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All these capabilities are made possible by treating
Services as "first class objects". That is, they are more than just user-executed software to the OS. They can be defined to have special states that allow finer control and permit monitoring and probing for diagnosing software failures, rather
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Nicholas A. Solter, Jerry
Jelinek, David Miner - 2011 OpenSolaris Bible p 490 1118080319 "A restarter is a process or, more properly, a service, that is responsible for monitoring and restarting other services. UNIX has actually had a form of a restarter since the very beginning, and it exists on
64:. A service can be configured to run within a limited set of privileges, rather than as the all-powerful root user. If a service has been compromised, the amount of damage that can be inflicted by the intruder will be minimized if the service's power is constrained to that of a more limited user.
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for remote logins. Even higher level functions can be services, such as specific databases for e-commerce, finance, manufacturing control, etc. Typically, services are automatically started at boot up, long-lived, have common states (e.g. running, not running), relationship & dependencies
70:. This speeds up the boot process by starting multiple services simultaneously, allowing idle CPU time resulting from a service that is temporarily blocked to be relinquished for use by other services that can start independently of the blocked service.
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There has been no traditional definition or constraint of what a service is, making administration difficult. With SMF, each service can have a set of defined states, allowing admins to control services in a consistent way based on their state.
53:. Services sometimes depend on one another for proper operation, and a robust system should know each service's dependencies. If an underlying service fails, it needs to be corrected before other services that depend upon it are affected.
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is a running execution of a defined service executable. One can have many instances of a defined service, such as multiple webservers listening on different ports referencing different WWW root directories.
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In versions of
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Services are software objects that provide a set of capabilities to other software. For example, a webserver provides HTTP service to web browsers. Other services include
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and /etc/inetd.conf. A typical system could have dozens of configuration files, and configuration could involve various methods, including editing
110:(Sendmail service depends on Naming service, which depends on Networking services), and are critical to the dedicated function of the server.
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219:"Managing System Services in Oracle® Solaris 11.4 - SMF Concepts and Components"
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on each
Solaris or illumos system and replaces init.d scripts. SMF introduces:
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Jonathan Adams, David Bustos, Stephen Hahn, David Powell, and Liane Praza,
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Proceedings of LISA '05: Nineteenth
Systems Administration Conference
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Using
Solaris SMF by Chris Josephes at O'Reilly Network
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Solaris
Service Management Facility - Quickstart Guide
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340:JumpStart
38:with its
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