Shopi - Knowledge

2030: 1979: 7174:

and it contained all the components of today Shopska except the cheese. In the following years, there were undergoing series of modifications to the recipe - in 1970 in the book "Recipe for cooking and confectionery" were given four options for Shopska salad - with onion and cheese; without onion and cheese; with roasted peppers and cheese; not sweet, but with chili pepper and cheese. In the early 1970s, roasted peppers and grated cheese were imposed as a mandatory component. Initially, the salad was served only in restaurants of "Balkanturist" and later it became popular in the home kitchens in the country. It became a national culinary symbol in Bulgaria during the 1970s and 1980s

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Moldovan language separate from the Romanian (King 1999). Low German (Plattdeutsch), spoken in northern Germany, is incomprehensible to the speakers of Allemanian German (Allemanisch), which is used in western Austria and southwestern Bavaria. But both are considered to be dialects of the same German language. Low German is virtually identical with Dutch, but the different national identities of the speakers keep them either from proclaiming Low German a dialect of Dutch, or Dutch a dialect of German, or from creating a common Dutch-Low German language.

5094: 1967: 71: 2021: 6382:. ("Србија, земља и становништво од римског доба до краја XIX века", Друга књига, Београд 1986, p. 215)...And today (in the end of 19th century) among the older generation there are many fondness to Bulgarians, that it led him to collision with Serbian government. Some hesitation can be noticed among the youngs..." ("Србија, земља и становништво од римског доба до краја XIX века", Друга књига, Београд 1986, c. 218; Serbia - its land and inhabitants, Belgrade 1986, p. 218) 4986: 482: 2012: 6475:

Bulgaria by the political frontier established at the Congress of Berlin in 1878, maintains itself in its fundamental characteristics, as far as the line joining up Bregovo, Koula, Belogratchik, and Iskretz, and proceeding thence towards Radomir and to the east of Kustendil; to the east of that limit the Serb population, blended with the Bulgar element, reaches the banks of the Isker and the line which links it to Ihtiman.

5216: 1955: 1757: 2575:, where he divided the Shopluk into three groups: Serbs, mixed population, and a group closer to Bulgarians. However, given that his two earlier maps of 1909 and 1913 established the boundary between Bulgarians and Serbs along the state border, his claim has been regarded as little more than a political manoeuvre to justify Serbian territorial claims against Bulgaria. 6378:, (Das Konigreich Serbien und das Serbenvolk von der Romerzeit bis dur Gegenwart, 1904, in two volumes) # "In this time (1872) they (the inhabitants of Pirot) did not presume that six years later the often damn Turkish rule in their town will be finished, and at least they did not presume that they will be include in Serbia, because 995: 5285:

Spanish and other languages, but had the same result. Aggravated, the traveler started going in one direction that happened to be wrong. The second Shopi, observing this scene, lamented to his buddy “Ah, this guy knows so many languages and you knew none of them.” The first Shopi said “And what good did it do him?”.

5618:

and distinct sub-group within the relative homogeneity of Bulgaria at large. Being Shop continues to imply conservatism, despite proximity to Sofia. Our concern is with the ethnography of communication in these two village communities. Both experience considerable influences of urbanization, from students and ...

7173:

That Salad was created by professional chefs from "Balkanturist" in 1956 at the restaurant "Chernomorets" in the then resort "Druzhba", now "Saint Konstantin and Elena" near Varna, Bulgaria. For the first time, the salad recipe appeared in 1956 in a "Book of the hostess" of P. Cholcheva and Al.Ruseva

5617:

The loci of this commentary are two well-studied Bulgarian villages, Dragalevtsy and Bistritsa, on the western flank of Mount Vitosha.3 Geographically they are a mere eight kilometers apart. Ethnically their base populations are similar, identified by other Bulgarians as Shopi. Shopi are a recognized

5546:

Ethnography has long established that every ethnographic group, even every single village, considers its dialect, manners and customs "true" and "pure", while those of the neighbours, of the rest — even when they are "our people" — still are neither as "true", nor as "pure". In the Shopi villages you

5265:

In addition, in other parts of Bulgaria there exists the use of the derisive form "Shopar" for Shop and "Shoparism" for untidy, outdated or primitive circumstances (which show some similarity to the employ of the term "Hillbilly" in the USA). Actually the word "shopar" in Bulgarian means "young boar"

4999:

The Shopi have a very original and characteristic folklore. The traditional male costume of the Shopi is white, while the female costumes are diverse. White male costumes are spread at the western Shopluk. The hats they wear are also white and tall (called gugla). Traditionally Shopi costume from the

5115:

The Shopi — especially those from near Sofia — have the widespread (and arguably unjustified) reputation of stubborn and selfish people. They were considered conservative and resistant to change. There are many proverbs and anecdotes about them, more than about all other regional groups in

6177:

Histoire de la nation Serbe publiée par Demeter Davidovits et traduite en français par Alfred Vigneron: Auch unter dem serbischen Titel: Istorija naroda srbskog isdana od Dimitrija Davidovits predoedena na franzuskii jezyk od Alfred a Vinjerona . Author: Demeter Davidovits, Publisher: Beograd Impr.

2523:

In 1867, Serbia launched a massive campaign to open Serbian schools across the Shopluk and Macedonia, with a special focus on Torlak-speaking areas. Serbia's main competitive advantage was that it offered subsidized teacher salaries, while the Exarchate financed its schools with the membership dues

2080:

Bulgarian scholars classify Shopi as a subgroup of the Bulgarian ethnos. As with every ethnographic group, the Bulgarian Academy notes, the Shopi in Bulgaria consider themselves the true and most pure of the Bulgarians, just as the mountaineers around Turnovo claim their land as true Bulgaria from

5011:

The traditional Shop house that has a fireplace in the centre has only survived in some more remote villages, being displaced by the Middle Bulgarian type. The villages in the plains are larger, while those in the higher areas are somewhat straggling and have traditionally been inhabited by single

2665:

and the codification of a separate Macedonian language in the 1940s, the bipartite division of the Shopluk has become tripartite. Thus, there are now Shopi who identify as Bulgarians, Serbs and Macedonians and who speak dialects identified as Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian, yet still maintain a

5257:

Some Shop shepherds are said to have observed over 40 or 50 years from their meadows on the Vitosha mountain how the capital city - Sofia situated few kilometers downhill grew from 80 000 to 300 000 in the 1930s, how new buildings and parks sprang... but never took interest to go and see the city

2555:

noted that back in 1872 the inhabitants of the city would have never imagined that they would be free of the Turks so soon only to end up under foreign rule again. Having their Bulgarian schools closed and the Bulgarian bishop expelled, a large portion of the Bulgarians in Pirot left the town and

5284:

A traveler came upon two Shopi sitting in the village square. Since he was traveling to Istanbul he asked one of them for directions in English. The Shopi made a clicking sound with his mouth and shook head, I don't understand. The traveler attempted the same question in French, German, Russian,

2152:

studied the Shopi during the 1920s and reported that they were despised by the other inhabitants of Bulgaria for their stupidity and bestiality, and dreaded for their savagery. It is, however, unclear to what extent Macartney's own personal, clearly negative, opinion of the Shopi seeps into this

6579:

Until 1990, the Moldovan language was written in Cyrillic. After adopting the Latin alphabet, Moldovans have virtually the same language as the Romanians. For political reasons, the Moldovan Constitution recognizes Moldovan as the national language of Moldova. This political act alone makes the

6474:

By A. Belitch and T. Georgevitch To the east of the Serbo-Bulgarian frontier, in Western Bulgaria, extends a zone still peopled to-day by a population of Serb origin, presenting a mixed Serbo-Bulgar type, and known under the name of " Chopi " (Shopi). The Serbian ethnographical element left in

2670:

places an equally big, if not bigger, emphasis on self-identification and other social factors as on purely linguistic criteria, groups of people speaking the same or similar dialects can still speak different languages—which is the case along much of the shared borders of the three countries.

2985:

spoken by Serbs are also classified by Bulgarian linguists as part of the Transitional Bulgarian dialect, although Serbian linguists deny this. The speech that tends to be closely associated with that term and to match the stereotypical idea of "Shopski" speech are the South-Western Bulgarian

5253:

The Shopi had a reputation of being good soldiers nevertheless there was a proverb: "A Shop will only fight if he can see the roof of his house from the battlefield", meaning he will only fight if he can see his personal interests in the fight. A proverb that wants to demonstrate the Shopi's

3575:. Example: Shopski моя/мойо маж ме лаже (moja/mojo maž me laže), че одим навонка (če odim navonka) vs standard Bulgarian моят мъж ме лъже, ще ходя навън/ка) (mojǎt mǎž me lǎže, šte hodja navǎn/ka), (my husband is lying to me, I'll be going out). However, this is not typical either for the 3045:'s Bulgarian dialectology (2002, first ed. 1962), and the four volumes of the Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects although other examples are used. It describes linguistic features and references them, where relevant, with the respective features in standard Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian. 5596:

The Upper Mccsian dialect is also called the Shopsko narechie or dialect of the Shopi. Jireček says that these Shopi differ very much in language, dress, and habits from the other Bulgarians, who regard them as simple folk. Their name he connects with the old Thracian tribe of the

6159:

Sofija Božić, Istorija i geografija: susreti i prožimanja: History and geography: meetings and permetions Volume 11 of Зборник радова Институтa за новију историју Србије, Институт за новију историју Србије, Географски институт "Јован Цвијић" САНУ, Институт за славистку Ран, 2014,

2386:

to Europe in 1839, the Balkans attracted a large number of European ethnographers, linguists, and geographers, who wanted to study the population of European Turkey. A total of eleven primary ethnic maps of the Balkans were produced between 1842 and 1877: by Slovak philologist

3951:

The /x/-sound is often omitted. Despite being particularly associated with Shopski, this is actually characteristic of most rural Bulgarian dialects. Example: Shopski леб (leb), одиа (odia) vs standard Bulgarian хляб (hljab), ходиха (hodiha) (bread, they went)

2578:

Then, according to A. Belitch and T. Georgevitch, again in 1919, the Shopi were a mixed Serbo-Bulgarian people in Western Bulgaria of Serbian origin. This Serbian ethnographical group, according to them, inhabited a region east of the border as far as the line

1748:. According to some Shopluk studies dating back to the early 20th century, the name "Shopi" comes from the staff that local people, mostly pastoralists, used as their main tool. Even today in Bulgaria one of the names of a nice wooden stick is "sopa". 5199:

was a lake, surrounded with mountains. The ancient Shopi were fishermen. One day, while fishing with his boat one of them bent over in order to take his net out of the water. But the boat was floating towards the nearby rocks on the slope of the

2997:

People from Eastern Bulgaria also refer to those who live in Sofia as Shopi, but as a result of migration from the whole of Bulgaria, Shopski is no longer a majority dialect in Sofia. Instead, most Sofia residents speak the standard literary

5682:

internally by distinctions of dialect and religion, so that the Orthodox Shopi, peasants dwelling in the hills surrounding Bulgaria's capital of Sofia, are alleged to be descendants of the Pecheneg Turks who invaded the Balkans in the 10th

5238:

This is to show three points: the Shopi are not very smart after all; Vitosha is very high; and, as a serious point, it is common to see Vitosha standing over low clouds shrouding the high plains and valleys of Western Bulgaria; this is a

5176:

Once a Shop went to the city, saw aromatic soaps on a stand and, thinking that they were something to eat, bought a piece. He began to eat it but soon his mouth was filled with foam. He said: "Foam or not, it cost money, I shall eat it."

1962:, and translated into French by Alfred Vigneron, Belgrad 1848.” The map originally appeared in Vienna in 1828 and shows early 19th century Serbian thought on Serbs' ethnic boundaries. The entire Shopluk is depicted as Bulgarian. 2445:

Of interest is also the retroactive study of Bulgaria's population in the 1860s by Russian philologist and dialectologist Afanasiy Selischev, which concluded that the valleys extending from Niš through Pirot and Sofia to the

5261:

In other parts of Bulgaria all locals from Sofia are called, somewhat scornfully, "Shopi", although the majority of the city's population are not descendants of the real vernacular minority but of migrants from other

2493:. The border between Serbs and Bulgarians did not change much in cartographer Constant Desjardins' 1853 map of the distribution of the Serbian language, either. And in 1852, Serbian philologist and language reformer 6400:Българите от Западните покрайнини (1878-1975), Главно управление на архивите, Архивите говорят, т. 35, София 2005, с. 62-64 - А list of immigrants from Pirot in Bulgaria containing 160 names of heads of families. 5719:

They are a singularly repellent race, short-legged, yellow-skinned, with slanting eyes and projecting cheek-bones. Their villages are generally filthy, but the women's costumes show a barbaric profusion of gold

5250:

Another example of the Shopi's stubbornness: Once, in the middle of summer, a Shop wore a very thick coat. When asked if it wasn't too hot, he answered: It's not because of the coat but because of the weather.

5570:

Tchavdar Marinov. In Defense of the Native Tongue: The Standardization of the Macedonian Language and the Bulgarian-Macedonian Linguistic Controversies. in Entangled Histories of the Balkans – Volume One.

6030:

Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui, „Voyage en Bulgarie pendant l'année 1841“ (Жером-Адолф Бланки. Пътуване из България през 1841 година. Прев. от френски Ел. Райчева, предг. Ив. Илчев. София: Колибри, 2005, 219 с.

5547:

will hear that the Shopi are the true and most pure Bulgarians, while the inhabitants of the mountains around Turnovo will claim that theirs is the land of true Bulgarians from time immemorial, etc.

2717:

It has to be noted that only a minority of the people, whose dialects are referenced here, self-identify as "Shopi". This is particularly true for northwestern Bulgaria, but even in areas close to

1978: 5004:

called a litak, which is black, generally is worn without an apron, and is heavily decorated around the neck and bottom of the skirt in gold, often with great quantities of gold-colored sequins.

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of its parishioners. While some towns like Pirot repeatedly thwarted Serbian attempts to establish schools, due to the proximity of the border and their many refugees in Serbia, both Niš and

2454:, i.e., the central Shopluk featured the largest concentration of Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire. In recognition of this and as a result of the active participation of the Shopluk in the 2119:(in eastern North Macedonia) be used as a basis for the Bulgarian literary language as a compromise and middle ground between what he himself referred to as the "Northern Bulgarian" or 2520:

by indoctrinating all surrounding Slavic peoples with pro-Serbian national ideology. As the plan basically suggested the assimilation of all South Slavs, it was kept secret until 1906.

5281:

I take a look behind me – nothing; I take a look around me – nothing; and I am thinking – there is something. (It shows the paranoia of the Shop that the world is out to get him/her)

3063:(ʃt~ʒd) (as in Standard Bulgarian) - леща, между (lentils, between), except for the extreme western parts of the region located in Serbia and North Macedonia, where it shades into 854: 1182: 649: 5717:

studied these 'Sops' in the 1920s, and reported that they were despised by the other inhabitants of Bulgaria for their stupidity and bestiality, and dreaded for their savagery.

2134:, the Shopi differed a lot from other Bulgarians in language and habits, and were generally regarded as a simple folk. He linked their name and origin to the Thracian tribe of 961: 2434:

and southern Albania as ethnically Greek and are generally described as having a pro-Greek bias, all other nine maps establish the Serbo-Bulgarian ethnic boundary along the

3002:

with some elements of Shopski, which remains a majority dialect in Sofia's villages and throughout western Bulgaria, for example the big towns and cities of: (Sofia and

2642:

as Bulgarian. While they were indeed included in the Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects and the adjoining map, both the atlas and the map explicitly state that they present the

7450: 5630: 5231:

Once upon a time three Shopi climbed on top of the Vitosha Mountain. There was a thick fog in the valley so they thought it was cotton. They jumped down and perished.

6438:

Cartography in Central and Eastern Europe: Selected Papers of the 1st ICA Symposium on Cartography for Central and Eastern Europe; Georg Gartner, Felix Ortag; 2010;

2165:, in any other way than as Bulgarians. As early as 1502, a Dalmatian traveller by the name of Felix Petančić identified a number of places in the region, including 6129: 6084: 5775: 2978:

in Serbia. It is only the latter group that is transitional to Torlak and therefore Serbian, which is why it is sometimes referred to as "Transitional dialects".

2611:. In their most extreme form, Serbian claims extended all the way to the yat boundary. According to it, all Ekavian-speaking Bulgarians were nothing but Serbs. 2489:

did not include any Torlak or Shop-speaking areas in his maps of "Territories inhabited by Servians" published in 1821 and 1848, nor mentioned them in his 1848

2269:

who threw pieces of butter with salt in front of his company (probably wishing them a safe journey). In 1673, another Austrian traveller, Hans Hönze, described

2304:, in 1723; Armenian geographer Hugas Injejian in 1789, etc. etc. Several maps at the end of the 1700s also place the border between Serbia and Bulgaria around 2935:

and that both terms are often used interchangeably in Serbian, Torlakian and Shopski, in a strictly linguistic sense, refer to entirely different things. The

7113:

Culinary Cultures of Europe: Identity Diversity And Dialogue, Stephen Mennell, Darra J. Goldstein, Kathrin Merkle, Fabio Parasecoli, Council of Europe, 2005

5018:). The unusually large share of placenames ending in -ovci, -enci and -jane evidence for the preservation of the zadruga until even after the 19th century. 6391:История на България, том седми - Възстановяване и утвърждаване на Българската държава. Национално-освободителни борби /1878-1903/, София, 1991, с. 421-423. 1516: 7229: 3159:

of unstressed vowels (as in Serbian), with the exception of the Torlak dialects in Serbian, which, on the other hand, do have reduction (as in Bulgarian)

5207:

There is a saying throughout Bulgaria that the Shopi's heads are wooden (дървена шопска глава, dǎrvena šopska glava), meaning they are too stubborn. In

2752:

Nor are the dialects spoken by this population particularly close to each other: in the Shopluk, there are no fewer than three reflexes of the big yus (

3372:

2nd and 3rd personal pronouns across the entire region, including Torlak-speaking areas in Serbia conform to standard Bulgarian/Macedonian forms (e.g.

7440: 920: 2242:

Another German, Wolf Andreas von Steinach, on his way home from Constantinople in 1583, placed the boundary between Bulgarian and Serbs just west of

1982:

The Bulgarian frontiers in the West — Views of various travelers and researchers, 12 different source maps. The entire Shopluk is shown as Bulgarian.

5609:

American Association for South Slavic Studies, American Association for Southeast European Studies, South East European Studies Association (1993).

954: 3121:(прясно мляко) . However, the existence of numerous cases of "a" after hardened "ц" (t͡s) indicates that the yat line in the past has run west of 7193:Дечев, Стефан. Българска, но не точно шопска. За един от кулинарните символи, Български фолклор, год. ХХХVІ, 2010, кн. 1, с. 130 – 131, 133, 136. 6248:

National Romanticism: The Formation of National Movements: Discourses of Collective Identity in Central and Southeast Europe 1770–1945, volume II

5402:

The establishment of Serbian local government in the counties of Niš, Vranje, Toplica and Pirot subsequent to the Serbo-Turkish wars of 1876-1878

5085:" in 1955, as part of an effort to popularize a unique Bulgarian tourist brand. Thus, it has no connection with either the Shopi or the Shopluk. 2627:, and the border between Serbian and Bulgarian is unanimously defined as the state border between the two countries, except for the districts of 2572: 2077:

started gaining visibility as a "group" in the course of the 19th-century waves of migration of poor workers from the Shopluk villages to Sofia.

2100: 2048: 896: 5363:"Още турският султан проклетисвал шопите. Не замръквайте под открито небе, че няма и да осъмнете читави предупреждава Селим Страшни през 1522" 7335: 7211: 7099: 7084: 7069: 7054: 7039: 7024: 7009: 6969: 6954: 6939: 6924: 6909: 6876: 6861: 6846: 6831: 6777: 6762: 6747: 6732: 6713: 6679: 6664: 6649: 6634: 6572: 6549: 6517: 6285: 6256: 6036: 5973: 1287: 554: 3455:

developed in the 11th-12th centuries in some dialects from demonstrative pronouns), so Serbian influence in this particular case is unlikely

5123:

who actually wrote some comic short stories and poems in the dialect, and also portrayed life in the Shopluk in much of his literary work.

5046:

are popular instruments; and two-part singing is common. Minor second intervals are common in Shop music and are not considered dissonant.

3960:

There are plenty of typical words for the Shop dialect in particular, as well as for other western dialects in general. Some examples are:

3169:

Historical /l/ in coda position has been preserved in all dialects, as in standard Bulgarian and unlike Serbian, where it is pronounced as

2257:

In the 1590s, Austrian apothecary Hans Seidel wrote about hundreds of chopped-off heads of Bulgarian villagers rolling along the road from

1930: 448: 422: 5008:

is well developed as an art and is very conservative. Agriculture is the traditional main occupation, with cattle breeding coming second.

2371:

as Bulgarian. He also mentioned that there are 200 Bulgarian villages around Pirot and some 60,000 to 80,000 Bulgarians living along the

6142:Мирчета Вемић, Младен Стругар, Атлас старе Србије: европске карте Косова и Метохије, Biblioteka Sveti Petar Cetinjski, Светигора, 2007, 2567:) as a subgroup of the Serbian ethnos, portraying them as closer to the Serbs than to the Bulgarians. For example, Serbian ethnographer 947: 832: 5204:. Consequently, the Shop hit his head on the rocks and the entire mountain split into two. The lake flew out and the gorge was formed. 2053: 935: 925: 860: 528: 183: 5662:

The inhabitants of one group of villages near Sofia, the so-called Shopi, were popularly supposed to be descendants of the Pechenegs.

3820:

All conjugation forms for the aorist and imperfect follow entirely the standard Bulgarian conjugation pattern, including with ending

1435: 7399: 7375: 7282: 7232: 7181: 6312: 5655: 5375: 654: 607: 465: 5831:

A Memorable Embassy to the Sublime Porte, carried out by Mr. Friedrich von Kreckwitz on the orders of Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor

2161:

Prior to 1878, there was practically no European etnographer, researcher or traveller to identify not only the Shopi, but also the

7455: 2650:. Isoglosses are based on 19th and early 20th century records rather than on current data, and Transdanubian settler dialects in 1918: 1896: 883: 874: 869: 257: 5272:

Even if the gasoline price grows to $ 100 I'll still drive my car. Even if the price drops to a penny, I am not buying it still.

3732:(-ен/-йен) is the preferred ending in most of the central and southern parts of the region, as in most southern Bulgarian, i.e. 7256: 5269:

The sayings about the Shopi does not seize in modern day. There are popular sayings from communist period of Bulgaria such as:

5000:

Kyustendil region are in black and they are called Chernodreshkovci — Blackcoats. Some Shope women wear a special kind of

3681: 3596: 3576: 3521: 3299: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2940: 2141:

The American Association for South Slavic Studies has noted that the Shopi are recognized as a distinct sub-group in Bulgaria.

2059: 1880: 1602: 1040: 351: 1958:

Map called: „Territories inhabited by Servians”. It forms a supplement to the book: „History of the Servian people, edited by

1450: 7157: 7140: 7120: 6165: 6147: 5827:

Denkwürdige Gesandtschaft an die Ottomanische Pforte, Welche auf Rudolphi, II. Befehl Herr Friedrich von Kreckwitz verrichtet

5706: 5099: 3602: 3582: 3554: 2951:. They also generally shade more and more towards Serbian, Bulgarian and Macedonian the further west, east and south you go. 2850: 2760: 2662: 2301: 1379: 523: 6593:"2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia, ETHNICITY Data by municipalities and cities" 6439: 6066:

Recueil d'Itinéraires Dans La Turquie d'Europe, Vol. 1: Détails Géographiques, Topographiques Et Statistiques Sur Cet Empire

2497:

gave the shortest and most precise definition of Torlaks by saying that they speak neither pure Serbian nor pure Bulgarian.

1684:

in Bulgaria are a matter of debate, with the narrowest definition confining them only to the immediate surroundings of the

70: 2702: 1440: 208: 5158:

Once a Shop went to the zoo and saw a giraffe. He watched it in amazement and finally said: "There is no such animal!" (

3879:

is used in the more urbanized areas and is rather common in the colloquial speech of Sofia in general. Example: Shopski

2944: 2120: 1278: 800: 481: 384: 168: 30: 5107:

In the 19th century, around Vidin, it was not unusual for a woman in her mid 20s and 30s to have a man of 15–16 years.

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The old Slavic tenses have been kept in full and have been supplemented with additional (inferential) forms, as in all

2312: 2296:

include German George Christoff Von Neitzschitz, in 1631; Austrian diplomat Paul Taffner, as part of an embassy to the

2144:

The rural inhabitants near Sofia have popularly been claimed by a number of different authors to be descendants of the

7132: 5151:

This saying pokes fun at a perceived facet of the Shop's character, namely that he's never traveled far from his home.

2683: 2196: 2124: 1998:. The alleged Serbian populated areas are coloured in green, which more or less corresponds to areas inhabited by all 1197: 844: 346: 228: 132: 6071:

Collection of Itineraries in European Turkey, Vol. 1: Geographic, Topographical and Statistical Details of the Empire

2635:, which were ceded to Serbia after World War I, where the border follows the old Serbo-Bulgarian border before 1919. 6791: 5030:

and humor playing an important part. The Shopi are also known for playing particularly fast and intense versions of

3743:

tense and in the past active participle the stress falls always on the ending and not on the stem. Example: Shopski

7161: 7112: 6224:"The Torlaks' Regional Identity(-ies) as a Motive for Cross-Border Collaboration in Serbian-Bulgarian Border Zones" 3481:

The plural for multiple-syllable masculine names across almost the entirety of the region (except for parts of the

3184: 2780: 2085: 1986: 1902: 1888: 1566: 767: 473: 2300:, in 1665; German diplomat Gerard Cornelius Von Don Driesch, sent on a mission to Constantinople on the orders of 1455: 7430: 5493: 5387: 5266:

and has nothing to do with the Shopi. It is a term for untidiness, since the boar is a close relative to the pig.

3059:

Proto-Slavic *tʲ~*dʲ (the main marker of differentiation between the different Slavic languages) has resulted in

2471: 2412: 2116: 1922: 1511: 784: 567: 358: 336: 50: 3497:(учител > учителе, teacher > teachers) unlike Bulgarian, Serbian and Macedonian, which all use the suffix 2388: 5714: 5093: 2911: 2864: 2770: 2483: 2482:

Until the mid-1800s, Serbs themselves did not consider either Shopi or Torlaks to be Serbs. Serbian writer and

2274: 2149: 1462: 1394: 1061: 891: 827: 795: 441: 198: 5713:

The Pechenegs still survive in Bulgaria, in the plain of Sofia, and are known as 'Sops'. The Oxford historian

5558: 3774:

In the present tense for the first and second conjugation, the ending for the first person singular is always

2931:). Even though the range presented here does include several dialects which Serbian dialectology refers to as 5994: 5845:Чужди пътеписи за Балканите. Том 7: Английски пътеписи за Балканите (края на ХVІ в. - 30-те години на ХІХ в.) 2273:

as the "main city of all of Bulgaria". A decade or so later, Italian military specialist in Austrian service

7435: 6592: 5423: 3689: 3470:(град > градове) (town > towns) as in standard Bulgarian; in Serbian/Macedonian, the plural suffix is 2528:

buckled to the Serbian propaganda in a matter of years. By the early 1870s, the Niš eparchy was part of the

2396: 2324: 2065: 1941: 1914: 1910: 1268: 583: 389: 122: 5337: 6469:

Eastern Europe ...: a monthly survey of the affairs of central, eastern and south-eastern Europe, Volume 2

3572: 3568: 3215: 3211: 3187: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3075: 2838: 2828: 2810: 2800: 2486: 2408: 1966: 1959: 1937: 1926: 1767:. The Macedonian Shopluk is currently assumed to cover a much smaller territory, excluding the regions of 1651: 1623: 1484: 1292: 994: 930: 779: 708: 636: 620: 602: 562: 518: 288: 1117: 5278:

They pretend to pay me decent salary; I pretend that I am working (also very common in the former USSR).

5240: 3693: 1892: 1445: 1229: 1224: 816: 641: 625: 612: 578: 298: 245: 213: 203: 188: 178: 163: 153: 148: 6533: 5741:

Travels in the Balkans in the 1500s. 1. Felix Petančić and his Description of His Travels across Turkey

5437:

Macedonian folk song in a Bulgarian urban context: songs and singing in Blagoevgrad, Southwest Bulgaria

2954:

On the other hand, "Shopski" is just an alternative (and rather incorrect) designation for the Western

2131: 7226: 3140:

The verbal endings for first person singular and third person plural have no palatalisation. Example:

7445: 5849:

Foreign Travelogues on the Balkans, Volume 7: English Travelogues (from the Late 1500s to the 1930s)

3600: 3580: 3552: 3166:

and lack either phonetic pitch or length (as in standard Bulgarian and unlike Serbian and Macedonian)

2948: 2862: 2848: 2778: 2768: 2758: 2632: 2544: 2348: 2286: 2220: 1884: 1865: 1819: 1697: 1384: 1366: 1147: 689: 684: 673: 327: 278: 240: 233: 218: 173: 117: 87: 5050: 3520:(woman > women) as in both standard Bulgarian and standard Macedonian, with the exception of the 2603:; to the east of that limit the Serbian population, blended with the Bulgarian element, reached the 2331:

also placed the boundary between Serbs and Bulgarians just north of Niš and identified the towns of

7275:

Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects. Generalising volume. Vol. I – III. Phonetics. Accentuation. Lexicology

6015: 3680:

The past passive participle ending varies, depending on participle, for example, for "married" the

3658: 2624: 2592: 2532:

in name only; all Bulgarian schools had closed, and the population had adopted a Serbian identity.

2529: 2467: 2089: 1906: 1812: 1786: 1704:

is meant to include Northwestern Bulgaria, which is the widest definition (and the one used here).

1595: 1467: 1309: 1047: 811: 540: 434: 318: 293: 262: 223: 193: 158: 97: 78: 6198: 4985: 2962:, they are not transitional to any language. Instead, Western Bulgarian dialects are divided into 7300: 6123: 6078: 5769: 5743:] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Rad Jugoslavenske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti. pp. 122–124. 5624: 3868: 3717: 3685: 3482: 3265: 3258: 3243: 3236: 3229: 2999: 2955: 2936: 2922: 2639: 2536: 2431: 2112: 2108: 2096: 2052:

Ethnographic boundary between Serbs and Bulgarians according to Bulgarian historian and linguist

1498: 1423: 1374: 1304: 1239: 1214: 1022: 499: 417: 399: 379: 374: 250: 102: 6505: 5900:

Sieben-jährige und gefährliche neu-verbesserte Europae, Asiat und Afrikanische welt beschreibung

2878:) reflex of Pra-Slavic *tʲ~*dʲ (as in standard Bulgarian) is challenged by the typically Torlak 2501: 2494: 1991: 7386: 5918:Чужди пътеписи за Балканите: Немски и австрийски пътеписи за Балканите XVII-средата на XVIII в. 5881:Чужди пътеписи за Балканите: Немски и австрийски пътеписи за Балканите XVII-средата на XVIII в. 5863:Чужди пътеписи за Балканите: Немски и австрийски пътеписи за Балканите XVII-средата на XVIII в. 5254:

selfishness, but may rather point to their conservatism, lack of interest to the outside world.

7395: 7371: 7350: 7331: 7288: 7278: 7215: 7207: 7177: 7153: 7136: 7116: 6568: 6513: 6414: 6308: 6281: 6252: 6161: 6143: 6032: 5702: 5651: 5475: 5312: 3630: 3319: 2959: 2404: 1693: 1428: 1389: 1273: 1261: 1219: 1209: 1167: 1157: 1087: 1082: 341: 127: 112: 92: 5904:

Seven Years of Perilous Travel across Europe, Asia and Africa, a New Description of the World

5736:

Putovanja po balkanskom poluotoku XVI. vieka. 1. Felix Petančić i njegov opis puteva u Tursku

5572: 5201: 5137: 5062: 5031: 4991: 3907: 3713: 3654: 3622: 3343: 3291: 2975: 2687: 2667: 2455: 2439: 2416: 2392: 2316: 1826: 1736:

was used by Bulgarians to refer to the borderlands of Bulgaria, the inhabitants were called

1666: 1506: 1474: 1416: 1408: 1323: 1234: 1162: 1132: 1122: 1112: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1054: 283: 7349:[The National Building of the Shop Ethnic Community in Eastern Macedonia]. Skopje. 6891:"Modern Paleoslavistics and Medievalistics, Online Dictionary and Grammar of Old Bulgarian" 6532:Стойков, Стойко: Българска диалектология, Акад. изд. "Проф. Марин Дринов", 2006, pp. 76-77 2966:, spoken in Central Western and Southwestern Bulgaria, except for the region around Sofia; 2042:'s thought: Three radically different ethnographic maps of the Balkans, 1909, 1913 and 1918 7313: 5405: 5054: 3634: 3323: 3303: 3156: 2895: 2746: 2420: 2320: 2184: 1838: 1806: 1721: 1659: 1352: 1345: 1340: 1318: 1253: 1192: 1177: 1152: 1137: 1127: 509: 3249:

The comparative and superlative form of adjectives are expressed analytically, by adding

2620: 2568: 2539:, the Serbian diplomacy managed to skillfully navigate the conflicting objectives of the 2039: 1764: 6890: 5922:

Foreign Travelogues on the Balkans, Volume 3: German and Austrian Travelogues, 1600–1750

5885:

Foreign Travelogues on the Balkans, Volume 3: German and Austrian Travelogues, 1600–1750

5867:

Foreign Travelogues on the Balkans, Volume 3: German and Austrian Travelogues, 1600–1750

5794:

Foreign Travelogues on the Balkans, Volume 3: German and Austrian Travelogues, 1400–1600

5790:Чужди Пътеписи За Балканите, Том 3 - Немски и австрийски пътеписи за Балканите ХV-ХVІ В. 5440: 2246:. The same thing was done in the 1621 journal of yet another traveller, French diplomat 2195:

in 1578, described the following Bulgarian towns and villages along the way: "Vedreno" (

6816: 6274: 5074: 3626: 3315: 3163: 3042: 2982: 2738: 2596: 2584: 2517: 2505: 2447: 2383: 2360: 2323:

as Bulgarian. The author further designated the population of Niš as Bulgarian and the

2247: 2192: 2188: 1995: 1832: 1800: 1588: 1479: 1335: 1142: 978: 107: 39: 6064: 6049: 2423:, French railway engineer Bianconi and Austrian diplomat Karl Sax, all three in 1877. 2020: 7424: 6487: 6302: 5195:

How was the gorge of the Iskǎr River formed? As the story goes, in ancient times the

5082: 5081:, named after the ethnographic group. The salad was created by state tourist agency " 5078: 3848: 3705: 3079: 3031: 2927: 2907: 2604: 2547:

in favour of Austria-Hungary, it managed to gain not only Niš and Leskovac, but also

2463: 2327:

as a Bulgarian uprising. During his travels across European Turkey, French geologist

2297: 1685: 1330: 1187: 1172: 1101: 729: 5215: 6609: 6375: 5296: 5220: 5196: 3733: 3709: 2588: 2559:

This success encouraged Serbian scholars to further expand their claims beyond the

2552: 2540: 2400: 2344: 2292:

Other travellers who put the ethnographic boundary between Serbs and Bulgarians at

2266: 2228: 1689: 1654:. Most of the region is located in Western Bulgaria, with smaller parts in Eastern 1573: 1029: 394: 6696: 5755: 5696: 2177:

as inhabited by Bulgarians and marked the "end of Bulgaria" at the city of Nissa (

1954: 1869: 1756: 7267: 6467: 6246: 5675: 5645: 5610: 5589: 5539: 6983: 5133: 5027: 3071:(ʃtʃ~dʒ), which are transitional to the reflexes in standard Serbian/Macedonian. 2509: 2356: 2328: 1999: 1848: 1538: 1530: 1299: 7321: 6871: 5576: 5300: 5120: 5005: 3419:

is also the pronoun that is used across Southern Bulgaria, all the way to the

3130: 2691: 2655: 2628: 2600: 2265:. In 1664, Englishman John Burberry was baffled by several Bulgarian women in 2011: 1772: 1670: 1552: 734: 58: 7354: 3399:(аз), as in Bulgarian. Similarly, the 3rd person, sing. and pl. pronouns are 7292: 7176:. For more see: Albena Shkodrova, Socialist gourmet, Janet 45, Sofia, 2014, 3420: 3190:

occurs in some cases where it is absent in the standard language. Examples:

3035: 2932: 2706: 2251: 2204: 2145: 2095:

In 1875, during the tug-of-war regarding the basis of codificatin of modern

901: 7416:

Traditional Shopi costumes from Sofia and the region — old photographs

7347:"Народното градителство на шопската етничка заедница во Источна Македониjа" 6223: 3458:

The plural for single-syllable masculine names across the entire region is

2974:, spoken along the border with Serbia and by the Bulgarian minority in the 2917:

The few unifying characterics of the dialects are that they belong to the "

2372: 5362: 5334:

Region, Regional Identity and Regionalism in Southeastern Europe, Volume 1

2516:"-like role for Serbia on the Balkans and the restoration of the medieval 1696:

and ethnographic regions and incorporate Central Western Bulgaria and the

7277:]. София: Книгоиздателска къща „Труд“ / Trud publishing house. 2001. 6695:Стойков, С. (2002) Българска диалектология, 4-то издание. стр. 143, 186. 6187: 5941:

Historical Message from the Holy Roman Imperial Embassy to Constantinople

5169:

So even seeing the truth with his own eyes, he refuses to acknowledge it.

3023: 2675: 2525: 2513: 2470:

in 1870 and in the Bulgarian autonomous vilayets proposed at the 1876–77

2426:

With the exception of Bianconi and Stanford's maps that portrayed all of

2379: 2368: 2352: 2340: 2282: 2278: 2216: 2212: 2135: 1971: 1794: 1776: 1545: 308: 7388:

Maps and Politics; a Review of the Ethnographic Cartography of Macedonia

7004: 5208: 5058: 5035: 5014: 3588: 3560: 3501:. This plural form is a typical Western and Southern Bulgarian feature. 3134: 3027: 3019: 2730: 2608: 2580: 2560: 2451: 2200: 2166: 2162: 2104: 1854: 1768: 1627: 750: 17: 3162:

All dialects, irrespective of which country they are located in, have

3097:

with palatalisation of the preceding consonant) in some positions and

2254:, who emphasised that the boundary had been shown to him "by locals". 7346: 7328:

Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects. Generalising volume. Vol. IV. Morphology

5001: 3740: 3203: 3122: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2726: 2679: 2548: 2459: 2427: 1717: 1655: 1559: 1011: 745: 303: 7415: 6610:"Ethnic communities with less than 2000 members and dually declared" 5538:

Institut za balkanistika (Bŭlgarska akademii͡a͡ na naukite) (1993).

3049:

Features of Shopski shared by all or most western Bulgarian dialects

2332: 2305: 2293: 2262: 2243: 2232: 2178: 7133:

Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia, Ken Albala, ABC-CLIO, 2011

7094: 5043: 5039: 4984: 3559:) sound of standard Bulgarian (which corresponds to Old Bulgarian 3541:

Features characteristic for the South-West Bulgarian dialect group

3126: 3015: 2991: 2718: 2695: 2651: 2435: 2364: 2336: 2270: 2258: 2236: 2224: 2208: 2174: 2170: 1985: 1977: 1965: 1861: 1790: 1755: 1745: 1674: 986: 6598:. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 2012. p. 12. 6565:

The Politics of Language and Nationalism in Modern Central Europe

2814:); and the whopping five reflexes of Old Bulgarian's syllabic l ( 2987: 2674:

Most of the area traditionally inhabited by the Shopi is within

2084:

In the 19th century, the Shopluk area was one of the centres of

7098:

sfnp error: no target: CITEREFAtlas_of_Bulgarian_Dialects2001 (

7083:

sfnp error: no target: CITEREFAtlas_of_Bulgarian_Dialects2001 (

7068:

sfnp error: no target: CITEREFAtlas_of_Bulgarian_Dialects2001 (

7053:

sfnp error: no target: CITEREFAtlas_of_Bulgarian_Dialects2016 (

7034: 3592: 3564: 3082: 2918: 2721:, the local population identifies in different ways, e.g., as 2638:

Similarly, Bulgarian linguistics no longer claims the Serbian

2211:, a big city populated by Bulgarians, Greeks, Turks, Jews and 1692:. The boundaries that are most commonly used overlap with the 4608:(zboruem, zboruvam, prikazvam, oratim, govora, vrevim, dumam) 3551:

In most (though not all) forms of Shopski, the stressed "ъ" (

2203:), with mixed population of Turks and Bulgarians; Kazidzham ( 1970:

An early ethnographic map of the Balkans by French geologist

1665:

The majority of the Shopi (those in Bulgaria, as well in the

1626:: Шопи) is a regional term, used by a group of people in the 6251:. Budapest: Central European University Press. p. 240. 5073:

A famous Bulgarian dish, popular throughout the Balkans and

3764:

Features characteristic of the Sofia and Elin Pelin dialects

3728:), i.e. "женет", as in standard Macedonian. In other cases, 2551:

and even the staunchly Bulgarian Pirot. In this connection,

7038:

sfnp error: no target: CITEREFAtlas_of_Bulgarian_Dialects (

6726: 6707: 6543: 5544:. Édition de lA̕cadémie bulgare des sciences. p. 106. 3906:

Lack of past imperfect active participle, used to form the

3809:

In the third person singular, present tense, the ending is

3279:), while in standard Bulgarian some verbs have the ending - 2947:

share features of and are transitional between Western and

2227:, mostly Turkish with a minority of Bulgarians; Kuruçeşme ( 1974:(1847). The entire Shopluk is shown as Bulgarian populated. 6633:

sfn error: no target: CITEREFAtlas_of_Bulgarian_Dialects (

5474:

Bulletin of the Ethnographical Institute, Volume 41, 1992

3524:

and the adjoining Serbian Torlakian dialects, where it is

2925:

and that they are extremely analytical (i.e., are part of

2666:

regional or ethnographic identity as Shopi. And as modern

2458:(the first rebellion against a Greek bishop took place in 2239:—"because this is where Bulgaria ends and Serbia begins". 2111:

proposed that the "Middle Bulgarian" or "Shop dialect" of

1724:, of which boundaries are quite vague, in Serbia the term 6276:

Serbia's Secret War: Propaganda and the Deceit of History

3910:. In other words, in these dialects there are forms like 3006:- transitional speech with literary Bulgarian language), 7323:Български диалектен атлас. Обобщаващ том. IV. Морфология 5698:

The Bulgarians. From Pagan Times to the Ottoman Conquest

3264:

There is only one plural form for adjectives, as in all

1744:

designation is currently attributed to villagers around

5814:]. Sofia: Наука и изкуство. 1975. pp. 39, 199. 5757:Дневник на едно пътуване до Османската порта в Цариград 3828:) for 3rd person plural for both aorist and imperfect ( 3704:), i.e. "женен", as in standard Bulgarian, whereas the 2970:, spoken in Northwestern Bulgaria and around Sofia and 2508:, a Serbian nationalist blueprint seeking to unify all 2311:

When traveling across Bulgaria in 1841, French scholar

6461: 6459: 6100:, pp. 34, 36, 44, 50, 53, 54, 55, 66, 70, 71, 75. 5455: 5453: 5451: 5449: 7330:]. София: BAS Academic Press Marin Drinov. 2016. 3210:(Бань-ка), with a transfer of the palatal sound from 3206:(Банкя), the name of a town near Sofia, derived from 2235:), where only few Christians lived, and most of them 7259:, Journal for Southeast European Anthropology, Sofia 5142:От Искаро по-длибоко нема, от Витоша по-високо нема! 5049:

Two very popular and well-known fоlklore groups are

3439:

were the original pronouns in Old Bulgarian (modern

3085:

vowel and is realised, in the standard language, as

2698:

and those in North Macedonia—as ethnic Macedonians.

2231:), a purely Bulgarian village, and, finally, Nissa ( 2187:, a German Protestant theologian travelling back to 1677:

and those in North Macedonia—as ethnic Macedonians.

6897:. Sofia University St. Clement of Ohrid. 2011–2013. 6792:"Bulgarian Grammar - Comparatives and Superlatives" 2745:(Torlaks) on the northern and southern side of the 6494:. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press. 6273: 5996:XXII. Karte von dem Oschmanischen Reiche in Europa 5961:]. Sofia: Наука и изкуство. 1984. p. 115. 5924:]. Sofia: Наука и изкуство. 1989. p. 103. 5869:]. Sofia: Наука и изкуство. 1989. p. 159. 3268:as well as standard Bulgarian (and unlike Serbian) 3261:as well as standard Bulgarian (and unlike Serbian) 3246:as well as standard Bulgarian (and unlike Serbian) 3239:as well as standard Bulgarian (and unlike Serbian) 3232:as well as standard Bulgarian (and unlike Serbian) 2678:, while the western borderlines are split between 2088:. As such, the enture region was made part of the 5211:there is such saying about Bulgarians in general. 5179:Пеняви се, не пеняви, пари съм давал, че го ядем. 2512:under Serbian rule. The Načertanije envisaged a " 2442:, thus defining the entire Shopluk as Bulgarian. 2157:European travellers and ethnographers before 1878 1662:, where the borders of the three countries meet. 6817:"St. Stojkov - Bylgarska dialektologija - 2 B 4" 6280:. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 3–4. 6199:Историја народа србског - Историjска библиотека. 2786:; three reflexes of Old Bulgarian's syllabic r ( 6567:. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 27. 6429:, pp. 261-262 Jovan Cvijic:Selected statements] 5980:Europe Divided into its Main Constituent States 4669:(zboruvam, govoram, prikazhuvam, dumam, vrevam) 3926:(pil) (past aorist active participles), but no 3599:and the Torlak dialects in Serbia, which have ( 2694:, those in the pre-1919 territory of Serbia—as 2688:Bulgarian territories annexed by Serbia in 1919 2438:, then just north of Niš and finally along the 2391:in 1842, Ami Boué in 1847, French ethnographer 2181:), a city "inhabited by Turks and Bulgarians". 2063:Ethnic map of the Balkans in 1911 according to 1712:According to Institute for Balkan Studies, the 1673:, those in the pre-1919 territory of Serbia—as 1667:Bulgarian territories annexed by Serbia in 1919 6510:Poredbenopovijesna gramatika hrvatskoga jezika 6073:]. Vienna. pp. 60–62, 76–92, 220–242. 5426:. Brzotiskom Dragutina Albrechta (in Croatian) 3271:The ending for first person plural is always - 6984:"Електронна библиотека Българско езикознание" 5982:] (Map). 1:9,500,000. Paris: Les Auteurs. 1596: 955: 442: 8: 6245:Trencsényi, Balázs; Kopecek, Michal (2007). 6112:Описание Болгарии в 60-х годах прошлого века 5629:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2556:settled in Sofia, Dimitrovgrad, Vidin, etc. 2462:in 1828), the entire Shopluk as well as the 2069:The entire Shopluk is depicted as Bulgarian. 5851:]. Наука и изкуство. 1987. p. 150. 5796:]. Наука и изкуство. 1979. p. 431. 2308:, sometimes west and sometimes east of it. 1818:occasionally also the western parts of the 1716:was the mountainous area on the borders of 1630:. The areas traditionally inhabited by the 6691: 6689: 6363: 6351: 6339: 6327: 6128:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 6083:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5935:Driesch, Gerard Cornelius Von Don (1723). 5898:Christoff Von Neitzschitz, George (1674). 5774:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 5594:(20 ed.). Werner. 1903. p. 149. 5119:A distinguished writer from the region is 3736:as well as Standard Serbian and Macedonian 2563:and to claim even the Šopi (also known as 1603: 1589: 973: 962: 948: 460: 449: 435: 45: 7368:The Bulgarians from the Valley of Nishava 6450: 6380:they always feel that they are Bulgarians 6307:. New York University Press. p. 91. 6209: 6097: 6001:XXII. Map of the Ottoman Empire in Europe 5701:. London: Thames and Hudson. p. 41. 3391:In turn, the 1st person sing. pronoun is 3078:(променливо я), which corresponds to the 2382:reforms and the tentative opening of the 2123:dialect and the "Southern Bulgarian" or " 6188:Editions from 1846 and 1848 on WorldCat. 5975:L'Europe divisee en ses principaux Etats 5650:. Harvard University Press. p. 40. 5487: 5485: 5483: 5459: 5092: 3962: 3645:). In the rest of the mesoregion, it is 3504:The plural for feminine nouns ending in 3334:). In the rest of the mesoregion, it is 2058: 2047: 1953: 29: 7451:Bulgarian people by ethnographic region 6118:] (in Russian). Sofia. p. 184. 5414: 5412: 5325: 3673:(отивам у градо) vs standard Bulgarian 3235:There are definite articles, as in all 3148:(седа/седъ) but in standard Bulgarian, 985: 912: 843: 766: 716: 488: 472: 409: 366: 326: 270: 140: 77: 57: 7309: 7298: 6492:The Cambridge encyclopedia of language 6304:Heavenly Serbia: From Myth to Genocide 6121: 6116:A Description of Bulgaria in the 1860s 6076: 5767: 5622: 5470: 5468: 3677:(отивам в града), "I am going in town" 2466:were included in the territory of the 2219:), a small, purely Bulgarian village; 5111:The Shopi in literature and anecdotes 3522:Outer Northwestern Bulgarian dialects 2898:and even by the typically Macedonian 2705:, they were registered as a separate 1940:and several highland villages in the 7: 7253:Places to exchange cultural patterns 6050:"Рая Заимова - Пътуване из България" 5526:Places to exchange cultural patterns 5350:Places to exchange cultural patterns 4812:(pas, pseto (both pejorative), kuče) 4240:(I) keep, bring up, raise (a child) 3759:('гледал), " was watching; watched" 3314:), as in Standard Bulgarian. In the 2415:in 1869, renowned German geographer 5762:Diary of a Trip to the Ottoman Gate 5615:. Slavica Publishers. p. 201. 4707:(kukuruz, morus, carevica, misirka) 3653:) as in northeastern Bulgaria (the 3625:for masculine nouns varies. In the 3357:(в). Example: "in town" is Shopski 3198:(майкя) and in standard Bulgarian, 2886:) along the border with Serbia, by 1698:Bulgarian-populated areas in Serbia 6017:1798 Arrowsmith Wall Map of Europe 5591:The Encyclopædia Britannica: A-ZYM 5513:La Serbie: Son Passé et Son Avenir 5132:"There is nothing deeper than the 2958:, and though they are part of the 2500:However, all of this changed with 1783:Western Bulgaria (White Shopluk) 25: 7204:Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria 6003:] (Map). 1:3,200,000. Vienna. 3380:(вие) ) in contrast with Serbian 3361:(у градо) vs. standard Bulgarian 3041:The exposition below is based on 2543:and by waiving its claims to the 7441:Ethnic groups in North Macedonia 6727:Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects 2016 6708:Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects 2001 6544:Atlas of Bulgarian Dialects 2016 5993:Kininger, Vinzenz Georg (1795). 5303:is named after the Shop region. 3991:(oti?, za kakvo?, za kvo?, što?) 3806:) (I am sitting, we are sitting) 3751:(гле'дал) vs standard Bulgarian 3155:Most dialects have little or no 3101:in others, is always pronounced 2986:dialects which are spoken from 2960:South Slavic dialectal continuum 2870:). Even the clearly predominant 2607:and the line which linked it to 2571:, presented a study at the 1919 2395:in 1861, English travel writers 2315:described the population of the 2092:upon its establishment in 1870. 2028: 2019: 2010: 993: 480: 69: 5833:]. Görlitz. pp. 84–85. 5764:]. Sofia. pp. 261–269. 3996:защо?, за какво?, що? (colloq.) 3682:Northwestern Bulgarian dialects 3577:Northwestern Bulgarian dialects 3415:(они), as in Serbian. However, 3395:(я), as in Serbian, instead of 3228:There are no cases, as in most 2941:Northwestern Bulgarian dialects 2130:According to the Czech Slavist 2115:(in southwestern Bulgaria) and 1881:Northeastern statistical region 7394:. Liverpool University Press. 5400:Balcanica, 2006 (37):111-124, 5136:, and nothing higher than the 2663:Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2661:With the establishment of the 2403:in 1867, Russian ethnographer 2302:Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor 27:Group of people in the Balkans 1: 7233:Composite Antarctic Gazetteer 5943:]. Nuremberg. p. 79. 5906:]. Nuremberg. p. 73. 5695:Marshall Lang, David (1976). 3987:оти?, за какво?, за кво?, що? 3893:če odim, še oda, k'е oda/odim 3597:Extreme Northwestern dialects 3512:in most of the region, i.e., 3349:The preposition (and prefix) 3300:Extreme Northwestern Dialects 2491:History of the Serbian People 2411:in 1868, German cartographer 1876:Northeastern North Macedonia 1700:. It is only rarely that the 7264:Srpski etnos i velikosrpstvo 6427:Srpski etnos i velikosrpstvo 6409:Hrvatsko filološko društvo, 6301:Anzulovic, Branimir (1999). 6110:Selischev, Afanasiy (1930). 5418:Franjo Rački, Josip Torbar, 5332:Klaus Roth, Ulf Brunnbauer, 5057: — the Grandmothers of 3817:), as in standard Bulgarian. 2945:Northern Macedonian dialects 7362:Raychevski, Stoyan (2004). 6512:. Zagreb: Matica hrvatska. 6020:(Map). 1:3,200,000. London. 5674:Edmund O. Stillman (1967). 5441:"shopluk" Google books link 4626:(govorja, prikazvam, dumam) 2684:Republic of North Macedonia 1815:(part of the Small Shopluk) 1809:(part of the Small Shopluk) 1803:(part of the Small Shopluk) 423:People of Bulgarian descent 133:Public holidays in Bulgaria 7472: 6563:Kamusella, Tomasz (2008). 6014:Arrowsmith, Aaron (1798). 5376:Bulgarian folklore regions 5160:Е, те такова животно нема! 2419:in 1876, British mapmaker 2407:in 1867, Czech folklorist 2375:from Niš to Dimitrovgrad. 2086:Bulgarian National Revival 1903:Eastern statistical region 1763:as per Serbian geographer 855:Macedonian Orthodox Church 6272:Cohen, Philip J. (1996). 5825:Seide, Friedrich (1711). 5754:Gerlach, Stephan (1976). 5644:Robert Lee Wolff (1974). 5577:10.1163/9789004250765_010 5541:Balkan studies, Volume 29 4644:(govorim, pričam, zborim) 3836:in Serbian, respectively) 3536:, as in standard Serbian. 3346:in northeastern Bulgaria. 2472:Constantinople Conference 2456:Bulgarian Church struggle 2413:August Heinrich Petermann 2289:as "Bulgarian villages". 337:Bulgarian Orthodox Church 7385:Wilkinson, H.R. (1951). 7345:Namichev, Petar (2005). 5733:Matković, Petar (1890). 5680:. Time Inc. p. 13. 5219:View of a cloud-covered 4487:(it) is raining / rains 4145:(rabotam, činam, pravam) 4109:(činja, pravja, rabotja) 4100:(činim, pravim, rabotim) 3999:(zašto?, za kakvo? što?) 3895:) vs standard Bulgarian 3798:) vs standard Bulgarian 3595:, nor for the Bulgarian 2658:are therefore excluded. 2648:historically been spoken 2275:Luigi Ferdinando Marsili 2207:), a Bulgarian village; 1901:the eastern part of the 1879:the eastern part of the 359:Protestant denominations 7456:Ethnic groups in Serbia 7370:]. Sofia: Balkani. 6472:. Rolls House Pub. Co. 6466:Crawfurd Price (1919). 6411:Filologija, Volumes 1-3 5647:The Balkans in our time 5561:Retrieved 30 March 2023 5492:Hristov, Petko (2019). 4360:(brzam, vo brzanje sum) 3871:), instead of standard 3690:Maleshevo-Pirin dialect 3365:(в града), cf. Serbian 3353:(у) is used instead of 2397:Georgina Muir Mackenzie 2378:With the launch of the 2223:, a Bulgarian village; 2148:. The Oxford historian 2066:Encyclopedia Britannica 1905:(the municipalities of 1883:(the municipalities of 1288:Cultural Heritage sites 6222:Krstic, Dejan (2015). 5612:Balkanistica, Volume 8 5511:Thiers, Henri (1862). 5227: 5127:Anecdotes and proverbs 5104: 4996: 4127:(radim, činim pravim) 4096:чиним, правим, работим 3696:dialect in Serbia use 3567:) is substituted with 3074:The variable known as 2573:Paris Peace Conference 2313:Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui 2081:time immemorial, etc. 2070: 2056: 2003: 1990:French map reflecting 1983: 1975: 1963: 1938:Novo Selo Municipality 1860:the municipalities of 1837:occasionally also the 1831:occasionally also the 1825:occasionally also the 1779: 1680:The boundaries of the 1041:Bosnia and Herzegovina 931:Macedonian nationalism 555:Bosnia and Herzegovina 289:Bessarabian Bulgarians 43: 6697:Also available online 5498:Bulgarian Ethnography 5241:temperature inversion 5218: 5096: 4988: 3117:standard Bulgarian - 3105:in Shopski. Example: 2921:" (western) group of 2703:2011 census in Serbia 2615:Present-day situation 2062: 2051: 1989: 1981: 1969: 1957: 1759: 1441:Eastern Herzegovinian 299:Macedonian Bulgarians 33: 7249:Ethnologia Balkanica 5340:, LIT Verlag Münster 4886:(north & centre) 4696:(centre & south) 4446:(I) feel, (I) touch 4356:брзам, во брзање сум 4077:(hoću, želim, ištem) 4035:(north & centre) 3981:English translation 3978:standard Macedonian 3790:). Example: Shopski 3657:and unlike standard 2949:Eastern South Slavic 2545:Sanjak of Novi Pazar 2325:Niš rebellion (1841) 1942:Radoviš Municipality 1845:Southeastern Serbia 1820:Blagoevgrad Province 1279:Christmas traditions 489:By region or country 279:Anatolian Bulgarians 5100:National Geographic 4834:(north & south) 4105:чиня, правя, работя 3972:standard Bulgarian 3903:) (I will be going) 3718:Elin Pelin dialects 3137:in North Macedonia. 2599:and to the east of 2530:Bulgarian Exarchate 2487:Dimitrije Davidović 2468:Bulgarian Exarchate 2409:Karel Jaromír Erben 2389:Pavel Jozef Šafárik 2090:Bulgarian Exarchate 1960:Dimitrije Davidović 1919:Makedonska Kamenica 1813:Kyustendil Province 1787:Sofia City Province 1740:. In Bulgaria, the 1728:has always denoted 1030:Kosovo and Metohija 926:List of Macedonians 598:Elsewhere in Europe 319:Thracian Bulgarians 294:Dobrujan Bulgarians 7364:Нишавските българи 7255:by Petko Hristov, 6063:Boué, Ami (1854). 5559:Newspaper clipping 5435:Karen Ann Peters, 5228: 5105: 4997: 3869:Elin Pelin dialect 3686:Kyustendil dialect 3483:Kyustendil dialect 3266:Bulgarian dialects 3259:Bulgarian dialects 3244:Bulgarian dialects 3237:Bulgarian dialects 3230:Bulgarian dialects 3000:Bulgarian language 2972:Outer Northwestern 2956:Bulgarian dialects 2937:Torlakian dialects 2923:Bulgarian dialects 2737:(znepolci) around 2640:Torlakian dialects 2537:Congress of Berlin 2132:Konstantin Jireček 2071: 2057: 2004: 1984: 1976: 1964: 1780: 1694:Bulgarian folklore 1436:Šumadija–Vojvodina 500:Macedonia (region) 418:List of Bulgarians 44: 7337:978-954-322-857-7 7268:Google Books link 7212:978-1-4422-4179-4 6895:Cyrillomethodiana 6574:978-0-230-29473-8 6519:978-953-150-840-7 6287:978-0-89096-760-7 6258:978-6-15521-124-9 6037:978-954-529-367-2 5515:. Dramard-Baudry. 5313:Torlakian dialect 4978: 4977: 4906:(jumruk, pesnica) 4897:(pesnica, jumruk) 4456:(vali, ide, kape) 4424:(pipam, dokosvam) 3975:standard Serbian 3306:in Serbia, it is 3257:/nay/, as in all 2939:, along with the 2725:(graovci) around 2595:, thence towards 2478:The Serbian claim 2405:Mikhail Mirkovich 2073:In Bulgaria, the 2038:The evolution in 1789:(villages around 1613: 1612: 1517:Islamic Community 1390:History of Serbia 972: 971: 550:Former Yugoslavia 459: 458: 16:(Redirected from 7463: 7431:Culture in Sofia 7405: 7393: 7381: 7358: 7341: 7317: 7311: 7306: 7304: 7296: 7251:(2005), Vol. 9; 7236: 7224: 7218: 7206:, 3rd ed, 2015, 7202:Raymond Detrez, 7200: 7194: 7191: 7185: 7170: 7164: 7150: 7144: 7130: 7124: 7110: 7104: 7103: 7089: 7088: 7074: 7073: 7059: 7058: 7044: 7043: 7029: 7028: 7014: 7013: 6999: 6998: 6996: 6994: 6980: 6974: 6973: 6959: 6958: 6944: 6943: 6929: 6928: 6914: 6913: 6899: 6898: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6866: 6865: 6851: 6850: 6836: 6835: 6821: 6820: 6813: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6802: 6796:polyglotclub.com 6788: 6782: 6781: 6767: 6766: 6752: 6751: 6737: 6736: 6724: 6718: 6717: 6705: 6699: 6693: 6684: 6683: 6669: 6668: 6654: 6653: 6639: 6638: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6614: 6606: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6589: 6583: 6582: 6560: 6554: 6553: 6541: 6535: 6530: 6524: 6523: 6506:Matasović, Ranko 6502: 6496: 6495: 6484: 6478: 6477: 6463: 6454: 6453:, pp. 202 . 6448: 6442: 6436: 6430: 6424: 6418: 6407: 6401: 6398: 6392: 6389: 6383: 6373: 6367: 6361: 6355: 6349: 6343: 6337: 6331: 6325: 6319: 6318: 6298: 6292: 6291: 6279: 6269: 6263: 6262: 6242: 6236: 6235: 6219: 6213: 6207: 6201: 6196: 6190: 6185: 6179: 6175: 6169: 6157: 6151: 6140: 6134: 6133: 6127: 6119: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6089: 6088: 6082: 6074: 6060: 6054: 6053: 6046: 6040: 6028: 6022: 6021: 6011: 6005: 6004: 5990: 5984: 5983: 5969: 5963: 5962: 5951: 5945: 5944: 5932: 5926: 5925: 5914: 5908: 5907: 5895: 5889: 5888: 5877: 5871: 5870: 5859: 5853: 5852: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5822: 5816: 5815: 5804: 5798: 5797: 5786: 5780: 5779: 5773: 5765: 5751: 5745: 5744: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5671: 5665: 5664: 5641: 5635: 5634: 5628: 5620: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5586: 5580: 5568: 5562: 5556: 5550: 5549: 5535: 5529: 5523: 5517: 5516: 5508: 5502: 5501: 5489: 5478: 5472: 5463: 5457: 5444: 5433: 5427: 5416: 5407: 5398: 5392: 5391: 5384: 5378: 5373: 5367: 5366: 5359: 5353: 5347: 5341: 5330: 5202:Balkan Mountains 5138:Vitosha Mountain 5032:Bulgarian dances 5022:Artistic culture 4971: 4962: 4953: 4944: 4925: 4916: 4907: 4898: 4894: 4887: 4874: 4865: 4856: 4846: 4845:(miška, poganec) 4842: 4835: 4822: 4813: 4808:пас, псето, куче 4804: 4803:(kuče, pes, pse) 4794: 4776: 4767: 4758: 4749: 4735: 4726: 4717: 4708: 4704: 4697: 4690: 4683: 4670: 4645: 4627: 4609: 4571: 4562: 4561:(skačеm, ripim) 4552: 4543: 4529: 4520: 4511: 4510:(vikam, kreštja) 4498: 4484: 4475: 4466: 4457: 4443: 4434: 4425: 4416: 4402: 4393: 4384: 4375: 4361: 4352: 4343: 4334: 4333:(varkam, bǎrzam) 4320: 4311: 4302: 4293: 4279: 4270: 4260: 4251: 4237: 4224: 4215: 4206: 4192: 4183: 4169: 4160: 4159:(prašam, pituem) 4146: 4128: 4110: 4101: 4087: 4078: 4060: 4047: 4043: 4036: 4023: 4010: 4000: 3992: 3963: 3908:renarrative mood 3875:(šte). The form 3684:, the Bulgarian 3655:Moesian dialects 3623:definite article 3606: 3586: 3574: 3570: 3558: 3344:Moesian dialects 3292:definite article 3217: 3213: 3189: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3077: 2976:Western Outlands 2868: 2854: 2840: 2830: 2812: 2802: 2784: 2774: 2764: 2668:sociolinguistics 2417:Heinrich Kiepert 2393:Guillaume Lejean 2032: 2023: 2014: 1897:Staro Nagoričane 1827:Montana Province 1822:as Black Shopluk 1605: 1598: 1591: 1507:Serbian Orthodox 1475:Slavonic-Serbian 1385:History of Serbs 997: 974: 964: 957: 950: 484: 461: 451: 444: 437: 284:Banat Bulgarians 73: 64: 46: 21: 7471: 7470: 7466: 7465: 7464: 7462: 7461: 7460: 7421: 7420: 7412: 7402: 7391: 7384: 7378: 7361: 7344: 7338: 7320: 7307: 7297: 7285: 7272: 7262:Stanko Žuljić, 7245: 7240: 7239: 7225: 7221: 7201: 7197: 7192: 7188: 7171: 7167: 7151: 7147: 7131: 7127: 7111: 7107: 7097: 7092: 7082: 7077: 7067: 7062: 7052: 7047: 7037: 7032: 7022: 7017: 7007: 7002: 6992: 6990: 6982: 6981: 6977: 6967: 6962: 6952: 6947: 6937: 6932: 6922: 6917: 6907: 6902: 6889: 6888: 6884: 6874: 6869: 6859: 6854: 6844: 6839: 6829: 6824: 6815: 6814: 6810: 6800: 6798: 6790: 6789: 6785: 6775: 6770: 6760: 6755: 6745: 6740: 6730: 6725: 6721: 6711: 6706: 6702: 6694: 6687: 6677: 6672: 6662: 6657: 6647: 6642: 6632: 6627: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6608: 6607: 6603: 6595: 6591: 6590: 6586: 6575: 6562: 6561: 6557: 6547: 6542: 6538: 6531: 6527: 6520: 6504: 6503: 6499: 6486: 6485: 6481: 6465: 6464: 6457: 6449: 6445: 6437: 6433: 6425: 6421: 6408: 6404: 6399: 6395: 6390: 6386: 6374: 6370: 6366:, pp. 170. 6364:Raychevski 2004 6362: 6358: 6354:, pp. 149. 6352:Raychevski 2004 6350: 6346: 6342:, pp. 151. 6340:Raychevski 2004 6338: 6334: 6330:, pp. 144. 6328:Raychevski 2004 6326: 6322: 6315: 6300: 6299: 6295: 6288: 6271: 6270: 6266: 6259: 6244: 6243: 6239: 6221: 6220: 6216: 6208: 6204: 6197: 6193: 6186: 6182: 6176: 6172: 6158: 6154: 6141: 6137: 6120: 6109: 6108: 6104: 6096: 6092: 6075: 6062: 6061: 6057: 6048: 6047: 6043: 6029: 6025: 6013: 6012: 6008: 5992: 5991: 5987: 5971: 5970: 5966: 5953: 5952: 5948: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5916: 5915: 5911: 5897: 5896: 5892: 5879: 5878: 5874: 5861: 5860: 5856: 5843: 5842: 5838: 5824: 5823: 5819: 5806: 5805: 5801: 5788: 5787: 5783: 5766: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5732: 5731: 5727: 5715:C. A. Macartney 5709: 5694: 5693: 5689: 5673: 5672: 5668: 5658: 5643: 5642: 5638: 5621: 5608: 5607: 5603: 5588: 5587: 5583: 5569: 5565: 5557: 5553: 5537: 5536: 5532: 5524: 5520: 5510: 5509: 5505: 5500:(in Bulgarian). 5491: 5490: 5481: 5473: 5466: 5458: 5447: 5434: 5430: 5417: 5410: 5399: 5395: 5386: 5385: 5381: 5374: 5370: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5348: 5344: 5331: 5327: 5322: 5309: 5294: 5129: 5113: 5091: 5071: 5055:Bistrishki Babi 5024: 4983: 4969: 4968: 4960: 4959: 4951: 4950: 4943:(košulja, riza) 4942: 4941: 4923: 4922: 4914: 4913: 4905: 4904: 4896: 4895: 4892: 4885: 4872: 4871: 4863: 4862: 4854: 4853: 4844: 4843: 4840: 4833: 4820: 4819: 4811: 4810: 4802: 4801: 4792: 4791: 4774: 4773: 4765: 4764: 4756: 4755: 4747: 4746: 4733: 4732: 4724: 4723: 4715: 4714: 4706: 4705: 4703:(extreme south) 4702: 4695: 4688: 4681: 4668: 4667: 4643: 4642: 4625: 4624: 4607: 4606: 4570:(skokam, ripam) 4569: 4568: 4560: 4559: 4551:(skačam, ripam) 4550: 4549: 4541: 4540: 4527: 4526: 4518: 4517: 4509: 4508: 4496: 4495: 4482: 4481: 4473: 4472: 4464: 4463: 4455: 4454: 4452:вали, иде, капе 4441: 4440: 4432: 4431: 4423: 4422: 4420:пипам, докосвам 4414: 4413: 4400: 4399: 4391: 4390: 4383:(tǎrsja, dirja) 4382: 4381: 4374:(tražim, dirim) 4373: 4372: 4359: 4358: 4350: 4349: 4341: 4340: 4332: 4331: 4318: 4317: 4309: 4308: 4300: 4299: 4291: 4290: 4277: 4276: 4268: 4267: 4258: 4257: 4249: 4248: 4235: 4234: 4222: 4221: 4213: 4212: 4204: 4203: 4190: 4189: 4182:(pitam pitujem) 4181: 4180: 4167: 4166: 4158: 4157: 4144: 4143: 4126: 4125: 4108: 4107: 4099: 4098: 4085: 4084: 4076: 4075: 4059:(iskam, želaja) 4058: 4057: 4045: 4044: 4041: 4034: 4021: 4020: 4008: 4007: 3998: 3997: 3990: 3989: 3958: 3949: 3771: 3766: 3635:Ihtiman dialect 3618: 3587:) for both the 3548: 3543: 3324:Ihtiman dialect 3304:Torlak dialects 3225: 3113:(пресно млеко) 3056: 3051: 2983:Torlak dialects 2896:North Macedonia 2747:Balkan mountain 2715: 2617: 2502:Ilija Garašanin 2480: 2421:Edward Stanford 2321:Sanjak of Sofia 2215:; Dragomanlii ( 2185:Stephan Gerlach 2159: 2150:C. A. Macartney 2046: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2035: 2034: 2033: 2025: 2024: 2016: 2015: 1992:Ilija Garašanin 1952: 1839:Vratsa Province 1807:Pernik Province 1754: 1722:North Macedonia 1720:, Bulgaria and 1710: 1660:North Macedonia 1609: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1533: 1531:Related nations 1523: 1522: 1521: 1512:Catholic Church 1501: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1463:Church Slavonic 1451:Smederevo–Vršac 1411: 1401: 1400: 1399: 1369: 1359: 1358: 1357: 1256: 1246: 1245: 1244: 1104: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1062:North Macedonia 1005: 968: 936:Public holidays 906: 880: 861:Catholic Church 837: 821: 805: 789: 760: 739: 718: 694: 678: 646: 630: 588: 572: 533: 510:North Macedonia 455: 352:Greek-Catholics 347:Catholic Church 209:North Macedonia 62: 61: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7469: 7467: 7459: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7436:Sofia Province 7433: 7423: 7422: 7419: 7418: 7411: 7410:External links 7408: 7407: 7406: 7400: 7382: 7376: 7359: 7342: 7336: 7318: 7283: 7270: 7260: 7244: 7241: 7238: 7237: 7219: 7195: 7186: 7184:, pp. 260-261. 7165: 7145: 7125: 7105: 7090: 7075: 7060: 7045: 7030: 7015: 7000: 6975: 6960: 6945: 6930: 6915: 6900: 6882: 6867: 6852: 6837: 6822: 6808: 6783: 6768: 6753: 6738: 6719: 6700: 6685: 6670: 6655: 6640: 6625: 6601: 6584: 6573: 6555: 6546:, pp. 11. 6536: 6525: 6518: 6497: 6488:Crystal, David 6479: 6455: 6451:Wilkinson 1951 6443: 6431: 6419: 6402: 6393: 6384: 6368: 6356: 6344: 6332: 6320: 6313: 6293: 6286: 6264: 6257: 6237: 6214: 6212:, pp. 39. 6210:Wilkinson 1951 6202: 6191: 6180: 6170: 6152: 6135: 6102: 6098:Wilkinson 1951 6090: 6055: 6041: 6023: 6006: 5985: 5964: 5946: 5927: 5909: 5890: 5872: 5854: 5836: 5817: 5799: 5781: 5746: 5725: 5707: 5687: 5666: 5656: 5636: 5601: 5581: 5563: 5551: 5530: 5518: 5503: 5479: 5464: 5445: 5428: 5408: 5393: 5379: 5368: 5365:. 28 May 2023. 5354: 5342: 5324: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5316: 5308: 5305: 5293: 5290: 5289: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5282: 5279: 5276: 5273: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5246: 5245: 5244: 5233: 5232: 5213: 5212: 5205: 5192: 5191: 5190: 5189: 5183: 5182: 5173: 5172: 5171: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5155: 5154: 5153: 5152: 5146: 5145: 5128: 5125: 5112: 5109: 5090: 5087: 5075:Central Europe 5070: 5067: 5051:Poduenski Babi 5023: 5020: 4982: 4979: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4970:(košula, riza) 4963: 4954: 4945: 4930: 4929: 4926: 4917: 4908: 4902:юмрук, песница 4899: 4879: 4878: 4875: 4866: 4857: 4848: 4827: 4826: 4823: 4814: 4805: 4798:куче, пес, псе 4795: 4781: 4780: 4777: 4768: 4759: 4750: 4740: 4739: 4736: 4727: 4718: 4709: 4675: 4674: 4671: 4646: 4628: 4610: 4576: 4575: 4572: 4563: 4553: 4544: 4534: 4533: 4530: 4521: 4519:(vičem, vikam) 4512: 4499: 4489: 4488: 4485: 4476: 4467: 4458: 4448: 4447: 4444: 4435: 4426: 4417: 4407: 4406: 4403: 4394: 4385: 4376: 4366: 4365: 4362: 4353: 4344: 4335: 4329:варкам, бързам 4325: 4324: 4321: 4319:(jadam, ručam) 4312: 4310:(jedem, ručam) 4303: 4294: 4292:(jadem, ručam) 4284: 4283: 4280: 4271: 4269:(spavam, spim) 4261: 4252: 4250:(spijem, spim) 4242: 4241: 4238: 4236:(čuvam, pazam) 4225: 4223:(čuvam, pazim) 4216: 4207: 4205:(čuvam, pazim) 4197: 4196: 4193: 4184: 4170: 4161: 4155:прашам, питуем 4151: 4150: 4147: 4129: 4111: 4102: 4092: 4091: 4088: 4079: 4061: 4048: 4046:(sakam, iskam) 4028: 4027: 4024: 4022:(zošto?, oti?) 4011: 4009:(zašto?, što?) 4002: 3993: 3983: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3973: 3970: 3957: 3954: 3948: 3947:Other features 3945: 3944: 3943: 3904: 3837: 3818: 3807: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3761: 3760: 3737: 3678: 3675:otivam v grada 3671:otivam u grado 3661:, where it is 3617: 3614: 3613: 3612: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3538: 3537: 3502: 3479: 3456: 3389: 3370: 3347: 3288: 3269: 3262: 3247: 3240: 3233: 3224: 3221: 3220: 3219: 3194:in Shopski is 3182: 3167: 3164:dynamic stress 3160: 3153: 3138: 3119:prjasno mljako 3072: 3067:(t͡ʃ~d͡ʒ) and 3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3043:Stoyko Stoykov 3010:, Kyustendil, 2714: 2711: 2690:) identify as 2649: 2645: 2616: 2613: 2518:Serbian Empire 2484:prime minister 2479: 2476: 2448:Gate of Trajan 2384:Ottoman Empire 2248:Louis Deshayes 2199:); "Ihtimon" ( 2193:Constantinople 2189:Central Europe 2158: 2155: 2101:Yosif Kovachev 2037: 2036: 2027: 2026: 2018: 2017: 2009: 2008: 2007: 2006: 2005: 1951: 1950:Classification 1948: 1947: 1946: 1945: 1944: 1934: 1899: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1858: 1852: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1835: 1833:Vidin Province 1829: 1823: 1816: 1810: 1804: 1801:Sofia Province 1798: 1753: 1750: 1709: 1706: 1669:) identify as 1611: 1610: 1608: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1570: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1556: 1555: 1549: 1548: 1542: 1541: 1535: 1534: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1503: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1488: 1487: 1482: 1480:Serbo-Croatian 1477: 1472: 1471: 1470: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1432: 1431: 1426: 1420: 1419: 1413: 1412: 1407: 1406: 1403: 1402: 1398: 1397: 1395:Serbian rulers 1392: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1371: 1370: 1365: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1355: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1327: 1326: 1321: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1312: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1282: 1281: 1276: 1265: 1264: 1258: 1257: 1252: 1251: 1248: 1247: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1201: 1200: 1198:United Kingdom 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1058: 1051: 1044: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1026: 1016: 1015: 1007: 1006: 1003: 1002: 999: 998: 990: 989: 983: 982: 970: 969: 967: 966: 959: 952: 944: 941: 940: 939: 938: 933: 928: 923: 915: 914: 910: 909: 908: 907: 905: 904: 899: 894: 888: 886: 881: 879: 878: 875:Greek Catholic 872: 870:Latin Catholic 865: 863: 858: 848: 847: 841: 840: 839: 838: 836: 835: 830: 824: 822: 820: 819: 814: 808: 806: 804: 803: 798: 792: 790: 788: 787: 782: 776: 771: 770: 764: 763: 762: 761: 759: 758: 753: 748: 742: 740: 738: 737: 732: 726: 721: 720: 719:related groups 714: 713: 712: 711: 706: 698: 697: 696: 695: 693: 692: 687: 681: 679: 677: 676: 670: 668: 660: 659: 658: 657: 655:United Kingdom 652: 647: 645: 644: 639: 633: 631: 629: 628: 623: 617: 615: 610: 608:Czech Republic 605: 600: 592: 591: 590: 589: 587: 586: 581: 575: 573: 571: 570: 565: 559: 557: 552: 544: 543: 537: 536: 535: 534: 532: 531: 526: 521: 515: 513: 503: 502: 496: 495: 491: 490: 486: 485: 477: 476: 470: 469: 457: 456: 454: 453: 446: 439: 431: 428: 427: 426: 425: 420: 412: 411: 407: 406: 405: 404: 403: 402: 397: 392: 387: 377: 369: 368: 364: 363: 362: 361: 356: 355: 354: 344: 339: 331: 330: 324: 323: 322: 321: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 273: 272: 268: 267: 266: 265: 260: 258:United Kingdom 255: 254: 253: 243: 238: 237: 236: 226: 221: 216: 211: 206: 201: 196: 191: 186: 181: 176: 171: 169:Czechoslovakia 166: 161: 156: 151: 143: 142: 138: 137: 136: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 100: 95: 90: 82: 81: 75: 74: 66: 65: 55: 54: 40:Tran, Bulgaria 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7468: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7428: 7426: 7417: 7414: 7413: 7409: 7403: 7401:9780853230724 7397: 7390: 7389: 7383: 7379: 7377:954-8353-79-2 7373: 7369: 7365: 7360: 7356: 7352: 7348: 7343: 7339: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7324: 7319: 7315: 7302: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7284:954-90344-1-0 7280: 7276: 7271: 7269: 7265: 7261: 7258: 7254: 7250: 7247: 7246: 7242: 7234: 7231: 7228: 7227:Shopski Cove. 7223: 7220: 7217: 7213: 7209: 7205: 7199: 7196: 7190: 7187: 7183: 7182:9786191860906 7179: 7175: 7169: 7166: 7163: 7159: 7155: 7149: 7146: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7129: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7109: 7106: 7101: 7095: 7091: 7086: 7080: 7076: 7071: 7065: 7061: 7056: 7050: 7046: 7041: 7035: 7031: 7026: 7020: 7016: 7011: 7005: 7001: 6989: 6985: 6979: 6976: 6971: 6965: 6961: 6956: 6950: 6946: 6941: 6935: 6931: 6926: 6920: 6916: 6911: 6905: 6901: 6896: 6892: 6886: 6883: 6878: 6872: 6868: 6863: 6857: 6853: 6848: 6842: 6838: 6833: 6827: 6823: 6818: 6812: 6809: 6797: 6793: 6787: 6784: 6779: 6773: 6769: 6764: 6758: 6754: 6749: 6743: 6739: 6734: 6728: 6723: 6720: 6715: 6709: 6704: 6701: 6698: 6692: 6690: 6686: 6681: 6675: 6671: 6666: 6660: 6656: 6651: 6645: 6641: 6636: 6630: 6626: 6611: 6605: 6602: 6594: 6588: 6585: 6581: 6576: 6570: 6566: 6559: 6556: 6551: 6545: 6540: 6537: 6534: 6529: 6526: 6521: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6501: 6498: 6493: 6489: 6483: 6480: 6476: 6471: 6470: 6462: 6460: 6456: 6452: 6447: 6444: 6441: 6435: 6432: 6428: 6423: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6403: 6397: 6394: 6388: 6385: 6381: 6377: 6372: 6369: 6365: 6360: 6357: 6353: 6348: 6345: 6341: 6336: 6333: 6329: 6324: 6321: 6316: 6314:0-8147-0671-1 6310: 6306: 6305: 6297: 6294: 6289: 6283: 6278: 6277: 6268: 6265: 6260: 6254: 6250: 6249: 6241: 6238: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6218: 6215: 6211: 6206: 6203: 6200: 6195: 6192: 6189: 6184: 6181: 6174: 6171: 6167: 6163: 6156: 6153: 6149: 6145: 6139: 6136: 6131: 6125: 6117: 6113: 6106: 6103: 6099: 6094: 6091: 6086: 6080: 6072: 6068: 6067: 6059: 6056: 6051: 6045: 6042: 6038: 6034: 6027: 6024: 6019: 6018: 6010: 6007: 6002: 5998: 5997: 5989: 5986: 5981: 5977: 5976: 5968: 5965: 5960: 5956: 5950: 5947: 5942: 5938: 5931: 5928: 5923: 5919: 5913: 5910: 5905: 5901: 5894: 5891: 5886: 5882: 5876: 5873: 5868: 5864: 5858: 5855: 5850: 5846: 5840: 5837: 5832: 5828: 5821: 5818: 5813: 5809: 5803: 5800: 5795: 5791: 5785: 5782: 5777: 5771: 5763: 5759: 5758: 5750: 5747: 5742: 5738: 5737: 5729: 5726: 5722: 5721: 5716: 5710: 5704: 5700: 5699: 5691: 5688: 5684: 5679: 5678: 5670: 5667: 5663: 5659: 5657:9780674060517 5653: 5649: 5648: 5640: 5637: 5632: 5626: 5619: 5614: 5613: 5605: 5602: 5598: 5593: 5592: 5585: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5567: 5564: 5560: 5555: 5552: 5548: 5543: 5542: 5534: 5531: 5527: 5522: 5519: 5514: 5507: 5504: 5499: 5495: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5477: 5471: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5460:Namichev 2005 5456: 5454: 5452: 5450: 5446: 5442: 5438: 5432: 5429: 5425: 5421: 5415: 5413: 5409: 5406: 5403: 5397: 5394: 5389: 5383: 5380: 5377: 5372: 5369: 5364: 5358: 5355: 5351: 5346: 5343: 5339: 5335: 5329: 5326: 5319: 5314: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5304: 5302: 5298: 5291: 5283: 5280: 5277: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5249: 5248: 5242: 5237: 5236: 5235: 5234: 5230: 5229: 5226: 5222: 5217: 5210: 5206: 5203: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5187: 5186: 5185: 5184: 5180: 5175: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5166: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5148: 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5130: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5117: 5110: 5108: 5102: 5101: 5095: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5083:Balkantourist 5080: 5079:Shopska salad 5076: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5029: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5016: 5009: 5007: 5003: 4995:(round dance) 4994: 4993: 4987: 4980: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4958: 4955: 4949: 4946: 4939: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4921: 4918: 4912: 4909: 4903: 4900: 4891: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4876: 4870: 4867: 4861: 4858: 4852: 4849: 4839: 4832: 4829: 4828: 4824: 4818: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4799: 4796: 4790: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4772: 4769: 4763: 4760: 4754: 4751: 4745: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4731: 4728: 4722: 4719: 4713: 4710: 4701: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4672: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4647: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4611: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4567: 4566:скокам, рипам 4564: 4557: 4556:скачем, рипим 4554: 4548: 4547:скачам, рипам 4545: 4539: 4536: 4535: 4531: 4525: 4522: 4516: 4513: 4507: 4503: 4500: 4497:(okam, vikam) 4494: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4480: 4477: 4471: 4468: 4462: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4449: 4445: 4439: 4436: 4430: 4427: 4421: 4418: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4404: 4398: 4395: 4389: 4386: 4380: 4377: 4371: 4370:тражим, дирим 4368: 4367: 4363: 4357: 4354: 4348: 4345: 4339: 4336: 4330: 4327: 4326: 4322: 4316: 4313: 4307: 4304: 4298: 4295: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4281: 4275: 4272: 4265: 4262: 4256: 4253: 4247: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4220: 4217: 4211: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4194: 4188: 4185: 4178: 4174: 4171: 4165: 4162: 4156: 4153: 4152: 4148: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4130: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4112: 4106: 4103: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4089: 4083: 4080: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4062: 4056: 4052: 4049: 4040: 4033: 4030: 4029: 4025: 4019: 4015: 4012: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3994: 3988: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3964: 3961: 3955: 3953: 3946: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3849:Sofia dialect 3846: 3842: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3819: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3754: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3694:Timok-Luznica 3691: 3687: 3683: 3679: 3676: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3619: 3615: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3584: 3578: 3566: 3562: 3556: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3540: 3535: 3531: 3527: 3523: 3519: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3461: 3457: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3245: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3231: 3227: 3226: 3222: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3165: 3161: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3147: 3144:in Shopski - 3143: 3139: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3115:compared with 3112: 3108: 3084: 3081: 3080:Old Bulgarian 3073: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3057: 3053: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3039: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2952: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2928:Balkan Slavic 2924: 2920: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2908:Kriva Palanka 2905: 2901: 2897: 2894:) in eastern 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2866: 2859: 2855: 2852: 2845: 2841: 2835: 2831: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2807: 2803: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2782: 2775: 2772: 2765: 2762: 2755: 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2704: 2699: 2697: 2693: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2672: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2657: 2653: 2647: 2643: 2641: 2636: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2576: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2557: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2521: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2485: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2443: 2441: 2440:Šar Mountains 2437: 2433: 2429: 2424: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2385: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2317:Sanjak of Niš 2314: 2309: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2298:Sublime Porte 2295: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2240: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2156: 2154: 2153:description. 2151: 2147: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2128: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2093: 2091: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2076: 2068: 2067: 2061: 2055: 2054:Yordan Ivanov 2050: 2041: 2031: 2022: 2013: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1988: 1980: 1973: 1968: 1961: 1956: 1949: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1889:Kriva Palanka 1886: 1882: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1821: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1796: 1793:, capital of 1792: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1782: 1781: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1686:City of Sofia 1683: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1663: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1648: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1606: 1601: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1587: 1586: 1584: 1583: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1527: 1526: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1495: 1494: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1466: 1465: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1446:Prizren-Timok 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1405: 1404: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1373: 1372: 1368: 1363: 1362: 1354: 1351: 1350: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1249: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1235:United States 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1206: 1205: 1199: 1196: 1194: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1103: 1098: 1097: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1063: 1059: 1057: 1056: 1052: 1050: 1049: 1045: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1031: 1027: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1008: 1001: 1000: 996: 992: 991: 988: 984: 980: 976: 975: 965: 960: 958: 953: 951: 946: 945: 943: 942: 937: 934: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 918: 917: 916: 911: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 889: 887: 885: 884:Protestantism 882: 876: 873: 871: 867: 866: 864: 862: 859: 857: 856: 852: 851: 850: 849: 846: 842: 834: 831: 829: 826: 825: 823: 818: 815: 813: 810: 809: 807: 802: 799: 797: 794: 793: 791: 786: 783: 781: 778: 777: 775: 774: 773: 772: 769: 765: 757: 754: 752: 749: 747: 744: 743: 741: 736: 733: 731: 728: 727: 725: 724: 723: 722: 717:Subgroups and 715: 710: 707: 705: 702: 701: 700: 699: 691: 690:United States 688: 686: 683: 682: 680: 675: 672: 671: 669: 667: 664: 663: 662: 661: 656: 653: 651: 648: 643: 640: 638: 635: 634: 632: 627: 624: 622: 619: 618: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 595: 594: 593: 585: 582: 580: 577: 576: 574: 569: 566: 564: 561: 560: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 547: 546: 545: 542: 539: 538: 530: 527: 525: 522: 520: 517: 516: 514: 512: 511: 507: 506: 505: 504: 501: 498: 497: 493: 492: 487: 483: 479: 478: 475: 471: 467: 463: 462: 452: 447: 445: 440: 438: 433: 432: 430: 429: 424: 421: 419: 416: 415: 414: 413: 408: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 382: 381: 378: 376: 373: 372: 371: 370: 365: 360: 357: 353: 350: 349: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 334: 333: 332: 329: 325: 320: 317: 315: 312: 310: 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 285: 282: 280: 277: 276: 275: 274: 269: 264: 263:United States 261: 259: 256: 252: 249: 248: 247: 244: 242: 239: 235: 232: 231: 230: 229:South America 227: 225: 222: 220: 217: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 165: 162: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 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Retrieved 6987: 6978: 6963: 6948: 6933: 6918: 6903: 6894: 6885: 6870: 6855: 6840: 6825: 6811: 6799:. Retrieved 6795: 6786: 6771: 6756: 6741: 6722: 6703: 6673: 6658: 6643: 6628: 6616:. Retrieved 6604: 6587: 6578: 6564: 6558: 6539: 6528: 6509: 6500: 6491: 6482: 6473: 6468: 6446: 6434: 6426: 6422: 6410: 6405: 6396: 6387: 6379: 6376:Felix Kanitz 6371: 6359: 6347: 6335: 6323: 6303: 6296: 6275: 6267: 6247: 6240: 6231: 6227: 6217: 6205: 6194: 6183: 6173: 6155: 6150:, pp. 94-96. 6138: 6115: 6111: 6105: 6093: 6070: 6065: 6058: 6044: 6026: 6016: 6009: 6000: 5995: 5988: 5979: 5974: 5967: 5958: 5954: 5949: 5940: 5936: 5930: 5921: 5917: 5912: 5903: 5899: 5893: 5884: 5880: 5875: 5866: 5862: 5857: 5848: 5844: 5839: 5830: 5826: 5820: 5811: 5807: 5802: 5793: 5789: 5784: 5761: 5756: 5749: 5740: 5735: 5728: 5718: 5712: 5697: 5690: 5681: 5676: 5669: 5661: 5646: 5639: 5616: 5611: 5604: 5595: 5590: 5584: 5566: 5554: 5545: 5540: 5533: 5525: 5521: 5512: 5506: 5497: 5436: 5431: 5419: 5401: 5396: 5382: 5371: 5357: 5349: 5345: 5333: 5328: 5297:Shopski Cove 5295: 5221:Sofia Valley 5197:Sofia Valley 5178: 5159: 5141: 5118: 5114: 5106: 5098: 5072: 5048: 5025: 5013: 5010: 4998: 4990: 4966:кошула, риза 4965: 4956: 4947: 4937: 4933: 4919: 4910: 4901: 4889: 4882: 4868: 4859: 4850: 4837: 4830: 4816: 4807: 4800:(pejorative) 4797: 4788: 4784: 4770: 4761: 4752: 4743: 4738:maize, corn 4729: 4720: 4711: 4699: 4692: 4685: 4678: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4638: 4634: 4630: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4583: 4579: 4565: 4555: 4546: 4537: 4523: 4515:вичем, викам 4514: 4505: 4501: 4492: 4478: 4469: 4465:(vali, kape) 4460: 4451: 4442:(čuvstvuvam) 4437: 4428: 4419: 4410: 4396: 4387: 4378: 4369: 4355: 4346: 4337: 4328: 4315:jадам, ручам 4314: 4306:jедем, ручам 4305: 4296: 4287: 4273: 4264:спавам, спим 4263: 4254: 4246:спийем, спим 4245: 4231: 4227: 4219:чувам, пазим 4218: 4209: 4201:чувам, пазим 4200: 4186: 4176: 4172: 4163: 4154: 4149:(I) do/make 4139: 4135: 4131: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4104: 4095: 4081: 4071: 4067: 4063: 4054: 4050: 4038: 4031: 4017: 4013: 4005:зашто?, што? 4004: 3995: 3986: 3966: 3959: 3950: 3939: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3852: 3844: 3840: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3814: 3810: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3739:In the past 3734:Rup dialects 3729: 3725: 3721: 3701: 3697: 3674: 3670: 3669:). Example: 3666: 3662: 3650: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3579:which have ( 3533: 3529: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3498: 3494: 3490: 3486: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3392: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3366: 3362: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3342:) as in the 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3311: 3307: 3295: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3254: 3250: 3207: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3118: 3114: 3111:presno mleko 3110: 3106: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3040: 2996: 2980: 2968:Northwestern 2964:Southwestern 2953: 2926: 2916: 2903: 2899: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2861: 2857: 2847: 2843: 2837: 2833: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2809: 2805: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2777: 2767: 2757: 2753: 2751: 2742: 2734: 2722: 2716: 2700: 2673: 2660: 2637: 2633:Dimitrovgrad 2618: 2589:Belogradchik 2577: 2569:Jovan Cvijić 2564: 2558: 2553:Felix Kanitz 2541:Great Powers 2534: 2522: 2499: 2495:Vuk Karadžić 2490: 2481: 2444: 2425: 2401:Paulina Irby 2377: 2349:Dimitrovgrad 2345:Bela Palanka 2310: 2291: 2287:Dimitrovgrad 2267:Bela Palanka 2256: 2241: 2229:Bela Palanka 2221:Dimitrovgrad 2183: 2160: 2143: 2140: 2129: 2094: 2083: 2079: 2074: 2072: 2064: 2040:Jovan Cvijić 1866:Dimitrovgrad 1765:Jovan Cvijić 1760: 1752:Shopluk area 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1713: 1711: 1701: 1690:Sofia Valley 1688:, i.e., the 1681: 1679: 1664: 1658:and Eastern 1650:(Шоплук), a 1646: 1645: 1640: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1624:South Slavic 1619: 1615: 1614: 1574:Montenegrins 1485:South Slavic 1293:Architecture 1230:South Africa 1203: 1202: 1107: 1060: 1053: 1046: 1039: 1028: 1021: 1010: 913:Other topics 853: 755: 703: 665: 597: 549: 508: 313: 35: 7446:South Slavs 5677:The Balkans 5258:themselves. 5134:Iskar River 5028:heroic epic 4821:(pes, kuče) 4793:(pse, kuče) 4493:окам, викам 4474:(pada kiša) 4405:(I) search 4379:търся, диря 4364:(I) search 4288:ядем, ручам 4266:(obsolete) 3889:ке ода/одим 3755:('гледах), 3747:(гле'дах), 3185:Palatalized 3109:in Shopski 2605:Iskar banks 2510:South Slavs 2506:Načertanije 2357:Blagoevgrad 2250:, Baron de 2127:" dialect. 2107:in Eastern 2000:South Slavs 1996:Načertanije 1730:highlanders 1567:Macedonians 1539:South Slavs 1310:Epic poetry 1225:New Zealand 1183:Switzerland 650:Switzerland 474:Macedonians 7425:Categories 7310:|url= 7158:1892123851 7141:0313376263 7121:9287157448 6988:ibl.bas.bg 6178:Nat. 1848. 6166:8670051257 6148:8676600554 5708:0891585303 5420:Književnik 5320:References 5301:Antarctica 5121:Elin Pelin 5116:Bulgaria. 5065:villages. 5012:families ( 5006:Embroidery 4989:A Shopluk 4924:(tupanica) 4716:(carevica) 4673:(I) speak 4657:прикажувам 4623:(obsolete) 4558:(obsolete) 4532:(I) shout 4461:вали, капе 4438:чувствувам 4282:(I) sleep 4191:(prašuvam) 4179:(obsolete) 4074:(obsolete) 3956:Vocabulary 3938:(mislel), 3934:(pishel), 3930:(dadyal), 3922:(mislil), 3891:(ше) ода ( 3769:Morphology 3659:Macedonian 3616:Morphology 3423:, whereas 3298:). 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