3277:
606:
2546:
548:
3283:
409:
2557:
133:
2563:
111:
3271:
2036:
2552:
2030:
2042:
499:
had a ribcage slightly less than 2 metres (6.6 ft) deep despite a distance of over 7 metres (23 ft) between its flippers. With its unusually short, toothless snout (compared to the longer, toothed, dolphin-like snouts of most ichthyosaurs), it had been proposed that
516:. However, current research indicates that the jaws of shastasaurid ichthyosaurs do not fit the suction-feeding profile, since their short and narrow hyoid bones are unsuitable to withstand impact forces for such kind of feeding, and since some species like
1182:
Kelley, Neil P.; Irmis, Randall B.; dePolo, Paige E.; Noble, Paula J.; Montague-Judd, Danielle; Little, Holly; Blundell, Jon; Rasmussen, Cornelia; Percival, Lawrence M.E.; Mather, Tamsin A.; Pyenson, Nicholas D. (December 2022).
578:. It is known only from fragmentary remains, which have led to the assumption that it was a 'normal' ichthyosaur in terms of proportions, especially skull proportions. Several species of long-snouted ichthyosaur were referred to
1451:
Dal Sasso & Pinna, 1996 (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Middle
Triassic Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio, Italy/Switzerland: taxonomic and palaeobiological implications"
3439:
3385:
1349:
Nicholls, E. L.; Manabe, M. (2001). "A new genus of ichthyosaur from the Late
Triassic Pardonet Formation of British Columbia: bridging the Triassic-Jurassic gap".
1574:
1523:
Xiaofeng, W.; Bachmann, G. H.; Hagdorn, H.; Sander, P. M.; Cuny, G.; Xiaohong, C.; Chuanshang, W.; Lide, C.; Long, C.; Fansong, M.; Guanghong, X. U. (2008).
636:
probably also had a short snout, although its skull is incompletely known. However, a new juvenile specimen discovered in 2013 shows that the hyoid bone of
3276:
1525:"The Late Triassic Black Shales of the Guanling Area, Guizhou Province, South-West China: A Unique Marine Reptile and Pelagic Crinoid Fossil Lagerstätte"
3469:
3372:
3444:
3479:
937:
3474:
3454:
2545:
894:
1242:"An Upper Triassic (Norian) ichthyosaur (Reptilia, Ichthyopterygia) from northern Alaska and dietary insight based on gut contents"
1567:
833:
3282:
656:. The first study testing its relationships, in 2011, supported the hypothesis that it was indeed more closely related to
1297:"New findings reveal that the middle Triassic ichthyosaur Mixosaurus cornalianus is the oldest amniote with a dorsal fin"
3449:
652:. However, this classification was not based on any phylogenetic analysis, and the authors also noted similarities with
539:
had one. The upper fluke of the tail was probably much less-developed than the shark-like tails found in later species.
1066:"Short-Snouted Toothless Ichthyosaur from China Suggests Late Triassic Diversification of Suction Feeding Ichthyosaurs"
132:
2556:
1560:
447:
1240:
Druckenmiller, Patrick S.; Kelley, Neil; Whalen, Michael T.; Mcroberts, Christopher; Carter, Joseph G. (2014-09-19).
3459:
3319:
2562:
991:
3464:
3314:
3270:
1509:
911:
860:
458:
was a medium-sized ichthyosaur, measuring over 7 metres (23 ft) in length. A second possible species of
605:
495:
was highly specialized, and differed considerably from other ichthyosaurs. It was very slender in profile.
3340:
2035:
2029:
912:"On the occurrence of the ichthyosaur Shastasaurus in the Guanling Biota (Late Triassic), Guizhou, China"
3411:
3309:
1006:
1005:
Sander, P.M.; Griebeler, E.M.; Klein, N.; Juarbe, J.V.; Wintrich, T.; Revell, L.J.; Schmitz, L. (2021).
547:
1387:
Ji, C.; Jiang, D. Y.; Motani, R.; Hao, W. C.; Sun, Z. Y.; Cai, T. (2013). "A new juvenile specimen of
2383:
2305:
2253:
1358:
1253:
1136:
1077:
828:
668:. However, a 2013 analysis supported the original classification, finding it more closely related to
613:
590:
2041:
1125:"Absence of Suction Feeding Ichthyosaurs and Its Implications for Triassic Mesopelagic Paleoecology"
489:, measuring up to 21 metres (69 ft) in length and weighing 81.5 metric tons (89.8 short tons).
2669:
2512:
1659:
451:
2526:
2782:
2201:
2086:
1836:
1721:
1708:
1671:
1583:
1408:
1277:
1222:
1037:
952:
705:
595:
467:
335:
127:
3416:
2551:
408:
3398:
3390:
3100:
2975:
2940:
2896:
2421:
1801:
1318:
1269:
1214:
1206:
1164:
1105:
1029:
890:
3403:
1241:
3220:
3169:
3137:
3020:
2825:
2681:
2626:
2180:
2117:
1536:
1505:
1472:
1462:
1400:
1366:
1308:
1261:
1196:
1154:
1144:
1095:
1085:
1021:
987:
708:
505:
470:
1007:"Early giant reveals faster evolution of large body size in ichthyosaurs than in cetaceans"
730:
was in fact closer to more advanced ichthyosaurs, and so cannot be considered a species of
626:. It is known from several good specimens, and was originally placed in the separate genus
3063:
3055:
3047:
3005:
2909:
2857:
2758:
2519:
2498:
2491:
2369:
2348:
2208:
1918:
1879:
1845:
1817:
1766:
974:
Nicholls, E.L.; Manabe, M. (2004). "Giant ichthyosaurs of the
Triassic - a new species of
1362:
1257:
1140:
1081:
3213:
3206:
3178:
2947:
2885:
2878:
2841:
2834:
2813:
2708:
2654:
2411:
2391:
2361:
2313:
2297:
2280:
2233:
2141:
2133:
2126:
1892:
1159:
1124:
1100:
1065:
762:
640:
is much shorter, and considered it as a distinct genus based on phylogenetic analysis.
628:
229:
216:
110:
3433:
3199:
3077:
2984:
2963:
2767:
2700:
2690:
2647:
2607:
2149:
2101:
2072:
2059:
1989:
1861:
1854:
1777:
1759:
1541:
1524:
1281:
1226:
1041:
791:
745:
389:
187:
68:
30:
1412:
3158:
3151:
3130:
3115:
3070:
3040:
2925:
2871:
2744:
2481:
2429:
2321:
2289:
2246:
2192:
2166:
1947:
1940:
1900:
1868:
1810:
737:
559:
509:
370:
259:
200:
1404:
1265:
1149:
1090:
3033:
2998:
2917:
2723:
2716:
2593:
2580:
2505:
2440:
2399:
2336:
2260:
1790:
1746:
1735:
1628:
1391:(Ichthyosauria, Shastasauridae) from the Upper Triassic of southwestern China".
839:
753:
648:
522:
had robust sectorial teeth with gut contents of mollusk shells and vertebrates.
518:
513:
414:
381:
43:
3363:
1295:
Renesto, Silvio; Dal Sasso, Cristiano; Fogliazza, Fabio; Ragni, Cinzia (2020).
582:
based on this misinterpretation, but are now placed in other genera (including
3227:
3185:
3092:
3085:
2991:
2932:
2799:
2640:
2614:
2376:
2222:
2215:
1967:
1958:
1907:
1644:
1613:
1201:
584:
575:
535:
530:
88:
53:
1496:(Sander, 1997), an unusual ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic of Germany".
1322:
1273:
1210:
3122:
3107:
2955:
2774:
1927:
1184:
1025:
144:
93:
37:
1313:
1218:
1168:
1109:
1033:
1370:
978:
from the
Pardonet Formation (Norian: Late Triassic) of British Columbia".
3357:
3144:
2268:
2093:
1607:
1477:
1426:
Moon, B. (2019). "A new phylogeny of ichthyosaurs (Reptilia: Diapsida)".
1296:
632:. Complete skulls show that it had an unusual short and toothless snout.
485:
was one of the largest known ichthyosaurs, similar in size to modern-day
435:
385:
164:
83:
78:
63:
58:
48:
1467:
3377:
3192:
1974:
1619:
571:
486:
374:
174:
98:
73:
1601:
1552:
712:
474:
393:
154:
3334:
1446:
604:
546:
407:
397:
377:
3338:
3298:
2578:
2057:
1706:
1594:
1556:
1064:
Sander P, Chen X, Cheng L, Wang X (2011). Claessens L (ed.).
760:, however, was re-described and reassigned to its own genus,
1445:
Bindellini G; Wolniewicz AS; Miedema F; Scheyer TM (2021).
992:
10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0838:GIOTTN]2.0.CO;2
1510:
10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[598:TBOPNS]2.0.CO;2
1123:
Motani R, Tomita T, Maxwell E, Jiang D, Sander P (2013).
1492:
Maisch, M. W.; Matzke, A. T. (2006). "The braincase of
646:
was originally described in 2004 as a large species of
1185:"Grouping behavior in a Triassic marine apex predator"
318:
301:
288:
266:
3347:
3168:
3019:
2974:
2895:
2855:
2824:
2797:
2757:
2742:
2689:
2668:
2624:
2591:
2479:
2439:
2410:
2347:
2279:
2232:
2191:
2164:
2116:
2070:
1988:
1957:
1926:
1917:
1878:
1844:
1835:
1800:
1776:
1745:
1719:
1670:
1643:
887:Dinosaurs and Other Mesozoic Animals of California
477:age (about 210 million years ago). By comparison,
740:species that were referred to this genus include
718:In 2009, Shang & Li reclassified the species
936:Michael W. Maisch and Andreas T. Matzke (2000).
889:, University of California Press, Berkeley 2003
598:and Makoto Manabe considered this species as a
533:; however, the smaller, more basal ichthyosaur
1382:
1380:
905:
903:
1568:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
8:
945:Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde: Serie B
3440:Late Triassic ichthyosaurs of North America
3335:
3295:
3025:
2901:
2863:
2852:
2805:
2754:
2750:
2675:
2665:
2632:
2599:
2588:
2575:
2476:
2353:
2238:
2172:
2113:
2078:
2067:
2054:
1932:
1923:
1884:
1841:
1782:
1751:
1727:
1716:
1703:
1649:
1640:
1591:
1575:
1561:
1553:
861:"†Shastasaurus Merriam 1895 (ichthyosaur)"
504:was a suction feeder (or filled a similar
442:, is known from California, with the name
109:
20:
1540:
1476:
1466:
1337:Neptune's Ark: From Ichthyosaurs to Orcas
1312:
1200:
1158:
1148:
1099:
1089:
1339:. University of California Press, 282pp.
969:
967:
965:
852:
726:. However, later analysis showed that
446:directly referencing Mount Shasta in
7:
512:), preying primarily on soft-bodied
16:Extinct genus of ichthyosaur reptile
1428:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
388:. Specimens have been found in the
1498:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1393:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1351:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1246:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
980:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
692:, indicating that it is closer to
14:
3281:
3275:
3269:
2561:
2555:
2550:
2544:
2040:
2034:
2028:
1542:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00735.x
910:Shang Qing-Hua, Li Chun (2009).
834:Timeline of ichthyosaur research
131:
3470:Carnian genus first appearances
752:(Sander, 1997) from the German
680:was pertained within the genus
3445:Late Triassic reptiles of Asia
622:may include a second species,
328:(Nicholls & Manabe, 2004 )
1:
3480:Fossil taxa described in 1895
1301:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
782:Guanlingichthyosaurus liangae
664:, and it was reclassified as
423:(red), a possible species of
1405:10.1080/02724634.2013.723082
1266:10.1080/02724634.2014.866573
1150:10.1371/journal.pone.0066075
1091:10.1371/journal.pone.0019480
720:Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae
3496:
1449:Besanosaurus leptorhynchus
438:period. The type species,
3305:
3294:
3267:
3028:
2904:
2866:
2851:
2808:
2753:
2678:
2664:
2635:
2602:
2587:
2574:
2542:
2475:
2356:
2241:
2175:
2112:
2081:
2066:
2053:
2026:
1935:
1887:
1785:
1754:
1730:
1715:
1702:
1652:
1639:
1590:
1202:10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.005
700:. Specimens belonging to
666:Shastasaurus sikanniensis
341:
334:
286:
281:
265:
258:
128:Scientific classification
126:
117:
108:
23:
3475:Norian genus extinctions
3455:Ichthyosauromorph genera
684:. In the 2021 analysis,
1026:10.1126/science.abf5787
951:: 1–159. Archived from
808:Shastasaurus alexandrae
744:(Huene, 1925) from the
711:, dating to the middle
704:have been found in the
473:, dating to the middle
427:, compared with a human
1494:Phantomosaurus neubigi
1335:Wallace, D.R. (2008).
1314:10.4202/app.00731.2020
919:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
616:
555:
525:It is unknown whether
434:lived during the late
428:
271:Shastasaurus pacificus
120:Shastasaurus pacificus
3412:Paleobiology Database
1371:10.1139/cjes-38-6-983
865:Paleobiology Database
676:. In the 2019 study,
608:
550:
411:
2384:Guizhouichthyosaurus
2306:Guizhouichthyosaurus
2254:Guizhouichthyosaurus
1447:"Cranial anatomy of
1195:(24): 5398–5405.e3.
885:Hilton, Richard P.,
829:List of ichthyosaurs
815:Shastasaurus osmonti
728:Guizhouichthyosaurus
624:Shastasaurus liangae
614:Royal Tyrrell Museum
591:Guizhouichthyosaurus
543:Species and synonyms
466:, is known from the
3450:Triassic California
2670:Temnodontosauroidea
1468:10.7717/peerj.11179
1363:2001CaJES..38..983N
1258:2014JVPal..34.1460D
1141:2013PLoSO...866075M
1082:2011PLoSO...619480S
938:"The Ichthyosauria"
724:Shastasaurus tangae
688:forms a clade with
452:Northern California
3300:Related categories
2783:Protoichthyosaurus
2202:Barracudasauroides
2087:Quasianosteosaurus
1837:Ichthyosauriformes
1722:Ichthyosauromorpha
1709:Ichthyosauromorpha
1672:Ichthyosauromorpha
1584:Ichthyosauromorpha
1020:(6575): eabf5787.
706:Pardonet Formation
617:
596:Elizabeth Nicholls
556:
468:Pardonet Formation
429:
3460:Fossils of Canada
3427:
3426:
3399:Open Tree of Life
3341:Taxon identifiers
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3320:Triassic reptiles
3290:
3289:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3101:Kazakhstanosaurus
3015:
3014:
2976:Ophthalmosaurinae
2941:Myobradypterygius
2897:Ophthalmosauridae
2793:
2792:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2570:
2569:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2422:Qianichthyosaurus
2160:
2159:
2049:
2048:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2007:
1984:
1983:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1802:Parahupehsuchinae
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
897:, at pages 90-91.
819:
812:
796:
362:
361:
356:
329:
316:
299:
254:
235:
118:Partial skull of
36:235.0–205.6
3487:
3420:
3419:
3407:
3406:
3394:
3393:
3381:
3380:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3336:
3296:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3221:Simbirskiasaurus
3170:Platypterygiinae
3138:Pervushovisaurus
3026:
3021:Platypterygiidae
2902:
2864:
2853:
2826:Stenopterygiidae
2806:
2755:
2751:
2682:Temnodontosaurus
2676:
2666:
2633:
2627:Neoichthyosauria
2600:
2589:
2576:
2565:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2477:
2354:
2239:
2181:Cymbospondylidae
2173:
2118:Cymbospondylidae
2114:
2079:
2068:
2055:
2044:
2038:
2032:
1933:
1924:
1885:
1842:
1783:
1752:
1728:
1717:
1704:
1650:
1641:
1634:
1633:
1592:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1554:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1470:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1346:
1340:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1316:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1252:(6): 1460–1465.
1237:
1231:
1230:
1204:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1162:
1152:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1061:
1046:
1045:
1011:
1002:
996:
995:
971:
960:
959:
957:
942:
933:
927:
926:
916:
907:
898:
883:
877:
876:
874:
872:
857:
817:
810:
784:
709:British Columbia
570:, from the late
506:ecological niche
482:
471:British Columbia
350:
327:
323:S.? sikanniensis
320:
310:
303:
297:
290:
268:
252:
245:
233:
228:
215:
199:
186:
136:
135:
113:
103:
40:
29:Temporal range:
21:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3465:Triassic Canada
3430:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3415:
3410:
3402:
3397:
3389:
3384:
3376:
3371:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3343:
3333:
3324:
3315:Marine reptiles
3301:
3286:
3233:
3164:
3064:Brachypterygius
3056:Athabascasaurus
3048:Arthropterygius
3011:
3006:Ophthalmosaurus
2970:
2910:Arthropterygius
2891:
2860:
2858:Ophthalmosauria
2847:
2820:
2802:
2789:
2759:Ichthyosauridae
2747:
2730:
2685:
2660:
2629:
2620:
2596:
2583:
2566:
2532:
2520:Svalbardosaurus
2499:Pachygonosaurus
2492:Barracudasaurus
2455:
2435:
2406:
2370:Californosaurus
2349:Euichthyosauria
2343:
2275:
2228:
2209:Contectopalatus
2187:
2169:
2156:
2108:
2075:
2062:
2045:
2004:
1980:
1953:
1919:Eoichthyosauria
1913:
1880:Ichthyopterygia
1874:
1846:Omphalosauridae
1823:
1818:Parahupehsuchus
1796:
1772:
1767:Nanchangosaurus
1741:
1724:
1711:
1686:
1666:
1635:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1581:
1551:
1550:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1357:(6): 983–1002.
1348:
1347:
1343:
1334:
1330:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1189:Current Biology
1181:
1180:
1176:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1063:
1062:
1049:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
973:
972:
963:
955:
940:
935:
934:
930:
914:
909:
908:
901:
884:
880:
870:
868:
859:
858:
854:
849:
825:
813:
806:
780:
742:S. carinthiacus
702:S. sikanniensis
686:S. sikanniensis
678:S. sikanniensis
644:S. sikanniensis
610:S. sikanniensis
551:Restoration of
545:
497:S. sikanniensis
480:
464:S. sikanniensis
448:Siskiyou County
421:S. sikanniensis
406:
373:lizard") is an
326:
317:
309:
300:
296:
277:
274:
251:
243:
232:
226:
213:
197:
184:
130:
104:
102:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
35:
34:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3493:
3491:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3432:
3431:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3408:
3395:
3382:
3369:
3353:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3214:Plutoniosaurus
3210:
3207:Platypterygius
3203:
3196:
3189:
3182:
3179:Caypullisaurus
3174:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3119:
3112:
3104:
3097:
3089:
3082:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3052:
3044:
3037:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2960:
2952:
2948:Nannopterygius
2944:
2937:
2929:
2922:
2914:
2905:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2886:Macropterygius
2882:
2879:Delphinosaurus
2875:
2867:
2861:
2856:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2842:Stenopterygius
2838:
2835:Magnipterygius
2830:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2814:Chacaicosaurus
2809:
2803:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2779:
2771:
2763:
2761:
2748:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2720:
2713:
2709:Excalibosaurus
2705:
2696:
2694:
2687:
2686:
2679:
2673:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2658:
2655:Suevoleviathan
2651:
2644:
2636:
2630:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2611:
2603:
2597:
2592:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2495:
2487:
2485:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2417:
2415:
2412:Toretocnemidae
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2396:
2392:Mikadocephalus
2388:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2362:Auroroborealia
2357:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2314:Himalayasaurus
2310:
2302:
2298:Guanlingsaurus
2294:
2285:
2283:
2281:Shastasauridae
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2250:
2242:
2236:
2234:Merriamosauria
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2197:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2176:
2170:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2146:
2142:Thalattoarchon
2138:
2134:Phantomosaurus
2130:
2127:Cymbospondylus
2122:
2120:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2098:
2090:
2082:
2076:
2071:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1971:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1936:
1930:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1893:Isfjordosaurus
1888:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1865:
1858:
1850:
1848:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1806:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1731:
1725:
1720:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1676:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1653:
1647:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1604:
1595:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1557:
1549:
1548:
1515:
1504:(3): 598–607.
1484:
1437:
1418:
1399:(2): 340–348.
1389:Guanlingsaurus
1376:
1341:
1328:
1287:
1232:
1174:
1135:(12): e66075.
1115:
1047:
997:
986:(3): 838–849.
961:
958:on 2011-07-18.
928:
899:
878:
851:
850:
848:
845:
844:
843:
836:
831:
824:
821:
763:Phantomosaurus
638:Guanlingsaurus
629:Guanlingsaurus
544:
541:
405:
402:
384:from the Late
360:
359:
358:
357:
347:Guanlingsaurus
339:
338:
332:
331:
284:
283:
279:
278:
275:
263:
262:
256:
255:
241:
237:
236:
230:Shastasauridae
224:
220:
219:
217:Merriamosauria
211:
204:
203:
195:
191:
190:
182:
178:
177:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
105:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
41:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3492:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3418:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3337:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3297:
3293:
3284:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3200:Maiaspondylus
3197:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3078:Cryopterygius
3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2985:Acamptonectes
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2965:
2964:Thalassodraco
2961:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2796:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2768:Ichthyosaurus
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2741:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2701:Eurhinosaurus
2698:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:Leptonectidae
2688:
2684:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2648:Hauffiopteryx
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2608:Hudsonelpidia
2605:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2553:
2547:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2513:Sphaerodontes
2510:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2163:
2152:
2151:
2150:Xinminosaurus
2147:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2103:
2102:Xinminosaurus
2099:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2073:Ichthyosauria
2069:
2065:
2061:
2060:Ichthyosauria
2056:
2052:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2031:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1990:Ichthyosauria
1987:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1862:Omphalosaurus
1859:
1857:
1856:
1855:Cartorhynchus
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1778:Hupehsuchidae
1775:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1760:Eohupehsuchus
1757:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1661:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1578:
1573:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:Palaeontology
1526:
1519:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1485:
1479:
1478:11573/1682932
1474:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1119:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1076:(5): e19480.
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1008:
1001:
998:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
970:
968:
966:
962:
954:
950:
946:
939:
932:
929:
925:(3): 178–193.
924:
920:
913:
906:
904:
900:
896:
895:0-520-23315-8
892:
888:
882:
879:
867:. Fossilworks
866:
862:
856:
853:
846:
842:
841:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
822:
820:
818:Merriam, 1902
816:
811:Merriam, 1902
809:
805:
803:
797:
794:
793:
792:lapsus calami
788:
783:
779:
777:
773:
767:
765:
764:
759:
755:
751:
747:
746:Austrian Alps
743:
739:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
710:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
650:
645:
641:
639:
635:
631:
630:
625:
621:
615:
611:
607:
603:
601:
597:
593:
592:
587:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
554:
549:
542:
540:
538:
537:
532:
528:
523:
521:
520:
515:
511:
510:beaked whales
507:
503:
498:
494:
490:
488:
484:
476:
472:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
426:
422:
418:
416:
410:
403:
401:
399:
395:
391:
390:United States
387:
383:
379:
376:
372:
368:
367:
354:
349:
348:
343:
342:
340:
337:
333:
330:
325:
324:
314:
308:
307:
298:Merriam, 1895
295:
294:
285:
280:
276:Merriam, 1895
273:
272:
264:
261:
257:
253:Merriam, 1895
250:
249:
242:
239:
238:
234:Merriam, 1895
231:
225:
222:
221:
218:
212:
209:
206:
205:
202:
196:
193:
192:
189:
188:Ichthyosauria
183:
180:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
134:
129:
125:
121:
116:
112:
107:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
39:
32:
31:Late Triassic
26:
22:
19:
3349:Shastasaurus
3348:
3310:Ichthyosaurs
3274:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3159:Undorosaurus
3157:
3152:Sveltonectes
3150:
3143:
3136:
3131:Parrassaurus
3129:
3121:
3116:Muiscasaurus
3114:
3106:
3099:
3091:
3084:
3076:
3071:Catutosaurus
3069:
3062:
3054:
3046:
3041:Aegirosaurus
3039:
3032:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2962:
2954:
2946:
2939:
2931:
2926:Jabalisaurus
2924:
2916:
2908:
2884:
2877:
2872:Argovisaurus
2870:
2840:
2833:
2812:
2781:
2773:
2766:
2745:Thunnosauria
2722:
2715:
2707:
2699:
2680:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2613:
2606:
2549:
2527:Tibetosaurus
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2490:
2482:Nomina dubia
2480:
2430:Toretocnemus
2428:
2420:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2360:
2335:
2330:Shastasaurus
2329:
2328:
2322:Ichthyotitan
2320:
2312:
2304:
2296:
2290:Besanosaurus
2288:
2267:
2259:
2252:
2247:Besanosaurus
2245:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:Mixosauridae
2179:
2167:Hueneosauria
2148:
2140:
2132:
2125:
2100:
2092:
2085:
2033:
1973:
1966:
1948:Utatsusaurus
1946:
1941:Parvinatator
1939:
1906:
1901:Chaohusaurus
1899:
1891:
1869:Sclerocormus
1867:
1860:
1853:
1816:
1811:Eretmorhipis
1809:
1789:
1765:
1758:
1734:
1624:
1532:
1528:
1518:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1440:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1336:
1331:
1304:
1300:
1290:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1192:
1188:
1177:
1132:
1128:
1118:
1073:
1069:
1017:
1013:
1000:
983:
979:
975:
953:the original
948:
944:
931:
922:
918:
886:
881:
869:. Retrieved
864:
855:
838:
814:
807:
802:S. pacificus
801:
800:Synonyms of
799:
798:
790:
786:
781:
775:
771:
770:Synonyms of
769:
768:
761:
757:
749:
741:
736:
732:Shastasaurus
731:
727:
723:
719:
717:
701:
698:Shastasaurus
697:
693:
689:
685:
682:Shastasaurus
681:
677:
674:Shastasaurus
673:
669:
665:
661:
658:Shastasaurus
657:
654:Shastasaurus
653:
647:
643:
642:
637:
634:S. pacificus
633:
627:
623:
620:Shastasaurus
619:
618:
609:
600:nomen dubium
599:
589:
583:
580:Shastasaurus
579:
574:of northern
568:S. pacificus
567:
564:Shastasaurus
563:
560:type species
557:
553:S. pacificus
552:
534:
527:Shastasaurus
526:
524:
517:
502:Shastasaurus
501:
496:
493:Shastasaurus
492:
491:
483:sikanniensis
478:
463:
460:Shastasaurus
459:
456:S. pacificus
455:
444:Shastasaurus
443:
440:S. pacificus
439:
432:Shastasaurus
431:
430:
425:Shastasaurus
424:
420:
419:(green) and
413:
371:Mount Shasta
366:Shastasaurus
365:
364:
363:
352:
346:
345:
322:
321:
312:
305:
304:
293:S. pacificus
292:
291:
287:
270:
269:
260:Type species
248:Shastasaurus
247:
246:
207:
201:Longipinnati
122:(UCMP 9017)
119:
25:Shastasaurus
24:
18:
3034:Acuetzpalin
2999:Mollesaurus
2918:Gengasaurus
2724:Wahlisaurus
2717:Leptonectes
2594:Parvipelvia
2581:Parvipelvia
2506:Pessosaurus
2441:Parvipelvia
2400:Shonisaurus
2337:Shonisaurus
2261:Pessopteryx
1791:Hupehsuchus
1747:Hupehsuchia
1736:Baisesaurus
1629:Neodiapsida
976:Shonisaurus
871:17 December
840:Shonisaurus
754:Muschelkalk
694:Shonisaurus
690:Shonisaurus
670:Shonisaurus
662:Shonisaurus
649:Shonisaurus
519:Shonisaurus
514:cephalopods
415:Shonisaurus
404:Description
382:ichthyosaur
306:S.? liangae
3434:Categories
3228:Sisteronia
3186:Kyhytysuka
3093:Janusaurus
3086:Grendelius
2992:Baptanodon
2933:Janusaurus
2800:Baracromia
2641:Dearcmhara
2615:Macgowania
2450:see below↓
2377:Callawayia
2223:Phalarodon
2216:Mixosaurus
1999:see below↓
1968:Gulosaurus
1959:Grippiidae
1908:Thaisaurus
1681:see below↓
1660:Sauropsida
1645:Sauropsida
1618:Subclass:
1614:Sauropsida
1461:(e11179).
847:References
776:G. liangae
758:S. neubigi
750:S. neubigi
612:specimen,
585:Callawayia
576:California
536:Mixosaurus
531:dorsal fin
508:as extant
194:Suborder:
3123:Palvennia
3108:Keilhauia
2956:Palvennia
2775:Malawania
1928:Grippidia
1600:Kingdom:
1535:: 27–61.
1323:0567-7920
1282:129908740
1274:0272-4634
1227:254874088
1211:0960-9822
1042:245444783
602:in 2000.
487:cetaceans
417:popularis
151:Kingdom:
145:Eukaryota
3364:Q2700110
3358:Wikidata
3145:Sumpalla
2269:Wimanius
2094:Tholodus
1620:Diapsida
1608:Chordata
1606:Phylum:
1602:Animalia
1413:83784699
1219:36538877
1169:24348983
1129:PLOS ONE
1110:21625429
1070:PLOS ONE
1034:34941418
823:See also
789:, 2008 (
696:than to
672:than to
660:than to
436:Triassic
412:Size of
386:Triassic
336:Synonyms
315:, 2000 )
282:Species
223:Family:
175:Reptilia
165:Chordata
161:Phylum:
155:Animalia
141:Domain:
3404:4946523
3391:1036702
3378:4818004
3193:Leninia
1975:Grippia
1612:Class:
1434:: 1–27.
1359:Bibcode
1254:Bibcode
1160:3859474
1137:Bibcode
1101:3100301
1078:Bibcode
1014:Science
738:Dubious
572:Carnian
375:extinct
355:, 2000
240:Genus:
181:Order:
171:Class:
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713:Norian
529:had a
481:
475:Norian
396:, and
394:Canada
353:et al.
313:et al.
3417:36571
3386:IRMNG
1625:Clade
1455:PeerJ
1409:S2CID
1278:S2CID
1223:S2CID
1038:S2CID
1010:(PDF)
956:(PDF)
941:(PDF)
915:(PDF)
785:Wang
715:age.
398:China
378:genus
311:(Yin
3373:GBIF
1658:see
1319:ISSN
1270:ISSN
1215:PMID
1207:ISSN
1165:PMID
1106:PMID
1030:PMID
891:ISBN
873:2021
748:and
588:and
558:The
351:Yin
208:Node
44:PreꞒ
1537:doi
1506:doi
1473:hdl
1463:doi
1401:doi
1367:doi
1309:doi
1262:doi
1197:doi
1155:PMC
1145:doi
1096:PMC
1086:doi
1022:doi
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