460:). Soap operas were specifically engineered to appeal to women (with the intention of increasing sale of soap). They usually ran from Monday through Friday at the same time every day. A show called The Smith Family which ran only one night a week on WENR in Chicago during the early 1930s was credited as the "great-granddaddy of the soap operas" by radio historian Francis Chase, Jr. One of the other shows that helped pioneer the daytime soap opera/serial was
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was also pressured to make episodes more stand-alone. This move resulted in negative criticism from both fans and critics, and Moore revealed in the Season 3 finale podcast that the network finally accepted that standalone episodes simply do not work for the story he is trying to tell. Moore has also
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the whole season in one session. These viewers are not included in TV ratings as they are much less likely to watch commercials than live viewers. The move away from live viewing and toward DVR or internet-streaming services has hurt many shows' prospects because there are fewer or no commercials and
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is still prevalent in adventure shows; however, they are now typically used just before a commercial break and the viewer need only wait a few minutes to see its resolution. In addition, many series have also made extensive use of the traditional end-of-episode cliffhanger format. This is most common
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fall somewhere between, featuring self-encapsulated plots that are resolved by the end of each episode, but also having overarching plots that span multiple episodes. The more serialized its storytelling, the less likely a show is to fare well in repeats. The format places a demand on episodes to be
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Aside from the social issues, the style and presentation of these shows have changed. Whereas in the 1950s and 1960s the drama was underscored with traditional organ music, and in the 1970s and the 1980s a full orchestra provided the score, the daytime dramas of today use cutting-edged synth-driven
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stated that "serialized storytelling ... though popular with hard-core fans and many critics, requires more dedication from viewers and has almost certainly tamped down ratings for many shows". He quoted an ad executive who states that close-ended story lines " it easier for new viewers to tune in
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regrets helping to make serialization common: "e may have been partly responsible for what's going on now, where if you miss the first episode or two, you are lost. You have to wait until you can get the whole thing on DVD and catch up with it. If that blood is on our hands, I feel kind of badly
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Concerned about the toll on ratings of complex story arcs, networks sometimes ask showrunners to reduce serialization. Network executives believe that standalone episodes serve as a better jumping on point for new viewers, although this may result in a conflict with regular watchers who tend to
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Over the course of its run, a show may change its focus. Matt
Cherniss, executive vice president of programming at Fox says: "Sometimes early on, being a little more episodic allows more people into the room. And as the show goes on, by its nature, it might find itself becoming a little more
482:
final episode aired on
September 18, 2009, having a total of 15,762 episodes air on CBS. Some of the characters in soap operas have been portrayed as long-suffering (a common theme even in some of today's serials along with the social and economical issues of the day).
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of the early 20th century. With the emergence of television and subsequent decline of the movie-going audience, production of movie serials ceased due to the decreasing revenues. But the serial lived on, moving instead to the small screen and the world of
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may have a negative effect on ratings by making entry more difficult for new viewers as well as confusing fans who have missed an episode. Networks see them as riskier than dramas that focus on a self-contained story of the week. Tom O'Neil of the
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The term has been used for a radio or television production with a continuously evolving, unified plot and set of characters, spread over multiple episodes. In the United States, daytime soap operas have long had a serial structure. Television
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have expressed concern that declining ratings may lead to a major reduction in serialized storytelling. To highlight the situation, in the 2006–2007 season, no fewer than five high-concept serials were introduced, including
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also falls into the category while each season involves a new mystery that spans an entire season (and on one occasion, half the season) while planting hints throughout the episodes until the climax in the finale.
705:. But as the 1990s came to a close, the primetime soap as an official format gradually faded away, where it largely seems to remain as of the middle of the first decade of the 21st century in the United States.
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to materials "in any medium issued under the same title in a succession of discrete parts, usually numbered (or dated) and appearing at regular or irregular intervals with no predetermined conclusion."
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Serials rely on keeping the full nature of the story hidden and revealing elements episode by episode, to encourage spectators to tune in to every episode to follow the plot. Often these shows employ
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has made following this type of show easier, which has resulted in increased success and popularity. Prior to the advent of DVRs, television networks shunned serials in prime time as they made
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notes: "They're chancy because these shows are hard to join midway through." As of 2012 CBS has not aired a serial drama in many years, in part because of the success of its non-serial
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or even the complete run of the series, and sometimes spinoffs, which distinguishes them from episodic television that relies on more stand-alone episodes. Worldwide, the
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Networks also discourage complex story arcs because they are less successful in reruns, and because standalone episodes can be rerun without concern for order.
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Serialized shows tend to develop a more dedicated fanbase interested in exploring the show online as well as becoming customers of additional merchandising.
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mainly because story-arc-heavy series notoriously have difficulty in picking up new viewers, as compared to a series composed of mostly standalone episodes.
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The nighttime serials are a different story, though the concept is also nothing new. In the 1960s, ABC aired the first real breakthrough nighttime serial,
1471:"Ask Ausiello: Spoilers on 'Grey's,' 'House,' 'Big Love,' 'Fringe,' 'NCIS,' '24,' 'Gossip Girl,' 'Friday Night Lights,' 'Heroes,' 'Smallville,' and more!"
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1081:. Such shows generally have to submit an atypical self-contained episode in order to gain recognition. Despite this, since 2000, every winner of the
585:). Although the show was controversial for its time (with a homosexual character among its cast roster), it was (and still is today) a cult classic.
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573:, inspired by the novel and theatrical film of the same name. After its cancellation, the format went somewhat dormant until Norman Lear produced
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The television serial format as known today originated in radio, in the form of children's adventure shows and daily 15-minute programs known as
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1008:, has also suggested that his show may move away from serialized storytelling: "I think the show needs to move towards in order to survive."
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may also feature ongoing story arcs, but episodes are more self-encapsulated and so the series fall into a more conventional drama category.
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While the last of the 1980s nighttime soaps ended during the first years of the following decade, then a second wave came with series like
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also commonly come in a serial form. Starting in the mid-1970s, series with soap opera-like stories began to be aired in prime time (e.g.
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began as a more serialized show but later became more stand-alone under network pressure. During season 3 of the re-imagined
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is a show that has a continuing plot that unfolds in a sequential episode-by-episode fashion. Serials typically follow main
143:. The reason given is: no significant updates since 2012, eg does not discuss the impact of the rise of streaming services.
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In terms of DVD sales, however, strongly serialized shows often perform better than shows which are strongly procedural.
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Most popular articles about 2010s
American television series on Knowledge (XXG), with user comments on traffic jumps -
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run in order, without which story arcs stretching over many episodes may be difficult for new viewers to delve into.
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has experimented with "myth-alones", a hybrid that attempts to advance the story arc in a self-contained episode.
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Some reviewers have also noted that serialized dramas are at a disadvantage at major awards shows such as the
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put greater emphasis on the "story-of-the-week", but over time story arcs begin to dominate. In contrast,
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became more focused on standalone stories in later seasons, because of pressures by network executives.
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Serials contrast with episodic television, with plots relying on a more independent stand-alone format.
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that did not officially fit into this category, but were nonetheless ratings hits season after season.
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Robert
Giddings, Keith Selby. 2001. The Classic Serial on Television and Radio. Palgrave MacMillan.
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began to use a more serial structure, and now there are a much wider range of shows in serial form.
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921:(2022) emphasized its episodes being standalone, which cast and crew described as being similar to
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Jason
Mittell. 2015. Complex TV: The Poetics of Contemporary Television Storytelling. NYU Press.
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which often end in a cliffhanger that would only be resolved in the next season's premiere.
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music (in a way, music for soaps has come full-circle, from the keyboard to the keyboard).
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The term "serial" refers to the intrinsic property of a series – namely its
149:. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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more difficult and television producers shunned them because they were tougher to go into
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will be less serialized in order to render the show more accessible to new viewers.
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were popular in the Golden and Silver Ages of television and still are today.
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1417:"'Dallas' at 40: The Inside Story Behind the Show That Changed Texas Forever"
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295:. In literature, the term is used as a noun to refer to a format (within a
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popularized serial storylines on prime-time television. Its end-of-season
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1184:(Season 4.0) sell significantly more units than hit procedurals such as
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were a particularly popular format for children's serials on the radio.
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television programs are commonly episodic, sometimes including a serial
1111:
395: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
265:
16:
Continuing plot that unfolds in a sequential episode-by-episode fashion
279:), originating and often produced in Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking
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216:. In the UK the first serials were direct adaptations of well known
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Another problem is that many fans prefer to record these shows and
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in 1976. In 1977, ABC created another comedy soap (aptly called
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Star Trek: Strange New Worlds - Inside The Series - Paramount+
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602:" and "Bobby in the Shower?", influenced other shows like
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and such other daytime television program serials such as
1537:"Comic-Con: 'V,' 'Fringe' and 'Vampire Diaries' Round-Up"
1360:"Has TV lost its nerve when it comes to complex dramas?"
84:
1916:"This Was the Year That TV's Second Golden Age Ended"
1386:
Online
Dictionary for Library and Information Science
737:. Cable networks also produced serial dramas such as
979:
stated that the network was reluctant to greenlight
299:) by which a story is told in contiguous (typically
220:, usually consisting of a small number of episodes.
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1970:"Early, gutsy Emmy predix: 'Mad Men' vs. 'Damages'"
1629:"Q&A: Ron Moore on 'Battlestar' series finale"
2240:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Sep 21, 2008"
2130:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Apr 29, 2007"
2108:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Nov 19, 2006"
2086:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Jan 18, 2009"
2064:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending July 5, 2009"
2042:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Oct 12, 2008"
2020:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Jan 11, 2009"
1995:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Dec 16, 2007"
1083:Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Drama Series
141:may be compromised due to out-of-date information
2218:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Oct 7, 2007"
2196:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Nov 4, 2007"
2174:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Nov 5, 2006"
2152:"US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Sep 7, 2008"
1658:"TRANSCRIPT: The Envelope chat with Glenn Close"
858:serialized." Early in their runs, shows such as
303:) installments in sequential issues of a single
1684:"As Talent Flees to Cable, Networks Fight Back"
1565:"Buffy's creator makes his valley of the dolls"
845:In addition, it has been noted that the use of
935:and figure out what's going on". According to
896:Effect of a serial model on commercial success
713:In the 1990s, American serial dramas included
2290:
73:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1862:"Could Heroes Move Away From Serialization?"
1443:"Fox's 'House' celebrates its 100th episode"
958:they may be fast-forwarded or out-of-date.
486:Children's adventure serials were more like
448:(so-called because many of these shows were
1651:
1649:
1588:
1586:
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234:The invention of recording devices such as
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1500:
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411:Learn how and when to remove this message
176:Learn how and when to remove this message
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1622:
1620:
1273:"Smile and Smile and Still Be a Villain"
731:. The trend continued in the 2000s with
145:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1890:"Joss Whedon talks 'Dollhouse' renewal"
1821:Battlestar Galactica Season 3 Companion
1779:"A dramatic decline for network dramas"
1247:
950:about it. It can be very frustrating."
660:. There were some serial shows such as
310:More generally, "serial" is applied in
1469:Michael Ausiello (February 11, 2009).
1323:Poniewozik, James (December 4, 2008).
1226:List of serial drama television series
1593:Gilbert, Gerard (February 20, 2009).
242:along with the growing popularity of
212:is the most prominent form of serial
7:
1727:"How does CBS spell success? 'NCIS'"
1505:Holmwood, Leigh (October 10, 2008).
1415:Marshall, Max (September 19, 2018).
1271:Alessandra Stanley (July 24, 2007).
471:radio in 1937, and then switched to
423:The serial began with the advent of
393:adding citations to reliable sources
1834:"William Hurt joins FX's 'Damages'"
1832:Michael Schneider (June 16, 2008).
1753:"The Best TV Show That's Ever Been"
1725:Scott Collins (November 17, 2008).
826:To a lesser extent, series such as
1860:Eric Goldman (November 17, 2008).
1358:Maureen Ryan (February 27, 2009).
14:
1914:Jeff Jensen (December 19, 2008).
1656:Tom O'Neil (September 21, 2008).
962:prefer more focus on story arcs.
283:, have become popular worldwide.
271:Shorter serial programs known as
34:This article has multiple issues.
1627:James Hibberd (March 13, 2009).
1297:Hale, Mike (September 6, 2012).
369:
127:
64:
23:
1888:Hibberd, James (May 18, 2009).
1751:Raftery, Brian (October 2012).
1595:"American law... British order"
1535:Prudom, Laura (July 24, 2010).
1299:"The, Yes, Upside of Broadcast"
380:needs additional citations for
312:library and information science
42:or discuss these issues on the
2663:Serial drama television series
1968:Tom O'Neil (August 19, 2008).
924:Star Trek: The Original Series
227:segments at the beginning and
1:
1682:Carter, Bill (May 14, 2012).
1563:Sarah Hughes (May 15, 2009).
1507:"JJ Abrams live webchat here"
1441:Rob Owen (February 1, 2009).
918:Star Trek: Strange New Worlds
231:at the end of each episode.
794:Homicide: Life on the Street
335:). In the 1990s, shows like
1894:Hollywood Reporter THR feed
1777:Flint, Joe (May 12, 2011).
452:by soap companies, such as
152:Last update: September 2012
87:, discuss the issue on the
2686:
1714:. YouTube. April 29, 2022.
1389:. Retrieved March 15, 2006
722:Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
576:Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman
349:
1808:January 22, 2009, at the
1202:(Season 4, Season 5) and
1085:has been a Serial Drama:
1601:. London. Archived from
1178:and even ratings minnow
1133:(2015–2016, 2018–2019),
782:Buffy the Vampire Slayer
2306:Television drama series
1448:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
1383:Reitz, Joan M. (2004).
992:, the second season of
2658:Television terminology
2550:Science fiction sitcom
1208:(Season 2, Season 3).
1196:(Season 3, Season 5),
2266:The latest statistics
1079:Primetime Emmy Awards
930:Scott Collins of the
430:Broadcast syndication
257:years down the road.
255:broadcast syndication
248:broadcast programming
1920:Entertainment Weekly
1803:Battlestar Galactica
1605:on February 23, 2009
1475:Entertainment Weekly
1181:Battlestar Galactica
1016:Entertainment Weekly
971:Battlestar Galactica
819:Desperate Housewives
746:Battlestar Galactica
678:Beverly Hills, 90210
475:Television in 1952.
458:Procter & Gamble
389:improve this article
214:dramatic programming
93:create a new article
85:improve this article
75:may not represent a
1136:The Handmaid's Tale
503:Search for Tomorrow
467:, which debuted on
2627:Executive producer
2560:Situation comedies
1688:The New York Times
1303:The New York Times
1277:The New York Times
1221:Limited-run series
1145:(2020, 2022), and
521:As the World Turns
356:Television program
244:streaming services
206:television seasons
2668:Television genres
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2242:. The-numbers.com
2220:. The-numbers.com
2198:. The-numbers.com
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1974:Los Angeles Times
1783:Los Angeles Times
1731:Los Angeles Times
1662:Los Angeles Times
1260:978-0-230-59629-0
932:Los Angeles Times
908:Los Angeles Times
702:Central Park West
663:Hill Street Blues
608:(ABC's answer to
527:The Edge of Night
477:The Guiding Light
454:Colgate-Palmolive
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915:. Marketing for
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551:One Life to Live
515:The Secret Storm
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2246:December 17,
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2002:. Retrieved
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1607:. Retrieved
1603:the original
1599:The Guardian
1598:
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1510:
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1483:. Retrieved
1479:the original
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1452:. Retrieved
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1367:. Retrieved
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1280:. Retrieved
1276:
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1197:
1191:
1190:(Season 6),
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1172:(Season 2),
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1160:(Season 6),
1155:
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1124:Breaking Bad
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1094:The Sopranos
1092:
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1071:FlashForward
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387:Please help
382:verification
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342:
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36:Please help
33:
2653:Radio drama
2474:Hongkongese
2446:Teen sitcom
2355:South Korea
2350:Philippines
2313:By location
1517:February 2,
1336:December 6,
1236:Serial film
955:binge watch
947:Les Charles
945:co-creator
913:procedurals
806:The X-Files
657:Berrenger's
598:, such as "
533:The Doctors
446:soap operas
440:Soap operas
432:television
352:Radio drama
338:The X-Files
321:mini-series
287:Terminology
273:telenovelas
2647:Categories
2632:Showrunner
2611:Telenovela
2606:Miniseries
2601:Procedural
2580:Telenovela
2570:Teen drama
2565:Soap opera
2493:Taiwanese
2453:Soap opera
2320:Arab world
1325:"Tuned In"
1308:January 7,
1242:References
1199:CSI: Miami
1175:True Blood
1142:Succession
902:story arcs
716:Twin Peaks
627:The Colbys
350:See also:
305:periodical
210:soap opera
202:story arcs
190:television
39:improve it
2484:Pakistani
2458:Téléroman
2401:Economics
2330:Hong Kong
1638:March 13,
1148:The Crown
1065:The Event
1035:Kidnapped
1000:Tim Kring
937:Dick Wolf
883:Torchwood
877:Dollhouse
728:Babylon 5
450:sponsored
225:recapping
147:talk page
101:June 2020
89:talk page
45:talk page
2530:BL drama
2479:Japanese
2365:Thailand
2345:Pakistan
1899:March 1,
1873:March 2,
1806:Archived
1571:. London
1548:July 26,
1542:TV Squad
1513:. London
1215:See also
1151:(2021).
1139:(2017),
1121:(2012),
1118:Homeland
1109:(2006),
1103:(2005),
1047:The Nine
1041:Vanished
900:Complex
769:spin-off
767:and its
758:The Wire
696:Savannah
492:Westerns
83:You may
2426:Medical
2421:Politic
2270:Wikitop
1839:Variety
1788:May 12,
1694:May 14,
1633:THRfeed
1575:May 16,
1112:Mad Men
1029:Jericho
995:Damages
982:Caprica
812:Damages
605:Dynasty
361:History
332:Dynasty
266:subplot
2596:Serial
2589:Format
2555:Serial
2431:Sitcom
2416:Police
2411:Period
2379:Genres
2370:Turkey
2360:Taiwan
1402:
1258:
1169:Heroes
1068:, and
1050:, and
1005:Heroes
942:Cheers
840:Fringe
835:Fringe
752:Dexter
654:, and
610:Dallas
591:Dallas
554:, and
480:'s
434:reruns
326:Dallas
251:reruns
198:serial
2507:2020s
2502:2010s
2497:2000s
2406:Legal
2391:Buddy
2340:Japan
2335:India
2325:China
1053:Drive
965:Alias
889:Alias
871:Angel
866:Buffy
829:House
639:Hotel
297:genre
293:order
91:, or
2514:Thai
2248:2011
2226:2011
2204:2011
2182:2011
2160:2011
2138:2011
2116:2011
2094:2011
2072:2011
2050:2011
2028:2011
2006:2011
1981:2009
1955:2009
1927:2009
1901:2014
1875:2009
1847:2009
1790:2011
1764:2012
1738:2009
1696:2012
1669:2009
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