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suggested by Gary Tubb. As Kalhaṇa is intending to write an authentic historical account of the
Kashmiri kings, he cannot recast the emotional mood of his work. Hence, despite a strong tendency to avoid unpleasant emotional flavors, as supported by then prevailing literary theory and poetic practice. Kalhaṇa being consistent in providing a factual account of the Kashmiri kings, he invokes the distasteful flavor (
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2035:
329:), whereas other rasas are placed in a subordinate position. Gary Tubb, in his scholarly work, argues the stable emotion of "the pleasure derived from the cessation of desire" should not be viewed as an emotion experienced by the characters, but as the emotional state intended to be evoked in the readers themselves.
97:) arising from knowledge of truth and purity of mind. According to J L Masson and M V Patwardhan, who have collected the original manuscripts and translated Abhinavagupta's work, observe: the audience undergoes transcendental experience, which is basic to all aesthetic experience in a play based on
373:
from
Anandavarma's commentary on Mahabharata: pleasure derived from the cessation of desires. Though most of the central characters in his work show no sign of such an emotion, but here Kalhaṇa implies that the emotion needs to be evoked in the readers rather than experienced by the characters as
440:
as a rasa assert, the aim in a drama is not to present an impossible flavor on this stage, but to portray "ardent spirit in search of truth and tranquility". According to
Sheldon Pollock, a new category in aesthetic flavors was created even though most of the religious poetry was based on the
418:). Many commentators argue, portraying such a state of cessation or detachment from all the worldly desires is not possible on the stage, hence it could not be an aesthetic flavor in poetics and dramaturgy. This argument is refuted by the proponents of
1834:
218:
as inherent flavor to attain spiritual liberation through tranquility. According to him, all the aesthetic flavors in drama are aimed at the ultimate goal of achieving tranquility and thus, the aim of all the rasas is
182:
No sorrow is there in it, no happiness, no disquiet, no anger or passion, and never any longing— thus is the peaceful Rasa described by the greatest of sages, which has the same warrant as all the other
202:
as a flavor by portraying the attainment of happiness through disconnection with all the worldly desires. Whereas, a later
Sanskrit connoisseur Abhinavagupta links it to the means of achieving
1884:
107:
in his epic Nāṭyaśāstra. The inclusion of this rasa as a prominent one in
Sanskrit poetry and dramaturgy is attributed to Udbhata, a president in the court of king Jayapida of
3707:
145:
discusses only about eight rasas. Post
Bharata, many poets spoke only of the same eight rasas. Though some experts hint at many earlier poets before Bharata who accepted
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231:. Similarly, some commentators argue that the emotion of detachment from all the associated sentiments and passions from the worldly desires as a stable emotion (
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should be considered as a historical work or literature. Based on the length and contents of the work, the author himself considers it to be art-literature (
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have objected to considering it as a ninth rasa. Some give the reason that
Bharata, who is attributed to defining only eight rasas, did not speak of
212:). Abhinavagupta, in accordance with the poets earlier to him, considers aesthetic pleasure to be a primary aspect in drama and poetry. He considers
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as a ninth rasa to
Udbhata, a poet from Kashmir during late eighth-century AD, who elaborately discussed nine rasas in his commentary on the
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303:, where all the Vṛṣṇis and Pānḍavas meet their respective miserable ends. He similarly constructs the story of Rāmāyaṇa where
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may be defined as: "that which brings happiness and welfare to all beings and which is accompanied by the stabilization (
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as the dominant flavor of disenchantment with the world, ultimately leading to liberation from worldly pleasures (
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and As his interpretation of stable emotion of this rasa is pleasure derived from the cessation of all desires (
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165:. He also speculates the authorship of the ninth rasa as the main theme in dramatics and poetry to some
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445:, where he observes: "When the desire is directed toward a deity, we have 'emotion' rather than rasa."
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McCrea, Lawrence (2013). "ŚāntaRasa in the Rājataraṅgiṇī: History, epic, and moral decay".
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225:. Hence, he places the ninth rasa as a supreme among others as it is a means to attain
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is not denied the stature of a rasa as it can not portray actual sexual intercourse (
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510:
Gerow, Edwin; Aklujkar, Ashok (March 1972). "On Shanta rasa in
Sanskrit Poetics".
1835:
A Philosophical
Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful
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45: the imaginative experience of tranquility, emotion of emotionlessness
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2090:
251:), where rasa is a central phenomenon, he argues that the dominant rasa in
135:
The term rasa, first appears in the epic text of Bharata, the antiquity of
115:. Much of the literary criticism on this flavor was further carried out by
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passion and desire of God and not about dispassion. Further, he quotes
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108:
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2180:
1705:
1683:
1613:
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112:
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406:. But, one of the main objections comes as the way of defining its
335:
authored in the mid-twelfth-century AD is another literary work on
299:) He draws attention to one among many of the climaxes of the epic
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434:) on the stage, so as Roudra and murder. Thus, the supporters of
237:) of this rasa, which ultimately leads to peace and tranquility.
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1074:
668:"RASA" AND "DHVANI" IN INDIAN AND WESTERN POETICS AND POETRY"
3685:
2143:
311:, which, according to Ānandavardhana, climaxes in both the
807:
Tubb, Gary A (1985). "Shanta rasa in the "Mahābhārata"".
763:"The "Mahābhārata": Perspectives on Its Ends and Endings"
691:"An Alchemy of Emotion: Rasa and Aesthetic Breakthroughs"
574:
572:
103:. It was not included in the list of rasas mentioned by
16:
One of the nine aesthetic flavors in Sanskrit literature
910:
SantaRasa and Abhinavagupta's Philosophy of Aesthetics
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156:
146:
98:
88:
78:
72:
1885:
The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
173:
poets and dramatists for making this a leading rasa.
551:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
206:
achieved resulting from the knowledge of the truth (
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3831:
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2352:
2344:
2260:
2129:
2120:
1937:
1786:
1559:
1266:
1178:
1112:
1046:
981:
593:"The Concept of "Rasa" in Sanskrit Dramatic Theory"
341:, though there is debate among scholars on whether
155:a Sanskrit scholar, attributes the recognition of
497:
485:
461:
281:in three categories namely: a prescriptive work
3936:Legendary creatures in Sanskrit Hindu mythology
363:as a dominant aesthetic objective of his work.
180:
141:which varies from 500 BC to 500 AD. Bharata's
83:) in the Self". It has as its stable emotion (
27:
3701:
2066:
1090:
959:
836:The Indian Economic and Social History Review
8:
1815:The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons
127:and later by Abhinavagupta in Nāṭyaśāstra.
4029:Sanskrit academic institutes outside India
3708:
3694:
3686:
3020:
2815:
2388:
2358:
2126:
2073:
2059:
2051:
1097:
1083:
1075:
966:
952:
944:
927:A Rasa Reader: Classical Indian Aesthetics
912:, Bhandarkar Oriental research Institute,
245:In Ānandavardhana's Light on implicature (
706:
4001:Sanskrit inscriptions in the Malay world
3969:Sanskrit mottos of universities in India
868:
641:
629:
578:
512:Journal of the American Oriental Society
111:during 779-813 AD and a contemporary of
880:
748:
695:Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism
653:
473:
454:
767:International Journal of Hindu Studies
908:Masson, J L; Patwardhan, M V (1969),
7:
728:. Sarup & Sons. pp. 33–34.
51:, a concept of aesthetic flavour in
3670:
386:as the aesthetic goal of his work.
367:borrows the stable emotion for his
41:
924:Pollock, Sheldon (26 April 2016),
93:) which culminates in detachment (
14:
809:Journal of South Asian Literature
672:Journal of South Asian Literature
545:Simha, Lala Ramayadupala (1958).
3669:
3659:
3650:
3649:
3638:
2343:
2089:
2081:
2033:
761:Sullivan, Bruce M (April 2011).
708:10.1111/j.1540-594X.2007.00236.x
689:Higgins, Kathleen Marie (2007).
277:respectively. He classifies the
3639:
4034:Sanskrit universities in India
3564:Relations with other religions
591:Dace, Wallace (October 1963).
351:). In an opening verse in his
55:. According to translation of
1:
930:, Columbia University Press,
1945:Aestheticization of politics
498:Masson & Patwardhan 1969
486:Masson & Patwardhan 1969
462:Masson & Patwardhan 1969
3755:Sanskritisation (sociology)
597:Educational Theatre Journal
436:
430:
420:
414:
408:
402:
396:
382:
376:
369:
359:
353:
347:
337:
325:
319:
313:
295:
273:
267:
261:
247:
233:
227:
221:
214:
208:
198:
157:
147:
99:
89:
79:
73:
47:) is considered as a ninth
4096:
3760:Sanskritisation (language)
547:"Udbhata and the Rasavada"
4049:World Sanskrit Conference
3636:
2391:
2341:
2099:
2013:
779:10.1007/s11407-011-9097-4
725:Hardy and the Rasa Theory
722:Rama Kant Sharma (2003).
666:Rustomji, Roshni (1981).
28:
4039:Sanskrit Knowledge (XXG)
3786:Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit
2708:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
848:10.1177/0019464613487099
3931:Historic Sanskrit texts
3896:Suyat family of scripts
3740:Mandala political model
2787:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
1965:Evolutionary aesthetics
1915:The Aesthetic Dimension
333:Kalhaṇa's Rājataraṃgiṇī
196:Ānandavardhana defines
32:, occasionally spelled
4070:Concepts in aesthetics
2762:Eighteen Greater Texts
1895:Avant-Garde and Kitsch
1845:Lectures on Aesthetics
380:) as a subordinate to
194:
3515:Hindu gurus and sants
2767:Eighteen Lesser Texts
2040:Philosophy portal
119:in his commentary on
3505:Anti-Hindu sentiment
1985:Philosophy of design
1865:In Praise of Shadows
1855:The Critic as Artist
900:The Number of Rasa-s
897:Raghavan, V (1975),
424:by counter-arguing,
4080:Sanskrit literature
3916:Buddhist literature
3611:Hinduism by country
2777:Iraiyanar Akapporul
2737:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
1995:Philosophy of music
1970:Mathematical beauty
464:, Introduction-III.
53:Sanskrit literature
4044:World Sanskrit Day
3850:Later development
1990:Philosophy of film
1980:Patterns in nature
1950:Applied aesthetics
1925:Why Beauty Matters
1711:Life imitating art
1572:Art for art's sake
307:is separated from
87:) as impassivity (
4057:
4056:
3683:
3682:
3459:
3458:
3012:
3011:
2805:
2804:
2719:Sangam literature
2675:Yājñavalkya Smṛti
2523:
2522:
2339:
2338:
2048:
2047:
2000:Psychology of art
1875:Art as Experience
1072:
1071:
1054:Indian aesthetics
937:978-0-231-54069-8
735:978-81-7625-377-2
151:as a ninth rasa.
71:by some experts,
65:'s commentary on
4087:
4024:Sanskrit studies
4019:Sanskrit revival
3872:Spread of usage
3710:
3703:
3696:
3687:
3673:
3672:
3663:
3653:
3652:
3642:
3641:
3552:Pilgrimage sites
3306:Ganesh Chaturthi
3021:
2816:
2797:Vedarthasamgraha
2792:Vinayagar Agaval
2757:Five Great Epics
2732:Divya Prabandham
2645:Minor Upanishads
2389:
2359:
2347:
2346:
2127:
2093:
2085:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2052:
2038:
2037:
2036:
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1920:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1880:
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831:
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739:
719:
713:
712:
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686:
680:
679:
663:
657:
651:
645:
639:
633:
632:, p. 11-12.
627:
621:
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588:
582:
576:
567:
566:
564:
562:
542:
536:
535:
507:
501:
495:
489:
488:, p. 90-93.
483:
477:
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423:
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411:
405:
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385:
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372:
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102:
92:
82:
76:
46:
43:
31:
30:
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4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4075:Literary theory
4060:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4007:
3955:
3902:
3881:Gujarati script
3827:
3769:
3743:
3719:
3714:
3684:
3679:
3646:
3632:
3455:
3424:
3415:Vasant Panchami
3349:Pahela Baishakh
3331:Makar Sankranti
3250:
3185:
3092:
3008:
2911:
2801:
2782:Abhirami Antati
2752:Kamba Ramayanam
2713:
2599:
2556:
2519:
2441:
2415:
2378:
2348:
2335:
2319:Vishishtadvaita
2256:
2116:
2095:
2079:
2049:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2009:
1933:
1928:
1918:
1908:
1905:Critical Essays
1898:
1888:
1878:
1868:
1858:
1848:
1838:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1798:
1782:
1555:
1469:Ortega y Gasset
1262:
1174:
1108:
1103:
1073:
1068:
1042:
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972:
938:
923:
907:
903:, Adyar Library
896:
893:
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628:
624:
609:10.2307/3204783
590:
589:
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544:
543:
539:
509:
508:
504:
496:
492:
484:
480:
472:
468:
460:
456:
451:
412:as detachment (
394:The critics of
392:
296:tṛṣṇākṣayasukha
243:
193:
187:
179:
133:
58:Abhinavabhārati
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4093:
4091:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4062:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3946:Sanskrit poets
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3912:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3847:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3835:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3788:
3783:
3781:Vedic Sanskrit
3777:
3775:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3751:
3749:
3748:Mode of spread
3745:
3744:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3725:
3724:Influence zone
3721:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3690:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3667:
3657:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3623:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3549:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3281:
3279:Raksha Bandhan
3276:
3271:
3266:
3260:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3102:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3029:
3027:
3018:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2921:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2909:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2824:
2822:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2490:Shvetashvatara
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2465:Brihadaranyaka
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2365:
2363:
2362:Classification
2356:
2350:
2349:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2055:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1975:Neuroesthetics
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1955:Arts criticism
1952:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1911:
1901:
1891:
1881:
1871:
1861:
1851:
1841:
1831:
1825:On the Sublime
1821:
1811:
1801:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1696:
1691:
1689:Interpretation
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1589:
1584:
1582:Artistic merit
1579:
1574:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1231:Psychoanalysis
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1079:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
985:
983:
979:
978:
973:
971:
970:
963:
956:
948:
942:
941:
936:
921:
905:
892:
889:
886:
885:
873:
861:
842:(2): 179–199.
826:
815:(1): 141–168.
799:
753:
741:
734:
714:
681:
658:
656:, p. 179.
646:
634:
622:
603:(3): 249–254.
583:
568:
537:
524:10.2307/599651
502:
490:
478:
466:
453:
452:
450:
447:
391:
388:
357:, he declares
242:
239:
185:
178:
175:
132:
129:
117:Ānandavardhana
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4092:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:Modern status
4010:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3960:Current usage
3958:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3876:Bangla script
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3864:Nagari script
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3842:Brahmi script
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3818:Vedic grammar
3816:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3730:Greater India
3728:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3711:
3706:
3704:
3699:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3688:
3676:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3656:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3635:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3616:Hindu temples
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3520:Hindu studies
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3490:Denominations
3488:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3299:Vijayadashami
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3116:Simantonayana
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2702:Yoga Vasistha
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2613:Bhagavad Gita
2611:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2552:Sthapatyaveda
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2071:
2069:
2064:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2041:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2005:Theory of art
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1796:
1795:Hippias Major
1792:
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1654:Entertainment
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1578:
1577:Art manifesto
1575:
1573:
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1568:
1567:Appropriation
1565:
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1460:
1459:Merleau-Ponty
1457:
1455:
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1442:
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1437:
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1432:
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1277:
1275:
1274:Abhinavagupta
1272:
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1265:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
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1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1226:Postmodernism
1224:
1222:
1219:
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1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
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1128:
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1095:
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1081:
1080:
1077:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1039:(tranquility)
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
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986:
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976:
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964:
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949:
946:
939:
933:
929:
928:
922:
919:
915:
911:
906:
902:
901:
895:
894:
890:
883:, p. 22.
882:
877:
874:
871:, p. 25.
870:
869:Raghavan 1975
865:
862:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
830:
827:
822:
818:
814:
810:
803:
800:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
757:
754:
751:, p. 87.
750:
745:
742:
737:
731:
727:
726:
718:
715:
709:
704:
700:
696:
692:
685:
682:
677:
673:
669:
662:
659:
655:
650:
647:
644:, p. 23.
643:
642:Raghavan 1975
638:
635:
631:
630:Raghavan 1975
626:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
587:
584:
581:, p. 13.
580:
579:Raghavan 1975
575:
573:
569:
556:
552:
548:
541:
538:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
506:
503:
500:, p. 92.
499:
494:
491:
487:
482:
479:
476:, p. 15.
475:
470:
467:
463:
458:
455:
448:
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444:
438:
432:
427:
422:
416:
410:
404:
398:
389:
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384:
378:
371:
366:
361:
355:
349:
344:
343:Rājataraṃgiṇī
339:
334:
330:
327:
321:
315:
310:
306:
302:
297:
292:
289:, and poetry
288:
284:
280:
275:
269:
263:
258:
254:
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238:
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229:
223:
216:
210:
205:
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176:
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126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
75:
70:
69:
64:
63:Abhinavagupta
60:
59:
54:
50:
39:
35:
25:
21:
3626:Architecture
3229:Brahmacharya
3171:Samavartanam
3136:Annaprashana
3002:
2905:
2706:
2660:Dharmaśāstra
2650:Arthashastra
2485:Maitrayaniya
2317:
2310:
2303:
2225:Brahmacharya
1923:
1913:
1903:
1873:
1863:
1843:
1833:
1823:
1813:
1803:
1793:
1740:
1716:Magnificence
1698:
1548:
1514:Schopenhauer
1349:Coomaraswamy
1267:Philosophers
1255:
1186:Aestheticism
1059:Nāṭya Śāstra
1036:
1009:(compassion)
926:
909:
899:
891:Bibliography
881:Pollock 2016
876:
864:
839:
835:
829:
812:
808:
802:
790:. Retrieved
770:
766:
756:
749:Pollock 2016
744:
724:
717:
698:
694:
684:
675:
671:
661:
654:Pollock 2016
649:
637:
625:
600:
596:
586:
559:. Retrieved
554:
550:
540:
515:
511:
505:
493:
481:
474:Pollock 2016
469:
457:
426:śṛṅgāra rasa
393:
342:
331:
300:
278:
256:
252:
244:
241:Commentaries
195:
181:
162:
142:
137:
134:
66:
56:
37:
33:
19:
18:
3891:Odia script
3886:Kawi script
3859:Nandinagari
3765:Sanskritism
3675:WikiProject
3547:Persecution
3535:Nationalism
3525:Iconography
3405:Ratha Yatra
3316:Janmashtami
3311:Rama Navami
3239:Vanaprastha
3190:Varnashrama
3166:Ritushuddhi
3151:Vidyarambha
3141:Chudakarana
3131:Nishkramana
3106:Garbhadhana
2747:Thirukkural
2742:Thiruppugal
2670:Nāradasmṛti
2633:Mahabharata
2411:Atharvaveda
2289:Vaisheshika
2176:Puruṣārthas
1809:(c. 335 BC)
1799:(c. 390 BC)
1778:Work of art
1731:Picturesque
1587:Avant-garde
1544:Winckelmann
1419:Kierkegaard
1344:Collingwood
1314:Baudrillard
1241:Romanticism
1211:Historicism
1145:Mathematics
1064:Sthayibhava
975:Rasa theory
409:sthāyibhāva
301:Mahābhārata
279:Mahābhārata
253:Mahābhārata
248:Dhvanyāloka
209:tattvajñāna
163:Nāṭyaśāstra
143:Nāṭyaśāstra
138:Nāṭyaśāstra
121:Mahābhārata
85:sthāyibhāva
68:Nāṭyaśāstra
4064:Categories
3991:Indonesian
3977:Loanwords
3941:Literature
3908:Literature
3854:Devanagari
3735:Indosphere
3376:Kumbh Mela
3344:Gudi Padwa
3289:Durga Puja
3274:Shivaratri
3146:Karnavedha
3126:Namakarana
3088:Tirthatana
2855:Dattatreya
2692:Subhashita
2665:Manusmriti
2542:Dhanurveda
2475:Taittiriya
2460:Kaushitaki
2447:Upanishads
2220:Aparigraha
2122:Philosophy
1748:Recreation
1726:Perception
1619:Creativity
1319:Baumgarten
1309:Baudelaire
1191:Classicism
1106:Aesthetics
557:(1/2): 118
449:References
431:samproyoga
285:, a story
274:karuṇārasa
153:V Raghavan
34:shantarasa
3951:Vyākaraṇa
3806:Compounds
3599:Theosophy
3530:Mythology
3510:Criticism
3478:Etymology
3436:Svādhyāya
3335:New Year
3284:Navaratri
3256:Festivals
3234:Grihastha
3207:Kshatriya
3181:Antyeshti
3156:Upanayana
3121:Jatakarma
3111:Pumsavana
3098:Sanskaras
3063:Naivedhya
3017:Practices
2962:Mahavidya
2930:Saraswati
2917:Goddesses
2875:Kartikeya
2772:Athichudi
2727:Tirumurai
2580:Vyākaraṇa
2547:Natyaveda
2495:Chandogya
2420:Divisions
2401:Yajurveda
1753:Reverence
1659:Eroticism
1629:Depiction
1602:Masculine
1504:Santayana
1464:Nietzsche
1409:Hutcheson
1399:Heidegger
1384:Greenberg
1339:Coleridge
1304:Balthasar
1289:Aristotle
1251:Theosophy
1246:Symbolism
1221:Modernism
1206:Formalism
1027:(heroism)
1019:Bhayānaka
1015:(disgust)
918:844547798
856:146497587
787:170763219
701:(1): 49.
518:(1): 81.
437:śāntarasa
421:śāntarasa
403:śāntarasa
397:śāntarasa
390:Reception
383:śāntarasa
360:śāntarasa
338:śāntarasa
320:śāntarasa
317:portrays
262:śāntarasa
222:śāntarasa
215:śāntarasa
199:śāntarasa
189:Anonymous
183:emotions.
158:śāntarasa
148:śāntarasa
131:Etymology
100:śāntarasa
80:saṃsthitā
74:śāntarasa
38:santarasa
20:Śāntarasa
3801:Pronouns
3774:Language
3717:Sanskrit
3655:Category
3606:Glossary
3574:Buddhism
3540:Hindutva
3500:Calendar
3381:Haridwar
3359:Vaisakhi
3354:Puthandu
3244:Sannyasa
3161:Keshanta
2992:Shashthi
2828:Trimurti
2655:Nitisara
2628:Ramayana
2623:Itihasas
2595:Jyotisha
2537:Ayurveda
2529:Upavedas
2510:Mandukya
2455:Aitareya
2437:Aranyaka
2432:Brahmana
2406:Samaveda
2331:Charvaka
2131:Concepts
2112:Timeline
2104:Glossary
2087:Hinduism
2028:Category
1960:Axiology
1829:(c. 500)
1819:(c. 100)
1694:Judgment
1649:Emotions
1644:Elegance
1624:Cuteness
1597:Feminine
1560:Concepts
1529:Tanizaki
1509:Schiller
1494:Richards
1484:Rancière
1454:Maritain
1389:Hanslick
1329:Benjamin
1201:Feminism
1170:Theology
1150:Medieval
1140:Japanese
1135:Internet
1033:(wonder)
1021:(horror)
1013:Bībhatsa
821:40872716
773:(1): 2.
678:(1): 87.
377:vīrarasa
268:vīrarasa
265:and not
257:Rāmāyaṇa
186:—
177:Overview
167:Buddhist
125:Rāmāyaṇa
95:Vairāgya
24:Sanskrit
3996:Tagalog
3981:English
3838:Origin
3832:Scripts
3823:Prosody
3791:Grammar
3644:Outline
3594:Sikhism
3589:Judaism
3584:Jainism
3465:Related
3441:Namaste
3294:Ramlila
3224:Ashrama
3212:Vaishya
3202:Brahmin
3025:Worship
2977:Rukmini
2967:Matrika
2940:Parvati
2935:Lakshmi
2925:Tridevi
2880:Krishna
2865:Hanuman
2860:Ganesha
2811:Deities
2697:Tantras
2687:Stotras
2640:Puranas
2585:Nirukta
2575:Chandas
2570:Shiksha
2562:Vedanga
2515:Prashna
2505:Mundaka
2427:Samhita
2396:Rigveda
2327:Nāstika
2312:Advaita
2299:Vedanta
2294:Mīmāṃsā
2274:Samkhya
2262:Schools
2250:Akrodha
2169:Saṃsāra
2149:Ishvara
2139:Brahman
2023:Outline
1938:Related
1805:Poetics
1773:Tragedy
1763:Sublime
1736:Quality
1721:Mimesis
1679:Harmony
1664:Fashion
1639:Ecstasy
1634:Disgust
1550:more...
1519:Scruton
1444:Lyotard
1379:Goodman
1359:Deleuze
1294:Aquinas
1284:Alberti
1257:more...
1236:Realism
1216:Marxism
1196:Fascism
1179:Schools
1165:Science
1120:Ancient
1047:Related
1031:Adbhuta
1007:Kāruṇya
997:(mirth)
989:Śṛṅgāra
792:27 June
617:3204783
561:27 June
443:Mammaṭa
365:Kalhaṇa
287:akhyana
234:nirveda
109:Kashmir
105:Bharata
42:transl.
29:शान्तरस
3665:Portal
3569:Baháʼí
3473:Hindus
3451:Tilaka
3420:Others
3396:Ujjain
3391:Prayag
3386:Nashik
3326:Pongal
3264:Diwali
3217:Shudra
3176:Vivaha
3083:Dhyāna
3058:Bhajan
3048:Bhakti
3033:Temple
2987:Shakti
2895:Varuna
2838:Vishnu
2833:Brahma
2682:Sutras
2618:Agamas
2374:Smriti
2305:Dvaita
2270:Āstika
2215:Asteya
2210:Ahimsa
2196:Moksha
2181:Dharma
2094:topics
1929:(2009)
1919:(1977)
1909:(1946)
1899:(1939)
1889:(1935)
1879:(1934)
1869:(1933)
1859:(1891)
1849:(1835)
1839:(1757)
1706:Kitsch
1684:Humour
1614:Comedy
1592:Beauty
1534:Vasari
1524:Tagore
1499:Ruskin
1439:Lukács
1429:Langer
1374:Goethe
1299:Balázs
1279:Adorno
1160:Nature
1125:Africa
1003:(fury)
1001:Raudra
991:(love)
934:
916:
854:
819:
785:
732:
615:
532:599651
530:
314:kāvyas
283:Śāstra
113:Vamana
3986:Hindi
3926:Epics
3921:Drama
3811:Verbs
3796:Nouns
3579:Islam
3557:India
3446:Bindi
3429:Other
3369:Ugadi
3364:Vishu
3197:Varna
3078:Tapas
3068:Yajna
3038:Murti
2972:Radha
2952:Durga
2947:Bhumi
2890:Surya
2870:Indra
2843:Shiva
2605:Other
2590:Kalpa
2480:Katha
2384:Vedas
2369:Śruti
2354:Texts
2284:Nyaya
2240:Damah
2230:Satya
2186:Artha
2164:Karma
2154:Atman
2108:Index
2018:Index
1787:Works
1768:Taste
1758:Style
1539:Wilde
1479:Plato
1474:Pater
1434:Lipps
1394:Hegel
1364:Dewey
1354:Danto
1334:Burke
1155:Music
1130:India
1113:Areas
1037:Śānta
1025:Veera
995:Hāsya
982:Rasas
852:S2CID
817:JSTOR
783:S2CID
613:JSTOR
528:JSTOR
370:kāvya
354:kāvya
348:kāvya
326:mokṣa
291:kāvya
228:mokṣa
204:mokṣa
3621:List
3483:List
3410:Teej
3339:Bihu
3321:Onam
3269:Holi
3073:Homa
3053:Japa
3043:Puja
3003:more
2997:Sita
2982:Sati
2957:Kali
2906:more
2900:Vayu
2885:Rama
2850:Agni
2820:Gods
2500:Kena
2470:Isha
2279:Yoga
2245:Dayā
2235:Dāna
2205:Niti
2191:Kama
2159:Maya
1742:Rasa
1700:Kama
1674:Gaze
1609:Camp
1489:Rand
1424:Klee
1414:Kant
1404:Hume
1324:Bell
932:ISBN
914:OCLC
794:2020
730:ISBN
563:2020
415:sama
309:Sītā
305:Rāma
271:and
255:and
171:Jain
123:and
90:sama
49:rasa
3495:Law
1669:Fun
1449:Man
1369:Fry
844:doi
775:doi
703:doi
605:doi
520:doi
259:is
169:or
4066::
2329::
2272::
2144:Om
1897:"
1887:"
1857:"
850:.
840:50
838:.
813:20
811:.
781:.
771:15
769:.
765:.
699:65
697:.
693:.
676:16
674:.
670:.
611:.
601:15
599:.
595:.
571:^
555:39
553:.
549:.
526:.
516:92
514:.
191:,
61:,
40:;
36:,
26::
3709:e
3702:t
3695:v
2074:e
2067:t
2060:v
1893:"
1883:"
1853:"
1098:e
1091:t
1084:v
967:e
960:t
953:v
858:.
846::
823:.
796:.
777::
738:.
711:.
705::
619:.
607::
565:.
534:.
522::
22:(
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