537:"Shakespeare's blank verse is one of the most important of all his influences on the way the English language was written". He used the blank verse throughout in his writing career experimenting and perfecting it. The free speech rhythm gave Shakespeare more freedom for experimentation. "Adaptation of free speech rhythm to the fixed blank-verse framework is an outstanding feature of Shakespeare's poetry". The striking choice of words in commonplace blank verse influenced "the run of the verse itself, expanding into images which eventually seem to bear significant repetition, and to form, with the presentation of character and action correspondingly developed, a more subtle and suggestive unity". Expressing emotions and situations in form of a verse gave a natural flow to language with an added sense of flexibility and spontaneity.
342:, poetry, and drama. To the versification of the English language, he imparted his eloquence and variety giving highest expressions with elasticity of language. The second, the sonnets and poetry, was bound in structure. He imparted economy and intensity to the language. In the third and the most important area, the drama, he saved the language from vagueness and vastness and infused actuality and vividness. Shakespeare's work in prose, poetry, and drama marked the beginning of the modernization of English language by introduction of words and expressions, style and form to the language.
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311:. Nine out of eighteen plays he produced in the first decade of his career were chronicles or histories. His histories were based on the prevailing Tudor political thought. They portrayed the follies and achievements of kings, their misgovernment, church and problems arising out of these. "In shaping, compressing, and altering chronicles, Shakespeare gained the art of dramatic design; and in the same way he developed his remarkable insight into character, its continuity and its variation". His characters were very near to reality.
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prevailing political spirit of the play", throws insight into the different situations arising in the play. This shows that
Shakespeare had developed a capacity to see the plays as whole, something more than characters and expressions added together. In the Falstaff trilogy, through the character of Falstaff, he wants to show that in society "where touchstone of conduct is a success, and in which humanity has to accommodate itself to the claims of expediency, there is no place for Falstaff", a loyal human being.
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used in conversation and language today. These include, but are not limited to; "seen better days, strange bedfellows, a sorry sight," and "full circle". Shakespeare added a considerable number of words to the
English language when compared to additions to English vocabulary made in other times. Shakespeare helped to further develop style and structure to an otherwise loose, spontaneous language. Written
526:, there is "perfect meter-abundance of rime , plenty of prose, the arrangement in stanza". After these two comedies, he kept experimenting until he reached a maturity of style. "Shakespeare's experimental use of trend and style, as well as the achieved development of his blank verses, are all evidence of his creative invention and influences". Through experimentation of
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Many critics and scholars consider
Shakespeare's first plays experimental and believe the playwright was still learning from his own mistakes. Gradually his language followed the "natural process of artistic growth, to find its adequate projection in dramatic form". As he continued experimenting, his
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form was limited structurally, in theme and in expressions. The liveliness of
Shakespeare's language and strict discipline of the sonnets imparted economy and intensity to his writing style. "It encouraged the association of compression with a depth of content and variety of emotional response to a
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points out the findings of historian
Jonathan Hope who wrote in "Shakespeare's 'Native English'" that "the Victorian scholars who read texts for the first edition of the OED paid special attention to Shakespeare: his texts were read more thoroughly and cited more often, so he is often credited with
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from the classical literature and foreign languages. He created these words by "changing nouns into verbs, changing verbs into adjectives, connecting words never before used together, adding prefixes and suffixes, and devising words wholly original." Many of
Shakespeare's original phrases are still
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He introduced in poetry two main factors – "verbal immediacy and the moulding of stress to the movement of living emotion". Shakespeare's words reflected the passage of time with "fresh, concrete vividness" giving the reader an idea of the time frame. His remarkable capacity to analyze and express
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trilogy is in this respect very important. Falstaff, although a minor character, has a powerful reality of his own. "Shakespeare uses him as a commentator who passes judgments on events represented in the play, in the light of his own superabundant comic vitality". Falstaff, although outside "the
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Shakespeare introduced or invented countless words in his plays, with estimates of the number in the several thousands. Warren King clarifies by saying that, "In all of his work – the plays, the sonnets and the narrative poems – Shakespeare uses 17,677 words: Of those, 1,700 were first used by
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binding the expression. While lack of prescribed grammatical rules introduced vagueness in literature, it also expressed feelings with profound vividness and emotion which created, "freedom of expression" and "vividness of presentment". It was a language which expressed feelings explicitly.
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is an outstanding example of "groundlings" quickness and response. Use of groundlings enhanced
Shakespeare's work practically and artistically. He represented English people more concretely and not as puppets. His skills have found expression in chronicles, or history plays, and tragedies.
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Shakespeare's writings greatly influenced the entire
English language. Prior to and during Shakespeare's time, the grammar and rules of English were not standardized. But once Shakespeare's plays became popular in the late seventeenth and eighteenth century, they helped contribute to the
366:. Examples of this influence include the large number of Shakespearean quotations throughout Dickens' writings and the fact that at least 25 of Dickens' titles are drawn from Shakespeare, while Melville frequently used Shakespearean devices, including formal stage directions and extended
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structure in prose and poetry of his plays to reach the masses and the result was "a constant two way exchange between learned and the popular, together producing the unique combination of racy tang and the majestic stateliness that informs the language of
Shakespeare".
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is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the history of the
English language, and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He transformed European theatre by expanding expectations about what could be accomplished through innovation in
510:, decasyllables have been used throughout. "There is a considerable pause; and though the inflexibility of the line sound is little affected by it, there is a certain running over of sense". His work is still experimental in
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Shakespeare remains the world’s best-selling playwright, with sales of his plays and poetry believed to have achieved in excess of four billion copies in the over 400 years since his death. He is also the third
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Shakespeare's works have been a major influence on subsequent theatre. He developed theatre to an amazing extent and changed the way theatre is today. Shakespeare created some of the most admired plays in
263:, Shakespeare showed how plays could explore a character's inner motivations and conflict (up until Shakespeare, soliloquies were often used by playwrights to "introduce , convey information, provide an
216:. Scholars estimate that, between the years 1500 and 2018, nouns, verbs, pronouns and modifiers of Latin, Greek and modern Romance languages added 30,000 new words to the English language.
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had become widely used with the expansion of philosophy, theology and physical sciences, but many writers lacked the vocabulary to express such ideas. To accommodate this, writers such as
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make him more acclaimed than any of his contemporaries. Humanism and contact with popular thinking gave vitality to his language. Shakespeare's plays borrowed ideas from popular sources,
259:, Shakespeare mixed tragedy and comedy together to create a new romantic tragedy genre (previous to Shakespeare, romance had not been considered a worthy topic for tragedy). Through his
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began writing his plays, the English language was rapidly absorbing words from other languages due to wars, exploration, diplomacy and colonization. By the age of Elizabeth,
281:, Shakespeare had deliberately brought together two plots of different origins. Shakespeare's work is also lauded for its insight into emotion. His themes regarding the
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standardization of the English language, with many Shakespearean words and phrases becoming embedded in the English language, particularly through projects such as
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384:, is a classic Shakespearean tragic figure, "a great man brought down by his faults." Shakespeare has also influenced a number of English poets, especially
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being ranked among the world's greatest plays), and transformed English theatre by expanding expectations about what could be accomplished through plot and
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which quoted Shakespeare more than any other writer. He expanded the scope of English literature by introducing new words and phrases, experimenting with
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by William Shakespeare, Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 49–50. In her discussion about gamma the play's genre, Levenson quotes scholar H.B. Charlton
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widely in his plays. The use of groundlings "saved the drama from academic stiffness and preserved its essential bias towards entertainment in comedy".
253:, Shakespeare "integrated characterization with plot," such that if the main character was different in any way, the plot would be totally changed. In
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and William Shakespeare expressed new ideas and distinctions by inventing, borrowing or adopting a word or a phrase from another language, known as
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style of writing found many manifestations in plays. The dialogues in his plays were written in verse form and followed a decasyllabic rule. In
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English stylistically closely followed the spoken language. The naturalness gave force and freedom since there was no formalized prescriptive
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His plays exhibited "spectacular violence, with loose and episodic plotting, and with a mingling of comedy with tragedy". In
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In the sonnet above, he has expressed in very simple words "complex and even contradictory attitudes to a single emotion".
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Shakespeare's earliest years were dominated by history plays and a few comedies that formed a link to the later written
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degree unparalleled in English". Complex human emotions found simple expressions in Shakespeare's language.
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134:. Shakespeare's writings have also impacted many notable novelists and poets over the years, including
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Shakespeare influenced many writers in the following centuries, including major novelists such as
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The Cambridge history of English and American literature: An encyclopedia in eighteen volumes
1406:"XX. The Language from Chaucer to Shakespeare – 11. Elizabethan English as a literary medium"
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Samuel Johnson's Dictionary: Selections from the 1755 Work that Defined the English Language
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the first use of words, or senses of words, which can, in fact, be found in other writers."
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A.W. Ward; A.R. Waller; W.P. Trent; J. Erskine; S.P. Sherman; C. Van Doren, eds. (2000) .
1093:. Great Britain: Penguin Books. pp. 16, 51, 54–55, 64, 71, 87, 179, 184, 187–88, 197.
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Masterplots: 1,801 Plot Stories and Critical Evaluations of the World's Finest Literature
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Masterplots: 1,801 Plot Stories and Critical Evaluations of the World's Finest Literature
402:. Shakespeare's writings were so influential to English poetry of the 1800s that critic
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1412:. Vol. III. Renascence and Reformation. Cambridge, England: University Press.
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Mabillard, Amanda. Why Study Shakespeare? Shakespeare Online. 20 Aug 2000.<
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as a literary medium was unfixed in structure and vocabulary in comparison to
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Mazzeno, Laurence W.; Frank Northen Magilsadasdasdls; Dayton Kohler (1996) .
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have passed into everyday usage in English and other languages. According to
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While it is probable that Shakespeare created many new words, an article in
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The influence of English playwright, poet, and actor, William Shakespeare
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Robert Steven Levine (editor). Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 82.
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Shakespeare's gift involved using the exuberance of the language and
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http://www.shakespeare-online.com/biography/whystudyshakespeare.html
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Mazzeno, Laurence W.; Frank Northen Magills; Dayton Kohler (1996) .
376:. In fact, Shakespeare so influenced Melville that the novel's main
858:"William Shakespeare:Ten startling Great Bard-themed world records"
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after the various writers of the Bible; many of his quotations and
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189:
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by William Shakespeare, Barron's Educational Series, 2002, p. 12.
1309:"Words Shakespeare Invented: List of Words Shakespeare Invented"
314:"Shakespeare's characters are more sharply individualized after
1459:
1436:. News.nationalgeographic.com. 28 October 2010. Archived from
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Thomas Hardy Reappraised: Essays in Honour of Michael Millgate
459:, and also introducing new poetic and grammatical structures.
29:
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extends from theater and literatures to present-day movies,
396:, a modern theme Shakespeare anticipated in plays such as
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Shakespeare united the three main streams of literature:
1226:. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 22.
808:. Cranberry, NJ: Associated University Presses. p. 82.
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has called all English poetic dramas from Coleridge to
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1119:
Shakespeare and Southern Writers: A Study in Influence
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The Literary Encyclopedia entry on William Shakespeare
958:"Michael Billington's 101 Greatest Plays of All Time"
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by Herman Melville, Spark Publishing, 2003, p. xxvi.
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substitution and decasyllabic rule he developed the
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1134:Shakespeare and Dickens: The Dynamics of Influence
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790:Shakespeare and Dickens: The Dynamics of Influence
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1285:. Delray Beach, FL: Levenger Press (2002), p. 12.
1254:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1193:Watkins, Michael; Beolens, Bo (30 January 2015).
841:The Columbia Dictionary of Shakespeare Quotations
1434:"Shakespeare's Coined Words Now Common Currency"
1375:"Shakespeare's Coined Words Now Common Currency"
783:
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602:Reich, John J.; Cunningham, Lawrence S. (2005),
1121:. University Press of Mississippi. p. 124.
550:"When my love swears that she is made of truth,
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604:Culture And Values: A Survey of the Humanities
1471:
410:"feeble variations on Shakespearean themes."
346:Influence on European and American literature
43:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1182:. Susquehanna University Press. p. 108.
192:, and was in a constant state of flux. When
1037:creating a new genre of "romantic tragedy."
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2001:
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1163:The Cambridge Companion to Herman Melville
1151:. Cambridge University Press. p. 186.
1136:. Cambridge University Press. p. 251.
792:. Cambridge University Press. p. 163.
552:I do believe her, though I know she lies–"
534:to perfection and introduced a new style.
925:Brown, Calvin Smith; Harrison, Robert L.
877:"The 422 Words That Shakespeare Invented"
546:emotions in simple words was noteworthy:
414:Organisms named after Shakespeare's works
330:has more "humanity and comic gusto". The
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
1333:. Shakespeare-online.com. 20 August 2000
1161:Bryant, John. "Moby Dick as Revolution"
1084:
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1080:
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468:Shakespeare." He is also well known for
1353:"Phrases coined by William Shakespeare"
1180:Shakespeare: Text, Subtext, and Context
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929:Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970, p. 4.
901:. Edinburgh University Press. pp.
805:Victorian Appropriations of Shakespeare
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1220:Knapp, Sandra; Chase, Mark W. (2021).
1199:. Pelagic Publishing Ltd. p. 72.
1107:University of Toronto Press, 2006, 38.
326:are complex and solid figures whereas
2230:Complete Works of William Shakespeare
1311:. Nosweatshakespeare.com. 6 July 2011
1103:Millgate, Michael and Wilson, Keith,
173:Shakespeare in Original Pronunciation
7:
1029:Levenson, Jill L. "Introduction" to
452:A Dictionary of the English Language
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983:. Oxford University Press. p.
975:Chambers, Edmund Kerchever (1944).
733:. Oxford University Press. p.
725:Chambers, Edmund Kerchever (1944).
117:, and the English language itself.
2405:Shakespeare's influence on Tolkien
606:, Thomson Wadsworth, p. 102,
440:Influence on the English language
25:
161:most translated author in history
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2580:
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1933:
687:Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia
34:
1381:. 22 April 2004. Archived from
940:"The 50 Best Plays of All Time"
927:Masterworks of World Literature
897:Landmarks in English Literature
657:MSN Encarta Online Encyclopedia
111:William Shakespeare's influence
2410:Works titled after Shakespeare
1234:(inactive 12 September 2024).
875:Litcharts (30 November 2017).
771:Hovde, Carl F. "Introduction"
631:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
249:. Specifically, in plays like
167:Changes in English at the time
156:Guinness Book of World Records
1:
2570:Shakespeare and other authors
2452:Shakespeare Birthplace Trust
1331:"Words Shakespeare Invented"
1196:Sharks: An Eponym Dictionary
1178:Dotterer, Ronald L. (1989).
1006:. Salen Press. p. 2837.
843:, edited by Mary Foakes and
756:. Salen Press. p. 2837.
18:Shakespeare's influence
2258:English Renaissance theatre
2101:The Second Maiden's Tragedy
2080:The Merry Devil of Edmonton
1612:The Two Gentlemen of Verona
1379:National Geographic Society
57:, discuss the issue on the
2637:
2426:Folger Shakespeare Library
1972:The Phoenix and the Turtle
1562:The Merry Wives of Windsor
1147:Gager, Valerie L. (1996).
1132:Gager, Valerie L. (1996).
788:Gager, Valerie L. (1996).
714:. Oxford University Press.
170:
2564:
2445:Royal Shakespeare Theatre
2440:Royal Shakespeare Company
1931:
1569:A Midsummer Night's Dream
1513:All's Well That Ends Well
1232:10.7208/9780226779706-003
1089:Borris Ford, ed. (1955).
1048:Shakespeare's Soliloquies
710:Miola, Robert S. (2000).
633:. Encyclopædia Britannica
101:National Portrait Gallery
1583:Pericles, Prince of Tyre
1050:Routledge, 1987, p. 179.
1020:Routledge, 2005, p. 118.
293:. Shakespeare also used
289:, street pamphlets, and
1591:The Taming of the Shrew
979:Shakespearean Gleanings
831:, accessed 22 June 2006
802:Sawyer, Robert (2003).
729:Shakespearean Gleanings
392:who were obsessed with
390:Samuel Taylor Coleridge
2273:Lord Chamberlain's Men
2184:The Passionate Pilgrim
1957:comparison to Petrarch
1576:Much Ado About Nothing
1555:The Merchant of Venice
1091:The Age of Shakespeare
862:Guinness World Records
829:University of Delaware
560:
436:, a genus of orchids.
148:English-speaking world
107:
2463:Shakespeare Institute
2432:Shakespeare Quarterly
1951:Shakespeare's sonnets
1619:The Two Noble Kinsmen
1223:Extraordinary orchids
1046:Clemen, Wolfgang H.,
712:Shakespeare's Reading
683:"William Shakespeare"
653:"William Shakespeare"
627:"William Shakespeare"
99:William Shakespeare (
98:
2319:Spelling of his name
2159:Vortigern and Rowena
2137:Thomas Lord Cromwell
1717:Troilus and Cressida
1647:Antony and Cleopatra
1541:Love's Labour's Lost
1527:The Comedy of Errors
1016:Frye, Roland Mushat
523:The Comedy of Errors
517:Love's Labour's Lost
316:Love's Labour's Lost
220:Influence on theatre
178:Early Modern English
63:create a new article
55:improve this article
45:may not represent a
2621:William Shakespeare
2543:Richard Shakespeare
2525:Gilbert Shakespeare
2457:Shakespeare's Globe
2362:Authorship question
2357:Attribution studies
2324:Stratford-upon-Avon
2166:A Yorkshire Tragedy
2144:Thomas of Woodstock
2130:The Spanish Tragedy
2071:Love's Labour's Won
2063:The London Prodigal
2020:The Birth of Merlin
1979:The Rape of Lucrece
1965:A Lover's Complaint
1845:Quarto publications
1548:Measure for Measure
1487:William Shakespeare
1355:. The Phrase Finder
964:. 2 September 2015.
493:National Geographic
267:or reveal plans").
210:Christopher Marlowe
194:William Shakespeare
119:William Shakespeare
2616:Legacies by person
2537:Edmund Shakespeare
2495:Hamnet Shakespeare
2392:Screen adaptations
2115:Sir John Oldcastle
2013:Arden of Faversham
394:self-consciousness
227:Western literature
115:Western philosophy
108:
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2507:Elizabeth Barnard
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1627:The Winter's Tale
1206:978-1-78427-037-7
1117:Kolin, Philip C.
557:(Sonnet CXXXVIII)
206:Sir Philip Sidney
103:), in the famous
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65:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
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2531:Joan Shakespeare
2513:John Shakespeare
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2397:Shakespeare and
2108:Sejanus His Fall
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2035:Double Falsehood
2002:
1986:Venus and Adonis
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1710:Titus Andronicus
1696:Romeo and Juliet
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864:. 23 April 2014.
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663:on 10 April 2008
659:. Archived from
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599:
580:Shakespeare and
558:
512:Titus Andronicus
508:Titus Andronicus
364:William Faulkner
256:Romeo and Juliet
124:characterization
105:Chandos portrait
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2557:(son-in-law)
2551:(son-in-law)
2489:Susanna Hall
2430:
2419:Institutions
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2243:Coat of arms
2236:Translations
2228:
2224:Bibliography
2191:To the Queen
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2018:
2011:
1984:
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1911:Performances
1855:Second Folio
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1518:
1511:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:the original
1428:
1409:
1399:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1369:
1357:. Retrieved
1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1325:
1313:. Retrieved
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847:, June 1998.
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690:. Retrieved
686:
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665:. Retrieved
661:the original
656:
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635:. Retrieved
630:
621:
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581:
564:
561:
549:
544:
536:
528:tri-syllabic
521:
515:
511:
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484:decasyllabic
466:
450:
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382:Captain Ahab
371:
360:Thomas Hardy
349:
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240:
230:
223:
176:
144:Maya Angelou
110:
109:
92:
77:
68:
44:
2595:WikiProject
2282:The Theatre
2268:Handwriting
2094:The Puritan
1885:Characters
1850:First Folio
1818:Richard III
1598:The Tempest
1444:10 December
1337:10 December
1315:10 December
1018:Shakespeare
532:blank verse
501:Blank verse
475:Elizabethan
457:blank verse
428:houndsharks
368:soliloquies
328:Richard III
324:Bolingbroke
295:groundlings
261:soliloquies
214:neologising
2610:Categories
2519:Mary Arden
2503:(daughter)
2491:(daughter)
2367:Bardolatry
2277:King's Men
2219:Birthplace
1906:Chronology
1825:Henry VIII
1752:Richard II
1744:Edward III
1654:Coriolanus
962:thegurdian
589:References
463:Vocabulary
378:antagonist
320:Richard II
271:Characters
265:exposition
171:See also:
152:neologisms
2549:John Hall
2539:(brother)
2527:(brother)
2459:(replica)
2399:Star Trek
2387:Memorials
2382:Influence
2372:Festivals
2314:Sexuality
2304:Portraits
2299:New Place
2151:Ur-Hamlet
2087:Mucedorus
1997:Apocrypha
1737:King John
1728:Histories
1675:King Lear
1638:Tragedies
1534:Cymbeline
1250:cite book
773:Moby-Dick
582:Star Trek
470:borrowing
373:Moby-Dick
309:tragedies
278:King Lear
242:King Lear
59:talk page
2585:Category
2533:(sister)
2521:(mother)
2515:(father)
2027:Cardenio
1916:Settings
1864:See also
1787:Henry VI
1758:Henry IV
1504:Comedies
893:(1998).
574:See also
555:—
433:Oberonia
416:include
408:Tennyson
388:such as
332:Falstaff
247:language
128:language
126:, plot,
53:You may
2377:Gardens
2253:Editors
2056:Locrine
2049:Fair Em
1881:Henriad
1780:Henry V
1689:Othello
1682:Macbeth
1389:31 July
1359:31 July
944:timeout
692:14 June
667:14 June
637:14 June
479:grammar
318:". His
291:sermons
232:Macbeth
198:English
2574:† Lost
2485:(wife)
2476:Family
2349:Legacy
1921:Scenes
1661:Hamlet
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2176:Poems
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1943:Poems
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