1033:("I take refuge in Amitābha Buddha"). Jōdo Shinshū is not the first school of Buddhism to practice the nembutsu but it is interpreted in a new way according to Shinran. The nembutsu becomes understood as an act that expresses gratitude to Amitābha; furthermore, it is evoked in the practitioner through the power of Amida's unobstructed compassion. Therefore, in Shin Buddhism, the nembutsu is not considered a practice, nor does it generate karmic merit. It is simply an affirmation of one's gratitude. Indeed, given that the nembutsu is the Name, when one utters the Name, that is Amitābha calling to the devotee. This is the essence of the Name-that-calls.
799:
1283:
75:
5255:
790:, "Temple of the Original Vow". Kakushinni was instrumental in preserving Shinran's teachings after his death, and the letters she received and saved from her mother, Eshinni, provide critical biographical information regarding Shinran's earlier life. These letters are currently preserved in the Nishi Hongan temple in Kyoto. Shinran died at the age of 90 in 1263 (technically age 89 by Western reckoning).
5266:
1014:—in order to attain liberation. Shin Buddhism can therefore be understood as a "practiceless practice", for there are no specific acts to be performed such as there are in the "Path of Sages". In Shinran's own words, Shin Buddhism is considered the "Easy Path" because one is not compelled to perform many difficult, and often esoteric, practices in order to attain higher and higher mental states.
2664:
2651:
2641:
1255:, which caused many Shin temples to focus on rebuilding the Japanese-American Shin sangha rather than encourage outreach to non-Japanese. Today, many Shinshū temples outside Japan continue to have predominantly ethnic Japanese members, although interest in Buddhism and intermarriage contribute to a more diverse community. There are active Jōdo Shinshū sanghas in the
31:
991:(自力). For both Hōnen and Shinran, all conscious efforts towards achieving enlightenment and realizing the Bodhisattva ideal were contrived and rooted in selfish ignorance; for humans of this age are so deeply rooted in karmic evil as to be incapable of developing the truly altruistic compassion that is requisite to becoming a Bodhisattva.
1196:
despite the fact that Amitābha should be the primary buddha that Pure Land believers focus on. Furthermore, under the influence of Rennyo and other priests, Jōdo Shinshū later fully accepted honji suijaku beliefs and the concept of kami as manifestations of Amida Buddha and other buddhas and bodhisattvas.
1112:
also describes the way of naturalness whereby Amitābha's infinite light illumines and transforms the deeply rooted karmic evil of countless rebirths into good karma. It is of note that such evil karma is not destroyed but rather transformed: Shin stays within the
Mahayana tradition's understanding of
778:
In 1234, at the age of sixty, Shinran left Kantō for Kyoto (Eshinni stayed in Echigo and she may have outlived
Shinran by several years), where he dedicated the rest of his years to writing. It was during this time he wrote the Wasan, a collection of verses summarizing his teachings for his followers
1060:
Many Pure Land
Buddhist schools in the time of Shinran felt that birth in the Pure Land was a literal rebirth that occurred only upon death, and only after certain preliminary rituals. Elaborate rituals were used to guarantee rebirth in the Pure Land, including a common practice wherein the fingers
896:
system continues to exist today, although not as strictly as in the premodern period, causing
Japanese Buddhism to also be labeled as "Funeral Buddhism" since it became the primary function of Buddhist temples. The Honganji also created an impressive academic tradition, which led to the founding of
867:(altar area) of most Jōdo Shinshū temples. However, Rennyo has also been criticized by some Shin scholars for his engagement in medieval politics and his alleged divergences from Shinran's original thought. After Rennyo, Shin Buddhism was still persecuted in some regions. Secret Shin groups called
810:
slowly spread through the Kantō and the northeastern seaboard. Shinran's descendants maintained themselves as caretakers of
Shinran's gravesite and as Shin teachers, although they continued to be ordained in the Tendai School. Some of Shinran's disciples founded their own schools of Shin Buddhism,
858:
and the Ji School, may have also been adopted by early Shin
Buddhists. Rennyo ended these practices by formalizing much of the Jōdo Shinshū ritual and liturgy, and revived the thinning community at the Honganji temple while asserting newfound political power. Rennyo also proselytized widely among
1086:
The goal of the Shin path, or at least the practicer's present life, is the attainment of shinjin in the Other Power of Amida. Shinjin is sometimes translated as "faith", but this does not capture the nuances of the term and it is more often simply left untranslated. The receipt of shinjin comes
1195:
By contrast, Shinran had distanced Jōdo Shinshū from Shinto because he believed that many Shinto practices contradicted the notion of reliance on Amitābha. However, Shinran taught that his followers should still continue to worship and express gratitude to kami, other buddhas, and bodhisattvas
2264:
In 1994 Shogyoji established Three Wheels ('Sanrin shoja' in
Japanese), in London, in response to the deep friendship between a group of English and Japanese people. Since then the Three Wheels community has grown considerably and serves as the hub of a lively multi-cultural Shin Buddhist
1052:
In another departure from more traditional Pure Land schools, Shinran advocated that birth in the Pure Land was settled in the midst of life. At the moment one entrusts oneself to Amitābha, one becomes "established in the stage of the truly settled". This is equivalent to the stage of
1069:
or "other-power" of Amida Buddha. Such rituals also favor those who could afford the time and energy to practice them or possess the necessary ritual objects—another obstacle for lower-class individuals. For
Shinran Shonin, who closely followed the thought of the Chinese monk
842:, and had an informal liturgical structure. However, as time went on, this lack of cohesion and structure caused Jōdo Shinshū to gradually lose its identity as a distinct sect, as people began mixing other Buddhist practices with Shin ritual. One common example was the
1028:
As in other Pure Land
Buddhist schools, Amitābha is a central focus of the Buddhist practice, and Jōdo Shinshū expresses this devotion through a chanting practice called nembutsu, or "Mindfulness of the Buddha ". The nembutsu is simply reciting the phrase
984:
and in Japan at the end of the Heian. Shinran, like his mentor Hōnen, saw the age he was living in as being a degenerate one where beings cannot hope to be able to extricate themselves from the cycle of birth and death through their own power, or
979:
which claims humanity's ability to listen to and practice the
Buddhist teachings deteriorates over time and loses effectiveness in bringing individual practitioners closer to Buddhahood. This belief was particularly widespread in early medieval
1199:
Jōdo Shinshū traditionally had an uneasy relationship with other Buddhist schools because it discouraged the majority of traditional Buddhist practices except for the nembutsu. Relations were particularly hostile between the Jōdo Shinshū and
1125:
gifted to the practitioner through shinjin, the practitioner attains the state of non-retrogression, whereupon after his death it is claimed he will achieve instantaneous and effortless enlightenment. He will then return to the world as a
716:
to forbid Hōnen and his teachings after two of Imperial ladies-in-waiting converted to his practices. Hōnen and his followers, among them Shinran, were forced into exile and four of Hōnen's disciples were executed. Shinran was given a
862:
Rennyo is generally credited by Shin Buddhists for reversing the stagnation of the early Jōdo Shinshū community, and is considered the "Second Founder" of Jōdo Shinshū. His portrait picture, along with Shinran's, are present on the
1208:, tended to have a more positive relationship and occasionally shared practices, although this is still controversial. In popular lore, Rennyo, the 8th Head Priest of the Hongan-ji sect, was good friends with the famous Zen master
1152:
is a phrase which means "A record set down in lamentation over departures from his teaching". While it is a short text, it is one of the most popular because practitioners see Shinran in a more informal setting.
1243:(formerly Buddhist Churches of Canada) are several of the oldest Buddhist organizations outside of Asia. Jōdo Shinshū continues to remain relatively unknown outside the ethnic community because of the history of
1160:, Shinran's descendant, wrote of it, "This writing is an important one in our tradition. It should not be indiscriminately shown to anyone who lacks the past karmic good". Rennyo Shonin's personal copy of the
1099:(自然 naturalness, spontaneous working of the Vow) and cannot be achieved solely through conscious effort. One is letting go of conscious effort in a sense, and simply trusting Amida Buddha, and the nembutsu.
697:-only practice to many people in Kyoto society and amassed a substantial following but also came under increasing criticism by the Buddhist establishment there. Among his strongest critics was the monk
755:
In 1211 the nembutsu ban was lifted and Shinran was pardoned, but by 1212, Hōnen had died in Kyoto. Shinran never saw Hōnen following their exile. In the year of Hōnen's death, Shinran set out for the
1108:) of Amitābha's call of the nembutsu. According to Shinran, "to hear" means "that sentient beings, having heard how the Buddha's Vow arose—its origin and fulfillment—are altogether free of doubt."
815:(1415–1499), who was 8th in descent from Shinran. Through his charisma and proselytizing, Shin Buddhism was able to amass a greater following and grow in strength. In the 16th-century, during the
859:
other Pure Land sects and consolidated most of the smaller Shin sects. Today, there are still ten distinct sects of Jōdo Shinshū with Nishi Hongan-ji and Higashi Hongan-ji being the two largest.
2497:
Matsunaga, Daigan, Matsunaga, Alicia (1996), Foundation of Japanese Buddhism, Vol. 2: The Mass Movement (Kamakura and Muromachi Periods), Los Angeles; Tokyo: Buddhist Books International, 1996.
1546:
Developed a specific school of Buddhism devoted solely to rebirth in the Pure Land, further popularised recitation of name of Amitabha Buddha in order to attain rebirth in the Pure Land.
690:
or "Pure Land School". From that time on, Shinran considered himself, even after exile, a devout disciple of Hōnen rather than a founder establishing his own, distinct Pure Land school.
1456:
Promoted the concept of "easy path" of the Pure Land in comparison to the tradition "path of the sages". Taught the efficacy of the Pure Land path in the latter age of the Dharma.
3405:
2795:
1061:
were tied by strings to a painting or image of Amida Buddha. From the perspective of Jōdo Shinshū such rituals actually betray a lack of trust in Amida Buddha, relying on
771:
748:, was alleged to have started a heretical sect of Pure Land Buddhism through claims that he received special teachings from his father. Zenran demanded control of local
1036:
Note that this is in contrast to the related Jōdo-shū, which promoted a combination of repetition of the nembutsu and devotion to Amitābha as a means to birth in his
880:, Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism adapted, along with the other Japanese Buddhist schools, into providing memorial and funeral services for its registered members under the
4548:
835:
was broken off into two sects to curb its power. These two sects, the Nishi (Western) Honganji and the Higashi (Eastern) Honganji, exist separately to this day.
5296:
1231:). Many immigrants to North America came from regions in which Jōdo Shinshū was predominant, and maintained their religious identity in their new country. The
664:
sect. Over time, Shinran became disillusioned with how Buddhism was practiced, foreseeing a decline in the potency and practicality of the teachings espoused.
2765:
1215:
Jōdo Shinshū drew much of its support from lower social classes in Japan who could not devote the time or education to other esoteric Buddhist practices or
544:
1290:
The "Seven Patriarchs of Jōdo Shinshū" are seven Buddhist monks venerated in the development of Pure Land Buddhism as summarized in the Jōdo Shinshū hymn
2873:
2630:
740:
It was during this exile that Shinran cultivated a deeper understanding of his own beliefs based on Hōnen's Pure Land teachings. In 1210 he married
709:. The latter continued to criticize Hōnen and his followers even after they pledged to behave with good conduct and to not slander other Buddhists.
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could be seen as a manifestation of a bodhisattva. It is common even to this day to have Shinto shrines within the grounds of Buddhist temples.
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926:, the Honganji, as with the other Japanese Buddhist schools, was compelled to support the policies of the military government and the cult of
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appeared to him, espousing a pathway to enlightenment through verse. Following the retreat, in 1201, Shinran left Mount Hiei to study under
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1227:
During the 19th century, Japanese immigrants began arriving in Hawaii, the United States, Canada, Mexico and South America (especially in
759:, where he established a substantial following and began committing his ideas to writing. In 1224 he wrote his most significant book, the
752:(lay follower groups), but after writing a stern letter of warning, Shinran disowned him in 1256, effectively ending Zenran's legitimacy.
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instead of having them participate in the Imperial government. When Shinran was nine years old in 1181, he was sent by his uncle to
3021:
1044:. It also contrasts with other Buddhist schools in China and Japan, where nembutsu recitation was part of a more elaborate ritual.
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Ducor, Jerome (2021): Shinran and Pure Land Buddhism; San Francisco, Jodo Shinshu International Office; 188 pp., bibliography (
1426:
Developed the six-syllable nembutsu chant commonly recited, emphasized the role of Amitabha Buddha's vow to rescue all beings.
827:, which Nobunaga coveted because of its strategic value. So strong did the sect become that in 1602, through mandate of Shogun
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765:("The True Teaching, Practice, Faith and Attainment of the Pure Land"), which contained excerpts from the Three Pure Land
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Includes basic information, shopping for Shin Buddhist ritual implements, and links to various Shin churches in America.
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854:. Other Pure Land Buddhist practices, such as the nembutsu odori or "dancing nembutsu" as practiced by the followers of
686:
for the next six years. Hōnen (1133–1212) another ex-Tendai monk, left the tradition in 1175 to found his own sect, the
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Popular Buddhism In Japan: Shin Buddhist Religion & Culture by Esben Andreasen / University of Hawaii Press 1998,
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All ten schools of Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism commemorated the 750th memorial of their founder, Shinran, in 2011 in Kyoto.
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along with his own commentaries and the writings of the Jodo Shinshu Patriarchs Shinran drew inspiration from.
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such as the Bukko-ji and Kosho-ji, in Kyoto. Early Shin Buddhism did not truly flourish until the time of
169:
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1952:
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1621:
440:
109:
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657:
312:
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1940:
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1156:
For centuries, the text was almost unknown to the majority of Shin Buddhists. In the 15th century,
4879:
1970:
1928:
786:, came to Kyoto with Shinran, and cared for him in his final years and his mausoleum later became
744:, the daughter of an Echigo aristocrat. Shinran and Eshinni had several children. His eldest son,
5080:
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1982:
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is a 13th-century book of recorded sayings attributed to Shinran, transcribed with commentary by
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39:
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2410:
Tannishō: Passages Deploring Deviations of Faith and Rennyo Shōnin Ofumi: The Letters of Rennyo
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In Jodo Shinshu temples, the seven masters are usually collectively enshrined on the far left.
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1168:(1863–1903) revitalized interest in the Tannishō, which indirectly helped to bring about the
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in Kyoto and formalized many of the Jōdo Shinshū traditions which are still followed today.
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2013:
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1296:. Shinran quoted the writings and commentaries of the Patriarchs in his major work, the
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4778:
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and modernization, Jōdo Shinshū managed to survive intact due to the devotion of its
838:
During the time of Shinran, followers would gather in informal meeting houses called
761:
675:
641:
415:
292:
139:
5040:
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819:
the political power of Honganji led to several conflicts between it and the warlord
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1833:
1791:
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Popularized Pure Land practices for the common people, with emphasis on salvation.
1252:
1216:
1102:
For Jōdo Shinshū practitioners, shinjin develops over time through "deep hearing" (
946:
927:
923:
881:
820:
619:
490:
470:
362:
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2408:
Bandō, Shojun; Stewart, Harold; Rogers, Ann T. and Minor L.; trans. (1996) :
1744:
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2580:
National website, includes links and addresses of Shin temples throughout Canada.
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about through the renunciation of self-effort in attaining enlightenment through
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933:
In contemporary times, Jōdo Shinshū is one of the most widely followed forms of
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385:
357:
217:
197:
164:
159:
89:
5265:
3199:
2361:
2042:
1396:
Expanded on Nagarjuna's Pure Land teachings, commentaries on Pure Land sutras.
27:
School of Pure Land Buddhism; most widely practiced branch of Buddhism in Japan
5000:
4958:
4834:
4640:
4565:
4179:
4163:
4125:
4105:
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4000:
3975:
3883:
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3229:
3134:
3084:
3016:
2742:
2732:
2705:
1358:
1011:
877:
702:
653:
648:, but given the times, many aristocratic families were sending sons off to be
435:
3314:
2571:
2431:
Social Behavior and Religious Consciousness among Shin Buddhist Practitioners
2340:
2134:
Zen at War (2nd ed.) by Brian Daizen Victoria / Rowman and Littlefield 2006,
144:
17:
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4948:
4115:
3990:
3702:
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2908:
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2018:
1817:
1328:
1292:
1041:
1037:
787:
485:
30:
4748:
3584:
3438:
3204:
2986:
2855:
2847:
1305:
The Seven Patriarchs, in chronological order, and their contributions are:
1121:
are not separate. Once the practitioner's mind is united with Amitābha and
475:
257:
207:
3510:
2472:, 2nd ed., Berkeley, Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research.
2452:
873:
would meet in mountain caves to perform chanting and traditional rituals.
5105:
5060:
5005:
4970:
4874:
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4100:
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2948:
2645:
2565:
1603:
1581:
1521:
1401:
1209:
1071:
994:
Due to his awareness of human limitations, Shinran advocated reliance on
718:
683:
465:
455:
277:
262:
232:
212:
202:
154:
1486:
Stressed the importance of verbal recitation of Amitabha Buddha's name.
674:("practice-hall monk") at Mount Hiei and undertook a 100-day retreat at
5010:
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1713:
The following holidays are typically observed in Jōdo Shinshū temples:
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1461:
1431:
1118:
1075:
847:
741:
698:
667:
649:
615:
592:
410:
242:
237:
222:
124:
35:
5090:
5075:
4911:
4773:
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4528:
4190:
4070:
4060:
3995:
3623:
3579:
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3524:
3505:
3448:
3331:
3099:
2971:
2715:
2710:
2566:
Homepage for Jodo Shinshu Hongwanji-ha Hongwanji International Center
1228:
1180:
Earlier schools of Buddhism that came to Japan, including Tendai and
1157:
1023:
987:
937:, although like other schools, it faces challenges from many popular
812:
745:
694:
661:
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2537:
Kindai Bukkyō no naka no Shinshū: Chikazumi Jōkan to kyūdōshatachi
1807:
1757:
1281:
981:
855:
832:
797:
766:
645:
627:
445:
322:
282:
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104:
94:
47:
29:
2412:, Berkeley: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research.
2248:
5100:
3893:
3559:
3056:
2043:"The Essentials of Jodo Shinshu from the Nishi Honganji website"
1189:
287:
2612:
678:
in Kyoto, where he had a dream on the 95th day. In this dream,
4758:
3294:
2484:
The Prince and the Monk: Shotoku Worship in Shinran's Buddhism
2207:
The Prince and the Monk: Shotoku Worship in Shinran's Buddhism
1353:
First one to advocate the Pure Land as a valid Buddhist path.
1205:
1204:. On the other hand, newer Buddhist schools in Japan, such as
823:, culminating in a ten-year conflict over the location of the
968:
Shinran's thought was strongly influenced by the doctrine of
2596:
2583:
2063:
Mourning the Unborn Dead: A Buddhist Ritual Comes to America
1704:
Teaching (Kayakabe-kyō) - An esoteric branch of Jōdo Shinshū
1286:
Jodo Shinshu Buddhist altar with the Seven Masters enshrined
2593:
The collected works of Shinran, including the Kyōgōshinshō.
1307:
2486:. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
2433:, Japanese Journal of Religious Siudies, 37 (2), 335-366
2209:. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
1130:, that he may work towards the salvation of all beings.
2533:
Kindai Bukkyō to seinen: Chikazumi Jōkan to sono jidai
2509:"You Were Born For A Reason: The Real Purpose of Life,
1103:
930:. It subsequently apologized for its wartime actions.
598:
Shin Buddhism is the most widely practiced branch of
2184:, Takatsuki, Japan. See Question 1: What is shinjin?
5201:
5116:
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4729:
4631:
4514:
4211:
4139:
3966:
3839:
3779:
3414:
3280:
3220:
3065:
2957:
2887:
2741:
2686:
2426:, Pacific World Journal, New Series Number 5, 33-39
2230:. Bloomington, Illinois: Indiana University Press.
2125:, Asian Folklore Studies Vol. 35, No. 1 , pp. 7-16
2443:Bloomington, Illinois: Indiana University Press.
2560:Jodo Shinshu Buddhism, Dharma for the Modern Age
712:In 1207, Hōnen's critics at Kōfuku-ji persuaded
2468:Inagaki Hisao, trans., Stewart, Harold (2003).
802:The main hall of Itokuji Temple, Niigata, Japan
568:
2441:Jodo Shinshu: Shin Buddhism in Medieval Japan.
2073:
2071:
1534:
1504:
1474:
1444:
1414:
1384:
1371:
1341:
876:Following the unification of Japan during the
562:
2624:
2228:Jodo Shinshu: Shin Buddhism in Medieval Japan
538:
8:
3406:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
2277:Watts, Jonathan; Tomatsu, Yoshiharu (2005).
2065:(Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 21, 34.
908:and the subsequent persecution of Buddhism (
570:"The True Essence of the Pure Land Teaching"
38:, the founder of the Jōdo Shinshū school of
2160:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 76.
2631:
2617:
2609:
2605:Reflections on the Hymns of Shinran Shonin
2382:"Calendar of Observances, Nishi Hongwanji"
1799:around August 15, based on solar calendar
729:"Stubble-headed One" instead and moved to
640:. Shinran's family had a high rank at the
545:
531:
57:
2531:Galen Amstutz, Review of Fumiaki, Iwata,
693:During this period, Hōnen taught the new
1715:
806:Following Shinran's death, the lay Shin
725:, by the authorities but called himself
4593:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
2578:Jodo Shinshu Buddhist Temples of Canada
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2034:
1241:Jodo Shinshu Buddhist Temples of Canada
634:was stripped of political power by the
65:
4796:List of Buddhist architecture in China
2521:S. Yamabe and L. Adams Beck (trans.):
50:. The painting has been designated as
2337:"Buddhas, bodhisattvas, and teachers"
914:) of the late 1800s due to a revived
7:
5297:Schools of Buddhism founded in Japan
2312:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
884:, which was legally required by the
2196:, Jodo Shinshu Hongwanji-ha, p. 112
1074:, the Pure Land is synonymous with
626:(1185–1333), a time of turmoil for
4583:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2554:List of Jodo Shinshu Organisations
2182:”Questions and Answers on Shinjin"
1270:(1895–1945), Jōdo Shinshū built a
1148:, a disciple of Shinran. The word
888:in order to prevent the spread of
618:(1173–1263) lived during the late
25:
2523:Buddhist Psalms of Shinran Shonin
1233:Honpa Hongwanji Mission of Hawaii
1117:and understands that samsara and
5264:
5254:
5253:
4811:Thai temple art and architecture
4556:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
2796:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
2662:
2649:
2639:
2253:Three Wheels Shin Buddhist House
1065:("self-power"), rather than the
73:
2663:
2511:" Ichimannendo Publishing Inc;
1184:, gained acceptance because of
831:, the main temple Hongan-ji in
4801:Japanese Buddhist architecture
4603:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
3683:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
2874:Places where the Buddha stayed
2584:Institute of Buddhist Studies:
2507:Takamori/Ito/Akehashi (2006).
2315:. Princeton University Press.
772:Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra
1:
4816:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
2279:Traversing the Pure Land Path
2238:. See especially pp. 142-143.
1749:November 28, or January 9–16
1572:Jōdo Shinshū Higashi Honganji
1164:is the earliest extant copy.
656:, where he was ordained as a
519:Glossary of Japanese Buddhism
4573:Buddhism and the Roman world
4549:Decline of Buddhism in India
4544:History of Buddhism in India
2644: Topics in
2586:Seminary and Graduate School
2572:Buddhist Churches of America
2525:, John Murray, London 1921.
2424:Introduction to Jodo Shinshu
2121:Moriarty, Elisabeth (1976).
1741:Memorial Service for Shinran
1302:, to bolster his teachings.
1249:Japanese-Canadian internment
1237:Buddhist Churches of America
1053:non-retrogression along the
949:as well as from the growing
3771:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
3511:
1923:William Montgomery McGovern
1104:
569:
5318:
4721:The unanswerable questions
2589:Jodo Shinshu Honganji-ha.
2562:A basic portal with links.
2470:The Three Pure Land Sutras
2226:Dobbins, James C. (1989).
2205:Lee, Kenneth Doo. (2007).
2194:Collected Works of Shinran
1188:practices. For example, a
1021:
945:, which emerged following
52:National Treasure of Japan
5249:
4806:Buddhist temples in Korea
3369:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3272:Three planes of existence
2879:Buddha in world religions
2658:
2482:Lee, Kenneth Doo (2007).
1845:Major modern Shin figures
1535:
1505:
1475:
1445:
1415:
1385:
1372:
1342:
794:Revival and formalization
563:
4588:Persecution of Buddhists
3809:Four stages of awakening
3190:Three marks of existence
2776:Physical characteristics
2603:The Way of Jodo Shinshu:
2599:Journal of Shin Buddhism
2157:Deep Religious Pluralism
3951:Ten principal disciples
2834:(aunt, adoptive mother)
2362:"The Pure Land Lineage"
1010:) made manifest in his
581:True Pure Land Buddhism
4661:Buddhism and democracy
4174:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4169:Chinese Buddhist canon
3401:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
3396:Early Buddhist schools
2422:Bloom, Alfred (1989).
2180:Hisao Inagaki (2008).
1830:New Year's Eve Service
1730:New Year's Day Service
1562:Jōdo Shinshū Hongwanji
1287:
939:Japanese new religions
803:
587:founded by the former
170:Japanese new religions
55:
4671:Eight Consciousnesses
2781:Life of Buddha in art
1610:Shinshū Kita Honganji
1285:
1268:Japanese colonial era
957:of Japanese society.
890:Christianity in Japan
801:
33:
5148:East Asian religions
4578:Buddhism in the West
4149:Early Buddhist texts
3764:Four Right Exertions
3230:Ten spiritual realms
2723:Noble Eightfold Path
1953:Kenryu Takashi Tsuji
1911:Zuiken Saizo Inagaki
1274:in downtown Taipei.
782:Shinran's daughter,
5271:Religion portal
5018:Temple of the Tooth
4897:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3936:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
3429:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
3212:Two truths doctrine
3032:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2832:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2535:and Ōmi Toshihiro,
2429:Dessi, Ugo (2010),
1780:Birthday of Shinran
1261:Three Wheels Temple
1176:In Japanese culture
975:a largely Mahayana
701:and the temples of
670:left his role as a
61:Part of a series on
5302:Pure Land Buddhism
5193:Western philosophy
4791:Dzong architecture
4613:Vipassana movement
4608:Buddhist modernism
4036:Emperor Wen of Sui
3804:Pratyekabuddhayāna
3737:Threefold Training
3539:Vipassana movement
3255:Hungry Ghost realm
3075:Avidyā (Ignorance)
3022:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
2771:Great Renunciation
2766:Eight Great Events
2648:
2281:. Jodo Shu Press.
2152:Griffin, David Ray
2079:"JODO SHU English"
1965:Zuio Hisao Inagaki
1320:Country of Origin
1288:
1002:(他力)—the power of
899:Ryukoku University
886:Tokugawa shogunate
825:Ishiyama Hongan-ji
804:
735:Niigata Prefecture
585:Pure Land Buddhism
56:
40:Pure Land Buddhism
5279:
5278:
4917:Om mani padme hum
4623:Women in Buddhism
4539:Buddhist councils
4409:Western countries
4197:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
3958:Shaolin Monastery
3535:Samatha-vipassanā
3145:Pratītyasamutpāda
2949:Metteyya/Maitreya
2867:
2859:
2851:
2843:
2835:
2827:
2819:
2696:Four Noble Truths
2463:978-0-9997118-2-8
2437:Dobbins, James C.
2343:on August 2, 2013
2322:978-0-691-15786-3
2167:978-0-664-22914-6
1995:Kenneth K. Tanaka
1842:
1841:
1768:Buddha's Birthday
1576:Higashi Hongan-ji
1550:
1549:
1245:Japanese American
1202:Nichiren Buddhism
935:Buddhism in Japan
906:Meiji Restoration
611:Shinran (founder)
600:Buddhism in Japan
583:, is a school of
555:
554:
67:Buddhism in Japan
16:(Redirected from
5309:
5269:
5268:
5257:
5256:
5096:Sacred languages
4944:Maya Devi Temple
4907:Mahabodhi Temple
4711:Secular Buddhism
4676:Engaged Buddhism
3516:
3364:Tibetan Buddhism
3315:Vietnamese Thiền
2914:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
2865:
2857:
2849:
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2665:
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2643:
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2626:
2619:
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2517:9780-9790-471-07
2397:
2396:
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2393:
2384:. Archived from
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2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2339:. Archived from
2333:
2327:
2326:
2307:Lopez, Donald S.
2299:
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2039:
2024:Kenryo Kanamatsu
1812:September 20–26
1804:Autumnal Equinox
1716:
1682:Shinshū Sanmonto
1566:Nishi Hongwan-ji
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1363:ca. 4th century
1347:
1345:
1344:
1308:
1266:During Taiwan's
1182:Shingon Buddhism
1107:
1031:Namu Amida Butsu
911:haibutsu kishaku
852:Shingon Buddhism
575:, also known as
574:
572:
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501:Haibutsu kishaku
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4764:Ordination hall
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4598:Buddhist crisis
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4207:
4159:Mahayana sutras
4135:
4131:Thích Nhất Hạnh
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3835:
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3725:Bodhisattva vow
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3175:Taṇhā (Craving)
3110:Five hindrances
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2014:Ohigashi schism
2010:
1881:Eikichi Ikeyama
1875:Jokan Chikazumi
1869:Kiyozawa Manshi
1847:
1711:
1672:Shinshū Jōshōji
1652:Shinshū Izumoji
1622:Shinshū Bukkōji
1558:
1556:Branch lineages
1532:
1502:
1472:
1442:
1412:
1382:
1369:
1339:
1280:
1278:Shin patriarchs
1225:
1178:
1170:Ohigashi schism
1166:Kiyozawa Manshi
1136:
1084:
1050:
1026:
1020:
966:
870:kakure nenbutsu
846:popularized by
844:Mantra of Light
829:Tokugawa Ieyasu
796:
731:Echigo Province
723:Yoshizane Fujii
714:Emperor Toba II
624:Kamakura period
613:
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560:
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511:
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496:Shinbutsu bunri
421:Shinbutsu-shūgō
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348:Murakami Senshō
328:Hasegawa Tōhaku
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4828:Greco-Buddhist
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4779:Burmese pagoda
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4203:Abhidharmadīpa
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4121:B. R. Ambedkar
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4041:Songtsen Gampo
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3720:Eight precepts
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3491:Five Strengths
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3130:Mental factors
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2548:External links
2546:
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2539:, in H-Japan,
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2492:978-0791470220
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3968:Major figures
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3715:Five precepts
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3693:Dhamma vicaya
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3461:Buddhābhiṣeka
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3105:Enlightenment
3103:
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3095:Dhamma theory
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3090:Buddha-nature
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2591:Shinran Works
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2541:H-Net Reviews
2538:
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2503:0-914910-28-0
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2478:1-886439-18-4
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2001:Marvin Harada
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1989:Dennis Hirota
1987:
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1977:Taitetsu Unno
1975:
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1941:Shuichi Maida
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1935:Gyomay Kubose
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1632:Shinshū Kōshō
1630:
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1614:Kitahongan-ji
1611:
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1582:Shinshū Ōtani
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1323:Contribution
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1299:Kyogyoshinsho
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1223:Outside Japan
1222:
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1207:
1203:
1197:
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1187:
1186:honji suijaku
1183:
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1163:
1159:
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1129:
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1123:Buddha-nature
1120:
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1111:
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1100:
1098:
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1090:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1073:
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1048:The Pure Land
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764:
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762:Kyogyoshinsho
758:
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738:
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629:
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621:
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596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:Shin Buddhism
571:
559:
548:
543:
541:
536:
534:
529:
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520:
517:
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515:
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506:Gozan Bungaku
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416:Honji suijaku
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293:Issan Ichinei
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175:Zen in the US
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49:
45:
42:, located at
41:
37:
32:
19:
18:Shin Buddhism
5292:Jōdo Shinshū
5211:Bodhisattvas
5131:Christianity
5126:Baháʼí Faith
4991:Dharmachakra
4981:Prayer wheel
4971:Prayer beads
4739:Architecture
4618:969 Movement
4402:Saudi Arabia
4380:Central Asia
4373:South Africa
4195:
4178:
4111:Panchen Lama
4016:Buddhapālita
3612:Satipatthana
3607:Mindful Yoga
3520:Recollection
3434:Brahmavihara
3305:Japanese Zen
3300:Chinese Chan
3260:Animal realm
3067:Key concepts
2889:Bodhisattvas
2701:Three Jewels
2536:
2532:
2508:
2483:
2440:
2390:. Retrieved
2386:the original
2376:
2365:. Retrieved
2356:
2345:. Retrieved
2341:the original
2331:
2311:
2297:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2256:. Retrieved
2252:
2249:"Front page"
2243:
2227:
2222:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2189:
2176:
2156:
2146:
2130:
2117:
2083:. Retrieved
2062:
2057:
2046:. Retrieved
2037:
1971:Shojun Bando
1959:Alfred Bloom
1929:Rijin Yasuda
1905:Kaneko Daiei
1838:December 31
1792:Bon Festival
1762:March 17–23
1712:
1642:Shinshū Kibe
1551:
1529:
1499:
1469:
1439:
1409:
1379:
1366:
1336:
1304:
1297:
1291:
1289:
1265:
1253:World War II
1226:
1219:activities.
1217:merit-making
1214:
1198:
1194:
1179:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1139:
1137:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1095:arises from
1092:
1088:
1085:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1051:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1007:
999:
995:
993:
986:
969:
967:
959:
947:World War II
942:
932:
928:State Shinto
924:World War II
919:
909:
903:
893:
882:Danka system
875:
868:
864:
861:
839:
837:
821:Oda Nobunaga
807:
805:
781:
777:
770:
760:
757:Kantō region
754:
749:
739:
726:
722:
711:
692:
671:
666:
635:
614:
597:
580:
576:
558:Jōdo Shinshū
557:
556:
491:Danka system
401:Architecture
363:D. T. Suzuki
303:Sen no Rikyū
135:Jōdo Shinshū
134:
34:Portrait of
5056:Dharma talk
4885:Asalha Puja
4681:Eschatology
4484:Switzerland
4464:New Zealand
4392:Middle East
4301:Philippines
4221:Afghanistan
4026:Bodhidharma
4011:Buddhaghosa
3931:Householder
3841:Monasticism
3794:Bodhisattva
3649:Prostration
3602:Mindfulness
3530:Anapanasati
3513:Kammaṭṭhāna
3310:Korean Seon
3250:Asura realm
3245:Human realm
3185:Ten Fetters
3140:Parinirvana
3042:Uppalavanna
3007:Mahākaccana
2992:Mahākassapa
2924:Kṣitigarbha
2919:Ākāśagarbha
2816:Suddhodāna
2761:Four sights
2688:Foundations
2543:July, 2017.
1983:Eiken Kobai
1979:(1935–2014)
1973:(1932–2004)
1961:(1926–2017)
1955:(1919-2004)
1949:(1916–1995)
1943:(1906–1967)
1937:(1905–2000)
1931:(1900–1982)
1925:(1897–1964)
1919:(1887–1928)
1917:Takeko Kujo
1913:(1885–1981)
1907:(1881–1976)
1901:(1877–1954)
1895:(1876–1948)
1893:Otani Kozui
1889:(1875–1971)
1887:Soga Ryojin
1883:(1873–1938)
1877:(1870–1941)
1871:(1863–1903)
1865:(1852–1883)
1859:(1850-1932)
1853:(1848–1927)
1851:Nanjo Bunyu
1825:December 8
1772:Hanamatsuri
1646:Kinshoku-ji
1406:476–542(?)
1128:Bodhisattva
1055:bodhisattva
1000:other power
977:eschatology
955:materialism
916:nationalism
894:danka seido
779:to recite.
386:Nihon Shoki
343:Inoue Enryō
318:Takuan Sōhō
313:Sesshū Tōyō
298:Musō Soseki
228:En no Gyōja
198:Tori Busshi
187:Key figures
5286:Categories
5173:Psychology
5153:Gnosticism
5141:Comparison
5136:Influences
5118:Comparison
5001:Bhavacakra
4959:Kushinagar
4934:Pilgrimage
4880:Māgha Pūjā
4835:Bodhi Tree
4651:Buddhology
4641:Abhidharma
4633:Philosophy
4566:Menander I
4434:Costa Rica
4385:Uzbekistan
4226:Bangladesh
4180:Dhammapada
4164:Pali Canon
4126:Ajahn Chah
4106:Dalai Lama
4006:Kumārajīva
4001:Vasubandhu
3976:The Buddha
3884:Zen master
3819:Sakadagami
3799:Buddhahood
3730:Pratimokṣa
3545:Shikantaza
3501:Meditation
3476:Deity yoga
3347:Madhyamaka
3240:Deva realm
3135:Mindstream
3085:Bodhicitta
2997:Aṅgulimāla
2864:Devadatta
2840:Yaśodharā
2743:The Buddha
2733:Middle Way
2556:with Links
2403:Literature
2392:2015-05-29
2367:2015-05-26
2347:2015-05-26
2288:488363342X
2085:2013-09-27
2081:. Jodo.org
2048:2016-02-25
2030:References
1786:May 20–21
1736:January 1
1526:1133–1212
1359:Vasubandhu
1259:, such as
1012:Primal Vow
1006:(Japanese
943:shinshūkyō
878:Edo period
784:Kakushinni
703:Enryaku-ji
676:Rokkaku-dō
654:Mount Hiei
441:Zen garden
436:Death poem
380:Key topics
358:Shaku Sōen
5241:Festivals
5221:Buddhists
5183:Theosophy
4986:Symbolism
4976:Hama yumi
4949:Bodh Gaya
4716:Socialism
4691:Evolution
4666:Economics
4504:Venezuela
4419:Australia
4414:Argentina
4338:Sri Lanka
4333:Singapore
4251:Indonesia
4213:Countries
4154:Tripiṭaka
4116:Ajahn Mun
3991:Nagarjuna
3986:Aśvaghoṣa
3869:Anagārika
3864:Śrāmaṇerī
3859:Śrāmaṇera
3854:Bhikkhunī
3814:Sotāpanna
3703:Passaddhi
3644:Offerings
3619:Nekkhamma
3496:Iddhipada
3416:Practices
3386:Theravada
3359:Vajrayana
3352:Yogachara
3322:Pure Land
3235:Six Paths
3222:Cosmology
3002:Anuruddha
2977:Sāriputta
2967:Kaundinya
2959:Disciples
2934:Vajrapāṇi
2786:Footprint
2751:Tathāgata
2568:- English
2019:Hongan-ji
1818:Bodhi Day
1696:Kitami-ji
1594:Chōsei-ji
1496:942–1017
1329:Nagarjuna
1293:Shoshinge
1172:of 1962.
1042:Sukhavati
1038:pure land
922:. During
788:Hongan-ji
707:Kōfuku-ji
658:śrāmaṇera
630:when the
622:to early
486:Senjafuda
461:Ikkō-ikki
5259:Category
5188:Violence
5158:Hinduism
5106:Sanskrit
5061:Hinayana
5046:Amitābha
5006:Swastika
4875:Uposatha
4865:Holidays
4850:Calendar
4696:Humanism
4534:Kanishka
4524:Timeline
4348:Thailand
4316:Kalmykia
4311:Buryatia
4296:Pakistan
4281:Mongolia
4276:Maldives
4271:Malaysia
4236:Cambodia
4101:Shamarpa
4096:Nichiren
4046:Xuanzang
3981:Nagasena
3899:Rinpoche
3629:Pāramitā
3471:Devotion
3391:Navayana
3379:Dzogchen
3342:Nichiren
3290:Mahayana
3282:Branches
3160:Saṅkhāra
2909:Mañjuśrī
2866:(cousin)
2858:(cousin)
2826:(mother)
2818:(father)
2806:Miracles
2756:Birthday
2673:Glossary
2646:Buddhism
2439:(1989).
2309:(2013).
2154:(2005).
2008:See also
1796:Urabon'e
1775:April 8
1733:Gantan'e
1719:Holiday
1702:Kayakabe
1694:School (
1686:Senjō-ji
1684:School (
1676:Jōshō-ji
1674:School (
1666:Jōshō-ji
1664:School (
1656:Izumo-ji
1654:School (
1644:School (
1636:Kōshō-ji
1634:School (
1626:Bukkō-ji
1624:School (
1612:School (
1604:Senju-ji
1602:School (
1592:School (
1574:School (
1564:School (
1466:613–681
1436:562–645
1402:Tan-luan
1333:150–250
1239:and the
1162:Tannishō
1150:Tannishō
1146:Yuien-bo
1141:Tannishō
1134:Tannishō
1072:Tan-luan
1018:Nembutsu
1004:Amitābha
964:Doctrine
769:and the
719:lay name
695:nembutsu
688:Jōdo-shū
466:Butsudan
431:Nenbutsu
278:Nichiren
165:Shugendo
160:Fuke-shū
150:Nichiren
130:Jōdo-shū
5236:Temples
5216:Buddhas
5178:Science
5168:Judaism
5163:Jainism
5081:Lineage
5041:Abhijñā
5011:Thangka
4954:Sarnath
4939:Lumbini
4860:Funeral
4855:Cuisine
4731:Culture
4706:Reality
4656:Creator
4646:Atomism
4516:History
4489:Ukraine
4449:Germany
4368:Senegal
4358:Vietnam
4286:Myanmar
4086:Shinran
4076:Karmapa
4051:Shandao
4021:Dignāga
3946:Śrāvaka
3926:Donchee
3921:Kappiya
3879:Sayadaw
3849:Bhikkhu
3824:Anāgāmi
3781:Nirvana
3747:Samadhi
3634:Paritta
3575:Tonglen
3570:Mandala
3525:Smarana
3506:Mantras
3454:Upekkha
3424:Bhavana
3374:Shingon
3327:Tiantai
3180:Tathātā
3170:Śūnyatā
3165:Skandha
3155:Saṃsāra
3150:Rebirth
3125:Kleshas
3115:Indriya
3017:Subhūti
2902:Guanyin
2856:Ānanda
2848:Rāhula
2728:Nirvana
2668:Outline
2265:Samgha.
1822:Rohatsu
1783:Gotan'e
1500:Genshin
1492:Genshin
1462:Shandao
1440:Dōshaku
1432:Daochuo
1251:during
1119:nirvana
1115:śūnyatā
1093:Shinjin
1082:Shinjin
1076:nirvana
865:onaijin
742:Eshinni
733:(today
668:Shinran
660:in the
637:shōguns
632:emperor
616:Shinran
606:History
593:Shinran
451:Daimoku
411:Hongaku
406:Temples
396:Deities
333:Sakuden
243:Shinran
193:Shōtoku
125:Shingon
90:Jōjitsu
84:Schools
36:Shinran
5231:Sutras
5226:Suttas
5091:Siddhi
5076:Koliya
5051:Brahmā
4966:Poetry
4912:Mantra
4902:Kasaya
4774:Pagoda
4754:Kyaung
4749:Vihāra
4744:Temple
4686:Ethics
4529:Ashoka
4479:Sweden
4474:Poland
4469:Norway
4459:Mexico
4444:France
4429:Canada
4424:Brazil
4363:Africa
4343:Taiwan
4306:Russia
4231:Bhutan
4191:Vinaya
4071:Naropa
4061:Saraha
3996:Asanga
3752:Prajñā
3661:Refuge
3624:Nianfo
3585:Tertön
3580:Tantra
3565:Ganana
3555:Tukdam
3481:Dhyāna
3449:Mudita
3444:Karuṇā
3337:Risshū
3332:Huayan
3265:Naraka
3205:Anattā
3200:Dukkha
3195:Anicca
3100:Dharma
3052:Channa
2987:Ānanda
2972:Assaji
2939:Skanda
2842:(wife)
2811:Family
2791:Relics
2716:Sangha
2711:Dharma
2706:Buddha
2527:e-book
2515:
2501:
2490:
2476:
2461:
2447:
2416:
2319:
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2164:
2138:
2109:
1745:Hōonkō
1584:School
1543:Japan
1513:Japan
1483:China
1453:China
1423:China
1410:Donran
1393:India
1380:Seshin
1367:Tenjin
1350:India
1314:Dates
1235:, the
1229:Brazil
1158:Rennyo
1089:tariki
1067:tariki
1063:jiriki
1057:path.
1024:Nianfo
996:tariki
988:jiriki
892:. The
813:Rennyo
767:sutras
746:Zenran
727:Gutoku
662:Tendai
589:Tendai
481:Kanjin
476:Kaichō
426:Gongen
338:Tenkai
308:Rennyo
258:Ninshō
208:Saichō
140:Rinzai
120:Tendai
100:Sanron
5203:Lists
5071:Kalpa
5066:Iddhi
4929:Music
4924:Mudra
4890:Vassa
4870:Vesak
4840:Budai
4786:Candi
4769:Stupa
4701:Logic
4454:Italy
4353:Tibet
4291:Nepal
4261:Korea
4256:Japan
4246:India
4241:China
4186:Sutra
4141:Texts
4091:Dōgen
4081:Hōnen
4066:Atiśa
4031:Zhiyi
3941:Achar
3909:Tulku
3904:Geshe
3889:Rōshi
3874:Ajahn
3829:Arhat
3789:Bodhi
3759:Vīrya
3676:Sacca
3671:Satya
3666:Sādhu
3654:Music
3597:Merit
3590:Terma
3550:Zazen
3486:Faith
3439:Mettā
3120:Karma
3080:Bardo
3047:Asita
3037:Khema
3027:Upāli
3012:Nanda
2850:(son)
2824:Māyā
2801:Films
2678:Index
2258:2 May
1834:Joyae
1808:Higan
1758:Higan
1725:Date
1530:Hōnen
1522:Hōnen
1470:Zendō
1337:Ryūju
1311:Name
1210:Ikkyū
1110:Jinen
1105:monpo
1097:jinen
1008:Amida
998:, or
982:China
971:Mappō
941:, or
920:monto
856:Ippen
833:Kyoto
808:monto
750:monto
684:Hōnen
646:Kyoto
628:Japan
620:Heian
456:Sōhei
446:Zazen
323:Ingen
283:Unkei
273:Ingen
268:Eisai
263:Dōgen
253:Eison
248:Jōkei
233:Hōnen
218:Jōchō
213:Kūkai
203:Rōben
155:Ōbaku
115:Kusha
110:Ritsu
105:Kegon
95:Hosso
48:Kyoto
5101:Pāḷi
5086:Māra
4996:Flag
4397:Iran
4321:Tuva
4266:Laos
3894:Lama
3742:Śīla
3710:Śīla
3698:Pīti
3688:Sati
3639:Puja
3560:Koan
3466:Dāna
3057:Yasa
2944:Tārā
2513:ISBN
2499:ISBN
2488:ISBN
2474:ISBN
2459:ISBN
2445:ISBN
2414:ISBN
2317:ISBN
2283:ISBN
2260:2015
2232:ISBN
2211:ISBN
2162:ISBN
2136:ISBN
2107:ISBN
1247:and
1190:kami
1138:The
953:and
850:and
848:Myōe
840:dojo
705:and
699:Myōe
672:dosō
564:浄土真宗
471:Obon
288:Enni
238:Myōe
223:Kūya
145:Sōtō
4823:Art
4759:Wat
3295:Zen
1378:or
1263:.
1206:Zen
1040:of
737:).
644:in
595:.
579:or
391:Art
5288::
4325:ru
2465:).
2451:;
2305:;
2262:.
2251:.
2094:^
2070:^
1606:)
1578:)
1536:法然
1506:源信
1476:善導
1446:道綽
1416:曇鸞
1386:世親
1373:天親
1343:龍樹
1212:.
1091:.
1078:.
721:,
602:.
567:,
46:,
4327:)
4323:(
3541:)
3537:(
2632:e
2625:t
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546:e
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