49:
1014:
Bentley, D. R.; Balasubramanian, S.; Swerdlow, H. P.; Smith, G. P.; Milton, J.; Brown, C. G.; Hall, K. P.; Evers, D. J.; Barnes, C. L.; Bignell, H. R.; Boutell, J. M.; Bryant, J.; Carter, R. J.; Keira
Cheetham, R.; Cox, A. J.; Ellis, D. J.; Flatbush, M. R.; Gormley, N. A.; Humphray, S. J.; Irving, L.
440:
Shankar
Balasubramanian is an internationally recognised leader in the field of nucleic acids who is distinguished for pioneering contributions to chemistry and its application to the biological and medical sciences. He is a principal inventor of the leading next generation sequencing methodology,
413:
and has remained there ever since, first as
College Lecturer, then University Lecturer (1998), University Reader in Chemical Biology (2003) and Professor of Chemical Biology (2007). He was most recently appointed Herchel Smith Professor of Medicinal Chemistry in 2008.
1503:
453:
More recently
Balasubramanian has been inventing and applying new chemical methods to study epigenetic changes to DNA bases including single base resolution sequencing of 5-formylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-methylcytosine.
737:
2093:
441:
Solexa sequencing, that has made routine, accurate, low-cost sequencing of human genomes a reality and has revolutionised biology. He has made seminal contributions to the identification, elucidation and manipulation of
2073:
1227:
Booth, M. J.; Branco, M. R.; Ficz, G.; Oxley, D.; Krueger, F.; Reik, W.; Balasubramanian, S. (2012). "Quantitative
Sequencing of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine at Single-Base Resolution".
1438:
1507:
449:. His work on the intervention of nucleic acid function using small molecules has revealed a number of molecular mechanisms that can be exploited, e.g. to modulate the biology of cancer.
1733:
2078:
315:
2068:
987:
2063:
1098:
48:
1015:
J.; Karbelashvili, M. S.; Kirk, S. M.; Li, H.; Liu, X.; Maisinger, K. S.; Murray, L. J.; Obradovic, B.; Ost, T.; Parkinson, M. L.; et al. (2008).
1451:
504:
38:
773:
Balasubramanian, S (2007). "From DNA to mountain climbing. Shankar
Balasubramanian talks to Alison Stoddart about his research and other interests".
1077:
biomodal integrates multiple modes of biology from a single sample in a single experiment to provide transformative insights into health and disease
518:
1621:
1879:
1281:"Genome-wide distribution of 5-formylcytosine in embryonic stem cells is associated with transcription and depends on thymine DNA glycosylase"
2088:
363:
1279:
Raiber, E. A.; Beraldi, D; Ficz, G; Burgess, H. E.; Branco, M. R.; Murat, P; Oxley, D; Booth, M. J.; Reik, W; Balasubramanian, S (2012).
582:
570:
182:
176:
1716:
540:
835:
2058:
1562:
991:
371:
1161:
398:
Following his PhD, Balasubramanian travelled to the United States as a SERC/NATO Research Fellow and worked in the group of
1535:
403:
211:
2083:
576:
1110:
1725:
564:
511:
422:
170:
34:
314:(born 30 September 1966) is an Indian-born British chemist and Herchel Smith Professor of Medicinal Chemistry in the
478:
354:
in 1966, Shankar
Balasubramanian moved to the UK with his parents in 1967. He grew up in a rural area just outside
327:
229:
2103:
2098:
1884:
1864:
1854:
1647:
1504:"Tetrahedron Prize for Creativity in Organic Chemistry or Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry | Elsevier"
1387:
474:
362:, and attended Daresbury Primary School, then Appleton Hall High School (which has since amalgamated to form
1930:
1819:
1673:
650:
410:
367:
319:
206:
105:
1213:
2053:
2007:
1709:
688:
551:
1413:
2048:
1834:
1794:
1596:
1343:
1237:
1028:
375:
2002:
911:
531:
399:
383:
303:
146:
1125:
1581:
1476:
1261:
418:
379:
323:
216:
1576:
1694:
962:
639:
1997:
1910:
1784:
1774:
1747:
1702:
1369:
1312:
1253:
1135:
1054:
817:
782:
747:
715:
645:
525:
158:
1935:
1874:
1809:
1359:
1351:
1302:
1292:
1245:
1147:
1044:
1036:
809:
759:
705:
697:
654:
257:
245:
2027:
2017:
1945:
1940:
1920:
1869:
1844:
1839:
1789:
1106:
658:
605:
547:
1347:
1241:
1032:
843:
2022:
1992:
1976:
1804:
1364:
1331:
1307:
1280:
1049:
1016:
710:
683:
534:
467:
426:
417:
He currently directs research laboratories in the
Department of Chemistry and also the
272:
129:
1539:
2042:
2012:
1915:
1849:
1829:
1824:
1779:
1752:
1729:
1072:
937:
484:
442:
1265:
1950:
446:
433:
334:. He is scientific founder of Solexa and biomodal (formally Cambridge Epigenetix).
331:
124:
118:
76:
665:
1330:
Booth, M. J.; Marsico, G.; Bachman, M.; Beraldi, D.; Balasubramanian, S. (2014).
1165:
558:
387:
262:
164:
152:
813:
374:, where he did his undergraduate degree from 1985 to 1988 and continued with a
1814:
1769:
1622:"Professor Sir Shankar Balasubramanian co-awarded Millennium Technology Prize"
1332:"Quantitative sequencing of 5-formylcytosine in DNA at single-base resolution"
1017:"Accurate whole human genome sequencing using reversible terminator chemistry"
906:
904:
85:
1297:
751:
1249:
1139:
1373:
1316:
1257:
1058:
821:
786:
719:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1925:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1859:
1799:
1763:
883:
701:
359:
1040:
800:
Balasubramanian, S (2013). "An interview with
Shankar Balasubramanian".
287:
1355:
355:
347:
81:
72:
878:
876:
1187:
966:
343:
239:
224:
1686:
1143:
861:
755:
497:
490:
351:
304:
https://www.cruk.cam.ac.uk/research-groups/balasubramanian-group
1698:
2094:
Members of the
University of Cambridge Department of Chemistry
25:
1563:"Honour for Trinity Fellow Professor Shankar Balasubramanian"
856:
854:
436:. His citation on election to the Royal Society reads:
330:. He is recognised for his contributions in the field of
1127:
Studies on the reaction mechanism of chorismate synthase
409:
He began his independent academic career in 1994 at the
246:
Studies on the reaction mechanism of chorismate synthase
2074:
Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization
1985:
1740:
884:"Professor Sir Shankar Balasubramanian FMedSci FRS"
282:
268:
256:
238:
199:
139:
111:
101:
93:
55:
23:
638:
1531:2014 Biochemical Society award winners announced
684:"Prevalence of quadruplexes in the human genome"
653: ed.). Oxford: A & C Black.
445:, particularly four-stranded structures called
438:
1214:"Shankar Balasubramanian | Royal Society"
1710:
1648:"Trinity Fellows awarded Breakthrough Prizes"
677:
675:
8:
682:Huppert, J. L.; Balasubramanian, S. (2005).
1585:(Supplement). 31 December 2016. p. N2.
1441:, BBSRC.ukri.org. Accessed 30 January 2023.
1164:. Fitzwilliam College. 2014. Archived from
1717:
1703:
1695:
47:
20:
1363:
1306:
1296:
1048:
709:
632:
630:
628:
626:
575:2023 Elected international member of the
505:Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
2079:Alumni of Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge
1687:Canada Gairdner International Award 2024
1501:Elsevier Tetrahedron prize winners: <
1452:"Professor Sir Shankar Balasubramanian"
1134:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
746:(PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
731:
729:
594:
519:European Molecular Biology Organization
425:. His former doctoral students include
2069:Indian emigrants to the United Kingdom
963:Shankar Balasubramanian's publications
916:Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute
600:
598:
470:Award for Innovative Organic Chemistry
432:Balasubramanian works in the field of
2064:Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge
606:"Find people in the EMBO Communities"
554:for services to science and medicine.
7:
888:Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry
1597:"Royal Medals | Royal Society"
659:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.256669
610:Find people in the EMBO Communities
583:Canada Gairdner International Award
571:Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
183:Canada Gairdner International Award
177:Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
541:Chemical Research Society of India
421:(CRUK) Cambridge Institute at the
326:Cambridge Institute and Fellow of
14:
1162:"Fitz alumni on top science list"
1124:Balasubramanian, Shankar (1991).
739:Studies on genomic G-quadruplexes
988:"History of Illumina Sequencing"
862:"University of Cambridge, 2013.
836:"University of Cambridge, 2011.
640:"Balasubramanian, Prof. Shankar"
500:Commercial Innovator of the Year
1456:The Academy of Medical Sciences
802:Trends in Biochemical Sciences
372:Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge
1:
1529:Biochemical Society, 2009–12.
1414:"Royal Society Mullard Award"
736:Huppert, Julian Leon (2005).
517:2012 Elected a member of the
404:Pennsylvania State University
322:, Senior Group Leader at the
212:Pennsylvania State University
2089:Fellows of the Royal Society
666:UK public library membership
577:National Academy of Sciences
462:Honours and awards include:
1439:BBSRC Innovator of the Year
565:Millennium Technology Prize
512:Fellow of the Royal Society
443:non-coding genetic elements
423:Cambridge Biomedical Campus
366:). He went on to study the
312:Sir Shankar Balasubramanian
171:Millennium Technology Prize
16:Indian-born British chemist
2120:
1936:Krishnaswamy VijayRaghavan
1392:Royal Society of Chemistry
864:The Balasubramanian Group.
814:10.1016/j.tibs.2013.02.006
479:Royal Society of Chemistry
328:Trinity College, Cambridge
230:Trinity College, Cambridge
1652:Trinity College Cambridge
1626:Trinity College Cambridge
1477:"Shankar Balasubramanian"
1099:"Shankar BALASUBRAMANIAN"
1073:"Shankar Balasubramanian"
942:Trinity College Cambridge
838:Herchel Smith Academics .
278:
192:
46:
1298:10.1186/gb-2012-13-8-r69
969:bibliographic database.
2059:Scientists from Chennai
1931:Mathukumalli Vidyasagar
1758:Shankar Balasubramanian
1250:10.1126/science.1220671
971:(subscription required)
912:"Balasubramanian Group"
651:Oxford University Press
535:Heatley Medal and Prize
411:University of Cambridge
368:Natural Sciences Tripos
364:Bridgewater High School
320:University of Cambridge
316:Department of Chemistry
207:University of Cambridge
106:University of Cambridge
30:Shankar Balasubramanian
1388:"Corday-Morgan Prizes"
938:"Master & Fellows"
689:Nucleic Acids Research
451:
1964:Timothy John Williams
1875:Trevor John McDougall
1192:Balasubramanian Group
1103:companieshouse.gov.uk
552:2017 New Year Honours
493:Innovator of the Year
1835:Chandrashekhar Khare
846:on 17 November 2012.
775:Molecular BioSystems
378:for research on the
221:Cambridge Epigenetix
2084:British biochemists
2003:Avelino Corma Canos
1654:. 10 September 2021
1510:on 9 September 2014
1483:. 19 September 2015
1394:. 10 September 2020
1348:2014NatCh...6..435B
1242:2012Sci...336..934B
1168:on 22 February 2014
1041:10.1038/nature07517
1033:2008Natur.456...53B
532:Biochemical Society
483:2009 Royal Society
475:Corday–Morgan Medal
400:Stephen J. Benkovic
394:Career and research
384:chorismate synthase
147:Corday-Morgan Prize
1582:The London Gazette
1565:. 10 January 2017.
1533:Available at: <
1420:. 12 November 2021
1356:10.1038/nchem.1893
1148:uk.bl.ethos.386780
985:Available at: <
944:. 10 November 2021
918:. 6 September 2021
760:uk.bl.ethos.604822
702:10.1093/nar/gki609
458:Honours and awards
419:Cancer Research UK
380:reaction mechanism
324:Cancer Research UK
217:Cancer Research UK
2036:
2035:
1998:Ralph J. Cicerone
1926:Hywel Rhys Thomas
1911:Margaret Robinson
1795:Garret FitzGerald
1785:Michele Dougherty
1775:Jeremy Burroughes
1748:Varinder Aggarwal
1236:(6083): 934–937.
1079:. 19 January 2020
994:on 9 October 2014
664:(Subscription or
526:Tetrahedron Prize
477:and Prize of the
309:
308:
269:Doctoral students
194:Scientific career
159:Tetrahedron Prize
130:Solexa sequencing
66:30 September 1966
2111:
2104:Tamil scientists
2099:Knights Bachelor
1905:Michael Petrides
1810:Alasdair Houston
1719:
1712:
1705:
1696:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1601:royalsociety.org
1593:
1587:
1586:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1538:. Archived from
1527:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1506:. Archived from
1499:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1448:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1367:
1336:Nature Chemistry
1327:
1321:
1320:
1310:
1300:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1194:. 19 August 2016
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1109:. Archived from
1095:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1052:
1011:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
990:. Archived from
981:Illumina, 2013.
979:
973:
972:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
908:
899:
898:
896:
894:
880:
871:
869:
858:
849:
847:
842:. Archived from
832:
826:
825:
797:
791:
790:
770:
764:
763:
733:
724:
723:
713:
696:(9): 2908–2916.
679:
670:
669:
662:
642:
634:
621:
620:
618:
616:
602:
302:
299:
297:
295:
293:
291:
289:
258:Doctoral advisor
252:
69:
65:
63:
51:
41:
21:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2028:Reinhard Genzel
2018:Paul R. Ehrlich
1981:
1971:Stephen Withers
1946:Gabriel Waksman
1941:Tejinder Virdee
1870:David MacMillan
1845:Tony Kouzarides
1840:David Klenerman
1790:Christopher Dye
1764:Philip Bartlett
1736:
1723:
1693:
1692:
1685:
1681:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1631:
1629:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1545:
1543:
1542:on 16 June 2013
1534:
1528:
1524:
1513:
1511:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1486:
1484:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1458:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1437:
1433:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1397:
1395:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1169:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1113:on 6 July 2016.
1107:Companies House
1097:
1096:
1092:
1082:
1080:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1027:(7218): 53–59.
1013:
1012:
1008:
997:
995:
986:
983:SBS Technology.
980:
976:
970:
965:indexed by the
961:
957:
947:
945:
936:
935:
931:
921:
919:
910:
909:
902:
892:
890:
882:
881:
874:
860:
859:
852:
834:
833:
829:
799:
798:
794:
772:
771:
767:
735:
734:
727:
681:
680:
673:
663:
636:
635:
624:
614:
612:
604:
603:
596:
591:
548:Knight Bachelor
546:2017 Appointed
510:2012 Elected a
503:2011 Elected a
460:
396:
340:
286:
250:
234:
188:
135:
102:Alma mater
89:
79:
70:
67:
61:
59:
42:
33:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2117:
2115:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2041:
2040:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2023:Zhou Guangzhao
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1993:Bonnie Bassler
1989:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1977:Daniel Wolpert
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1805:Hermann Hauser
1802:
1800:Patrick Fowler
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1690:
1679:
1665:
1639:
1613:
1588:
1568:
1554:
1536:"2014 Winners"
1522:
1494:
1468:
1443:
1431:
1405:
1379:
1322:
1285:Genome Biology
1271:
1219:
1205:
1179:
1153:
1116:
1090:
1064:
1006:
974:
955:
929:
900:
872:
850:
827:
792:
765:
725:
671:
622:
593:
592:
590:
587:
586:
585:
579:
573:
567:
561:
555:
544:
537:
528:
522:
515:
508:
501:
494:
487:
481:
471:
468:Glaxo Wellcome
459:
456:
447:G-quadruplexes
427:Julian Huppert
406:(1991–1993).
395:
392:
386:supervised by
382:of the enzyme
339:
336:
307:
306:
284:
280:
279:
276:
275:
273:Julian Huppert
270:
266:
265:
260:
254:
253:
242:
236:
235:
233:
232:
227:
222:
219:
214:
209:
203:
201:
197:
196:
190:
189:
187:
186:
180:
174:
168:
162:
156:
150:
143:
141:
137:
136:
134:
133:
127:
125:G-quadruplexes
122:
115:
113:
112:Known for
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
71:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
32:
29:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2116:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2054:Living people
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2013:Denis Duboule
2011:
2009:
2008:Jack E. Dixon
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:Brian Schmidt
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1885:Andrew Millar
1883:
1881:
1880:John McNamara
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1865:Ian MacLennan
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1850:Russell Lande
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1830:Rich Kerswell
1828:
1826:
1825:Dominic Joyce
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
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