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Semi-invariant of a quiver

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22: 816: 2519: 1195: 565: 811:{\displaystyle {\begin{array}{ccc}GL(\mathbf {d} )\times \operatorname {Rep} (Q,\mathbf {d} )&\longrightarrow &\operatorname {Rep} (Q,\mathbf {d} )\\{\Big (}(g_{i}),(V_{i},V(\alpha )){\Big )}&\longmapsto &(V_{i},g_{t(\alpha )}\cdot V(\alpha )\cdot g_{s(\alpha )}^{-1})\end{array}}} 1036: 1818: 2157: 532: 395: 1612: 2878: 1457: 850: 1623: 1957: 1172: 415: 2222: 1890: 1296: 300: 1512: 2319: 288: 187: 2610: 51: 1324: 228:)) by simultaneous base change. Such action induces one on the ring of functions. The ones which are invariants up to a character of the group are called 1031:{\displaystyle {\begin{array}{ccc}GL(\mathbf {d} )\times k&\longrightarrow &k\\(g,f)&\longmapsto &g\cdot f(-):=f(g^{-1}.-)\end{array}}} 1813:{\displaystyle SI(Q,\mathbf {d} )_{\sigma }:=\{f\in k:g\cdot f=\prod _{i\in Q_{0}}\det(g_{i})^{\sigma _{i}}f,\forall g\in GL(\mathbf {d} )\}.} 73: 2152:{\displaystyle (g_{1},g_{2})\cdot {\det }^{u}(B)={\det }^{u}(g_{2}^{-1}Bg_{1})={\det }^{u}(g_{1}){\det }^{-u}(g_{2}){\det }^{u}(B)} 527:{\displaystyle \bigoplus _{\alpha \in Q_{1}}\operatorname {Hom} _{k}(k^{\mathbf {d} (s(\alpha ))},k^{\mathbf {d} (t(\alpha ))})} 3025: 1084: 99: 2241: 2168: 1851: 3020: 34: 3015: 44: 38: 30: 2903: 390:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Rep} (Q,\mathbf {d} ):=\{V\in \operatorname {Rep} (Q):V_{i}=\mathbf {d} (i)\}} 1607:{\displaystyle SI(Q,\mathbf {d} )=\bigoplus _{\sigma \in \mathbb {Z} ^{Q_{0}}}SI(Q,\mathbf {d} )_{\sigma }} 2518: 55: 1223: 261: 233: 87: 2302: 271: 170: 2995: 1194: 2938:"A classification of irreducible prehomogeneous vector spaces and their relative invariants." 2979: 2949: 2915: 2873:{\displaystyle SI(Q,\mathbf {d} )={\frac {k}{D_{1,2}D_{3,4}+D_{1,4}D_{2,3}-D_{1,3}D_{2,4}}}} 2991: 2963: 2929: 2452:
Skowronski–Weyman provided a geometric characterization of the class of tame quivers (i.e.
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Furthermore, we have an interpretation for the generators of this polynomial algebra. Let
210: 855: 570: 232:. They form a ring whose structure reflects representation-theoretical properties of the 2510: 2476: 2472: 2457: 2453: 2253: 2233: 1475:-dimensional semi-simple representation, therefore any invariant function is constant. 3009: 2999: 2390:
s are arranged in increasing order with respect to the codimension so that the first
1452:{\displaystyle \det(A-t\mathbb {I} )=t^{n}-c_{1}(A)t^{n-1}+\cdots +(-1)^{n}c_{n}(A)} 2904:"Semi-invariants of quivers and saturation for Littlewood–Richardson coefficients." 2889: 2970:
Skowronski, A.; Weyman, J. (2000), "The algebras of semi-invariants of quivers.",
2920: 2937: 163:) are, respectively, the starting and the ending vertices of α. Given an element 2954: 2162:
The ring of semi-invariants equals the polynomial ring generated by det, i.e.
1506:), with a richer structure called ring of semi-invariants. It decomposes as 2260:
a dimension vector. Let Σ be the set of weights σ such that there exists
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Such affine variety is endowed with an action of the algebraic group GL(
2983: 2437:) consisting of invertible matrices. Then we immediately recover SI(Q,( 2244:. Sato and Kimura described the ring of semi-invariants in such case. 2228:
Characterization of representation type through semi-invariant theory
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non-zero and irreducible. Then the following properties hold true.
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Let Q be a finite connected quiver. The following are equivalent:
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Elements which are invariants with respect to the subgroup SL(
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For quivers of finite representation-type, that is to say
2604:). Such functions generate the ring of semi-invariants: 1318:), as the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial 1217:) is given by usual conjugation. The invariant ring is 1167:{\displaystyle I(Q,\mathbf {d} ):=k^{GL(\mathbf {d} )}} 1471:
has a unique closed orbit corresponding to the unique
2613: 2305: 2171: 1960: 1854: 1626: 1515: 1327: 1226: 1087: 853: 568: 418: 303: 274: 173: 2501:) is either a polynomial algebra or a hypersurface. 2240:
admits an open dense orbit. In other words, it is a
2299:ii) All weights in Σ are linearly independent over 1911:is congruent to the set of square matrices of size 1467:In case Q has neither loops nor cycles the variety 2872: 2381:is closed and irreducible. We can assume that the 2313: 2216: 2151: 1884: 1812: 1606: 1451: 1290: 1166: 1030: 810: 526: 389: 282: 181: 840:We have an induced action on the coordinate ring 709: 652: 2217:{\displaystyle {\mathsf {SI}}(Q,\mathbf {d} )=k} 2208: 2130: 2099: 2071: 2019: 1995: 1885:{\displaystyle 1{\xrightarrow {\ \ \alpha \ }}2} 1739: 1328: 189:, the set of representations of Q with dim  43:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks 559:)) by simultaneous base change on each vertex: 2398:is the zero-set of the irreducible polynomial 209:It is naturally endowed with an action of the 409:this can be identified with the vector space 8: 1804: 1660: 384: 330: 1054:is called an invariant (with respect to GL( 2328:) is the polynomial ring generated by the 2953: 2919: 2855: 2839: 2820: 2804: 2785: 2769: 2748: 2729: 2710: 2691: 2672: 2653: 2640: 2629: 2612: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2191: 2173: 2172: 2170: 2134: 2129: 2119: 2103: 2098: 2088: 2075: 2070: 2057: 2041: 2036: 2023: 2018: 1999: 1994: 1981: 1968: 1959: 1858: 1853: 1796: 1764: 1759: 1749: 1731: 1720: 1690: 1651: 1642: 1625: 1598: 1589: 1564: 1559: 1555: 1554: 1546: 1531: 1514: 1434: 1424: 1390: 1371: 1358: 1344: 1343: 1326: 1279: 1260: 1239: 1225: 1154: 1144: 1132: 1100: 1086: 1006: 938: 899: 867: 854: 852: 833:) are isomorphic if and only if their GL( 792: 778: 741: 728: 708: 707: 683: 664: 651: 650: 638: 608: 582: 569: 567: 496: 495: 463: 462: 446: 434: 423: 417: 370: 361: 319: 302: 294:-dimensional representations is given by 276: 275: 273: 175: 174: 172: 74:Learn how and when to remove this message 1833:is called semi-invariant of weight  400:Once fixed bases for each vector space 2421:In the example above the action of GL( 2177: 2174: 7: 1291:{\displaystyle I(Q,\mathbf {d} )=k} 1943:)) is a semi-invariant of weight ( 1778: 1209:) the representation space is End( 14: 2280:i) For every weight σ we have dim 1923:). The function defined, for any 2902:Derksen, H.; Weyman, J. (2000), 2630: 2537:can be identified with a 4-ple ( 2517: 2192: 1797: 1691: 1643: 1590: 1532: 1240: 1193: 1155: 1133: 1101: 939: 900: 868: 639: 609: 583: 497: 464: 371: 320: 111:to each vertex and a linear map 20: 2493:iii) For each dimension vector 2460:) in terms of semi-invariants. 2760: 2646: 2634: 2620: 2482:ii) For each dimension vector 2211: 2205: 2196: 2182: 2146: 2140: 2125: 2112: 2094: 2081: 2063: 2029: 2011: 2005: 1987: 1961: 1801: 1793: 1756: 1742: 1698: 1695: 1681: 1672: 1648: 1633: 1595: 1580: 1536: 1522: 1446: 1440: 1421: 1411: 1383: 1377: 1348: 1331: 1285: 1253: 1244: 1230: 1189:Consider the 1-loop quiver Q: 1177:is in general a subalgebra of 1159: 1151: 1141: 1137: 1123: 1114: 1105: 1091: 1021: 999: 990: 984: 970: 965: 953: 946: 943: 929: 920: 912: 907: 904: 890: 881: 872: 864: 801: 788: 782: 768: 762: 751: 745: 721: 716: 704: 701: 695: 676: 670: 657: 643: 629: 618: 613: 599: 587: 579: 521: 516: 513: 507: 501: 483: 480: 474: 468: 455: 381: 375: 351: 345: 324: 310: 264:. Consider a dimension vector 206:has a vector space structure. 1: 2936:Sato, M.; Kimura, T. (1977), 2921:10.1090/S0894-0347-00-00331-3 2582:the function defined on each 1823:A function belonging to SI(Q, 2490:) is complete intersection. 2314:{\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} } 283:{\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } 182:{\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } 102:of Q assigns a vector space 3042: 2529:= (1,1,1,1,2). An element 2525:Pick the dimension vector 2394:have codimension one and Z 2242:prehomogenous vector space 821:By definition two modules 2955:10.1017/S0027763000017633 2464:Skowronski–Weyman theorem 1078:). The set of invariants 2348:be the open orbit, then 268:, that is an element in 90:Q with set of vertices Q 86:In mathematics, given a 29:This article includes a 2429:) has an open orbit on 1845:Consider the quiver Q: 1310:s are defined, for any 1213:) and the action of GL( 58:more precise citations. 2874: 2315: 2218: 2153: 1886: 1814: 1608: 1453: 1292: 1168: 1032: 812: 528: 391: 284: 183: 3026:Representation theory 2875: 2316: 2219: 2154: 1887: 1815: 1609: 1502:)) form a ring, SI(Q, 1454: 1293: 1169: 1042:Polynomial invariants 1033: 813: 529: 392: 285: 184: 2611: 2303: 2169: 1958: 1852: 1624: 1513: 1325: 1224: 1085: 851: 566: 416: 301: 272: 171: 2908:J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2497:, the algebra SI(Q, 2486:, the algebra SI(Q, 2248:Sato–Kimura theorem 2236:, the vector space 2049: 1876: 837:)-orbits coincide. 800: 94:and set of arrows Q 2984:10.1007/bf01234798 2870: 2311: 2214: 2149: 2032: 1882: 1810: 1738: 1604: 1573: 1449: 1288: 1164: 1028: 1026: 808: 806: 774: 524: 441: 387: 280: 179: 31:list of references 2972:Transform. Groups 2868: 2565:) of matrices in 2471:i) Q is either a 2458:Euclidean quivers 1877: 1875: 1869: 1866: 1716: 1542: 419: 143:)) to each arrow 84: 83: 76: 3033: 3021:Invariant theory 3002: 2966: 2957: 2932: 2923: 2879: 2877: 2876: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2866: 2865: 2850: 2849: 2831: 2830: 2815: 2814: 2796: 2795: 2780: 2779: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2740: 2739: 2721: 2720: 2702: 2701: 2683: 2682: 2664: 2663: 2641: 2633: 2521: 2511:Euclidean quiver 2477:Euclidean quiver 2320: 2318: 2317: 2312: 2310: 2223: 2221: 2220: 2215: 2195: 2181: 2180: 2158: 2156: 2155: 2150: 2139: 2138: 2133: 2124: 2123: 2111: 2110: 2102: 2093: 2092: 2080: 2079: 2074: 2062: 2061: 2048: 2040: 2028: 2027: 2022: 2004: 2003: 1998: 1986: 1985: 1973: 1972: 1907:). In this case 1891: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1867: 1864: 1859: 1819: 1817: 1816: 1811: 1800: 1771: 1770: 1769: 1768: 1754: 1753: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1694: 1656: 1655: 1646: 1613: 1611: 1610: 1605: 1603: 1602: 1593: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1568: 1558: 1535: 1458: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1439: 1438: 1429: 1428: 1401: 1400: 1376: 1375: 1363: 1362: 1347: 1297: 1295: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1283: 1265: 1264: 1243: 1197: 1173: 1171: 1170: 1165: 1163: 1162: 1158: 1136: 1104: 1037: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1027: 1014: 1013: 942: 903: 871: 817: 815: 814: 809: 807: 799: 791: 755: 754: 733: 732: 713: 712: 688: 687: 669: 668: 656: 655: 642: 612: 586: 533: 531: 530: 525: 520: 519: 500: 487: 486: 467: 451: 450: 440: 439: 438: 396: 394: 393: 388: 374: 366: 365: 323: 289: 287: 286: 281: 279: 188: 186: 185: 180: 178: 79: 72: 68: 65: 59: 54:this article by 45:inline citations 24: 23: 16: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3032: 3031: 3030: 3016:Directed graphs 3006: 3005: 2969: 2942:Nagoya Math. J. 2935: 2914:(13): 467–479, 2901: 2898: 2886: 2851: 2835: 2816: 2800: 2781: 2765: 2764: 2744: 2725: 2706: 2687: 2668: 2649: 2642: 2609: 2608: 2603: 2594: 2581: 2564: 2557: 2550: 2543: 2507: 2466: 2419: 2404: 2397: 2389: 2380: 2371: 2362: 2336: 2301: 2300: 2295: 2285: 2276: 2268: 2250: 2230: 2167: 2166: 2128: 2115: 2097: 2084: 2069: 2053: 2017: 1993: 1977: 1964: 1956: 1955: 1850: 1849: 1843: 1832: 1760: 1755: 1745: 1727: 1647: 1622: 1621: 1594: 1560: 1553: 1511: 1510: 1493: 1491: 1465: 1463:Semi-invariants 1430: 1420: 1386: 1367: 1354: 1323: 1322: 1309: 1275: 1256: 1222: 1221: 1187: 1140: 1083: 1082: 1044: 1025: 1024: 1002: 973: 968: 950: 949: 915: 910: 849: 848: 805: 804: 737: 724: 719: 714: 679: 660: 647: 646: 621: 616: 564: 563: 550: 549: 491: 458: 442: 430: 414: 413: 408: 357: 299: 298: 270: 269: 251: 247: 242: 230:semi-invariants 219: 218: 211:algebraic group 197: 169: 168: 110: 97: 93: 80: 69: 63: 60: 49: 35:related reading 25: 21: 12: 11: 5: 3039: 3037: 3029: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3008: 3007: 3004: 3003: 2978:(4): 361–402, 2967: 2933: 2897: 2894: 2893: 2892: 2885: 2882: 2881: 2880: 2864: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2848: 2845: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2819: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2768: 2762: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2639: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2599: 2590: 2573: 2562: 2555: 2548: 2541: 2523: 2522: 2506: 2503: 2465: 2462: 2418: 2415: 2402: 2395: 2385: 2376: 2367: 2360: 2332: 2309: 2291: 2281: 2274: 2264: 2249: 2246: 2234:Dynkin quivers 2229: 2226: 2225: 2224: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2179: 2176: 2160: 2159: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2109: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2065: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2047: 2044: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1989: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1893: 1892: 1881: 1872: 1862: 1857: 1842: 1839: 1828: 1821: 1820: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1767: 1763: 1758: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1741: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1654: 1650: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1615: 1614: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1567: 1563: 1557: 1552: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1489: 1483: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1437: 1433: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1305: 1299: 1298: 1287: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1199: 1198: 1186: 1183: 1175: 1174: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1023: 1020: 1017: 1012: 1009: 1005: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 989: 986: 983: 980: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 961: 958: 955: 952: 951: 948: 945: 941: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 902: 898: 895: 892: 889: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 870: 866: 863: 860: 857: 856: 819: 818: 803: 798: 795: 790: 787: 784: 781: 777: 773: 770: 767: 764: 761: 758: 753: 750: 747: 744: 740: 736: 731: 727: 723: 720: 718: 715: 711: 706: 703: 700: 697: 694: 691: 686: 682: 678: 675: 672: 667: 663: 659: 654: 649: 648: 645: 641: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 611: 607: 604: 601: 598: 595: 592: 589: 585: 581: 578: 575: 572: 571: 547: 542: 535: 534: 523: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 499: 494: 490: 485: 482: 479: 476: 473: 470: 466: 461: 457: 454: 449: 445: 437: 433: 429: 426: 422: 404: 398: 397: 386: 383: 380: 377: 373: 369: 364: 360: 356: 353: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 332: 329: 326: 322: 318: 315: 312: 309: 306: 278: 249: 245: 241: 238: 216: 214: 193: 177: 106: 100:representation 95: 91: 82: 81: 39:external links 28: 26: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3038: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2931: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2862: 2859: 2856: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2824: 2821: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2782: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2650: 2643: 2637: 2626: 2623: 2617: 2614: 2607: 2606: 2605: 2602: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2568: 2561: 2554: 2547: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2520: 2516: 2515: 2514: 2512: 2509:Consider the 2504: 2502: 2500: 2496: 2491: 2489: 2485: 2480: 2478: 2474: 2473:Dynkin quiver 2469: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2450: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2408: 2401: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2342: 2340: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2322: 2297: 2294: 2289: 2284: 2278: 2272: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2254:Dynkin quiver 2247: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2227: 2202: 2199: 2188: 2185: 2165: 2164: 2163: 2143: 2135: 2120: 2116: 2107: 2104: 2089: 2085: 2076: 2066: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2042: 2037: 2033: 2024: 2014: 2008: 2000: 1990: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1969: 1965: 1954: 1953: 1952: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1879: 1870: 1860: 1855: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1840: 1838: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1807: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1775: 1772: 1765: 1761: 1750: 1746: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1687: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1657: 1652: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1627: 1620: 1619: 1618: 1599: 1586: 1583: 1577: 1574: 1565: 1561: 1550: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1528: 1525: 1519: 1516: 1509: 1508: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1487: 1481: 1476: 1474: 1470: 1462: 1443: 1435: 1431: 1425: 1417: 1414: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1387: 1380: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1321: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1313: 1308: 1304: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1261: 1257: 1250: 1247: 1236: 1233: 1227: 1220: 1219: 1218: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1196: 1192: 1191: 1190: 1184: 1182: 1180: 1148: 1145: 1129: 1126: 1120: 1117: 1111: 1108: 1097: 1094: 1088: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1041: 1018: 1015: 1010: 1007: 1003: 996: 993: 987: 981: 978: 975: 962: 959: 956: 935: 932: 926: 923: 917: 896: 893: 887: 884: 878: 875: 861: 858: 847: 846: 845: 844:by defining: 843: 838: 836: 832: 828: 824: 796: 793: 785: 779: 775: 771: 765: 759: 756: 748: 742: 738: 734: 729: 725: 698: 692: 689: 684: 680: 673: 665: 661: 635: 632: 626: 623: 605: 602: 596: 593: 590: 576: 573: 562: 561: 560: 558: 554: 545: 540: 510: 504: 492: 488: 477: 471: 459: 452: 447: 443: 435: 431: 427: 424: 420: 412: 411: 410: 407: 403: 378: 367: 362: 358: 354: 348: 342: 339: 336: 333: 327: 316: 313: 307: 304: 297: 296: 295: 293: 290:. The set of 267: 263: 259: 255: 239: 237: 235: 231: 227: 223: 212: 207: 205: 202:(i) for each 201: 196: 192: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 109: 105: 101: 89: 78: 75: 67: 57: 53: 47: 46: 40: 36: 32: 27: 18: 17: 2975: 2971: 2945: 2941: 2911: 2907: 2890:Wild problem 2600: 2596: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2569:(1,2). Call 2566: 2559: 2552: 2545: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2524: 2508: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2487: 2483: 2481: 2470: 2467: 2451: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2420: 2410: 2406: 2405:, then SI(Q, 2399: 2391: 2386: 2382: 2377: 2373: 2368: 2364: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2323: 2298: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2279: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2251: 2237: 2231: 2161: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1894: 1844: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1822: 1616: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1485: 1479: 1477: 1472: 1468: 1466: 1315: 1311: 1306: 1302: 1300: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1200: 1188: 1178: 1176: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1045: 841: 839: 834: 830: 826: 822: 820: 556: 552: 543: 538: 536: 405: 401: 399: 291: 265: 257: 253: 243: 229: 225: 221: 208: 203: 199: 194: 190: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 107: 103: 85: 70: 61: 50:Please help 42: 2372:where each 2252:Let Q be a 1482:) := Π 1046:An element 541:) := Π 240:Definitions 56:introducing 3010:Categories 2896:References 2324:iii) SI(Q, 1951:) in fact 1935:), as det( 1301:where the 244:Let Q = (Q 3000:120708005 2948:: 1–155, 2833:− 2105:− 2043:− 1991:⋅ 1871:α 1785:∈ 1779:∀ 1762:σ 1725:∈ 1718:∏ 1708:⋅ 1679:⁡ 1667:∈ 1653:σ 1600:σ 1551:∈ 1548:σ 1544:⨁ 1415:− 1406:⋯ 1395:− 1365:− 1338:− 1270:… 1121:⁡ 1019:− 1008:− 988:− 979:⋅ 971:⟼ 927:⁡ 913:⟶ 888:⁡ 876:× 794:− 786:α 772:⋅ 766:α 757:⋅ 749:α 717:⟼ 699:α 627:⁡ 619:⟶ 597:⁡ 591:× 511:α 478:α 453:⁡ 428:∈ 425:α 421:⨁ 343:⁡ 337:∈ 308:⁡ 64:June 2020 2884:See also 2363:∪ ... ∪ 1861:→ 1070:for any 829:∈ Rep(Q, 147:, where 2992:1800533 2964:0430336 2930:1758750 2586:as det( 2505:Example 2417:Example 2269:∈ SI(Q, 1841:Example 1185:Example 260:) be a 52:improve 2998:  2990:  2962:  2928:  2454:Dynkin 1874:  1868:  1865:  1617:where 1314:∈ End( 1058:)) if 262:quiver 234:quiver 88:quiver 2996:S2CID 2475:or a 2445:)) = 2341:∈ Σ. 2296:≤ 1. 2286:SI(Q, 1074:∈ GL( 131:)) → 37:, or 2456:and 2409:) = 2337:'s, 1895:Fix 1201:For 98:, a 2980:doi 2950:doi 2916:doi 2513:Q: 2209:det 2131:det 2100:det 2072:det 2020:det 1996:det 1899:= ( 1740:det 1676:Rep 1494:SL( 1488:∈ Q 1329:det 1205:= ( 1118:Rep 924:Rep 885:Rep 624:Rep 594:Rep 551:GL( 546:∈ Q 444:Hom 340:Rep 305:Rep 220:GL( 215:i∈Q 155:), 119:): 3012:: 2994:, 2988:MR 2986:, 2974:, 2960:MR 2958:, 2946:65 2944:, 2940:, 2926:MR 2924:, 2910:, 2906:, 2558:, 2551:, 2544:, 2533:∈ 2479:. 2449:. 2413:. 2356:= 2352:\ 2321:. 2256:, 1947:,− 1927:∈ 1915:: 1837:. 1658::= 1181:. 1109::= 1066:= 1050:∈ 994::= 328::= 248:,Q 236:. 198:= 167:∈ 41:, 33:, 2982:: 2976:5 2952:: 2918:: 2912:3 2863:4 2860:, 2857:2 2853:D 2847:3 2844:, 2841:1 2837:D 2828:3 2825:, 2822:2 2818:D 2812:4 2809:, 2806:1 2802:D 2798:+ 2793:4 2790:, 2787:3 2783:D 2777:2 2774:, 2771:1 2767:D 2761:] 2756:4 2753:, 2750:2 2746:D 2742:, 2737:3 2734:, 2731:1 2727:D 2723:, 2718:3 2715:, 2712:2 2708:D 2704:, 2699:4 2696:, 2693:1 2689:D 2685:, 2680:4 2677:, 2674:3 2670:D 2666:, 2661:2 2658:, 2655:1 2651:D 2647:[ 2644:k 2638:= 2635:) 2631:d 2627:, 2624:Q 2621:( 2618:I 2615:S 2601:j 2597:A 2595:, 2592:i 2588:A 2584:V 2579:j 2577:, 2575:i 2571:D 2567:M 2563:4 2560:A 2556:3 2553:A 2549:2 2546:A 2542:1 2539:A 2535:k 2531:V 2527:d 2499:d 2495:d 2488:d 2484:d 2447:k 2443:n 2441:, 2439:n 2435:n 2433:( 2431:M 2427:n 2425:, 2423:n 2411:k 2407:d 2403:1 2400:f 2396:i 2392:l 2387:i 2383:Z 2378:i 2374:Z 2369:t 2365:Z 2361:1 2358:Z 2354:O 2350:k 2346:O 2339:σ 2334:σ 2330:f 2326:d 2308:Q 2293:σ 2290:) 2288:d 2283:k 2275:σ 2273:) 2271:d 2266:σ 2262:f 2258:d 2238:k 2212:] 2206:[ 2203:k 2200:= 2197:) 2193:d 2189:, 2186:Q 2183:( 2178:I 2175:S 2147:) 2144:B 2141:( 2136:u 2126:) 2121:2 2117:g 2113:( 2108:u 2095:) 2090:1 2086:g 2082:( 2077:u 2067:= 2064:) 2059:1 2055:g 2051:B 2046:1 2038:2 2034:g 2030:( 2025:u 2015:= 2012:) 2009:B 2006:( 2001:u 1988:) 1983:2 1979:g 1975:, 1970:1 1966:g 1962:( 1949:u 1945:u 1941:α 1939:( 1937:B 1933:n 1931:( 1929:M 1925:B 1921:n 1919:( 1917:M 1913:n 1909:k 1905:n 1903:, 1901:n 1897:d 1880:2 1856:1 1835:σ 1830:σ 1827:) 1825:d 1808:. 1805:} 1802:) 1798:d 1794:( 1791:L 1788:G 1782:g 1776:, 1773:f 1766:i 1757:) 1751:i 1747:g 1743:( 1733:0 1729:Q 1722:i 1714:= 1711:f 1705:g 1702:: 1699:] 1696:) 1692:d 1688:, 1685:Q 1682:( 1673:[ 1670:k 1664:f 1661:{ 1649:) 1644:d 1640:, 1637:Q 1634:( 1631:I 1628:S 1596:) 1591:d 1587:, 1584:Q 1581:( 1578:I 1575:S 1566:0 1562:Q 1556:Z 1540:= 1537:) 1533:d 1529:, 1526:Q 1523:( 1520:I 1517:S 1504:d 1500:i 1498:( 1496:d 1492:} 1490:0 1486:i 1484:{ 1480:d 1473:d 1469:k 1447:) 1444:A 1441:( 1436:n 1432:c 1426:n 1422:) 1418:1 1412:( 1409:+ 1403:+ 1398:1 1392:n 1388:t 1384:) 1381:A 1378:( 1373:1 1369:c 1360:n 1356:t 1352:= 1349:) 1345:I 1341:t 1335:A 1332:( 1316:k 1312:A 1307:i 1303:c 1286:] 1281:n 1277:c 1273:, 1267:, 1262:1 1258:c 1254:[ 1251:k 1248:= 1245:) 1241:d 1237:, 1234:Q 1231:( 1228:I 1215:n 1211:k 1207:n 1203:d 1179:k 1160:) 1156:d 1152:( 1149:L 1146:G 1142:] 1138:) 1134:d 1130:, 1127:Q 1124:( 1115:[ 1112:k 1106:) 1102:d 1098:, 1095:Q 1092:( 1089:I 1076:d 1072:g 1068:f 1064:f 1062:⋅ 1060:g 1056:d 1052:k 1048:f 1022:) 1016:. 1011:1 1004:g 1000:( 997:f 991:) 985:( 982:f 976:g 966:) 963:f 960:, 957:g 954:( 947:] 944:) 940:d 936:, 933:Q 930:( 921:[ 918:k 908:] 905:) 901:d 897:, 894:Q 891:( 882:[ 879:k 873:) 869:d 865:( 862:L 859:G 842:k 835:d 831:d 827:N 825:, 823:M 802:) 797:1 789:) 783:( 780:s 776:g 769:) 763:( 760:V 752:) 746:( 743:t 739:g 735:, 730:i 726:V 722:( 710:) 705:) 702:) 696:( 693:V 690:, 685:i 681:V 677:( 674:, 671:) 666:i 662:g 658:( 653:( 644:) 640:d 636:, 633:Q 630:( 614:) 610:d 606:, 603:Q 600:( 588:) 584:d 580:( 577:L 574:G 557:i 555:( 553:d 548:0 544:i 539:d 522:) 517:) 514:) 508:( 505:t 502:( 498:d 493:k 489:, 484:) 481:) 475:( 472:s 469:( 465:d 460:k 456:( 448:k 436:1 432:Q 406:i 402:V 385:} 382:) 379:i 376:( 372:d 368:= 363:i 359:V 355:: 352:) 349:Q 346:( 334:V 331:{ 325:) 321:d 317:, 314:Q 311:( 292:d 277:N 266:d 258:t 256:, 254:s 252:, 250:1 246:0 226:i 224:( 222:d 217:0 213:Π 204:i 200:d 195:i 191:V 176:N 165:d 161:α 159:( 157:t 153:α 151:( 149:s 145:α 141:α 139:( 137:t 135:( 133:V 129:α 127:( 125:s 123:( 121:V 117:α 115:( 113:V 108:i 104:V 96:1 92:0 77:) 71:( 66:) 62:( 48:.

Index

list of references
related reading
external links
inline citations
improve
introducing
Learn how and when to remove this message
quiver
representation
algebraic group
quiver
quiver
1-loop quiver
Dynkin quivers
prehomogenous vector space
Dynkin quiver
Dynkin
Euclidean quivers
Dynkin quiver
Euclidean quiver
Euclidean quiver
4-subspace quiver
Wild problem
"Semi-invariants of quivers and saturation for Littlewood–Richardson coefficients."
doi
10.1090/S0894-0347-00-00331-3
MR
1758750
"A classification of irreducible prehomogeneous vector spaces and their relative invariants."
doi

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