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During
February, the wildebeest are on the short grass plains of the southeast part of the ecosystem, grazing and giving birth to approximately 500,000 calves in 2 to 3 weeks. Few calves are born ahead of time and of these, hardly any survive, largely because very young calves are more noticeable to
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Altitudes in the
Serengeti range from 920 to 1,850 metres (3,020 to 6,070 ft) with mean temperatures varying from 15 to 25 °C (59 to 77 °F). Although the climate is usually warm and dry, rainfall occurs in two rainy seasons: March to May, and a shorter season in October and November.
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are relatively scarce in much of the
Serengeti. This is particularly true in places such as Serengeti National Park (where they became extinct in 1992), in which lions and spotted hyenas, predators that steal wild dog kills and are a direct cause of wild dog mortality, are abundant.
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maintain a number of protected areas, including national parks, conservation areas, and game reserves, that give legal protection to over 80 percent of the
Serengeti. Despite this, the ecosystem is now just 60 per cent of its original size, due to human encroachment.
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reserve in Kenya. This migration is naturally caused by the availability of grazing. The initial phase lasts from about
January to March, when the calving season begins – a time when there is plenty of rain-ripened grass available for the 260,000
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move only east/west. In early
November, with the start of the short rains, the migration starts moving south again, to the short grass plains of the southeast, usually arriving in December in plenty of time for calving in February.
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rivers beginning in July are a popular safari attraction because crocodiles are lying in wait. The herds arrive in Kenya in late July / August, where they stay for the rest of the dry season, except that the
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The
Serengeti has some of East Africa's finest game areas. Besides being known for the great migration, the Serengeti is also famous for its abundant large predators. The ecosystem is home to over 3,000
353:
populations had recovered and were increasingly cropping the grass, reducing the amount of fuel available for fires. The reduced intensity of fires has allowed acacia to once again become established.
524:. The Serengeti can support this remarkable variety of grazers only because each species, even those closely related, has a different diet. For example, wildebeests prefer to consume shorter
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Rainfall amounts vary from a low of 508 millimetres (20 in) in the lee of the
Ngorongoro highlands to a high of 1,200 millimetres (47 in) on the shores of Lake Victoria.
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woodlands, caused by a change in geology. This area has the highest rainfall in the system and forms a refuge for the migrating ungulates at the end of the dry season.
334:(a bovine viral disease) then wiped out the cattle which were their possessions. Later in the 20th century the Tanzanian government re-settled the Maasai around the
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have roamed freely across the vast rolling plains of the
Serengeti, which was sparsely inhabited by humans. This changed when nomadic pastoralists of the
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predators when mixed with older calves from the previous year. As the rains end in May, the animals start moving northwest into the areas around the
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Leslea J. Hlusko; Whitney B. Reiner; Jackson K. Njau (8 June 2015). "A one-million-year-old hominid distal ulna from
Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania".
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in southwestern Kenya, a total of 800 kilometres (500 mi). Death is usually from thirst, hunger, exhaustion, or predation, including by
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vaccination programmes for domestic dogs in the Serengeti have not only indirectly prevented hundreds of human deaths, but also protected
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of the southern Serengeti in Tanzania and loops clockwise through the Serengeti National Park and north towards the
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population and is one of the best places to observe prides in their natural environment. Approximately 70 large
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species are found there. This high diversity is a function of diverse habitats, including riverine forests,
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within the region includes approximately 30,000 km (12,000 sq mi) of land, including the
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Sinclair, A. R. E.; Mduma, S. A.; Hopcraft, J. G.; Fryxell, J. M.; Hilborn, R.; Thirgood, S. (2007),
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above the Serengeti"; Kilimanjaro is actually located hundreds of miles to the east of the Serengeti.
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In 1993, soft rock artist Dan Fogelberg recorded a song titled "Serengeti Moon" for his studio album
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629:. It is an African-themed love song about a couple making love underneath the Serengeti moon.
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Map of Tanzania showing the country's national parks, including the Serengeti National Park.
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However, the Maasai were struck by drought and disease. Thousands died in the 1880s from a
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1181:. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – World Heritage Centre
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and the following hundreds of thousands of other plains game, including around 470,000
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included the track "Serengetti", an instrumental dual drum solo, on their 1978 album
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1131:"The Great Annual Wildlife Migration – The Great Migration of Wildebeest and Zebra"
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The name "Serengeti" is often said to be derived from the word "seringit" in the
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1092:"The Great Wildebeest Migration: Exploring Africa's biggest wildlife phenomenon"
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1517:"Long-Term Ecosystem Dynamics in the Serengeti: Lessons for Conservation"
1287:"Cheetahs on the Edge - Pictures, More From National Geographic Magazine"
667:, includes a reference to the Serengeti. The song inaccurately describes
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populations now prevented any significant human settlement in the area.
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Northern Tanzania: The Bradt Safari Guide with Kilimanjaro and Zanzibar
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About 250,000 wildebeest die during the journey from Tanzania to the
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231:(in terms of total body weight), which helps secure it as one of the
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1402:"'Serengeti Shall Not Die': Transforming an Ambition into a Reality"
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Serengeti II: Dynamics, Management, and Conservation of an Ecosystem
650:
series, chronicles the life of some of the animals in the Serengeti.
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Since the 1970s, each year around the same time, the circular great
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In the far northwest, acacia woodlands are replaced by broadleaved
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Sinclair, A. R. E.; Mduma, Simon A. R.; Fryxell, John M. (2008),
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1065:. British Veterinary Association. September 2008. Archived from
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The Serengeti is also home to a diversity of grazers, including
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239:
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1025:
Sinclair, Anthony Ronald Entrican; Arcese, Peter, eds. (1995).
1639:"Serengeti review – the Made in Chelsea of nature documentary"
756:"The Serengeti: Plain Facts about National Park & Animals"
647:
166:
25:
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Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
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Wildebeest crossing the river during the Serengeti migration.
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are some of the commonly found large mammals in the region.
940:. National Geographic Magazine. 29 June 2012. Archived from
808:"The Serengeti Migration | Seven Natural Wonders of Africa"
227:. The Serengeti hosts the world's most massive land animal
187:
181:
169:
178:
2446:
List of countries where Arabic is an official language
1200:
Croze, Harvey; Mari, Carlo; Estes, Richard D. (2000).
1442:"Being a responsible safari tourist - Horizon Guides"
636:
recorded a song titled "Serengeti" on his 1994 album
196:
172:
163:
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1495:, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, p. 11,
1317:"Mpala Live! Field Guide: Spotted Hyena | MpalaLive"
571:, floodplains have developed from ancient lakebeds.
184:
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1493:Serengeti III: Human Impacts on Ecosystem Dynamics
138:silhouetted by the setting sun near Seronera Camp.
989:Morell, Virginia (1997), "Return of the Forest",
316:began to migrate to the area in the early 1800s.
1031:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 73–76.
918:Payne, Doris L.; Ole-Kotikash, Leonard (eds.).
1467:"Travellers' guide to Serengeti_National_Park"
1124:
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836:. Global Travel Publishers Inc. p. 356.
238:The Serengeti is also renowned for its large
8:
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296:, meaning "endless plains". However, this
211:, spanning the Mara and Arusha Regions of
1604:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1417:
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1696:Tanzania National Parks Official Website
1400:Kideghesho, Jafari R. (September 2010).
934:"Serengeti, Heartbreak on the Serengeti"
589:Lioness on a kopje, or rock outcropping.
905:Archives & Reprint Series (Imprint)
743:
540:eat the leaves that are higher up, and
1368:"African Wild Dogs, True Best Friends"
1108:
1097:
793:"14 of the Greatest Animal Migrations"
2491:Portuguese-speaking African countries
1157:"How to Get There, Ngorongoro Crater"
661:, originally released on their album
475:, and 7,700 to 8,700 spotted hyenas (
300:does not appear in Maa dictionaries.
7:
879:, Bradt Travel Guides, p. 198,
754:Zimmermann, Kim Ann (23 June 2017).
749:
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54:adding citations to reliable sources
1637:Nicholson, Rebecca (4 July 2019).
1366:Angier, Natalie (11 August 2014).
1159:. Ngorongoro Crater Tanzania. 2013
532:prefer taller grasses. Similarly,
14:
2589:Geography of Rift Valley Province
773:Schmaltz, Jeff (9 January 2006).
536:eat the lowest leaves of a tree,
349:By the mid-1970s, wildebeest and
1544:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00699.x
1225:Partridge, Frank (20 May 2006).
727:List of topics related to Africa
711:
697:
544:eat leaves that are even higher.
285:The Serengeti also contains the
156:
30:
834:Africa's Top Wildlife Countries
486:are also present in Serengeti.
462:River and the Serengeti plains.
364:species such as the endangered
233:Seven Natural Wonders of Africa
41:needs additional citations for
16:Geographical region in Tanzania
2326:Guinean Forests of West Africa
1179:"Ngorongoro Conservation Area"
551:Giraffes in Eastern Serengeti.
1:
2594:Serengeti volcanic grasslands
2341:Guinean forest-savanna mosaic
1838:Cameroonian Highlands forests
1581:"The Serengeti National Park"
1406:Tropical Conservation Science
1060:"Trevor Blackburn Award 2008"
1005:10.1126/science.278.5346.2059
806:Sharaf, Yasir (4 June 2017).
597:The area is also home to the
209:geographical region in Africa
2466:Middle East and North Africa
1923:East African montane forests
657:" by the American rock band
640:with vocals by Ernie Nelson.
599:Ngorongoro Conservation Area
444:Maasai Mara National Reserve
398:Ngorongoro Conservation Area
1262:, Harry N. Abrams, p.
1202:Serengeti's Great Migration
1133:. About.com. Archived from
678:The American rock band the
609:, where some of the oldest
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2579:Geography of Arusha Region
1419:10.1177/194008291000300301
1291:ngm.nationalgeographic.com
1259:Africa's Great Rift Valley
969:World History Encyclopedia
899:Richmond, Charles (1940).
356:In the 21st century, mass
21:Serengeti (disambiguation)
18:
2236:Indian Ocean coastal belt
920:"Maa (Maasai) Dictionary"
862:rutastanzania.viajes - ES
409:that precede 1.7 million
2574:Geography of Mara Region
1231:The Independent (London)
875:Briggs, Phillip (2006),
396:migration begins in the
2559:Afrotropical ecoregions
2436:Guineo-Congolian region
221:Serengeti National Park
2569:Grasslands of Tanzania
1342:"Cheetahs in Tanzania"
1256:Pavitt, Nigel (2001),
1107:Cite journal requires
864:(in European Spanish).
832:Nolting, Mark (2012).
590:
552:
463:
389:
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2378:West Sudanian savanna
2336:Lower Guinean forests
2331:Upper Guinean forests
2246:Cape Floristic Region
2109:Cataracts of the Nile
1928:Eastern Arc Mountains
1848:Congolian rainforests
1843:East Sudanian savanna
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461:
387:
380:Migrating wildebeest.
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2032:Zanzibar Archipelago
2000:Indian Ocean islands
1724:2.33083°S 34.83333°E
1701:History of Serengeti
1691:Serengeti Eco System
1524:Conservation Biology
484:East African cheetah
294:Maasai language, Maa
50:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
2554:Grasslands of Kenya
2451:Mediterranean Basin
2431:Greater Middle East
1968:Ethiopian Highlands
1876:African Great Lakes
1720: /
1569:on 22 November 2010
1536:2007ConBi..21..580S
1237:on 19 December 2007
1204:. Abbeville Press.
901:"Maasai Dictionary"
812:XPATS International
779:NASA: Visible Earth
632:Canadian guitarist
555:The governments of
2511:Sub-Saharan Africa
2416:Commonwealth realm
2025:Northern Highlands
1973:Dahlak Archipelago
1729:-2.33083; 34.83333
1616:10.1002/ajpa.22765
1372:The New York Times
1297:on 28 October 2012
963:Cartwright, Mark.
671:as "ris(ing) like
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464:
390:
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287:Serengeti District
148:
140:
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2441:Islands of Africa
2421:Equatorial Africa
2373:Inner Niger Delta
2161:Tibesti Mountains
2020:Central Highlands
1906:Virunga Mountains
1901:Rift Valley lakes
1891:Great Rift Valley
1886:East African Rift
1853:Ouaddaï highlands
1502:978-0-226-76033-9
1446:horizonguides.com
1273:978-0-8109-0602-0
1211:978-0-789-20669-5
1072:on 3 January 2009
1038:978-0-226-76032-2
886:978-1-84162-146-3
669:Mount Kilimanjaro
638:Hymn to the Earth
616:have been found.
603:Ngorongoro Crater
601:, which contains
490:African wild dogs
336:Ngorongoro Crater
326:and in 1892 from
207:) ecosystem is a
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125:
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100:
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2533:Zambezian region
2521:Sudanian savanna
2506:Southeast Africa
2486:Northeast Africa
2471:Miombo woodlands
2346:Guinea Highlands
2010:Lamu Archipelago
1988:Gulf of Tadjoura
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732:Maasai mythology
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719:Geography portal
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684:Shakedown Street
646:, a six-episode
502:African elephant
473:African leopards
436:Grant's gazelles
366:African wild dog
310:African wildlife
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2241:Albany thickets
2206:Succulent Karoo
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2072:Atlas Mountains
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965:"Maasai People"
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653:The 1982 song "
634:Sonny Greenwich
622:
510:Grant's gazelle
478:Crocuta crocuta
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372:Great migration
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268:Blue wildebeest
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61:Find sources:
55:
51:
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39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2584:Narok County
2476:Mittelafrika
2426:Françafrique
2291:Pepper Coast
2129:Middle Egypt
1983:Gulf of Aden
1958:Danakil Alps
1932:
1896:Gregory Rift
1705:
1671:, retrieved
1666:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:The Guardian
1642:
1632:
1610:(1): 36–42.
1607:
1603:
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1575:
1564:the original
1527:
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1492:
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1474:. Retrieved
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1383:. Retrieved
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1320:
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1299:. Retrieved
1295:the original
1290:
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1239:. Retrieved
1235:the original
1230:
1220:
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1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1151:
1139:. Retrieved
1135:the original
1100:cite journal
1086:
1074:. Retrieved
1067:the original
1054:
1042:. Retrieved
1027:
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972:. Retrieved
968:
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942:the original
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815:. Retrieved
811:
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768:
760:Live Science
759:
662:
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573:
566:
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498:Cape buffalo
495:
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351:Cape buffalo
348:
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291:
284:
237:
223:and several
151:
149:
127:
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103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2461:Middle East
2406:Afromontane
2368:Niger Delta
2363:Niger Basin
2356:Dahomey Gap
2311:Cape Palmas
2306:Ivory Coast
2301:Slave Coast
2154:Upper Egypt
2124:Lower Nubia
2119:Lower Egypt
2094:Nile Valley
1828:Congo Basin
1823:Pool Malebo
1727: /
1673:11 November
1583:. Glcom.com
1451:3 September
858:"serengeti"
775:"Serengeti"
65:"Serengeti"
2548:Categories
2411:Arab world
2385:Yorubaland
2296:Gold Coast
2221:Maputaland
2211:Nama Karoo
2201:Thembuland
2149:The Sudans
2134:Nile Delta
2099:Nile Delta
2015:Madagascar
1833:Chad Basin
1801:Cape Lopez
1587:23 October
1044:23 October
938:archive.ph
738:References
576:Terminalia
411:wildebeest
402:Masai Mara
394:wildebeest
344:Tsetse fly
332:Rinderpest
308:For eons,
260:grasslands
76:newspapers
2481:Negroland
2401:Aethiopia
2271:False Bay
1948:Al-Habash
1933:Serengeti
1911:Kavirondo
1715:34°50′0″E
1712:2°19′51″S
1380:0362-4331
1013:128520518
817:6 October
644:Serengeti
580:Combretum
518:waterbuck
432:Thomson's
298:etymology
264:woodlands
229:migration
152:Serengeti
2226:Highveld
2216:Bushveld
2184:Rhodesia
2087:Ifriqiya
1953:Barbaria
1811:Igboland
1624:26058378
1560:41391403
1552:17531037
1428:87914905
1241:14 March
691:See also
620:In media
605:and the
557:Tanzania
542:giraffes
534:dik-diks
528:, while
471:, 1,000
448:big cats
415:gazelles
362:wildlife
340:Poaching
328:smallpox
324:epidemic
280:buffalos
272:gazelles
246:and 500
213:Tanzania
106:May 2021
2104:Bashmur
2062:Maghreb
1993:Red Sea
1806:Mayombe
1781:Central
1769:Regions
1650:8 April
1532:Bibcode
1476:27 June
1385:5 April
1351:22 June
1326:5 April
1301:5 April
1094:. 2017.
1076:10 June
992:Science
974:27 June
673:Olympus
664:Toto IV
614:fossils
611:hominin
538:impalas
526:grasses
506:warthog
454:Ecology
321:cholera
304:History
90:scholar
2496:Sahara
2456:MENASA
2231:Fynbos
2114:Darfur
1816:Mbaise
1773:Africa
1622:
1558:
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1378:
1270:
1208:
1185:3 June
1163:3 June
1141:3 June
1035:
1011:
948:23 May
883:
840:
655:Africa
520:, and
407:zebras
358:rabies
314:Maasai
278:, and
276:zebras
262:, and
256:kopjes
252:swamps
244:mammal
215:. The
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2501:Sahel
2194:South
2189:North
2176:South
2144:Nubia
2049:North
1567:(PDF)
1556:S2CID
1520:(PDF)
1424:S2CID
1070:(PDF)
1063:(PDF)
1009:S2CID
567:Near
561:Kenya
514:eland
469:lions
97:JSTOR
83:books
2283:West
1916:Zanj
1868:East
1675:2023
1652:2020
1620:PMID
1589:2010
1548:PMID
1497:ISBN
1478:2024
1453:2024
1387:2016
1376:ISSN
1353:2021
1328:2016
1303:2016
1268:ISBN
1243:2007
1206:ISBN
1187:2014
1165:2014
1143:2014
1113:help
1078:2014
1046:2010
1033:ISBN
976:2024
950:2021
881:ISBN
838:ISBN
819:2021
659:Toto
559:and
522:topi
482:The
434:and
427:Mara
248:bird
240:lion
202:GHET
200:-ən-
198:SERR
150:The
69:news
1771:of
1612:doi
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648:BBC
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
