4997:
73:
2387:
551:
1468:
142:
57:
2381:
80:
612:
345:
832:. It is very conveniently situated. The lower part extends along the plain, while upon the heights of the upper part is the citadel, fairly long in extent but rather narrow. It is well fortified, for in addition to its natural defenses, the river protects it on one side and the city on the other, so that it is entirely inaccessible."
847:
Regarding the citizens, William of Tyre says they "had but little knowledge of arms; their attention was devoted almost entirely to trading." Many of them were
Christians, whom William considered to be suffering as slaves under their Muslim rulers, but the Munqidhites seem to have been tolerant lords
1066:
The citadel (castle) was declared a national monument in 1958 and the last inhabitants were evacuated to prevent archaeological damage. Today the site is known as Qal’at
Shayzar (citadel or castle of Shayzar), while the name Shaizar (or Shayzar) is used for the modern town.
780:
did not assist the emperor. Zengi soon arrived to relieve the fortress in May. The emir preferred
Byzantine control to Zengid, and offered to recognize John as his overlord. Neither John or Zengi ever really enforced their authority there and Shaizar remained independent.
4996:
740:
as a hostage, who was also held at
Shaizar until her own ransom in 1125. As Shaizar was a friendly state, Baldwin was allowed to visit his daughter there, but Shaizar was also friendly to its Muslim neighbours, and in 1125 was incorporated into the territory of
1396:. (2012). "Shayzar: An Historical Overview of its History and the Archaeological Investigation: 1.1. An Historical Overview". In Tonghini, Cristina (ed.). Shayzar I: The Fortification of the Citadel. Leiden: Brill. pp. 2–25.
788:, during which the citadel collapsed, killing almost the entire family, who had assembled there to celebrate a circumcision. The only survivors out of the whole family were the wife of emir, and the emir's nephew
839:, an eyewitness to the siege in 1111, did not know the classical Roman or Greek name for the site, and noted that the Turks called it "Sisara", "but the inhabitants of the country commonly call it 'Chezar'."
858:
The
Munqidhite emirs are shown as patrons of literature, who delight in hunting and other sports, as well as delighting in making war on, and negotiating peace with, their Christian and Muslim neighbours.
950:. He was born in Shaizar, Şeyzer. He was the nephew and potential successor of the emir of Shaizar, but was exiled in 1131 and spent the rest of his life serving other leaders. He was a courtier to the
1019:("Book of Learning by Example" or "Book of Contemplation"), which contains lengthy descriptions of the Crusaders, whom he interacted with on many occasions, and some of whom he considered friends.
389:
The
Crusaders rendered the city's name in Latin as Caesarea. This name had not been used in any earlier period, and was derived from the Crusaders mistakenly identifying this city as being
1418:
5038:
828:, a province which is separated from Cappadocia by many intervening provinces. Nor is the name Caesarea, but rather Caesara. It is one of the suffragan cities belonging to the
5053:
656:, the emir assisted the Crusaders passing through his land, giving them horses and food and other provisions. After the crusade it was bordered by the crusader
443:
Both the
Thessalian city and the Syrian town were known for their horse breeding. Diodorus also mentions that the Larisans provided the horsemen for the first
1112:
1042:
then incorporated the remains into his territory and rebuilt the city. Shaizar was destroyed again by an earthquake in 1170 and the remnants were taken by
4781:
1456:
1380:, and Philip K. Hitti. An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades: Memoirs of Usāmah Ibn-Munqidh (kitāb Al-Iʻtibār). New York:
702:
cut off their access to food and water. Tancred nevertheless built a castle nearby on Tell ibn Ma'shar, in order to keep
Shaizar under close watch.
440:
being the town in
Thessaly from which many Greek settlers came. According to Diodorus, these colonists received land as a reward for their bravery.
824:
once presided; but those who hold this view are in grave error. For that
Caesarea is a fifteen days journey or more from Antioch. This city is in
1429:
1047:
1296:
Baldwin, Marsall W. (1969) . "The Latin States under Baldwin III and Amalric I, 1143–1174; The Decline and Fall of Jerusalem, 1174–1189". In
1271:
851:
A very lively account of life in Shaizar, and various other places in the Muslim world, was written by the prince Usama ibn Munqidh, titled
1120:
306:
1038:
then took control of the ruins, and they were defeated by the Crusaders in 1158, but disputes forced the Crusaders to abandon the siege.
104:
521:
in 1081 when Ali ibn Munqidh bought it from the bishop. The Byzantines besieged it numerous times after this but failed to recover it.
5048:
1311:
1171:
598:
1434:
990:. He traveled extensively in Arab lands, visiting Egypt, Syria, Palestine and along the Tigris River, and went on pilgrimage to
1837:
736:
in 1123, he was held at Shaizar until his release the next year. As part of his ransom he was forced to give up his daughter
4774:
3484:
1449:
576:
510:
in 999, after which it became the southern border of the Byzantine Empire and was administered by the Bishop of Shaizar. A
72:
5043:
4906:
1109:
3094:
2934:
233:
1013:("Dwellings and Abodes"), and collections of his own original poetry. In modern times, he is remembered more for his
994:. He often meddled in the politics of the courts in which he served, and he was exiled from both Damascus and Cairo.
561:
3159:
2884:
1987:
1328:
829:
683:
580:
565:
5028:
4767:
2964:
2272:
2132:
1442:
1381:
1351:
1221:
4790:
2400:
2352:
2317:
1076:
695:
624:
572:
2386:
1306:(Second ed.). Madison, Milwaukee, and London: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 528–561, 590–621.
56:
2499:
2016:
1797:
1792:
746:
722:
714:
657:
4816:
4941:
4936:
4390:
4245:
2380:
687:
634:
4951:
4981:
4705:
3811:
777:
753:
succeeded-Bursuqi's son in Mosul in 1127 and claimed Aleppo as well, Shaizar recognized his suzerainty.
212:
154:
4976:
502:
in 638 and frequently passed from Arab to Byzantine control. It was sacked in 968 by Byzantine emperor
3724:
2959:
2739:
2494:
2097:
1667:
1186:
1023:
785:
476:
222:
183:
4881:
4821:
4861:
4851:
3289:
3029:
2262:
1587:
1367:
1233:
1015:
852:
836:
761:
742:
733:
691:
429:
4921:
4836:
1240:, trans. Frances Rita Ryan, University of Tennessee Press, 1969, bk. II, ch. XLV.7-9, pp. 202-203.
4826:
4001:
3786:
3354:
3064:
2979:
2514:
2247:
2237:
2122:
1362:
An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades; Memoirs of Usamah ibn-Munqidh
1035:
929:
710:
166:
5033:
4986:
4856:
4801:
4220:
3958:
3757:
3684:
2994:
2874:
2679:
2504:
2297:
2227:
2052:
1832:
1527:
1377:
1307:
1267:
1167:
967:
925:
901:
893:
821:
789:
750:
737:
661:
394:
171:
428:(first century BC) records local legends attributing the establishment of the town by one of
5009:
4570:
4450:
4430:
4325:
4195:
4190:
4090:
3843:
3304:
3269:
3234:
3174:
3054:
3044:
2924:
2849:
2829:
2784:
2564:
2312:
2212:
1787:
1737:
1592:
1472:
1259:
1081:
1039:
971:
942:. His life coincided with the rise of several medieval Muslim dynasties, the arrival of the
773:
757:
706:
628:
492:
425:
383:
278:
159:
1301:
4946:
4931:
4866:
4811:
4590:
4410:
4305:
4130:
4120:
3694:
3244:
3204:
3127:
3014:
2969:
2918:
2814:
2684:
2649:
2469:
2422:
2282:
2092:
2087:
1952:
1947:
1852:
1702:
1682:
1567:
1412:
1393:
1357:
1343:
1336:
1320:
1213:
1142:
1087:
959:
947:
805:
699:
668:
534:
465:
390:
364:
320:
family. It played an important part in the Christian and Muslim politics of the crusades.
250:
2072:
1997:
816:. It is called by some Caesarea, and by them is believed to be the famous metropolis of
4926:
4916:
4876:
4831:
4605:
4515:
4500:
4490:
4240:
3883:
3639:
3469:
3464:
3249:
3089:
3079:
2999:
2989:
2644:
2539:
2484:
2429:
2342:
2332:
2257:
2232:
2177:
2107:
1972:
1917:
1847:
1597:
1335:
The Damascus Chronicle of the Crusades, Extracted and Translated from the Chronicle of
1297:
955:
679:
672:
414:
353:
270:
5022:
4961:
4911:
4901:
4846:
4841:
4806:
4715:
4675:
4530:
4465:
4330:
4155:
3908:
3821:
3679:
3564:
3524:
3474:
3459:
3364:
3194:
3164:
2984:
2834:
2804:
2694:
2629:
2474:
2117:
2112:
1962:
1887:
1812:
1657:
1582:
1572:
1542:
1485:
1116:
951:
943:
653:
638:
530:
503:
480:
329:
537:
and the Banu Munqidh rulers of Shaizar consisted of a series of wars and alliances.
4730:
4670:
4585:
4575:
4505:
4460:
4440:
4375:
4335:
4320:
4279:
4230:
4225:
4200:
4150:
4145:
4080:
4075:
3978:
3968:
3644:
3633:
3494:
3489:
3419:
3309:
3274:
3219:
3034:
3009:
2859:
2839:
2689:
2654:
2569:
2549:
2509:
2489:
2464:
2302:
2267:
2127:
2082:
2042:
1942:
1902:
1822:
1677:
1532:
1522:
1399:
1390:. (2005). Usama ibn Munqidh: Warrior-Poet in the Age of Crusades. Oxford: Oneworld.
1387:
913:
907:
887:
881:
875:
868:
620:
518:
379:
1402:, and Jon Rothschild. The Crusades Through Arab Eyes. London: Al Saqi Books, 2004.
1161:
772:
if Antioch was returned to the Empire. In April 1138, the Byzantine army led the
4871:
4645:
4580:
4555:
4340:
4315:
4295:
4290:
4115:
4065:
4050:
4040:
3868:
3853:
3704:
3689:
3654:
3534:
3529:
3513:
3454:
3413:
3299:
3294:
3239:
3209:
3184:
3084:
2974:
2949:
2939:
2819:
2744:
2709:
2673:
2574:
2544:
2524:
2454:
2449:
2434:
2192:
2162:
2037:
2032:
1827:
1772:
1692:
1687:
1662:
1652:
1622:
1557:
1552:
825:
729:
550:
317:
262:
1251:
514:
castle was standing at Shaizar by the time the Byzantines recaptured the town.
4690:
4655:
4650:
4600:
4540:
4345:
4285:
4250:
4235:
4205:
4170:
4160:
3973:
3863:
3858:
3791:
3729:
3674:
3664:
3649:
3614:
3449:
3429:
3394:
3359:
3199:
3104:
3099:
3039:
2889:
2879:
2794:
2773:
2699:
2639:
2619:
2614:
2604:
2529:
2519:
2362:
2357:
2217:
2197:
2182:
1937:
1922:
1892:
1876:
1857:
1767:
1752:
1647:
1627:
1577:
1517:
1512:
1424:
1263:
987:
119:
106:
4720:
4685:
4635:
4560:
4535:
4495:
4484:
4455:
4435:
4400:
4135:
4100:
4060:
4030:
4023:
3923:
3913:
3902:
3836:
3826:
3699:
3604:
3599:
3579:
3479:
3444:
3314:
3229:
3224:
3214:
3189:
3074:
3069:
3024:
3004:
2954:
2789:
2719:
2559:
2347:
2207:
2151:
1932:
1742:
1727:
1722:
1712:
1642:
938:(knight), and diplomat from the Banu Munqidh dynasty of Shaizar in northern
934:
469:
298:
203:
675:, in 1106, the Banu Munqidh clan harassed them from their base in Shaizar.
4956:
4735:
4665:
4640:
4565:
4550:
4425:
4420:
4369:
4310:
4300:
4255:
4185:
4180:
4140:
4125:
4110:
4105:
4095:
4085:
4070:
4045:
4035:
3953:
3928:
3878:
3816:
3779:
3734:
3719:
3594:
3574:
3549:
3519:
3424:
3369:
3349:
3279:
3259:
3179:
3059:
2944:
2799:
2729:
2634:
2534:
2459:
2337:
2307:
2292:
2277:
2242:
2222:
2157:
2077:
2067:
2027:
1967:
1907:
1782:
1777:
1717:
1163:
The Hellenistic Settlements in Syria, the Red Sea Basin, and North Africa
1046:
in 1174. They were rebuilt again, but in 1241 the city was sacked by the
983:
963:
848:
and both Christians and Muslims of various sects lived there peacefully.
793:
726:
507:
433:
372:
313:
294:
286:
997:
During and immediately after his life, he was most famous as a poet and
4971:
4886:
4740:
4700:
4680:
4629:
4595:
4520:
4510:
4445:
4415:
4405:
4395:
4350:
4260:
4210:
4055:
3963:
3873:
3831:
3801:
3796:
3709:
3669:
3659:
3554:
3439:
3434:
3384:
3284:
3169:
3049:
2929:
2899:
2869:
2779:
2714:
2704:
2609:
2598:
2479:
2439:
2327:
2252:
2102:
2062:
2047:
1957:
1757:
1732:
1632:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1562:
1055:
1043:
979:
975:
817:
813:
718:
646:
642:
511:
437:
368:
302:
290:
178:
17:
4896:
4891:
4710:
4660:
4610:
4385:
4380:
3947:
3918:
3609:
3584:
3569:
3544:
3539:
3389:
3379:
3344:
3339:
3254:
3154:
3148:
2894:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2809:
2749:
2734:
2724:
2579:
2554:
2167:
2057:
2022:
1992:
1977:
1927:
1912:
1842:
1817:
1807:
1802:
1762:
1747:
1707:
1697:
1672:
1637:
1617:
1051:
812:"The city of Shayzar lies upon the same Orontes river which flows by
458:
360:
229:
208:
1001:(a "man of letters"). He wrote many poetry anthologies, such as the
611:
344:
4759:
1430:
Proghetto Shayzar: Study of a Fortified Settlement in Bilad al-Sham
464:
Syria was briefly occupied by Republican-Parthian forces under the
4725:
4695:
4215:
4175:
4165:
3806:
3714:
3559:
3374:
3019:
2824:
2754:
2624:
2444:
2322:
2287:
2202:
2187:
1982:
1897:
1882:
1537:
1467:
991:
939:
610:
499:
445:
343:
328:
Shaizar is located at a strategically vital crossing point on the
274:
147:
671:, a fortress to the northwest of Shaizar and overlooking ancient
633:
The Munqidhites controlled territory east of Shaizar, across the
491:
The city remained part of the Christianised empire, known as the
4545:
4525:
3589:
3264:
2172:
1547:
1506:
855:, and gives great insight into Muslim life in the 12th century.
769:
765:
333:
282:
4763:
3999:
3755:
3125:
2398:
1483:
1438:
1374:, trans. Frances Rita Ryan. University of Tennessee Press, 1969
760:
arrived to impose Byzantine authority on Antioch, and promised
3333:
914:
Taj ad-Dawla Nasr ad-Din Muhammad ibn abu-l-Asakir ibn Munqidh
908:'Izz ad-Din abu-l-'Asakir Sultan ibn 'Izz ad-Dawla ibn Munqidh
544:
894:
Majd ad-Din abu Salamah Murshid ibn 'Izz ad-Dawla ibn Munqidh
393:, a place renowned in Christian history as the home of Saint
309:(CBS), Shaizar had a population of 5,953 in the 2004 census.
1325:
A History of the Crusades, vol. II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem
1303:
A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The First Hundred Years
792:, the famed poet-knight who was on a diplomatic mission to
678:
In 1106, the Munqidhite emirs Murshid and Sultan defeated
1026:
in 1157. He died in Damascus in 1188, at the age of 93.
978:
over a period of almost fifty years. He also served the
1340:. H.A.R. Gibb, 1932 (reprint, Dover Publications, 2002)
713:
supporters that were expelled from the city by his son
400:
Shaizar's ruins are known as Saijar in modern Arabic.
356:(14th century BC) it is mentioned as Senzar or Sezar.
876:
Sultan ibn 'Ali ibn al-Muqallad ibn Munqidh al-Kinani
804:
Referring to the crusader siege of Shaizar in 1157,
4619:
4474:
4359:
4269:
4012:
3937:
3892:
3768:
3623:
3503:
3403:
3323:
3138:
2908:
2763:
2663:
2588:
2411:
2141:
2006:
1866:
1496:
709:died in 1113, Shaizar was inundated by many of his
682:of Tripoli, and in 1108 and 1110 they had to bribe
660:and was subject to raids from both Antioch and the
219:
202:
194:
189:
177:
165:
153:
135:
32:
698:for two weeks, but returned home when the army of
1166:. University of California Press. p. 117.
1030:Assassin, Zengid and Mamluk periods (1158–1260)
529:The Franks arrived in Syria in 1098 during the
413:Shaizar is mentioned as Senzar or Sezar in the
764:a principality consisting of Shaizar, Aleppo,
4775:
1450:
1110:General Census of Population and Housing 2004
8:
5039:Buildings and structures in Hama Governorate
1419:Apamea and the citadels of Mudiq and Shaizar
1145:at www.cometosyria.com, accessed 3 May 2018
888:'Izz ad-Dawla abu-l-Murhaf Nasr ibn Munqidh
579:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4782:
4768:
4760:
4009:
3996:
3765:
3752:
3135:
3122:
2408:
2395:
1493:
1480:
1457:
1443:
1435:
721:'s campaign against Antioch in 1119. When
378:It reverted to its earlier name under the
29:
599:Learn how and when to remove this message
375:(Greece) from which many colonists came.
1372:A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem
1238:A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem
363:it was known as Sidzara, but during the
316:, the town was a fortress, ruled by the
1198:
1099:
1058:captured and rebuilt the city in 1260.
882:'Izz ad-Dawla Sadid al-Mulk ibn Munqidh
436:. The town was renamed Larissa Sizara,
367:it was renamed Larissa, after the town
201:
188:
134:
99:
65:
53:
1348:A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea
1218:A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
784:The emirate lasted until the enormous
432:'s cavalry regiments originating from
5054:Populated places in Mahardah District
1350:, trans. E.A. Babcock and A.C. Krey.
1220:, trans. E.A. Babcock and A.C. Krey,
1105:
1103:
820:over which the distinguished teacher
667:When the Crusaders briefly conquered
218:
193:
176:
164:
152:
7:
1224:, 1943, bk. 18, ch. 18, pp. 266-267.
1209:
1207:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1022:Most of his family was killed in an
577:adding citations to reliable sources
254:
1364:(Kitab al i'tibar). New York, 1929
1121:Syria Central Bureau of Statistics
641:coast, from the coastal cities of
307:Syria Central Bureau of Statistics
25:
1250:Tonghini, Cristina (2012-01-01),
871:from 1059–1157. The emirs were:
382:and was known as Sezer under the
332:, 28 km to the northwest of
4995:
2385:
2379:
1466:
549:
487:Byzantine and Early Arab periods
140:
78:
71:
61:The fortress and town of Shaizar
55:
1300:; Baldwin, Marshall W. (eds.).
1009:("Kernels of Refinement"), and
982:court in Cairo, as well as the
946:, and the establishment of the
277:, administratively part of the
79:
541:Munqidhite Shaizar (1081–1157)
533:. The interaction between the
483:and 14 miles from Epiphaneia.
1:
694:besieged the city during the
285:. Nearby localities include,
479:places Larisa 13 miles from
756:In 1137, Byzantine emperor
495:, under the name of Sezer.
5070:
1988:al-Tulaysiyah al-Janubiyah
1329:Cambridge University Press
717:. Shaizar participated in
618:
461:conquered Syria in 64 BC.
5049:Towns in Hama Governorate
5004:
4993:
4797:
4008:
3995:
3764:
3751:
3134:
3121:
2407:
2394:
2377:
2133:Zor al-Haysa al-Sharqiyah
1492:
1479:
1382:Columbia University Press
1352:Columbia University Press
1264:10.1163/9789004217676_002
1222:Columbia University Press
1160:Cohen, Getzel M. (2006).
1123:(CBS). Hama Governorate.
867:Shaizar was ruler by the
725:was taken captive by the
696:battle of Shaizar of 1111
449:of the Seleucid cavalry.
100:
66:
54:
47:
2401:Al-Suqaylabiyah District
2353:Umm Turaykat al-Qibliyah
2318:al-Samaqiyah al-Qibliyah
1258:, BRILL, pp. 1–40,
1077:Battle of Shaizar (1111)
863:Munqidh emirs of Shaizar
625:Battle of Shaizar (1111)
457:The Roman armies led by
273:) is a town in northern
2500:al-Khandaq al-Sharqiyah
1798:al-Suwayda al-Sharqiyah
1793:al-Suwayda al-Gharbiyah
1421:, from Syriatourism.org
1005:("Book of the Staff"),
830:patriarchate of Antioch
800:Description of the city
723:Baldwin II of Jerusalem
658:Principality of Antioch
615:The fortress of Shaizar
348:The fortress of Shaizar
281:, located northwest of
4942:Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi
4937:Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi
1415:on www.cometosyria.com
896:(1098–1137; the Latin
688:Baldwin I of Jerusalem
635:al-Ansariyah mountains
616:
506:, and was captured by
349:
269:, Λάρισσα εν Συρία in
27:Village in Hama, Syria
4817:Al-Sheikh Deeb Castle
1024:earthquake at Shaizar
1011:al-Manazil wa'l-Diyar
778:Joscelin II of Edessa
614:
347:
221: • Summer (
120:35.26778°N 36.56667°E
5044:Titular sees in Asia
2960:al-Huwayz al-Shamali
2515:Mashta' al-Shalahmah
2495:al-Khandaq al-Gharbi
2098:Qubaybat Abu al-Huda
1187:Tabula Peutingeriana
573:improve this section
498:Shaizar fell to the
477:Tabula Peutingeriana
4862:Citadel of Damascus
4852:Krak des Chevaliers
3685:Duwayr al-Mashayekh
3030:Mastarihat Afamiyah
2263:Muwaylah al-Sirwana
1425:Timeline and images
1368:Fulcher of Chartres
1234:Fulcher of Chartres
837:Fulcher of Chartres
743:Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi
715:Alp Arslan al-Akras
692:Bertrand of Tripoli
686:to leave. Tancred,
517:It was lost to the
417:(14th century BC).
305:. According to the
257:; in modern Arabic
116: /
4827:Bani Qahtan Castle
4671:Harat al-Sharqiyah
4411:Khunayfis al-Dawsa
4002:Salamiyah District
3355:Huwayr al-Turukman
2248:Jadduah Shamaliyah
1298:Setton, Kenneth M.
786:earthquake of 1157
776:, but Raymond and
762:Raymond of Antioch
617:
421:Hellenistic period
350:
195: • Total
125:35.26778; 36.56667
5016:
5015:
4987:Citadel of Tartus
4977:Qalaat al-Shaghur
4857:Citadel of Aleppo
4757:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4591:Rasm al-Bardakana
3991:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3758:Mahardah District
3747:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3112:
2995:Hawijat al-Sallah
2565:Tahunat al-Halawa
2375:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2298:Rasm al-Daheriyah
2228:Janat al-Sawarnah
2053:Khirbet al-Hajama
1378:Usama ibn Munqidh
1273:978-90-04-21767-6
926:Usama ibn Munqidh
921:Usama ibn Munqidh
902:Usama ibn Munqidh
790:Usama ibn Munqidh
662:County of Tripoli
609:
608:
601:
395:Basil of Caesarea
240:
239:
92:Location in Syria
16:(Redirected from
5061:
5029:Castles in Syria
5010:Castles in Syria
4999:
4791:Castles in Syria
4784:
4777:
4770:
4761:
4571:Makaymin Shamali
4506:Bustan al-Subeih
4501:Abu al-Fashafish
4451:Tell Abd al-Aziz
4326:Mafkar al-Gharbi
4196:Tell Hasan Basha
4010:
3997:
3839:
3766:
3753:
3235:Mashta Deir Mama
3136:
3123:
2860:Qastal al-Burayj
2830:Khirbet al-Naqus
2785:al-Amqiyah Tahta
2409:
2396:
2389:
2383:
2313:Shihat al-Hamraa
2213:Huways Ibn Hadib
1788:Suwak al-Shamali
1738:Qubaybat al-Assi
1593:Hawayiz Umm Jurn
1494:
1481:
1473:Hama Governorate
1471:
1470:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1436:
1317:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1280:
1247:
1241:
1231:
1225:
1211:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1157:
1146:
1140:
1127:
1126:
1107:
1082:Siege of Shaizar
1016:Kitab al-I'tibar
853:Kitab al-I'tibar
843:Life in the city
774:siege of Shaizar
758:John II Comnenus
707:Ridwan of Aleppo
645:in the north to
629:Siege of Shaizar
604:
597:
593:
590:
584:
553:
545:
493:Byzantine Empire
426:Diodorus Siculus
384:Byzantine Empire
279:Hama Governorate
267:Larissa in Syria
256:
226:
146:
144:
143:
131:
130:
128:
127:
126:
121:
117:
114:
113:
112:
109:
82:
81:
75:
59:
42:
30:
21:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5012:
5000:
4991:
4952:Qulay'ah Castle
4947:Qasr Ibn Wardan
4932:Qalaat al-Madiq
4867:Citadel of Homs
4812:Castle of al-Al
4793:
4788:
4758:
4745:
4706:Qabasin al-Arab
4676:Hasu al-Qiblawi
4621:
4615:
4606:Tabara al-Hamra
4476:
4470:
4361:
4355:
4306:Barri al-Gharbi
4271:
4265:
4131:Qubbat al-Kurdi
4014:
4004:
3983:
3939:
3933:
3894:
3888:
3835:
3770:
3760:
3739:
3625:
3619:
3565:Khan Jalaymadun
3505:
3499:
3405:
3399:
3325:
3319:
3140:
3130:
3128:Masyaf District
3109:
2919:Qalaat al-Madiq
2910:
2909:Qalaat al-Madiq
2904:
2815:Duwayr al-Akrad
2765:
2759:
2665:
2659:
2650:Qatrat al-Rihan
2590:
2584:
2485:Jurniyat al-Tar
2423:Al-Suqaylabiyah
2413:
2412:Al-Suqaylabiyah
2403:
2390:
2384:
2367:
2283:Qasr Ibn Wardan
2143:
2137:
2093:Qasr al-Makhram
2088:Qasr Abu Samrah
2008:
2002:
1953:Khirbet al-Qasr
1948:Khirbet al-Jami
1868:
1862:
1853:Zor al-Sarmiyah
1703:Maqtaa al-Hajar
1683:Maarin al-Jabal
1498:
1488:
1475:
1465:
1463:
1409:
1394:Kennedy, Hugh N
1358:Philip K. Hitti
1344:William of Tyre
1337:Ibn al-Qalanisi
1321:Steven Runciman
1314:
1295:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1232:
1228:
1214:William of Tyre
1212:
1205:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1181:
1174:
1159:
1158:
1149:
1141:
1130:
1124:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1088:Qalaat al-Madiq
1073:
1064:
1032:
948:Crusader states
930:medieval Muslim
923:
865:
845:
806:William of Tyre
802:
747:atabeg of Mosul
700:Mawdud of Mosul
669:Qalaat al-Madiq
631:
605:
594:
588:
585:
570:
554:
543:
535:Crusader states
527:
489:
455:
423:
411:
406:
391:Caesarea Mazaca
365:Seleucid empire
342:
326:
220:
141:
139:
124:
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118:
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107:
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102:
96:
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62:
50:
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40:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5067:
5065:
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5021:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5005:
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5001:
4994:
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4989:
4984:
4982:Qal'at Sukkara
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4917:Palmyra Castle
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4882:Khariba Castle
4879:
4877:Al-Kahf Castle
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4832:Bourzey castle
4829:
4824:
4822:Areimeh Castle
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4789:
4787:
4786:
4779:
4772:
4764:
4755:
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4708:
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4678:
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4625:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4531:Jani al-Albawi
4528:
4523:
4518:
4516:Hamada al-Omar
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4480:
4478:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4365:
4363:
4357:
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4348:
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4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4275:
4273:
4267:
4266:
4264:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4241:Tulul al-Humur
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
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4028:
4018:
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3992:
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3966:
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3941:
3935:
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3932:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3898:
3896:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3884:Zawr al-Qaadah
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3774:
3772:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3749:
3748:
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3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
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3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
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3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3629:
3627:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3509:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3470:Kahf al-Habash
3467:
3465:Hikr Bayt Atiq
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3409:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3329:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3250:Qabu Shamsiyah
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3144:
3142:
3132:
3131:
3126:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3090:Tamana al-Ghab
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
3000:Jamasat Udayat
2997:
2992:
2990:Hawijah Sayyad
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
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2942:
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2932:
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2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2710:Hawr al-Mawsil
2707:
2702:
2697:
2695:Birat al-Jabal
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2645:Nubl al-Khatib
2642:
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2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
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2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2575:Tell al-Titeen
2572:
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2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
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2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2475:Hawrat Ammurin
2472:
2467:
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2343:Tuwal Dabaghin
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2235:
2233:Jubb al-Uthman
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2205:
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2190:
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2147:
2145:
2139:
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2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2108:Taybat al-Imam
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2100:
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2080:
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2070:
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2012:
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1960:
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1918:Deir al-Fardis
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1848:Zor Abu Dardah
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1407:External links
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932:poet, author,
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680:William-Jordan
649:in the south.
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415:Amarna letters
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340:Name evolution
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4998:
4988:
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4962:Sahyun Castle
4960:
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4922:Qal'at Ja'bar
4920:
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4912:Nimrod Castle
4910:
4908:
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4902:Masyaf Castle
4900:
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4892:Maniqa Castle
4890:
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4807:Aleika Castle
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3195:Deir al-Salib
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3165:al-Bayyadiyah
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613:
603:
600:
592:
582:
578:
574:
568:
567:
563:
558:This section
556:
552:
547:
546:
540:
538:
536:
532:
531:First Crusade
524:
522:
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
504:Nicephorus II
501:
496:
494:
486:
484:
482:
478:
473:
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467:
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331:
330:Orontes River
323:
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300:
296:
292:
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284:
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268:
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207:
205:
197:
185:
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180:
173:
170:
168:
161:
158:
156:
149:
138:
129:
101:Coordinates:
74:
58:
46:
31:
19:
5006:
4966:
4837:Burj al-Sabi
4731:Shaykh Hilal
4691:Jubb Khasara
4646:Abu al-Qusur
4628:
4586:Rasm Elahmar
4581:Rasm al-Abid
4483:
4461:Tell al-Shih
4456:Tell al-Ghir
4376:Abu Khanadiq
4368:
4336:Salam Gharbi
4321:al-Khurayjah
4280:Barri Sharqi
4278:
4251:Umm Tuwaynah
4226:Thayl al-Jal
4201:Tell Khaznah
4022:
4021:
3979:Shaykh Hadid
3969:al-Lataminah
3946:
3901:
3848:
3778:
3777:
3725:al-Sindiyana
3655:Ayn al-Karam
3645:Ayn al-Bayda
3634:Wadi al-Uyun
3632:
3624:Wadi al-Uyun
3512:
3495:Tin al-Sabil
3490:Qasr al-Ayan
3485:al-Mashrafah
3420:Ayn al-Shams
3412:
3332:
3310:al-Zamaliyah
3275:al-Shamsiyah
3220:Jobet Kalakh
3147:
3035:Midan Ghazal
3010:Kafr Nabudah
2917:
2885:al-Sindiyana
2795:Awja al-Tuba
2772:
2690:Al-Asharinah
2672:
2620:Jubb al-Ghar
2597:
2550:Saqiyat Najm
2525:Qalaat Jaras
2450:Ayn al-Kurum
2421:
2420:
2303:Rasm al-Ward
2268:Maar Shamali
2238:Jubb al-Safa
2150:
2128:Zor Abu Zayd
2123:Umm Haratayn
2015:
1943:Khirbet Aref
1875:
1823:Tell al-Nahr
1678:Maar Daftein
1533:Amarat Aslan
1505:
1388:Cobb, Paul M
1371:
1361:
1347:
1334:
1324:
1302:
1277:, retrieved
1255:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1217:
1199:Baldwin 1969
1194:
1182:
1162:
1065:
1048:Khwarezmians
1033:
1021:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
996:
933:
924:
916:(1154–1157).
900:, father of
897:
869:Banu Munquid
866:
857:
850:
846:
835:
803:
783:
755:
704:
677:
666:
651:
632:
621:Banu Munqidh
595:
586:
571:Please help
559:
528:
519:Banu Munqidh
516:
497:
490:
474:
463:
456:
453:Roman period
444:
442:
424:
412:
399:
388:
380:Roman Empire
377:
358:
351:
327:
318:Banu Munqidh
311:
266:
258:
246:
242:
241:
4927:Qal'at Najm
4907:Montferrand
4872:Hama Castle
4641:Abu al-Ghor
4622:Subdistrict
4477:Subdistrict
4401:Jubb Zurayq
4391:al-Judaydah
4362:Subdistrict
4341:Tell al-Tut
4316:al-Hardanah
4291:Abu Habilat
4272:Subdistrict
4246:Umm al-Amad
4116:Marj Mattar
4066:Fan Wastani
4015:Subdistrict
3940:Subdistrict
3895:Subdistrict
3869:Tell Sikkin
3812:al-Judaydah
3787:Abu Ubaydah
3771:Subdistrict
3675:Bir al-Wadi
3665:Bayt Raqata
3626:Subdistrict
3530:Deir Shamil
3514:Jubb Ramlah
3506:Subdistrict
3504:Jubb Ramlah
3455:al-Dulaybah
3414:Ain Halaqim
3406:Subdistrict
3404:Ayn Halaqim
3326:Subdistrict
3300:Tayr Jubbah
3295:Tayr Jamlah
3290:al-Suwaydah
3210:al-Haylunah
3185:Deir Huwayt
3141:Subdistrict
3095:al-Thuwarah
3085:Tell Huwash
3080:al-Sha'irah
2980:al-Hurriyah
2975:al-Humayrat
2950:Deir Sunbul
2940:Bab al-Taqa
2935:al-Aziziyah
2911:Subdistrict
2766:Subdistrict
2745:Ras al-Jurn
2700:Ayn al-Jurn
2674:Tell Salhab
2666:Subdistrict
2664:Tell Salhab
2640:Na'ur Jurin
2591:Subdistrict
2520:Nabi al-Tib
2455:Ayn Waridah
2414:Subdistrict
2144:Subdistrict
2038:al-Junaynah
2033:Fan Shamali
2009:Subdistrict
1869:Subdistrict
1833:Umm al-Amad
1828:Tell Qartal
1773:Shihat Hama
1693:al-Mubattan
1688:Maar Shuhur
1653:Kafr al-Tun
1499:Subdistrict
1125:(in Arabic)
910:(1098–1154)
890:(1082–1098)
884:(1081–1082)
878:(1059–1081)
730:Belek Ghazi
652:During the
312:During the
263:Hellenistic
179:Subdistrict
155:Governorate
123: /
5023:Categories
4802:Abu Qubays
4736:al-Suwayah
4656:Aniq Bajra
4636:Abu Hurayk
4536:Jubb Abyad
4346:Tell Jadid
4286:Abu Hanaya
4206:Tell Sinan
4191:Tell Dahab
4171:Shaykh Rih
4161:Shaykh Ali
3974:al-Mughayr
3959:al-Jalamah
3864:Tell Malah
3859:Safsafiyah
3792:Abu Rubays
3730:Tamarqiyah
3650:Ayn Farraj
3550:Julaymadun
3450:Bayt Natar
3430:Asheq Omar
3395:Zor Baarin
3360:Kafr Kamra
3200:al-Findara
3105:al-Zitiyah
3100:al-Tuwayni
3045:al-Qahirah
3040:Qabr Fidda
2925:Ashrafiyah
2890:Tell Wasit
2880:Sirmaniyah
2875:al-Safsafa
2774:Al-Ziyarah
2720:al-Kashati
2680:Abu Qubays
2615:Haydariyah
2605:Ayn Jurjin
2435:Abu Klifun
2363:al-Zughbah
2358:Umm Zahmak
2218:Haymaniyah
2183:Baroudiyah
1938:Kafr Qadah
1923:al-Humayri
1877:Hirbnafsah
1867:Hirbnafsah
1858:Zor Taqsis
1753:al-Ruqaita
1648:Kafr Buhum
1628:Jumaqliyah
1578:al-Daminah
1528:al-Alamein
1518:Abu Mansaf
1513:Abu Dardah
1360:, trans.,
1279:2020-09-12
1094:References
1040:Nur ad-Din
988:Hisn Kayfa
972:Nur ad-Din
898:Machedolus
826:Coelesyria
818:Cappadocia
619:See also:
409:Bronze Age
190:Population
111:36°34′00″E
108:35°16′04″N
5007:Also See:
4741:Umm Mayal
4721:Rasm Amun
4686:Jakuziyah
4566:Na'imiyah
4561:Mashrafah
4496:Abu Hakfa
4485:Uqayribat
4475:Uqayribat
4436:Samiriyah
4136:al-Rubbah
4101:Khunayfis
4061:Fan Qibli
4031:Ali Kasun
4024:Salamiyah
4013:Salamiyah
3924:al-Sayyad
3914:Hamamiyat
3903:Kafr Zita
3893:Kafr Zita
3844:al-Majdal
3837:al-Qubeir
3827:Khunayzir
3700:Kamaliyah
3695:Kafr Laha
3640:Ammuriyah
3605:Uqayrabah
3600:Sulukiyah
3580:Mushashin
3480:al-Majawi
3445:Bayt Atiq
3315:al-Zaynah
3305:Tell Afar
3270:al-Rusafa
3230:al-Laqbah
3225:Kafr Aqid
3215:al-Hurayf
3190:Deir Mama
3175:al-Bustan
3075:Shahranaz
3070:Sahariyah
3065:Salihiyah
3055:al-Ramlah
3025:al-Kurkat
3005:al-Jayyid
2970:al-Hawash
2955:al-Huwayz
2850:al-Qahira
2790:al-Ankawi
2685:Abu Faraj
2560:al-Shajar
2535:al-Rihana
2348:Umm Habes
2208:Halabiyah
2152:Al-Hamraa
1933:al-Jafiah
1743:al-Rabiaa
1728:al-Nazaza
1723:Al-Narjis
1713:Mubarakat
1643:Kafr Amim
1256:Shayzar I
1252:"Shayzar"
1143:"Shaizar"
1036:Assassins
822:St. Basil
589:June 2008
560:does not
525:Crusaders
470:Pacorus I
430:Alexander
299:Khunayzir
204:Time zone
5034:Crusades
4957:Al-Rahba
4696:Makharib
4666:Baghadid
4596:Ruwaydah
4551:Makhbuta
4511:Dakhilah
4491:Abu Dali
4426:Qubaybat
4421:Qanafath
4370:Sabburah
4360:Sabburah
4311:Furaytan
4301:Arshunah
4256:al-Uwayr
4186:Tell Ada
4181:Sunaydah
4141:al-Sabil
4126:Qablahat
4111:al-Malih
4106:Kaytalun
4096:Khafiyah
4086:al-Kafat
4071:al-Ghawi
4056:Duwaybah
4046:Dunaybah
4041:Buwaydah
4036:Bardunah
3954:al-Asman
3929:al-Zakah
3879:Zilaqiat
3817:Kafr Hud
3780:Mahardah
3769:Mahardah
3720:Qussiyah
3670:Barayzah
3595:Sarmiyah
3585:Qurayyat
3575:Mahrusah
3520:Alamiyah
3435:Ba'amrah
3425:Aq Duqar
3370:Khanazir
3350:Bishanin
3280:al-Shiha
3260:Qurtuman
3245:al-Nahda
3180:Biqasqas
3160:al-Bayda
3060:al-Rasif
3015:al-Karim
2965:al-Hamra
2945:al-Barid
2900:al-Zaqum
2870:Qulaydin
2800:al-Bahsa
2780:al-Amara
2730:al-Latma
2635:Maradash
2540:Saidiyah
2470:al-Hurra
2460:Ballunah
2338:Tulayhat
2308:Ruhayyah
2293:Rasm Anz
2278:Qasr Ali
2258:Maaloula
2243:Junaynah
2223:al-Hazim
2178:Aziziyah
2158:Abu Ajwa
2078:Masasneh
2068:Maarkaba
2028:Buwaydah
1973:al-Rawda
1968:Qufaylun
1908:al-Biyah
1783:Surayhin
1778:Shiraaya
1718:Muraywid
1568:al-Buraq
1113:Archived
1071:See also
984:Artuqids
964:Damascus
960:Ayyubids
808:writes:
794:Damascus
732:outside
711:Assassin
508:Basil II
466:Parthian
434:Thessaly
373:Thessaly
324:Location
314:Crusades
295:Kafr Hud
287:Mahardah
184:Mahardah
172:Mahardah
167:District
4972:Shmemis
4967:Shaizar
4887:Khawabi
4701:Mawilah
4681:Ithriya
4661:al-Ayah
4630:Al-Saan
4521:Hanutah
4446:Shuhayb
4416:Mabujah
4396:Jadduah
4351:Umm Mil
4261:Zighrin
4211:Taldara
4156:Shakara
3964:Jubbayn
3909:Arba'in
3874:Tremseh
3849:Shaizar
3832:Maarzaf
3802:Halfaya
3797:al-Arid
3735:Zaytuna
3710:Maysara
3660:Bashawi
3555:Jarajis
3440:Barshin
3390:Ta'unah
3385:Qasraya
3285:Sighata
3205:Hayalin
3170:Biqraqa
3050:Qiratah
2930:al-Bani
2840:Maarana
2835:Mansura
2805:Barakah
2764:Ziyarah
2715:Kanayes
2705:Hawayeq
2610:Farikah
2599:Shathah
2589:Shathah
2580:Uwaynah
2505:Khansaa
2490:Karamah
2480:Hayalin
2440:Ammurin
2333:Tharwat
2328:Tarfawi
2273:Qanater
2253:Kharsan
2103:Shatheh
2063:Maardis
2048:Khafsin
1978:Suma'ah
1958:al-Muah
1813:Tishrin
1758:Safinah
1733:Qamhana
1633:Juziyah
1613:Jarjisa
1608:Jarjara
1603:Jahiyah
1563:Besirin
1413:Shaizar
1384:, 2000.
1290:Sources
1056:Baibars
1054:sultan
1044:Saladin
980:Fatimid
976:Saladin
956:Zengids
814:Antioch
749:. When
727:Artuqid
719:Ilghazi
684:Tancred
647:Tortosa
643:Latakia
637:to the
581:removed
566:sources
512:Fatimid
468:prince
438:Larissa
404:History
369:Larissa
359:To the
352:In the
303:Halfaya
291:Tremseh
247:Shayzar
243:Shaizar
136:Country
86:Shaizar
49:Village
41:Larissa
34:Shaizar
18:Shayzar
4897:Margat
4711:Rahjan
4611:Tahmaz
4576:Qastal
4546:Jayruh
4526:Haddaj
4441:Shahba
4406:Jissin
4386:Fawrah
4381:Aqarib
4221:Thawra
4151:Samnah
4146:Safawi
4081:Jamala
4076:Halban
3948:Karnaz
3938:Karnaz
3919:Latmin
3690:Jabita
3610:Zahraa
3570:Maarin
3560:Kanafu
3545:Hizanu
3540:Hanjur
3525:Asilah
3460:Hermel
3380:Qarmas
3345:Baarin
3340:Akakir
3255:Qayrun
3155:Anbura
3149:Masyaf
3139:Masyaf
2895:Zayzun
2865:Qastun
2855:Qarqur
2845:Mashik
2810:Duqmaq
2750:Tamaza
2735:Mazhal
2725:Khareb
2655:Rihana
2555:Shahta
2510:Maksar
2168:al-Anz
2163:al-Ala
2142:Hamraa
2058:Lahaya
2043:Kawkab
2023:Atshan
1998:Zara'a
1993:Toumin
1928:Jidrin
1913:Bulous
1843:Zabada
1818:Tuwaym
1808:Tayzin
1803:Taqsis
1763:Samrah
1748:Raabun
1708:Matnin
1698:Madbaa
1673:Khitab
1638:Kafraa
1618:Jibrin
1573:Billin
1523:Adabas
1354:, 1943
1331:, 1952
1310:
1270:
1170:
1084:(1138)
1052:Mamluk
1050:. The
974:, and
958:, and
952:Burids
928:was a
768:, and
738:Ioveta
734:Edessa
690:, and
673:Apamea
627:, and
481:Apamea
459:Pompey
361:Greeks
265:name:
259:Saijar
251:Arabic
145:
4726:Sarha
4556:Masud
4431:Salba
4296:Akash
4270:Barri
4216:Tirad
4176:Smakh
4166:Sibaa
4091:Karim
4051:Danin
3807:Huwat
3715:Naqir
3705:Marha
3590:Qurin
3375:Nisaf
3240:Matna
3020:Kawri
2825:Fawru
2755:Tubah
2625:Jurin
2545:Salba
2465:Breij
2323:Suruj
2288:Rabda
2203:Fayda
2188:Bayud
2083:Murak
2073:Ma'an
2017:Suran
2007:Suran
1983:Talaf
1903:Bisin
1898:Birin
1883:Aqrab
1663:Khala
1623:Jinan
1558:Bayad
1553:Bahra
1538:Arzah
992:Mecca
968:Zengi
940:Syria
935:faris
751:Zengi
705:When
500:Arabs
446:agema
275:Syria
271:Greek
230:UTC+3
209:UTC+2
198:5,953
148:Syria
4651:Amya
4620:Saan
4601:Suha
4236:Tuba
4121:Nawa
3854:Shir
3615:Zawi
3535:Dimu
3265:Rabu
2445:Anab
2198:Duma
2193:Dali
2173:Arfa
1893:Baja
1768:Sawa
1548:Ayyo
1507:Hama
1497:Hama
1308:ISBN
1268:ISBN
1189:IX.5
1168:ISBN
1034:The
999:adib
770:Hama
766:Homs
564:any
562:cite
475:The
334:Hama
301:and
283:Hama
255:شيزر
234:EEST
160:Hama
37:شيزر
3334:Awj
3324:Awj
1260:doi
986:in
962:in
575:by
371:in
245:or
223:DST
213:EET
5025::
1370:,
1346:,
1327:.
1323:,
1266:,
1254:,
1236:,
1216:,
1206:^
1150:^
1131:^
1119:.
1102:^
970:,
954:,
796:.
745:,
664:.
623:,
472:.
397:.
386:.
336:.
297:,
293:,
289:,
261:;
253::
4783:e
4776:t
4769:v
3840:)
3834:(
1458:e
1451:t
1444:v
1316:.
1262::
1176:.
904:)
602:)
596:(
591:)
587:(
583:.
569:.
249:(
236:)
232:(
225:)
215:)
211:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
