62:
the maximum torque applied. The gauge is marked with a scale that converts the torque into a shear strength (measured in kiloNewtons per square metre). There are two scales for use with two different sizes of vane – 150-by-75-millimetre (5.9 in × 3.0 in) vanes are used for soils with shear strengths up to 50 kN/m and 100-by-50-millimetre (3.9 in × 2.0 in) vanes for stronger soils. In the United
Kingdom the methodology is governed by British Standard 1377 (
507:
360:
406:
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469:
394:
295:
25:
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17:
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The shear vane consists of a straight rod with four vanes on one end, arranged in a cruciform pattern, and a combined handle/torque gauge. The rod is inserted into the soil to a depth of 500mm and rotated at a rate of between 6 and 12 degrees per minute. Once the soil fails in shear the gauge shows
48:
of a cohesive soil. The test is carried out with equipment consisting of a rod with vanes mounted to it that is inserted into the ground and rotated. A gauge on the top of the rod measures the torque required to cause failure of the soil and provides a conversion to shear strength. The equipment
69:
The shear vane is a simple and portable piece of equipment. The test is suitable for clay soils classified as soft to firm. By remoulding the sample and retesting an indication of the sensitivity of the clay can also be found. The test has also been used to measure the shear strength of mortar
94:
and in fact agreed better with the values expected in geotechnical theory. However 1973 research claimed that the test actually provided an under-estimate of shear strength compared to compressive tests where a good quality of sample is obtainable. The discrepancy has been attributed to the
155:
231:
1362:
1196:
49:
has been in use since at least 1948. The equipment has also been used since at least 1967 to assess the shear strength of packs of snow at risk of forming a
90:
in 1948. There has been some dispute over its accuracy since then. Carlson and
Skempton believed that it provided a higher value than that indicated by
224:
1367:
249:
217:
128:
74:
value. The equipment has also been used since at least 1967 to assess the shear strength of packs of snow at risk of forming a
899:
780:
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1212:
812:
257:
1115:
510:
91:
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1181:
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1043:
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185:
310:
1031:
1006:
946:
626:
567:
421:
397:
1294:
1105:
919:
755:
730:
651:
581:
560:
452:
981:
790:
298:
45:
445:
1334:
1186:
1143:
1036:
961:
498:
344:
1110:
1100:
641:
601:
574:
349:
339:
71:
385:
1061:
770:
553:
472:
1158:
904:
795:
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124:
1208:
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359:
1324:
1148:
1066:
1001:
996:
894:
760:
631:
405:
318:
186:"Development of a Rotational Shear Vane for use in Avalanche Safety Work (Masters Thesis)"
306:
1271:
1163:
1080:
884:
646:
636:
522:
417:
468:
393:
294:
1356:
1299:
1138:
1016:
1011:
735:
656:
87:
1319:
1314:
1304:
1284:
971:
914:
745:
462:
118:
1329:
1026:
909:
848:
24:
441:
1153:
1133:
1021:
833:
828:
750:
740:
621:
494:
482:
366:
286:
32:
16:
1309:
1289:
1175:
991:
976:
592:
534:
518:
433:
334:
75:
50:
429:
209:
542:
458:
381:
1339:
1226:
956:
931:
858:
775:
765:
282:
1279:
1251:
936:
863:
853:
843:
838:
546:
530:
330:
156:"Workability, shear strength and build of wet-process sprayed mortars"
1261:
1256:
1246:
1236:
1168:
966:
941:
889:
699:
95:
disturbance of the sample caused by the insertion of the shear vane.
36:
US Army Corps of
Engineers personnel carrying out a shear vane test
714:
31:
23:
1201:
709:
704:
694:
689:
684:
669:
371:
213:
163:
Specialist
Techniques and Materials for Concrete Construction
193:
Department of
Mechanical Engineering University of Canterbury
64:
Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes
28:
Diagram showing the rod and vane inserted into the soil
70:
mixes, where it has been shown to correlate with the
1270:
1225:
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1088:
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1052:
872:
821:
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677:
668:
591:
269:
256:
225:
8:
1085:
818:
674:
266:
232:
218:
210:
120:Foundation Engineering in Difficult Ground
149:
147:
86:The test was pioneered by L Carlson and
15:
104:
112:
110:
108:
154:Austin, SA; Robins, PJ; Goodier, CI.
7:
1363:In situ geotechnical investigations
14:
250:Offshore geotechnical engineering
541:
529:
517:
505:
493:
481:
467:
457:
440:
428:
416:
404:
392:
380:
358:
329:
317:
305:
293:
281:
1:
900:Mechanically stabilized earth
44:is a method of measuring the
652:Hydraulic conductivity tests
92:unconfined compressive tests
1213:Stress distribution in soil
1384:
363:Pore pressure measurement
1368:Soil shear strength tests
1116:Preconsolidation pressure
511:Standard penetration test
247:
123:. Elsevier. p. 243.
612:California bearing ratio
410:Rotary-pressure sounding
241:Geotechnical engineering
46:undrained shear strength
1032:Geosynthetic clay liner
1007:Expanded clay aggregate
627:Proctor compaction test
568:Crosshole sonic logging
554:Nuclear densometer test
311:Geo-electrical sounding
20:Symbol used in drawings
1295:Earthquake engineering
1106:Lateral earth pressure
731:Hydraulic conductivity
582:Wave equation analysis
561:Exploration geophysics
453:Deformation monitoring
422:Rotary weight sounding
37:
29:
21:
473:Settlement recordings
398:Rock control drilling
299:Cone penetration test
35:
27:
19:
1335:Agricultural science
1037:Cellular confinement
117:Bell, F. G. (2013).
82:History and research
1227:Numerical analysis
1111:Overburden pressure
1101:Pore water pressure
881:Shoring structures
756:Reynolds' dilatancy
657:Water content tests
642:Triaxial shear test
602:Soil classification
575:Pile integrity test
1202:Slab stabilisation
1182:Stability analysis
38:
30:
22:
1350:
1349:
1221:
1220:
1197:Sliding criterion
1159:Response spectrum
1075:
1074:
905:Pressure grouting
804:
803:
664:
663:
617:Direct shear test
323:Permeability test
1375:
1209:Bearing capacity
1096:Effective stress
1086:
987:Land reclamation
927:Land development
822:Natural features
819:
786:Specific storage
675:
607:Atterberg limits
545:
533:
521:
509:
497:
485:
471:
461:
446:Screw plate test
444:
432:
420:
408:
396:
384:
362:
333:
321:
309:
297:
285:
267:
234:
227:
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175:
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142:
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114:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1325:Earth materials
1266:
1228:
1217:
1126:
1120:
1071:
1048:
1002:Earth structure
997:Erosion control
895:Ground freezing
885:Retaining walls
868:
810:
800:
761:Angle of repose
719:
660:
594:
587:
586:
547:Visible bedrock
499:Simple sounding
487:Shear vane test
263:instrumentation
262:
260:
252:
243:
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208:
207:
197:
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188:
183:
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135:
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116:
115:
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101:
84:
59:
42:shear vane test
12:
11:
5:
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1379:
1371:
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1344:
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1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1272:Related fields
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1267:
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1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1192:Classification
1189:
1184:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1164:Seismic hazard
1161:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
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1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
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1092:
1090:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1070:
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1056:
1050:
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1041:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1014:
1009:
1004:
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989:
984:
979:
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964:
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929:
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923:
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917:
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846:
841:
836:
831:
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823:
816:
806:
805:
802:
801:
799:
798:
793:
791:Shear strength
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
766:Friction angle
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
727:
725:
721:
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718:
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712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
681:
679:
672:
666:
665:
662:
661:
659:
654:
649:
647:Oedometer test
644:
639:
637:Sieve analysis
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
597:
589:
588:
585:
584:
578:
577:
571:
570:
564:
563:
557:
556:
550:
549:
538:
537:
526:
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523:Total sounding
514:
513:
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501:
490:
489:
478:
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449:
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437:
436:
425:
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389:
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377:
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369:
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326:
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314:
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290:
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264:
254:
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229:
222:
214:
206:
205:
184:Halsegger, M.
176:
143:
129:
103:
102:
100:
97:
83:
80:
76:slab avalanche
58:
57:Equipment used
55:
51:slab avalanche
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1380:
1369:
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1313:
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1303:
1301:
1300:Geomorphology
1298:
1296:
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1286:
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1234:
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1200:
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1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1144:Consolidation
1142:
1140:
1139:Frost heaving
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
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1099:
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1087:
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1078:
1068:
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1055:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:Geosynthetics
1015:
1013:
1012:Crushed stone
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
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968:
967:Cut-and-cover
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
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938:
935:
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928:
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921:
918:
916:
913:
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903:
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898:
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891:
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865:
862:
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857:
855:
852:
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847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
824:
820:
817:
814:
807:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
736:Water content
734:
732:
729:
728:
726:
722:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
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583:
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579:
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572:
569:
566:
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552:
551:
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470:
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460:
456:
455:
454:
451:
450:
447:
443:
439:
438:
435:
434:Sample series
431:
427:
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423:
419:
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328:
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315:
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308:
304:
303:
300:
296:
292:
291:
288:
284:
280:
279:
276:
273:
268:
265:
259:
258:Investigation
255:
251:
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242:
235:
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132:
130:9781483102320
126:
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56:
54:
52:
47:
43:
34:
26:
18:
1320:Biogeography
1315:Hydrogeology
1305:Soil science
1285:Geochemistry
1044:Infiltration
972:Cut and fill
915:Soil nailing
781:Permeability
746:Bulk density
486:
463:Inclinometer
386:Ram sounding
271:
198:27 September
196:. Retrieved
192:
179:
169:27 September
167:. Retrieved
162:
136:27 September
134:. Retrieved
119:
85:
68:
63:
60:
41:
39:
1330:Archaeology
1054:Foundations
1027:Geomembrane
910:Slurry wall
849:Water table
813:Interaction
809:Structures
796:Sensitivity
593:Laboratory
88:AW Skempton
1357:Categories
1187:Mitigation
1169:Shear wave
1154:Earthquake
1149:Compaction
1134:Permafrost
1125:Phenomena/
1022:Geotextile
947:Embankment
937:Excavation
874:Earthworks
834:Vegetation
829:Topography
751:Thixotropy
741:Void ratio
724:Properties
622:Hydrometer
367:Piezometer
287:Core drill
99:References
1310:Hydrology
1290:Petrology
1178:analysis
1176:Landslide
1081:Mechanics
992:Track bed
977:Fill dirt
962:Terracing
535:Trial pit
350:Statnamic
335:Load test
165:: 317–329
1340:Agrology
1229:software
1127:problems
957:Causeway
932:Landfill
859:Subgrade
776:Porosity
771:Cohesion
1280:Geology
1252:SVSlope
1062:Shallow
982:Grading
920:Tieback
864:Subsoil
854:Bedrock
844:Topsoil
839:Terrain
632:R-value
595:testing
345:Dynamic
272:in situ
270:Field (
1262:Plaxis
1257:UTEXAS
1247:SVFlux
1237:SEEP2D
1089:Forces
942:Trench
890:Gabion
700:Gravel
340:Static
127:
1242:STABL
715:Loess
678:Types
189:(PDF)
159:(PDF)
72:slump
1067:Deep
710:Loam
705:Peat
695:Sand
690:Silt
685:Clay
670:Soil
372:Well
200:2018
171:2018
138:2018
125:ISBN
40:The
952:Cut
261:and
66:).
1359::
1211:*
191:.
161:.
146:^
107:^
78:.
53:.
815:)
811:(
274:)
233:e
226:t
219:v
202:.
173:.
140:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
