)
5420:(2002)
5412:(2001)
5404:(2000)
5396:(1996)
5388:(1990)
5380:(1989)
5372:(1986)
5364:(1985)
5356:(1982)
5348:(1981)
5340:(1981)
5332:(1978)
5324:(1976)
5301:(2024)
5293:(2020)
5285:(2019)
5277:(2017)
5269:(2017)
5261:(2011)
5253:(2010)
5245:(2010)
5237:(2007)
5229:(2005)
5221:(2003)
5213:(2002)
5205:(2001)
5197:(2001)
5189:(1999)
5181:(1999)
5173:(1997)
5165:(1996)
5157:(1995)
5149:(1995)
5141:(1995)
5133:(1994)
5125:(1993)
5117:(1993)
5109:(1993)
5101:(1990)
5093:(1989)
5085:(1988)
5077:(1988)
5069:(1987)
5061:(1986)
5053:(1986)
5045:(1985)
5037:(1982)
5029:(1982)
5021:(1981)
5013:(1980)
5005:(1980)
4997:(1979)
4989:(1978)
4981:(1978)
4973:(1977)
4965:(1977)
4957:(1977)
4949:(1976)
4941:(1975)
4933:(1975)
4925:(1974)
4917:(1973)
4909:(1970)
4901:(1942)
4880:(1992)
4872:(1988)
4864:(1982)
4856:(1981)
4848:(1967)
4840:(1965)
4832:(1964)
4824:(1963)
4816:(1957)
4808:(1952)
4800:(1951)
4792:(1943)
4784:(1941)
4776:(1915)
4755:(1973)
4747:(1973)
4739:(1947)
4731:(1882)
4707:(2022)
4699:(2016)
4691:(2014)
4683:(2011)
4675:(2007)
4667:(2006)
4659:(2001)
4651:(1996)
4643:(1995)
4635:(1994)
4627:(1990)
4619:(1987)
4611:(1983)
4603:(1979)
4595:(1979)
4587:(1977)
4579:(1976)
4571:(1974)
4563:(1972)
4555:(1968)
4536:(2021)
4528:(2021)
4520:(2007)
4512:(2007)
4504:(2001)
4496:(1995)
4488:(1990)
4480:(1988)
4472:(1986)
4464:(1982)
4456:(1972)
4436:(1943)
4428:(1940)
4407:(1974)
4399:(1967)
4391:(1958)
4383:(1951)
4375:(1950)
4354:(2024)
4346:(2022)
4338:(2022)
4330:(2019)
4322:(2017)
4314:(2015)
4306:(2009)
4283:(2020)
4275:(2013)
4267:(2001)
4259:(1998)
4251:(1991)
4243:(1983)
4218:(1984)
4210:(1944)
4191:(2018)
4183:(2016)
4175:(2014)
4167:(2012)
4159:(2009)
4151:(2008)
4143:(2007)
4135:(2005)
4127:(2001)
4119:(2000)
4111:(1997)
4103:(1991)
4095:(1990)
4087:(1988)
4079:(1986)
4071:(1984)
4063:(1977)
4055:(1961)
4047:(1956)
4026:(2024)
4018:(2023)
4010:(2018)
4002:(2006)
3994:(1995)
3986:(1986)
3978:(1980)
3970:(1977)
3962:(1974)
3954:(1943)
3946:(1940)
3921:(2018)
3913:(1997)
3905:(1992)
3897:(1985)
3889:(1983)
3881:(1980)
3873:(1974)
3852:(2021)
3844:(1995)
3836:(1981)
3815:(2014)
3807:(2000)
3799:(1997)
3791:(1994)
3783:(1992)
3775:(1989)
3767:(1988)
3759:(1984)
3751:(1983)
3743:(1981)
3735:(1971)
3727:(1971)
3719:(1968)
3711:(1966)
3703:(1966)
3695:(1965)
3687:(1963)
3679:(1951)
3671:(1943)
3663:(1940)
3655:(1939)
3647:(1897)
3632:In the
3624:(2017)
3616:(1994)
3608:(1986)
3600:(1939)
3579:(2022)
3571:(2020)
3563:(2015)
3555:(1992)
3547:(1991)
3539:(1990)
3531:(1988)
3523:(1981)
3515:(1965)
3494:(2003)
3486:(2000)
3478:(1991)
3470:(1990)
3462:(1989)
3454:(1989)
3446:(1984)
3438:(1974)
3430:(1971)
3422:(1968)
3414:(1931)
3391:(2018)
3383:(1987)
3375:(1974)
3350:(2015)
3342:(2010)
3317:(2023)
3309:(2002)
3301:(1990)
3293:(1982)
3272:(2025)
3264:(2012)
3256:(2011)
3248:(2010)
3224:(2008)
3208:(2004)
3200:(2003)
3192:(2002)
3184:(2002)
3176:(2000)
3168:(1997)
3160:(1994)
3136:(1980)
3128:(1976)
3120:(1975)
3112:(1975)
3104:(1974)
3096:(1973)
3088:(1973)
3080:(1973)
3072:(1972)
3064:(1971)
3056:(1969)
3048:(1968)
3040:(1967)
3032:(1966)
3024:(1966)
3016:(1964)
3008:(1964)
3000:(1962)
2992:(1961)
2984:(1959)
2976:(1958)
2968:(1957)
2952:(1896)
2931:(2023)
2923:(2015)
2915:(2003)
2907:(1969)
2886:(2011)
2878:(1992)
2870:(1977)
2862:(1971)
2854:(1969)
2846:(1951)
2838:(1949)
2830:(1942)
2822:(1940)
2795:(2014)
2787:(2012)
2779:(1988)
2771:(1964)
2745:(1973)
2725:(1966)
2697:(1951)
2689:(1927)
2681:(1927)
2673:(1925)
2665:(1919)
2657:(1919)
2649:(1919)
2633:(1798)
2609:speech
2593:portal
2562:(2022)
2554:(2015)
2546:(2011)
2534:RLUIPA
2525:(2020)
2517:(2020)
2509:(2016)
2501:(2014)
2493:(2006)
2465:(2020)
2457:(2012)
2449:(1979)
2428:(2022)
2420:(2020)
2412:(2017)
2404:(2004)
2383:(2022)
2375:(2021)
2367:(2021)
2359:(2020)
2351:(2018)
2343:(2002)
2335:(1993)
2327:(1990)
2319:(1989)
2311:(1989)
2303:(1987)
2295:(1986)
2287:(1986)
2279:(1983)
2271:(1982)
2263:(1981)
2255:(1981)
2247:(1978)
2239:(1972)
2231:(1972)
2223:(1963)
2215:(1961)
2207:(1961)
2199:(1961)
2191:(1953)
2183:(1951)
2175:(1951)
2167:(1946)
2159:(1944)
2151:(1943)
2143:(1943)
2135:(1940)
2127:(1940)
2119:(1890)
2111:(1879)
2074:(2018)
2066:(1994)
2058:(1989)
2050:(1988)
2042:(1982)
2034:(1982)
2026:(1980)
2018:(1978)
2010:(1961)
1991:(1985)
1983:(1961)
1975:(1961)
1967:(1961)
1948:(2011)
1940:(2007)
1932:(1982)
1924:(1968)
1905:(2020)
1897:(1979)
1889:(1976)
1881:(1969)
1873:(1960)
1865:(1952)
1857:(1944)
1849:(1929)
1841:(1872)
1822:(2022)
1814:(2022)
1806:(2001)
1798:(1995)
1790:(1995)
1782:(1993)
1763:(2022)
1755:(2004)
1747:(2000)
1739:(1992)
1731:(1990)
1723:(1987)
1715:(1985)
1707:(1980)
1699:(1968)
1691:(1963)
1683:(1962)
1675:(1952)
1667:(1948)
1646:(2022)
1638:(2020)
1630:(2017)
1622:(2011)
1614:(2002)
1606:(2000)
1598:(1997)
1590:(1994)
1582:(1993)
1574:(1986)
1566:(1985)
1558:(1985)
1550:(1983)
1542:(1982)
1534:(1980)
1526:(1977)
1518:(1977)
1510:(1976)
1502:(1975)
1494:(1974)
1486:(1974)
1478:(1973)
1470:(1973)
1462:(1973)
1454:(1973)
1446:(1973)
1438:(1971)
1430:(1971)
1422:(1968)
1414:(1968)
1406:(1947)
1398:(1930)
1379:(2005)
1371:(1997)
1363:(1989)
1355:(1987)
1347:(1985)
1339:(1983)
1331:(1982)
1323:(1970)
1302:(2019)
1294:(2014)
1286:(2010)
1278:(2009)
1270:(2005)
1262:(2005)
1254:(1989)
1246:(1985)
1238:(1984)
1230:(1983)
1146:
1143:Justia
1140:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1122:
911:,
879:
857:,
774:(1971)
740:(2006)
732:(2005)
724:(2000)
716:(1998)
708:(1997)
700:(1996)
692:(1994)
684:(1991)
676:(1990)
668:(1987)
660:(1982)
652:(1981)
644:(1977)
636:(1975)
628:(1973)
620:(1972)
612:(1968)
604:- 1925
231:theory
136:Carnes
3862:forum
1999:Other
365:COBOL
361:VISTA
49:Court
5850:and
2808:the
2621:and
2481:RFRA
1074:ACLU
1058:NCSE
1025:2015
1002:2015
974:2015
877:ISBN
829:2009
586:vs.
383:ACLU
225:and
94:1286
89:390
75:1320
72:F.3d
70:449
4718:and
2806:and
2756:and
396:'s
262:).
6791::
1087:,
1072:,
1056:,
1040:,
993:.
982:^
964:.
950:^
891:^
837:^
820:.
808:^
582:/
533:.
240:,
151:,
120:,
116:,
4448:)
2737:)
2717:)
2595:)
2591:(
1184:e
1177:t
1170:v
1027:.
1004:.
976:.
885:.
831:.
572:e
565:t
558:v
96:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
