629:"With reference to the disturbances along the Blue Line emanating from Lebanese territory, I call on the Government of Lebanon and all relevant parties to condemn and prevent such violations. The Security Council itself confirmed in June 2000 that Israel had withdrawn from southern Lebanon in compliance with UN Security Council resolutions 425 and 426. Attacks at any point along the Blue Line, including in the Shebaa Farms area in the occupied Golan Heights, are violations of Security Council resolutions. Respect for decisions of the Security Council is the most basic requirement of international legitimacy."
621:"On May 15, 2000, the United Nations received a map, dated 1966, from the Government of Lebanon which reflected the Government's position that these farmlands were located in Lebanon. The United Nations is in possession of ten other maps issued after 1966 by various Lebanese government institutions, including the Ministry of Defense and the army, all of which place the farmlands inside the Syrian Arab Republic. The United Nations has also examined six maps issued by the Government of the Syrian Arab Republic, including three maps since 1966, which place the farmlands inside the Syrian Arab Republic."
432:, stamped by the Lebanese government, that were held by a number of area residents in the 1940s and 1950s. The Lebanese claim to this area is asserted by Hezbollah for its hostilities with Israel and its cross-border attacks after the Israeli withdrawal. Senior Lebanese officials also linked the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Shebaa to Hezbollah's disarmament. "If the U.S. and friendly countries help us achieve the withdrawal of Israel from Shebaa Farms, this would make it possible for the Lebanese forces to be the sole owner of weapons and arms in the country", Lebanese Prime Minister
264:
637:"The continually asserted position of the Government of Lebanon that the Blue Line is not valid in the Shab'a farms area is not compatible with Security Council resolutions. The Council has recognized the Blue Line as valid for purposes of confirming Israelâs withdrawal pursuant to resolution 425 (1978). The Government of Lebanon should heed the Councilâs repeated calls for the parties to respect the Blue Line in its entirety."
365:
property of
Lebanon and recommended that the international border be reestablished consistent with its suggestion. Neither Syria nor Lebanon adopted the committee's suggestion, and neither country took any action along the suggested lines. Thus, maps of the area continued to reflect the area as being in Syria. Even maps of both the Syrian and Lebanese armies continued to demarcate the region within Syrian territory.
769:
755:
22:
601:
504:(SANA) He said there are two legal requirements for demarcating the border: first, the complaint must be registered with the UN; and second, engineers must precisely define the border. As neither Syria nor Lebanon have access to the area, Assad argues that resolution is waiting on Israeli withdrawal from the occupied territory.
705:. In one, French litigants in a private dispute entered into a private commercial agreement that suggested that the border should put the Farms in Lebanon. Two other documents, from 1937 and 1939, were reports from the administrative councilor of south Lebanon and the head of the Services SpĂŠciaux in the Syrian town of
653:) as saying that "no-one disputed that the village of Shebaa itself was in Lebanon, but most of the farms fell into an undefined area that may be either in Lebanon or Syria" and although the UN was not a "boundary marking authority on all maps the UN has been able to find, the farms are seen on the Syrian side ."
688:
in
November 2023 passed a resolution which called for an "end to the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories occupied in 1967, including East Al-Quds, the occupied Syrian Golan, and the Lebanese Shebaa Farms, Kafr Shuba hills, and the outskirts of the town of al-Mari, and the implementation
616:
certified Israel's pullout under
Resolution 425 as conforming to the "withdrawal line" it had laid down in accordance with the maps at its disposal "for the practical purpose of confirming the Israeli withdrawal". At the same time the UN noted that its decision was "without prejudice to future border
533:
Israel claims that the area is not covered by UN Security
Council Resolution 425, which governed Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon, stating that the Farms were not Lebanese territory. In support of that view, Israel points to the fact that the UN certified Israel's pullout from Lebanon as having been
424:
In 2000, Lebanon disputed Israel's compliance with
Resolution 425. Lebanon claimed that the Shebaa Farms area was actually Lebanese and demanded that the Israelis should therefore withdraw from there as well. Lebanon asserted that the UN certification of the Israeli withdrawal was "invalid", because
713:
map, and their view of the "reality" in the region. Collecting "unofficial information" from "various sources," they concluded that in their view the area was
Lebanese. Their conclusion was based on the facts that: a) some area residents paid taxes to Lebanon; and b) three or four sheep pens in the
360:
The region continued to be represented in the 1930s and 1940s as Syrian territory, under the French
Mandate. Detailed maps showing the border were produced by the French in 1933, and again in 1945. After the French Mandate ended in 1946, the land was administered by Syria and represented as such on
356:
administrations, and subsequently the
Lebanese and Syrian governments, to demarcate the border between Lebanon and Syria. Documents from the 1920s and 1930s indicate that local inhabitants paid taxes to the Lebanese government, while French officials expressed confusion as to the actual location of
364:
Border disputes erupted from time to time, also with respect to land ownership in other border villages. Syria and
Lebanon formed a joint Syrian-Lebanese border committee in the late 1950s to demarcate a border between the two nations. In 1964, the committee suggested that the area be deemed the
676:
backed
Lebanon's claim with a communique issued at Arab League's 13th session in 2001, asking for "complete Israeli withdrawal from all occupied Palestinian territory, including Jerusalem, from the occupied Syrian Golan Heights to the line of 4 June 1967 and from the remaining occupied Lebanese
150:
claimed that the withdrawal was not complete because Shebaa was on Lebanese â not Syrian â territory. Following the Israeli withdrawal, the UN certified the completion of Israel's pullout. Later the United Nations Secretary General issued a statement proposing the area for the operations of the
271:
Documents from the 1920s and 1930s indicate that some local inhabitants regarded themselves as part of Lebanon, but after the French mandate ended in 1946 the land was administered by Syria, and represented as such on maps of the time, Syrian and Lebanese military maps. Shebaa Farms were then
440:
who said that "the resistance should be kept until a just and comprehensive peace is achieved in the region", adding that "if the Lebanese army were deployed along the borders (with Israel) ... it would be turned into a police force to protect Israel's borders, and this is not acceptable."
483:
Syria has supported Lebanon's claim that the Shebaa Farms are part of Lebanon and not Syrian territory, at the UN and in official government press releases. But at other times it has made contrary statements. On 16 May 2000, the Syrian Foreign Minister, Farouq al-Shara, indicated to UN
182:
Shebaa Farms is an area about 9 km (5.6 mi) long, and 2.5 km (1.6 mi) wide; about 22 km (8.5 sq mi); 5,400 acres). The area contains 14 farms. Shebaa Farms is located about 3 to 12 km (1.9 to 7.5 mi) southwest of the Lebanese village of
211:
that flows into Israel, draining a portion of the relatively precipitation-rich Hermon ridge in the northern Golan Heights. These "edges" are connected by the Shebaa Farms area's northeastern limit 2.5 km east of IDF military camp at Har Dov as defined by a 2007 UN report.
474:
following Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon. The Shebaa Farms were placed inside Syrian territory. Syria, which claims that the farms are Lebanese, has not presented a single document to the UN to prove it. Moreover, Syria refuses to demarcate its borders with Lebanon."
243:
Lebanese press and officials often refer to the northern, higher part of the Shebaa Farms, just southeast of the Lebanese village of Kafr Shuba, as the Kafr Shuba Hills. The wide mountainous ridge in that part is called Jabel Rus (the mountain of the heads) in Arabic.
663:
Following the Israeli war against Hezbollah in 2006, U.N. Security Council Resolution 1701 called for the "Delineation of the international borders of Lebanon, especially in those areas where the border is disputed or uncertain, including in the Shebaa Farms area."
455:, stated that Lebanon has no claims to the Shebaa Farms. The prime minister and president stated that Lebanon has a claim to the area. On 28 August 2006, Hezbollah fighters withdrew from positions facing Israeli occupation lines in the Shebaa Farms area.
368:
A number of local residents regarded themselves as Lebanese but the Lebanese government showed little interest in their views. The Syrian government administered the region, and on the eve of the 1967 war, the region was under effective Syrian control.
660:, the UN special envoy on implementation of Resolution 1559, declared that "the Shaba Farms area is not part of Lebanon. Therefore, any Lebanese 'resistance' to 'liberate' the area from continued Israeli occupation cannot be considered legitimate."
488:
in a telephone conversation that Syria supported Lebanon's claim. This was made public in the UN Press Release SC/6878 of 18 June 2000 which stated: "Concerning the Shab'a farmlands, both Lebanon and Syria state that this land belongs to Lebanon."
462:
website show different versions of the Lebanese southern border. The Shebaa Farms are not marked on the maps but it is evident from one map that the border runs north of the Shebaa Farms, while another map marks the border south of the farms.
85:
and currently occupied by Israel. Lebanon claims the Shebaa farms as its own territory, and Syria agrees with this position. However, Israel claims the territory belongs to Syria. This dispute plays a significant role in contemporary
1417:
2005:, pp. 189â190. The maps mentioned are: (1) Carte du Liban (1932), Bureau Topographique des Troupes Françaises de Levant, Beyrouth; (2) Carte du Levant (1946), Service GĂŠographique de FFL, Institut GĂŠographique National, Paris
372:
In 1967 most Shebaa Farms land owning farmers lived outside the Syrian-controlled region, across the LebaneseâSyrian border, in the Lebanese village of Shebaa. After the Six-Day War, the landowners were no longer able to farm it.
155:; in the statement the controversy was described, with 81 different maps being studied; the UN concluded that there is no evidence of the abandoned farmlands being Lebanese, but proposed to maintain the existing boundaries of the
329:
For decades the international diplomatic community has requested that Syria and Lebanon take steps to determine the exact boundary and officially register the demarcated border with the United Nations. Syrian President
132:
1029:
518:
on 27 August 2006, said: "Saying that the farms are occupied, and hence cannot be demarcated, is nothing but a pretext. The demarcation would not take more than an hour if there was a political will."
1197:
1686:
2286:
1487:
1391:
721:, an Israeli geographer, mentions two French maps published in 1932 and 1946, the former shows the farm area as being part of Lebanon while the latter shows the area as a Syrian territory.
109:, nor was this done later by Lebanese and Syrian governments. Documents from the 1920s and 1930s indicate that inhabitants paid taxes to the Lebanese government. From the early 1950s to
1597:
507:
In an interview with Assad reported by SANA on 24 August 2006, Assad flatly refused demarcation of the Syrian/Lebanese border near Shebaa Farms before a withdrawal of Israeli troops.
338:
was released by the UN. This could be a prelude to an eventual negotiated demarcation of the territory. By October 2013, neither party had officially responded to the proposal.
977:
404:
Between 2000 and 2005, Hezbollah attacked the IDF at Shebaa/Har Dov 33 times, resulting in seven Israeli soldiers killed in action, three taken prisoner, and dozens wounded.
1134:"Raising the issue of the Sheba'a Farms in the proposed American-French Security Council draft resolution for ending the fighting: background information and significance"
1227:
389:, calling on Israel "to withdraw forthwith its forces from all Lebanese territory". The phrase "all territory" was used in Resolution 425, in contrast to the language in
1538:
1659:
1629:
235:. The area includes heights overlooking parts of southern Lebanon and Israel to the west. Elevations range from about 250 to about 1,500 m (825â4,940 ft).
2279:
589:
557:
1133:
390:
386:
315:
296:
174:, stated: "The countdown for liberating the rest of our lands has begun. And today I confirm the of all available and legitimate means to achieve this goal".
396:
On 22 May 2000, Israel completed its withdrawal from southern Lebanon in accordance with Resolution 425. The UN certified the completion of Israel's pullout.
1361:
1037:
1975:
1205:
156:
681:
2272:
1690:
300:
2667:
215:
The same report defines the southwestern limit as a line roughly following the foot of the ridge and starting at just over a kilometer northwest of
98:
2662:
1495:
1395:
646:
152:
2657:
307:
143:
2672:
223:
and 1.0 km "south of the (Lebanese) village of El Majidiye." This southwestern limit of Shebaa Farms comes within about 1 km of the
2337:
858:
2422:
1607:
163:
1953:"A/67/895 Letter dated 4 June 2013 from the Permanent Representative of Qatar to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General"
685:
735:
167:
985:
730:
2222:
1769:
2123:
314:
on 24 May 2000. On 18 June 2000, the United Nations affirmed that Israel had withdrawn its forces from Lebanon, in accordance with
1906:"Letter dated April 6, 2001 from the Permanent Representative of Jordan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General"
1483:
973:
159:
in Syria (which had included the Shebaa Farms since 1967) "without prejudice" to any future agreement between Syria and Lebanon.
1716:
1491:
981:
295:
declared this extension of " laws, jurisdiction and administration... null and void and without international legal effect" in
292:
1546:
2320:
1742:
1663:
698:
588:, stating that "the United States believes that the time has come to deal with the Shebaa Farms issue ... in accordance with
2603:
1637:
560:, said on 26 April 2006: "I think the overwhelming preponderance of the evidence is that Shebaa Farms is Syrian territory."
1272:
1249:
2642:
334:
has refused. On 31 October 2007, the definition of the physical extent of the Shebaa Farms area by former UN cartographer
2027:
93:
The territory is named for the farms within it which were historically tended by the inhabitants of the Lebanese town of
87:
1855:"Security Council condemns violence along blue line between Israel and Lebanon, extends mandate of UNIFIL until July 31"
1816:
1140:
740:
411:
truck driver was killed at Har Dov during infrastructure works as a result of an anti-tank missile strike by Hezbollah.
2647:
2242:
452:
124:
470:, "The issue over these farms was created to justify resistance operations from Lebanon after the UN had created the
1369:
267:
Sketch by government official Pierre Bart in 1937 showing a de facto boundary different from what appeared on maps
1488:"Report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of Security Council resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978)"
978:"Report of the Secretary-General on the implementation of Security Council resolutions 425 (1978) and 426 (1978)"
353:
347:
224:
1931:"Resolution of the Joint Arab Islamic Extraordinary Summit On Israeli Aggression Against the Palestinian People"
227:, international border between Israel and Syria. The only overland route between Lebanon and Syria south of the
82:
2510:
357:
the border. One French official in 1939 declared that the uncertainty was sure to cause trouble in the future.
219:, then running northwest to the international LebaneseâSyrian border's sharp turning point 3.4 km east of
521:
In a 28 February 2011 one-on-one meeting with an American diplomat, Assad declared that both Shebaa Farms and
203:. The northwestern edge of the area corresponds to the international LebaneseâSyrian border recognized by the
1841:
1139:. Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center at the Center for Special Studies. p. 7. Archived from
501:
1891:
927:"Security council endorses secretary-general's conclusion on Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon as of June 16"
2652:
2566:
2465:
1602:
880:
617:
agreements between the Member States concerned," referring to Israel, Syria, and Lebanon. The UN stated:
1633:
1511:
1081:
1001:
578:
252:
2183:
574:
on 1 August 2006, that: "Israel should withdraw from all Lebanese territory, including Shebaa Farms."
135:. Israel considers it part of the Golan Heights and continues to hold it, along with the Golan, under
2521:
2173:
2153:
231:
ridge used to run between these two lines. The small farms in this area have not been used since the
2528:
2100:
1457:
853:. Studies in Security and International Affairs Ser. University of Georgia Press. pp. 143â144.
335:
2295:
1347:
1072:
948:
926:
657:
605:
511:
471:
136:
1875:
1717:"President Bashar Assad's speech before the annual convention of the Arab Lawyers Union, Damascus"
2479:
2237:
1952:
1325:
1105:
1085:
352:
The dispute over the sovereignty of Shebaa Farms resulted in part from the failure of the French
2075:
1070:
Kaufman, Asher (Autumn 2002). "Who owns the Shebaa Farms? Chronicle of a territorial dispute".
263:
2532:
2325:
2218:
2178:
1365:
854:
745:
515:
288:
279:
When Israel captured the Golan Heights in 1967, Shebaa Farms was considered Syrian territory.
207:
along that ridge. The southeastern edge follows Wadi al-Asal (Nahal Si'on), a 16 km long
128:
1930:
897:
2388:
2232:
1569:
581:
382:
311:
2053:
850:
Enduring Territorial Disputes: Strategies of Bargaining, Coercive Diplomacy, and Settlement
2415:
2405:
2347:
1712:
1524:
1168:
1014:
570:
493:
408:
331:
184:
171:
54:
38:
2148:
2023:
1854:
677:
territory up to the internationally recognized borders, including the Shab`a farmlands".
437:
276:. Syria accepts the Lebanese claim on Shebaa Farms, but refuses any binding demarcation.
2131:
326:
cites the occupation of Shebaa Farms as one reason for its continued attacks on Israel.
2469:
2371:
1879:
1794:
884:
774:
710:
613:
553:
444:
319:
204:
97:. It is about 11 kilometres (7 mi) long and 2.5 kilometres (2 mi) wide. The
2636:
2354:
2206:
2119:
1905:
1431:
831:
760:
459:
433:
2264:
1798:
1720:
2432:
1812:
718:
564:
228:
200:
192:
1746:
1298:
848:
2549:
2158:
1542:
673:
538:
284:
273:
232:
114:
2398:
2330:
2037:
750:
709:. They noted a discrepancy between the border, as determined by the 1:200,000
522:
485:
2618:
2605:
2259:
New Rules of the Game: Israel and Hizbollah after the Withdrawal from Lebanon
1743:"President Bashar al-Assad Gives an interview to Dubai Satellite TV. Channel"
2461:
2299:
2214:
608:, a rough delineation of the Shabaa Farm area and the UNIFIL deployment area
542:
323:
147:
47:
21:
2506:
2058:
1574:
1343:
706:
702:
497:
119:
1030:"Lebanon to Release Statement on National Resistance, Hezbollah Weapons"
697:
In 2002, Asher Kaufman of the Harry S. Truman Research Institute at the
2542:
2449:
2393:
2083:
2079:
2032:
1980:
1303:
1089:
280:
102:
1273:"Ban cites Hizbullah's arms as 'key' threat to government's authority"
802:
2559:
2554:
2474:
2444:
2410:
2376:
2359:
650:
633:
On 20 January 2005, UN Secretary-General's report on Lebanon stated:
585:
220:
216:
110:
94:
600:
1842:"Lebanon: Condoleezza Rice wants to resolve the Shebaa Farms issue"
1458:"׊ר×ף ץ×××ע×, ×× 35 ××××××, × ××¨× ×פ××עת × "× ××ר×× ×ר ×× | ××׊×ת 13"
2576:
2537:
2454:
2381:
2364:
599:
448:
322:
certification that Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon was complete.
283:
was not an active participant in the war. In 1981 Israel extended
262:
196:
188:
106:
2261:, Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, Tel-Aviv University, 2004.
187:, and about 5 to 7 km (3.1 to 4.3 mi) northwest of the
2571:
2516:
2427:
2342:
1394:. United Nations Security Council. 19 March 1978. Archived from
537:
Israel says the land was Syrian when it was captured during the
429:
208:
2268:
1770:"Assad: The Shebaa Farms Are Syrian, Whatever Hezbollah Claims"
1432:"Israeli citizen killed by anti-tank missile in Mount Dov area"
701:, discovered previously unknown documents in French government
127:. In 1981, the Golan Heights, including the Shebaa Farms, were
1121:. BAR International Series 589. TEMPVS REPARATVM. p. 192.
835:
714:
Farms belonged to residents of the Lebanese village of Shaba.
642:
1687:"Only Constructive Negotiations Can Bring about a Ceasefire"
1598:"News analysis: Hezbollah seen surviving UN troop expansion"
195:. Shebaa Farms is on the southeastern side of a long, broad
1976:"Long-forgotten papers may offer a new road map for peace"
1719:. Campaign for Good Governance in Lebanon]. Archived from
1745:. Syrian Arab News Agency. 24 August 2006. Archived from
496:
spoke before the convention of the Arab Lawyers Union in
2076:"Report: Hezbollah to drop arms if Israel quits Shebaa"
1299:"UN cartographer to plot Shaba Farms border boundaries"
1198:"Khaddam reiterates charge that Damascus killed Hariri"
436:
said. Those comments were echoed by Lebanese President
142:
The territory has been a flashpoint for violence since
2308:
Parties involved shown in parentheses after each entry
1252:. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 14 December 1981
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
881:
Israel and Militants Trade Fire Across Lebanese Border
625:
In April 2002, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, said:
101:
administration failed to demarcate the border between
76:
2490:
2313:
16:
Small disputed territory between Lebanon and Israel
1857:. United Nations Security Council. 28 January 2005
1230:. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 8 April 2002
1119:Settlements and Cult Sites on Mount Hermon, Israel
1346:" 1:200,000 sheet NI36-XII available in the U.S.
1911:. United Nations Security Council. 10 April 2001
1539:"Shebaa farmers view Hezbollah as their savior"
968:
966:
964:
962:
929:. United Nations Security Council. 18 June 2000
247:Israel refers to this northern, higher part as
558:United States Ambassador to the United Nations
2280:
1163:
1161:
896:Berman, Yaniv; Line, Media (10 August 2006).
796:
794:
792:
790:
8:
645:quoted Timur Goksel, then spokesman for the
170:. In August 2008, the president of Lebanon,
125:Israel invaded and occupied Southern Lebanon
25:Map showing the location of the Shebaa Farms
2003:Israel's borders â past, present and future
381:In 1978 Israel invaded southern Lebanon in
157:United Nations Disengagement Observer Force
2287:
2273:
2265:
1192:
1190:
113:'s occupation of the Golan Heights in the
1799:"Remarks on UN Reform, Lebanon and Sudan"
1392:"Resolution 425 (1978) of March 19, 1978"
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
500:which was translated into English by the
162:Low-level conflict continued in the area
1204:. Beirut. 29 August 2006. Archived from
1101:
1099:
803:"Understanding the Sheeba Farms dispute"
525:were Syrian territory and not Lebanese.
144:Israel withdrew from Lebanon in May 2000
99:French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
20:
1662:. Lebanese Armed Forces. Archived from
786:
647:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
492:On 21 January 2006, President of Syria
153:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
2105:Canadian Lebanese Coordinating Council
1520:
1509:
1228:"The Legal Status of the Shabaa Farms"
1010:
999:
2338:Disputed territories of Northern Iraq
1570:"Lebanese leader: Mount Dov not ours"
949:"Har Dov withdrawal not on the table"
7:
2233:"CIA â The World Factbook â Lebanon"
1974:Pearlman, Jonathan (3 August 2006).
1892:"Syria and the Shebaa Farms Dispute"
832:Israeli views on Shebaa Farms harden
514:, in an interview with the Lebanese
2211:Israel's Wars: A History since 1947
2054:"Fighting erupts over Shebaa Farms"
1876:Har Dov Withdrawal Not on the Table
1596:Wright, Jonathan (29 August 2006).
953:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
686:Organization of Islamic Cooperation
545:to continue its attacks on Israel.
541:, and the dispute is being used by
69:
58:
42:
2147:Israel, Jared (4 September 2006).
2124:"The Truth About the Shebaa Farms"
1326:"United Nations Official Document"
736:January 2015 Shebaa Farms incident
393:, which led to semantic disputes.
306:A controversy arose following the
251:(Mount Dov) after Dov Rodberg, an
14:
2591:Divided among multiple claimants.
2099:Bejjani, Elias (3 October 2005).
1768:Hof, Frederic C. (7 April 2021).
1685:Dergham, Raghida (28 July 2006).
466:According to the Arab newspaper,
428:Lebanese officials point to land
425:of Lebanon's claim to the farms.
385:. The UN Security Council passed
318:. Syria and Lebanon disputed the
199:descending to the southwest from
1484:United Nations Secretary-General
1360:Nasser, Cilina (25 April 2005).
1132:Erlich, Reuven (9 August 2006).
974:United Nations Secretary-General
898:"Shebaa Farms â nub of conflict"
767:
753:
2668:Territorial disputes of Lebanon
1492:United Nations Security Council
1028:Sana Abdallah (1 August 2008).
982:United Nations Security Council
510:Former Vice President of Syria
293:United Nations Security Council
272:occupied by Israel in the 1967
133:recognized by the United States
2663:Territorial disputes of Israel
2321:David Gareja monastery complex
1689:. Dar Al Hayat. Archived from
1436:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
1418:"Hezbollah attacks at Har Dov"
1297:Aluf Benn (7 September 2007).
1271:Hani M. Bathish (9 May 2007).
699:Hebrew University of Jerusalem
255:officer killed there in 1970.
1:
2673:Territorial disputes of Syria
2101:"Shebaa farm history polemic"
1817:"Stop the Band-Aid Treatment"
1545:. 27 May 2006. Archived from
904:– via www.ynetnews.com.
731:2000â06 Shebaa Farms conflict
717:In a book published in 1988,
451:politician and leader of the
81:), is a strip of land on the
2149:"Shebaa Farms and UN Deceit"
1568:Waked, All (15 March 2005).
741:Syrian occupation of Lebanon
689:of the two-state solution."
308:withdrawal of Israeli troops
299:, which was not passed with
2243:Central Intelligence Agency
684:of the Arab League and the
453:Progressive Socialist Party
77:
48:
2691:
1630:"Political map of Lebanon"
345:
2658:HezbollahâIsrael conflict
2587:
2306:
348:French Mandate of Lebanon
2511:Greater and Lesser Tunbs
2423:SaudiâIraqi neutral zone
2213:(2nd ed.). London:
2174:"Behind the 'blue line'"
1844:. Retrieved 7 July 2008.
1169:"In focus: Shebaa farms"
807:Palestine-Israel Journal
287:to the region under its
88:IsraelâLebanon relations
801:Kaufman, Asher (2004).
502:Syrian Arab News Agency
2567:Khuriya Muriya Islands
2550:Imia / Kardak
2001:Braver, Moshe (1988).
1801:(Interview). New York.
1519:Cite journal requires
1009:Cite journal requires
847:Wiegand, K.E. (2011).
609:
458:Maps published on the
268:
123:ruling power. In 1978
83:LebaneseâSyrian border
26:
1082:Middle East Institute
603:
579:US Secretary of State
556:, in his capacity as
407:On 26 April 2024, an
391:Resolution 242 (1967)
266:
24:
2643:Geography of Lebanon
2522:United Arab Emirates
2296:Territorial disputes
2154:Israel National News
2128:World Politics Watch
1749:on 28 September 2007
1666:on 27 September 2011
1640:on 27 September 2011
1350:and French archives.
693:Historical documents
563:Former US president
400:Attacks by Hezbollah
303:enforcement powers.
2615: /
2040:on 3 September 2007
1894:. 28 February 2009.
1840:Los Angeles Times.
1821:The Washington Post
1715:(21 January 2006).
1610:on 18 February 2008
1362:"The key to Shebaa"
1348:Library of Congress
1250:"Golan Heights Law"
1117:Shimon Dar (1993).
1073:Middle East Journal
512:Abdel-Halim Khaddam
342:Territorial dispute
225:1949 Armistice Line
137:military occupation
2648:Geography of Syria
2257:Sobelman, Daniel.
2238:The World Factbook
2134:on 9 February 2007
2122:(15 August 2006).
1933:. 11 November 2023
1774:New Lines Magazine
1723:on 30 January 2007
610:
604:A map showing the
484:Secretary-General
361:maps of the time.
269:
27:
2619:33.283°N 35.700°E
2598:
2597:
2466:Judea and Samaria
2245:. 8 February 2007
2184:Abdallah El Binni
1815:(1 August 2006).
1797:(26 April 2006).
1693:on 20 August 2006
1498:on 28 August 2006
1398:on 6 October 2006
1372:on 13 August 2006
1146:on 30 August 2006
1040:on 6 October 2008
1034:Middle East Times
860:978-0-8203-3946-7
746:Borders of Israel
516:Future Television
289:Golan Heights Law
164:from 2000 to 2006
129:annexed by Israel
75:
2680:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2389:Nagorno-Karabakh
2289:
2282:
2275:
2266:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2228:
2209:(19 July 2002).
2195:
2193:
2191:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2130:. Archived from
2115:
2113:
2111:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2036:. Archived from
2028:"Thin Blue Line"
2026:(23 June 2000).
2006:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1927:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1882:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1851:
1845:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1713:al-Assad, Bashar
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1660:"Carte du Liban"
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1636:. Archived from
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1606:. Archived from
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1494:. Archived from
1486:(16 June 2000).
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1368:. Archived from
1357:
1351:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1268:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1208:on 5 August 2012
1194:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1145:
1138:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1114:
1108:
1103:
1094:
1093:
1067:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1036:. Archived from
1025:
1019:
1018:
1012:
1007:
1005:
997:
995:
993:
984:. Archived from
970:
957:
956:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
923:
906:
905:
893:
887:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
844:
838:
829:
823:
822:
820:
818:
798:
777:
772:
771:
770:
763:
758:
757:
756:
658:Terje Rød-Larsen
582:Condoleezza Rice
523:Kfar Shuba Hills
383:Operation Litani
377:Operation Litani
312:Southern Lebanon
117:, Syria was the
80:
74:romanized:
73:
71:
60:
51:
44:
2690:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2633:
2632:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2594:
2583:
2500:
2486:
2416:Northern Cyprus
2406:Northern Cyprus
2348:Iraqi Kurdistan
2309:
2302:
2293:
2248:
2246:
2231:
2225:
2205:
2202:
2189:
2187:
2172:
2163:
2161:
2146:
2137:
2135:
2118:
2109:
2107:
2098:
2089:
2087:
2074:
2065:
2063:
2062:. 14 April 2001
2052:
2043:
2041:
2022:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1984:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1726:
1724:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1694:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1613:
1611:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1580:
1578:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1549:on 4 March 2016
1537:
1536:
1532:
1518:
1508:
1501:
1499:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1467:
1465:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1438:. 26 April 2024
1430:
1429:
1425:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1341:
1337:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1307:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1209:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1159:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1069:
1068:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1008:
998:
991:
989:
988:on 22 June 2011
976:(22 May 2000).
972:
971:
960:
947:
946:
942:
932:
930:
925:
924:
909:
895:
894:
890:
879:
875:
865:
863:
861:
846:
845:
841:
830:
826:
816:
814:
800:
799:
788:
784:
773:
768:
766:
759:
754:
752:
727:
695:
670:
598:
571:Washington Post
551:
531:
494:Bashar al-Assad
481:
422:
417:
409:Israeli Bedouin
402:
379:
350:
344:
332:Bashar al-Assad
261:
241:
180:
172:Michel Suleiman
62:Havot Shebaâa),
33:, also spelled
17:
12:
11:
5:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2635:
2634:
2624:33.283; 35.700
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2533:Qit'at Jaradah
2529:Fasht Ad Dibal
2526:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2477:
2470:East Jerusalem
2459:
2458:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2229:
2223:
2207:Bregman, Ahron
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2170:
2144:
2120:Moubayed, Sami
2116:
2096:
2086:. 9 April 2005
2072:
2050:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:External links
2010:
2008:
2007:
1994:
1966:
1944:
1922:
1897:
1883:
1880:Jerusalem Post
1868:
1846:
1833:
1804:
1795:Bolton, John R
1786:
1760:
1734:
1704:
1677:
1651:
1621:
1588:
1560:
1530:
1521:|journal=
1490:. S/2000/590.
1475:
1449:
1423:
1409:
1383:
1352:
1335:
1317:
1289:
1277:The Daily Star
1263:
1241:
1219:
1202:The Daily Star
1186:
1157:
1124:
1109:
1107:, paragraph 58
1095:
1051:
1020:
1011:|journal=
980:. S/2000/460.
958:
940:
907:
888:
885:New York Times
873:
859:
839:
824:
785:
783:
780:
779:
778:
775:Lebanon portal
764:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
726:
723:
694:
691:
669:
666:
639:
638:
631:
630:
623:
622:
614:United Nations
597:
594:
577:In June 2008,
550:
547:
530:
527:
480:
477:
445:Walid Jumblatt
421:
418:
416:
413:
401:
398:
387:Resolution 425
378:
375:
346:Main article:
343:
340:
336:Miklos Pinther
320:United Nations
316:Resolution 425
297:Resolution 497
260:
257:
240:
237:
205:United Nations
179:
176:
131:, a move only
64:also known as
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2686:
2685:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Golan Heights
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2631:
2628:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2551:
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2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2513: /
2512:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2407:
2404:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2355:Western Golan
2353:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
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2256:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2224:0-415-28716-2
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2186:. 26 May 2010
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2024:Schiff, Ze'ev
2021:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1970:
1967:
1955:. 4 June 2013
1954:
1948:
1945:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1869:
1856:
1850:
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1843:
1837:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1813:Carter, Jimmy
1808:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1775:
1771:
1764:
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1748:
1744:
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1705:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1678:
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1639:
1635:
1634:Lebanese Army
1631:
1625:
1622:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1592:
1589:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1564:
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1513:
1497:
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1489:
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1427:
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1419:
1413:
1410:
1397:
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1349:
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1207:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1175:. 25 May 2000
1174:
1170:
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1142:
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1128:
1125:
1120:
1113:
1110:
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1024:
1021:
1016:
1003:
987:
983:
979:
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969:
967:
965:
963:
959:
954:
950:
944:
941:
928:
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918:
916:
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862:
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851:
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837:
833:
828:
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808:
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795:
793:
791:
787:
781:
776:
765:
762:
761:Israel portal
751:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
728:
724:
722:
720:
715:
712:
708:
704:
700:
692:
690:
687:
683:
682:joint meeting
678:
675:
667:
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648:
644:
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635:
634:
628:
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626:
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619:
618:
615:
607:
602:
595:
593:
591:
587:
583:
580:
575:
573:
572:
567:suggested in
566:
561:
559:
555:
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546:
544:
540:
535:
528:
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519:
517:
513:
508:
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487:
478:
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469:
464:
461:
460:Lebanese army
456:
454:
450:
447:, a Lebanese
446:
442:
439:
435:
434:Fouad Seniora
431:
426:
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104:
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96:
91:
89:
84:
79:
67:
63:
56:
52:
50:
49:MazÄri' Ĺ ibâÄ
40:
36:
35:Sheba'a Farms
32:
23:
19:
2600:
2531: /
2509: /
2468: /
2464: /
2440:Shebaa Farms
2439:
2433:Saudi Arabia
2258:
2247:. Retrieved
2236:
2210:
2188:. Retrieved
2177:
2162:. Retrieved
2152:
2136:. Retrieved
2132:the original
2127:
2108:. Retrieved
2104:
2088:. Retrieved
2064:. Retrieved
2057:
2042:. Retrieved
2038:the original
2031:
2002:
1997:
1987:29 September
1985:. Retrieved
1979:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1947:
1935:. Retrieved
1925:
1913:. Retrieved
1900:
1886:
1871:
1861:29 September
1859:. Retrieved
1849:
1836:
1826:29 September
1824:. Retrieved
1820:
1807:
1789:
1777:. Retrieved
1773:
1763:
1753:29 September
1751:. Retrieved
1747:the original
1737:
1727:29 September
1725:. Retrieved
1721:the original
1707:
1697:29 September
1695:. Retrieved
1691:the original
1680:
1668:. Retrieved
1664:the original
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1638:the original
1624:
1614:29 September
1612:. Retrieved
1608:the original
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