533:, or "boot". A transmitter with a thin wire is placed around the perimeter of the parking lot, and the boot locks when the cart leaves the designated area. Store personnel must then deactivate the lock with a handheld remote control to return the cart to stock. Often, a line is painted in front of the broadcast range to warn customers that their cart will stop when rolled past the line. However, these systems are very expensive to install and although helpful, are not foolproof. The wheels can be lifted over the electronic barrier and/or pushed hard enough that the locks break. There are also safety concerns if the person pushing the trolley is running, and also if the trolley doesn't lock and is taken onto a road, locking due to magnetic materials under the road. Some cities have required retailers to install locking wheel systems on their shopping carts. In some cases, electronic systems companies have encouraged passage of such laws to create a captive audience of potential customers.
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another cart for compact storage via a swinging one-way rear door. The swinging rear door formed the basis of the patent claim, and was a major innovation in the evolution of the modern shopping cart. Watson applied for a patent on his shopping cart invention in 1946, but
Goldman contested it and filed an application for a similar patent with the swinging door feature on a shopping cart with only one basket in 1948 which Goldman named the "Nest-Kart". After considerable litigation and allegations of patent infringement, Goldman relinquished his rights to the patent in 1949 to Watson and his company, Telescope Carts, Inc. realizing that the swinging rear door feature was the key to Watson's patent. Watson was awarded patent #2,479,530 on August 16, 1949. In exchange, Goldman was granted an exclusive licensing right in addition to the three other licenses previously granted; Telescope Carts, Inc. continued to receive
210:. One night, in 1936, Goldman sat in his office wondering how customers might move more groceries. He found a wooden folding chair and put a basket on the seat and wheels on the legs. Goldman and one of his employees, a mechanic named Fred Young, began tinkering. Their first shopping cart was a metal frame that held two wire baskets. Since they were inspired by the folding chair, Goldman called his carts "folding basket carriers". Another mechanic, Arthur Kosted, developed a method to mass-produce the carts by inventing an assembly line capable of forming and welding the wire. The cart was awarded patent number 2,196,914 on April 9, 1940 (Filing date: March 14, 1938), titled, "Folding Basket Carriage for Self-Service Stores". They advertised the invention as part of a new "No Basket Carrying Plan". Goldman had already pioneered self-serve stores and carts were part of the self-serve retail concept.
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2190:, who actually coined the term. He regards the Consumer's Rest as a work of conceptual art which critiques design, remarking: 'In the beginning, I simply wanted to transcycle a standard shopping cart into an authentistic Wire Chair imitation. After all, it was Eames and Bertoia, not me, who redesigned shopping carts as furniture. And they did so in a country and at a time when wastefully packaged mass consumption and overflowing shopping carts weren't yet considered antisocial but rather an aspirational lifestyle in an era of booming capitalism.' Indeed, Charles Eames mentioned the construction principle of the shopping trolley as one of his inspirations for the Wire Chair (>477)." (in:
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the double-decker feature, which he called the "Nest-Kart" in 1948, over one year after Watson filed for his patent. The Nest-Kart incorporated the same nesting mechanism present on the shopping carts designed by Watson, and an interference investigation was ordered by
Telescope Carts, Inc. alleging infringement of the patent in 1948. After a protracted legal battle, Goldman ultimately recognized Watson's invention and paid one dollar in damages for counterfeit, in exchange for which Watson granted Goldman an exclusive operating license (apart from the three licenses that had already been granted).
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458:, token or card, which is returned if and when the customer returns the cart to a designated cart parking point. The system works through a lock mounted on the handle of the cart, connecting it to a chain mounted on the cart in front of it when nested together, or to a chain mounted on a cart collection corral. Inserting the token unlocks the chain, and reinserting the chain locks it in place and ejects the token for user to retrieve.
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The invention did not catch on immediately. Men found them effeminate; women found them suggestive of a baby carriage. "I've pushed my last baby," an offended woman informed
Goldman. After hiring several male and female models to push his new invention around his store and demonstrate their utility,
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Most retailers in North
America utilize a cart retrieval service, which collects carts found off the store's premises and returns them to the store for a fee. The primary strength of this system is the ability of pedestrian customers to take purchases home and allow retailers to recapture abandoned
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owner in Kansas City, and George O'Donnell, a grocery store refrigeration salesman, and the incorporation of Watson's swinging door yielded the familiar nesting cart that we see today using the "double-decker" approach. Goldman patented a similar version of the cart with only one basket rather than
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at the front, while the rear wheels are fixed in orientation, while in Europe it is more common to have four swivel wheels. This difference in design correlates with smaller retail premises in Europe. The front part of the cart is often sectioned off in order to place household goods such as bleach,
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represents another step in the evolution of shopping carts. Equipped with a tablet, barcode scanner, and cashierless checkout system, the smart shopping cart aims to provide customers with a more streamlined and convenient shopping experience. The system utilizes computer vision to accurately track
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As of 2006, approximately 24,000 children are injured in the United States each year in shopping carts. Some stores both in the U.S. and internationally have child carrying carts that look like a car or van with a seat where a child can sit equipped with a steering wheel and sometimes a horn. Such
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One motivation behind the deposit system is to reduce the expense of employees having to gather carts that are not returned, and to avoid damage done by runaway carts. Another benefit is that carts are less likely to be removed from the store premises and abandoned in the surrounding neighborhood.
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devised a system for a telescoping (i.e., "nesting") shopping cart which did not require assembly or disassembly of its parts before and after use like
Goldman's cart; Goldman's design up until this point required that the cart be unfolded much like a folding chair. This cart could be fitted into
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In 1909, Bessie DeCamp invented a seat belt for chairs, go-carts or carriages. This was well before shopping carts with child seating areas were invented. Goldman introduced a child seating area on shopping carts in 1947. For whatever reason, it wasn't until 1967 that seat belts for shopping carts
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carts in a timely manner at a fraction of the cost of a replacement cart. It also allows retailers to maintain their cart inventories without an expensive capital outlay. A drawback of this method is that it is reactive, instead of proactively preventing the carts from leaving the store premises.
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Owing to its overwhelming success, many different manufacturers desired to produce shopping carts with the rear swinging door feature but were denied due to the exclusive license issued to
Goldman. The federal government filed a lawsuit against Telescope Carts, Inc. in 1950 alleging the exclusive
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Shopping cart theft can be a costly problem with stores that use them. The carts, which typically cost between $ 75 and $ 150 each, with some models costing $ 300–400, are removed by people for various purposes. To prevent theft, estimated at $ 800 million worldwide per annum, stores use various
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Most modern shopping carts are made of metal or a combination of metal and plastic and have been designed to nest within each other in a line to facilitate collecting and moving many at one time and also to save on storage space. The carts can come in many sizes, with larger ones able to carry a
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In 2012, a driverless shopping cart was made by
Chaotic Moon Labs. The device, called "Project Sk8" or "Smarter Cart" was basically a cart fitted with Windows Kinect (to detect obstacles), and an electric drivetrain, and used in conjunction with a Windows 8 tablet. For smaller stores, shopping
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with the only metal part being the wheel axles, drawing away from the established metal cart design. Target's cart has won design awards for its improved casters, interchangeable plastic parts to simplify repairs, and handles that improve maneuverability. Other cart designs also incorporate
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Manually powered carts are also available specifically designed for use by wheelchair users. A still-to-be-implemented aid for people with disabilities is the addition of a guide wheel at the center of rotation of a cart with four caster wheels. In order to allow the nesting of carts to be
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A low-tech form of theft prevention utilizes a physical impediment, such as vertical posts at the store entrance to keep carts from being taken into the parking lot. This method also impedes physically disabled customers, which may be illegal in many jurisdictions. For example, in the
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In many cases, customers can then also use the cart to transport their purchased goods to their vehicles. However, some carts are designed to prevent them from leaving either the store or the designated parking area by magnetically locking the wheels. In many places in the
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style system. All pedestrian exits have specially designed flooring tiles, which, along with specially designed wheels on the cart, will immobilize the cart as they roll onto them. Like the magnetic systems, this can easily be overcome by lifting the cart over the tiles.
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In
Australia, deposit systems are common in some local government areas, as they have been made compulsory by local law. Usually, all ALDI stores, and most Coles and Woolworths stores will have a lock mechanism on their carts that requires a $ 1 or $ 2 coin to unlock.
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recurred to the fact that Eames' and
Bertoia's wire furniture were already over-aestheticized adaptations of the contemporary advent of shopping carts in the United States, and thus were themselves already recursions to the consumer revolutionary context of the
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stores to support the digital in-store shopping experience. The shelf was invented and designed by Nick Dyer, a former employee of Target. The introduction of "EASY Shopper" in 2019 by
Pentland Firth Software GmbH in partnership with the German retailer
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for each cart produced by Goldman's company that incorporated the "nesting" design. This included any shopping cart utilizing his hinged rear door, including the familiar single basket "nesting" designs similar to those used in the present.
500:), or even appropriately folded pieces of cardboard can be used to unlock the carts as well. Cart collectors are also usually provided with a special key that they can use to unlock the carts from the cart bay and get the key back.
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trialed shopping carts with user-adjustable wheel resistance, heart rate monitoring and calorie counting hardware in an effort to raise awareness of health issues. The cart's introduction coincided with Tesco's sponsorship of
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suffered lower sales in comparison to retailers who did use shopping carts. Subsequent to the introduction of shopping carts and centralized checkout lines at Sears stores, the company noticed a correlating increase in sales.
469:, which require a $ 0.25 deposit. One of the first store chains to use the $ 0.25 deposit system in the US was the Real Superstore (a subsidiary of National Supermarkets) in the early 1990s. Other stores such as
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and became a major public health concern. This was primarily due to the media spotlight on a Japanese research study revealing large amounts of bacteria on shopping carts. Those findings were later backed by a
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By far, most stolen shopping carts that are not returned and left outside their location, however, are misappropriated by occasional subsequent and secondary users without any artistic or cultural-critical
426:, all of these features, along with extra rungs on the side rail designed to attach plastic bags or carry handles for beverages. Smaller half-sized carts for smaller shopping trips have also become common.
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Although almost ubiquitous in continental Europe and the UK, the deposit system is less common in Canada and has not been widely adopted in the United States, with the exception of some chains like
233:, who invented the swinging rear door to allow for "nesting" in 1946. Orla Watson continued to make modifications to his original design. Advice from his trusted business partners Fred Taylor, a
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Original patent documents of Orla Watson showing design of the nesting feature of the Telescope Cart. The rear of the cart swings forward when a cart is shoved into it, hence the nesting feature.
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since the market launch of the shopping cart - not only for new and further developments of their own shopping carts and wire basket goods, but also for advertising and PR purposes.
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The names of shopping carts vary by region. The following names are region-specific names for shopping carts. Many of these names may be used alone or in descriptive phrases such as
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for the household goods of the homeless, or, ignoring the fact that the zinc and plastic coatings of the wire surfaces are harmful to health when heated, as ad hoc barbecue grills.
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Catherine Grandclément, "Wheeling One's Groceries Around the Store: The Invention of the Shopping Cart, 1936-1953", in Warren Belasco and Roger Horowitz (eds.),
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Shopping carts are usually fitted with four wheels, however if any one wheel jams the cart can become difficult to handle. Most carts in the United States have
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Nomadic furniture: how to build and where to buy lightweight furniture that folds, collapses, stacks, knocks-down, inflates or can be thrown away and re-cycled
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items in the cart and allow customers to scan and pay for their purchases as they shop, reducing the need to stand in line and wait to pay for their items.
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1 are used. While the deposit systems usually are designed to accommodate a certain size of domestic coin, foreign coins, former currencies (like German
1379:, Dyer, Nicholas John & Abel, Stacy Lee, "Support shelf for a shopping cart and associated shopping assembly", issued 2017-05-02
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intentions as emergency solutions. Other uses of shopping carts include improvised pieces of furniture (for example, as laundry baskets), or universal
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Guidance on Section 99 and Schedule 4 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 as amended by the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 . DEFRA
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Some retailers sell "tokens" as an alternative to coins, often for charity. Merchandising companies also offer branded shopping tokens as a product.
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as well as greeters to explain their use, shopping carts became extremely popular and Goldman became a multimillionaire. In urban areas like
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and Telescope Carts, Inc. licensed their telescoping shopping cart design to several manufacturers throughout the 1950s and 1960s until the
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than a car ride, privately owned carts resembling Goldman's design are still popular. Instead of baskets, these carts are built to hold the
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Daugherty, Julia Ann P. "Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture." Oklahoma State University - Library - Home. Web. 11 Oct. 2010.
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unhindered, this guide wheel is attached to the front of the cart with a piece of spring steel which bends under the cart's weight.
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Special electronic shopping carts are provided by many retailers for the elderly or disabled people. These are essentially
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showed that the prototype's context awareness provided an opportunity for enhancing and altering the shopping experience.
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baskets with wheels can be used either as a large basket or a small cart. These carts are designed for indoor use only.
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Carts that are not returned may be returned voluntarily by a pedestrian, with the deposit coin acting as a reward.
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One of the most famous thematizations of a shopping cart in art is the 1970 sculpture "Supermarket Lady" by US
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are designed for aiding non-ambulatory adults or larger children, but require an additional person to push.
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Electronic systems are sometimes used by retailers. Each shopping cart is fitted with an electronic locking
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as well as other artists and designers had wire furniture or artwork made by shopping cart manufacturers.
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for cold or hot drinks or a bouquet of flowers, along with other features such as a secure shelf for a
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were introduced by David Allen. It was high tech for the time, because it was a retractable seat belt.
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to allow the use of mobile coupons and circulars, or as seen in an all-plastic design created for the
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was entered into where Telescope Carts, Inc. agreed to offer the same license to any manufacturer.
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Wheeling food products around the store… and away: the invention of the shopping cart, 1936-1953
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Kai Buchholz and Klaus Wolbert (eds.), Häusser.media Verlag, Darmstadt, 2004, ISBN 3-89552-100-0
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with an attached basket. They allow customers to navigate around the store and collect items.
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One of the first shopping carts was introduced on June 4, 1937, the invention of
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also use the coin deposit system, but it is not used at all of their locations.
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Past studies determined that retailers who did not offer shopping carts such as
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child. There are also specialized carts designed for two children, and electric
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This article is about physical shopping carts. For digital shopping carts, see
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Shopping in the Real World: Interacting with a Context-Aware Shopping Trolley
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Safety retaining belt for shopping carts – David L. Allen – patent #3,550,136
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Nomadic Furniture 3.0 – Neues befreites Wohnen? / New Liberated Living?
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Conceptual detours of the shopping cart in art, design and consumerism
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On Becoming American: A Celebration of What it Means and How it Feels
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and some regions of Canada. Was also formerly used in the Philippines
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cleaning products etc. so that they do not mix with edible products.
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37:"Shopping trolley" redirects here. For the wheeled shopping bag, see
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1907:"Trolley for use with a wheelchair, United States Patent 4555124"
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Dr. Steve Vitucci, Texas A&M University – Central Texas
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The Cart that Changed the World: The Career of Sylvan N. Goldman
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The deposit varies, but usually coins of higher value, such as
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1963:"Guide wheel assembly for carts, United States Patent 7198279"
1351:"Microsoft Kinect Games Grocery Shopping at Texas Whole Foods"
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In 2017, a mobile device shelf was added to shopping carts at
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in Claudia Falter: "Shopping," p. 1007ff u. fig. p. 1017, in
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Child's-chair safety device - Bessie DeCamp - patent #944,020
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Also in 2004, shopping carts were identified as a source of
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Martina Fineder, Thomas Geisler, Sebastian Hackenschmidt:
1513:"Trim Trolley Takes Off The Weight While You Grocery Shop"
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In 2009, researchers developed prototypes of computerized
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Reversing the Operation of CAPS Shopping Cart Wheel Locks
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An alternative to the shopping cart is a small hand-held
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with baskets designed for individuals with disabilities.
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A shopping cart held by a woman, containing bags and food
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Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)
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Smithsonian Snapshot: Telescoping Shopping Cart, c. 1949
1073:"How a Basket on Wheels Revolutionized Grocery Shopping"
1161:(University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), pp. 233-251.
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Hanging file, designed by Otl Aicher, manufactured by
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Wilkinson, Kelly; Learmonth, Michael (June 3, 1999).
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Black, D., Clemmensen, N. J., and Skov, M. B. (2009)
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converted a 'stray' shopping cart into an 'inverted'
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DEFRA guidance on the security of shopping trolleys.
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In many countries, the customer has to make a small
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Development of first shopping cart by Sylvan Goldman
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Orla Watson Invented the Grocery Cart with a Basket
553:Another method (used for example by UK supermarket
48:"Trundler" redirects here. Not to be confused with
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2252:In the Designer Park | Life in Artificial Worlds,
1790:. The Stray Shopping Cart Project. Archived from
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1184:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1978, pp. 45-6).
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1002:"Shopping Cart–Related Injuries to Children"
832:Shopping cart manufacturers such as Caddie,
1159:Food Chains: From Farmyard to Shopping Cart
246:Development of nesting carts by Orla Watson
3283:Bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums
3146:
3000:
2378:
2357:
2343:
2335:
2290:Shopping Cart–Related Injuries to Children
2033:Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.
2301:The "Telescopic Shopping Cart Collection"
2296:Paper on the history of the shopping cart
1751:
1749:
1747:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
825:Homeless man lying on a shopping cart in
446:Mechanism of a typical shopping cart lock
1939:. QHDC Australia PTY LTD. Archived from
1449:Britt Beamer of America's Research Group
121:as they move around the premises, while
1681:Connery, Georgina (February 16, 2017).
1071:Crockett, Zachary (February 18, 2016).
967:
548:Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
393:, have begun using carts fully made of
2129:"Berlin, les avant-gardes du mobilier"
1825:William, Dara Akiko (April 20, 1999).
1583:
1545:
1395:Warentest, Stiftung (April 17, 2020).
1141:(University of Oklahoma Press, 1978).
1019:
2028:
2026:
2024:
1422:Martin, Cristina (January 16, 2023).
512:security systems as discussed below.
161:A child-friendly shopping cart design
117:inside the premises for transport of
7:
1858:Elmahrek, Adam (February 24, 2011).
1486:"Trolley offers supermarket workout"
879:, which is critical of consumerism.
229:Another shopping cart innovator was
2305:National Museum of American History
2248:From Folding Chair to Shopping Cart
2198:, Weil am Rhein, Germany, 2019, on
2063:, Weil am Rhein, Germany, 2019, on
1576:Sobotka, Vincent (March 14, 2011).
1447:Assortment (referencing a study by
1267:"Inventor Sylvan Goldman Biography"
346:In 2004, British supermarket chain
262:Nested carts being returned from a
127:checkout counter, cashiers or tills
2082:"Ludwig Forum | Duane Hanson"
1327:. Amhistory.si.edu. Archived from
725: – some places in New Zealand
438:Shopping carts locked with a chain
25:
1784:"The Stray Shopping Cart Project"
1540:"Eliminate Germs from Your Life"
1538:Loeb, Heather (April 21, 2015).
1269:. Ideafinder.com. Archived from
1048:. April 24, 2007. Archived from
1008:. American Academy of Pediatrics
1000:Gary A. Smith, MD, DrPH (2006).
900:-wire chair on the principle of
635:(where it is considered part of
226:dispensed by the grocery store.
41:. For the Beth Orton album, see
1988:Kovac, Lisa (August 24, 2018).
1644:Jansen, Kerri (June 14, 2016).
1618:Cook, Kim (September 7, 2011).
1209:Catherine Grandclément (2006).
546:it would be a violation of the
270:by a cart pushing assist device
2292:American Academy Of Pediatrics
1453:Influence Of The Shopping Cart
817:Diamond Chair by Harry Bertoia
398:additional features such as a
97:), also known by a variety of
1:
976:"Definition of SHOPPING CART"
560:A further system is to use a
2270:, New York, Pantheon Books.
2266:& Jim Hennessey (1973).
2200:CONSUMER'S REST Lounge Chair
2065:CONSUMER'S REST Lounge Chair
1990:"What is a Caroline's Cart?"
1835:. Gale Group. Archived from
1475:, Retrieved on May 23, 2011.
1462:, Retrieved on May 23, 2011.
1213:. CSI Working Papers Series.
920:in architecture and design.
806:man with a shopping cart in
683: – used by some in the
378:shopping carts by attaching
2204:Stiletto (Stiletto Studios)
2069:Stiletto (Stiletto Studios)
1098:"Goldman, Sylvan N. | 1971"
731: – some places in the
687:region of the United States
643:and certain parts of Canada
424:Bemis Manufacturing Company
382:to ordinary carts. Initial
3355:
754:
125:, prior to heading to the
47:
36:
29:
2196:Atlas of Furniture Design
2061:Atlas of Furniture Design
2037:. Smithsonian Institution
1590:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1552:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1458:November 8, 2011, at the
98:
91:Southern American English
3268:Animal-powered transport
2218:Schrill Bizarr Brachial.
957:Trolley (disambiguation)
627: – used by some in
389:Some retailers, such as
3143:Non-vehicular transport
2366:Human-powered transport
2309:Smithsonian Institution
1969:. FreePatentsOnline.com
1913:. FreePatentsOnline.com
1473:Sears update case notes
1428:www.retailgazette.co.uk
980:www.merriam-webster.com
942:Motorized shopping cart
886:"one-man artist group"
757:Motorized shopping cart
706: – various regions
697: – some places in
525:Electronic and magnetic
334:Retail store acceptance
27:Cart supplied by a shop
3293:Zero-emissions vehicle
2231:der 80er Jahre at the
1832:Los Angeles Daily News
1245:"Unarco--Cart History"
829:
818:
810:
796:
752:
641:Southern United States
584:
516:Cart retrieval service
447:
439:
313:
271:
255:
162:
62:
32:Shopping cart software
3319:Retail store elements
2117:on December 21, 2016.
1670:National Supermarkets
1492:. BBC. April 28, 2004
1124:. November 16, 2003.
1046:The Great Idea Finder
824:
816:
802:
790:
750:
737:Western Massachusetts
733:Eastern United States
579:Saugus, Massachusetts
577:Carriage return at a
576:
445:
437:
369:University of Arizona
355:'s fundraising event
311:
261:
253:
220:public transportation
160:
60:
2222:Neue Deutsche Design
1943:on November 10, 2014
1273:on December 21, 2017
1052:on December 21, 2017
947:Shopping cart theory
767:electric wheelchairs
637:the region's dialect
633:Western Pennsylvania
599:for disambiguation:
3324:American inventions
3231:Alpine touring skis
3041:Hand and foot power
2631:Cold-weather biking
2571:Small-wheel bicycle
2479:Glossary of cycling
2444:Cyclo-cross bicycle
2429:Cold-weather biking
2192:Vitra Design Museum
2099:Ludwig Forum Aachen
2057:Vitra Design Museum
1758:"Wheels of Fortune"
1357:. February 27, 2012
1331:on October 12, 2018
917:International Style
743:For disabled people
671:Trinidad and Tobago
312:Mobile device shelf
95:Appalachian English
3339:1946 introductions
3334:1937 introductions
3236:Cross-country skis
2900:Litter/sedan chair
2464:Flat bar road bike
2088:on April 14, 2009.
2035:"Stiletto Studios"
1812:US patent|5598144A
1782:Montague, Julian.
1687:The Canberra Times
908:"Consumer's Rest"
830:
819:
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753:
629:Southeast Michigan
585:
448:
440:
420:Whole Foods Market
353:Cancer Research UK
314:
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83:Australian English
63:
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2990:
2989:
2672:Motorized scooter
2667:Motorized bicycle
2546:Recumbent bicycle
2489:Motorized bicycle
2181:New German Design
2149:on June 27, 2018.
1887:. Tekstlab.uio.no
1794:on April 24, 2006
1190:978-0-395-26283-2
1167:978-0-8122-4128-0
1147:978-0-8061-1496-5
1137:Terry P. Wilson,
930:nomadic furniture
418:and also used by
168:mobility scooters
16:(Redirected from
3346:
3147:
3101:Amphibious cycle
3056:(sliding rigger)
3001:
2782:Invalid carriage
2697:Other foot power
2655:Electric bicycle
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777:Caroline's Carts
597:supermarket ____
507:Theft prevention
395:recycled plastic
380:tablet computers
304:New developments
71:American English
43:Shopping Trolley
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18:Shopping trolley
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2839:Flatbed trolley
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2688:Treadle bicycle
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2606:Utility bicycle
2581:Touring bicycle
2531:Porteur bicycle
2499:Mountain biking
2469:Folding bicycle
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2404:Bicycle trailer
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2017:. June 5, 2012.
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1460:Wayback Machine
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1225:. Newswise.com.
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761:Caroline's Cart
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582:Stop & Shop
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454:by inserting a
432:
404:tablet computer
371:study in 2007.
336:
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187:shopping basket
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101:, is a wheeled
79:British English
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3261:Related topics
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2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2854:Shopping cart
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:Pushed/pulled
2810:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
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2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:Treadle power
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2647:
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2612:
2609:
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2589:
2587:
2586:Track bicycle
2584:
2582:
2579:
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2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
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2549:
2547:
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2542:
2539:
2537:
2536:Prone bicycle
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2494:Mountain bike
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:Downhill bike
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
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2427:
2425:
2422:
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2277:
2276:0-394-70228-X
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2240:
2236:
2234:
2233:Bröhan Museum
2228:
2223:
2219:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2173:
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2163:(page 89ff),
2162:
2156:
2153:
2148:
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2066:
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2058:
2052:
2049:
2036:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2007:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1981:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
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1908:
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1877:
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1709:
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1700:
1688:
1684:
1677:
1674:
1671:
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1651:
1650:Plastics News
1647:
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1517:Inventor Spot
1514:
1507:
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1077:Priceconomics
1074:
1067:
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1003:
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905:
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898:
893:
889:
885:
882:In 1983, the
880:
878:
875:
870:
868:
865:
860:
855:
851:
847:
846:Verner Panton
843:
842:Harry Bertoia
839:
838:Charles Eames
835:
828:
823:
815:
809:
805:
801:
794:
793:BrĂĽder Siegel
789:
782:
780:
778:
774:
770:
768:
762:
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623:
621:
617:
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612:United States
609:
605:
602:
601:
600:
598:
594:
593:shopping ____
590:
583:
580:
575:
568:
566:
563:
558:
556:
551:
549:
545:
544:United States
536:
534:
532:
524:
522:
515:
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506:
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501:
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429:
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405:
401:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
376:context aware
372:
370:
365:
360:
358:
357:Race for Life
354:
349:
344:
341:
333:
331:
328:
323:
318:
310:
303:
301:
299:
295:
291:
285:
282:
277:
269:
265:
260:
252:
245:
243:
239:
236:
235:grocery store
232:
227:
225:
221:
217:
216:New York City
211:
209:
205:
197:
192:
190:
188:
183:
180:
179:swivel wheels
175:
171:
169:
159:
152:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
135:United States
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:, for use by
112:
109:, especially
108:
107:shop or store
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
67:shopping cart
59:
55:
51:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3209:Snow and ice
3028:(fixed seat)
2931:Caster board
2864:Stairclimber
2853:
2824:Baggage cart
2803:Rowing cycle
2714:Kick scooter
2704:Balance bike
2626:Wheelie bike
2591:Trailer bike
2551:Road bicycle
2424:City bicycle
2267:
2259:
2251:
2247:
2242:
2216:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2175:
2167:
2160:
2155:
2147:the original
2137:
2123:
2115:the original
2105:
2094:
2086:the original
2076:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2041:November 11,
2039:. Retrieved
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:
1983:
1971:. Retrieved
1966:
1957:
1945:. Retrieved
1941:the original
1936:
1927:
1915:. Retrieved
1910:
1901:
1889:. Retrieved
1879:
1869:September 8,
1867:. Retrieved
1863:
1853:
1841:. Retrieved
1837:the original
1830:
1808:
1798:September 8,
1796:. Retrieved
1792:the original
1787:
1777:
1765:. Retrieved
1761:
1734:. Retrieved
1732:. Woolworths
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1702:
1692:December 31,
1690:. Retrieved
1686:
1676:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1639:
1629:September 8,
1627:. Retrieved
1623:
1613:
1600:
1571:
1562:
1533:
1521:. Retrieved
1516:
1506:
1494:. Retrieved
1489:
1480:
1467:
1443:
1433:February 13,
1431:. Retrieved
1427:
1417:
1407:February 13,
1405:. Retrieved
1400:
1390:
1371:
1359:. Retrieved
1354:
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1329:the original
1318:
1306:. Retrieved
1304:. ArchPatent
1302:"ArchPatent"
1296:
1287:
1275:. Retrieved
1271:the original
1265:Phil Ament.
1260:
1248:. Retrieved
1239:
1230:
1218:
1181:
1173:
1158:
1153:
1138:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1105:. Retrieved
1101:
1092:
1080:. Retrieved
1076:
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1050:the original
1045:
1036:
1010:. Retrieved
1005:
995:
983:. Retrieved
979:
970:
929:
922:
915:
910:Lounge Chair
907:
903:objet trouvé
901:
895:
887:
881:
877:Duane Hanson
871:
857:
831:
792:
775:
771:
764:
728:
722:
709:
703:
694:
690:
680:
675:South Africa
649: – the
646:
624:
610: – the
607:
603:
596:
592:
589:grocery ____
588:
586:
559:
552:
540:
528:
519:
510:
502:
483:
479:
464:
460:
449:
408:mobile phone
388:
384:field trials
373:
361:
345:
337:
319:
315:
286:
273:
268:Target store
240:
228:
212:
201:
184:
176:
172:
164:
131:
111:supermarkets
86:
74:
66:
64:
54:
3288:Human power
3134:Ornithopter
2962:Street luge
2879:Wheelbarrow
2709:Dandy horse
2541:Quadracycle
2514:Singletrack
2382:Pedal power
2225: [
2206:, page 726)
2184: [
2071:, page 726)
1864:Voice of OC
1762:Metroactive
1736:December 1,
1714:December 1,
1655:October 31,
1403:(in German)
1401:www.test.de
1377:US9637152B2
862: [
729:wheelbasket
685:New England
663:New Zealand
620:Philippines
562:cattle grid
531:wheel clamp
294:Orla Watson
276:Orla Watson
264:parking lot
231:Orla Watson
147:parking lot
119:merchandise
99:other names
3308:Categories
3221:Ice skates
3150:Foot power
3129:Helicopter
3094:Amphibious
3071:Hydrocycle
3064:Foot power
3004:Hand power
2957:Billy cart
2936:Snakeboard
2926:Pogo stick
2844:Hand truck
2829:Bath chair
2796:Row action
2787:Wheelchair
2760:Hand power
2751:Skateboard
2741:Freeskates
2731:Brakeboard
2621:Velomobile
2616:Velocipede
2521:Party bike
2419:Cargo bike
2414:Boneshaker
2246:Paragraph
2168:Studies 23
1730:"About Us"
1708:"About us"
1178:Ted Morgan
1006:Pediatrics
963:References
897:cantilever
874:pop artist
854:Otl Aicher
795:, Leipheim
755:See also:
735:, notably
400:cup holder
224:paper bags
50:Hand truck
3248:Snowshoes
3076:Hydrofoil
2967:Snowboard
2874:Toy wagon
2869:Stretcher
2772:Handcycle
2746:Longboard
2736:Freeboard
2635:ice cycle
1891:March 31,
1361:March 31,
1277:March 31,
1250:March 31,
952:Toy wagon
926:readymade
695:coohudder
659:Australia
412:Wisconsin
364:pathogens
300:expired.
281:royalties
274:In 1946,
115:customers
3216:Crampons
3117:Aircraft
2972:Toboggan
2726:Kicksled
2719:Kickbike
2601:Unicycle
2596:Tricycle
2566:Sociable
2556:Roadster
2509:Downhill
2409:BMX bike
1999:June 18,
1973:June 20,
1947:July 29,
1917:June 20,
1788:Web Site
1586:cite web
1548:cite web
1523:June 20,
1496:June 20,
1490:BBC News
1456:Archived
1335:April 7,
1308:April 7,
1082:March 8,
1056:June 20,
1022:cite web
1012:June 20,
985:March 7,
936:See also
859:Stiletto
804:Homeless
723:trundler
714:New York
712: –
699:Scotland
681:carriage
667:Malaysia
618:and the
537:Physical
475:ShopRite
430:Deposits
208:Oklahoma
141:and the
123:shopping
3277:outline
3273:Cycling
3193:Walking
3181:Running
2945:Gravity
2893:Carried
2777:Hobcart
2767:Handcar
2660:Pedelec
2611:Velocar
2474:Go-kart
2459:Fatbike
2398:outline
2394:Bicycle
2303:at the
1107:May 12,
890:, from
704:bascart
655:Ireland
647:trolley
639:), the
555:Iceland
498:D-Marks
452:deposit
414:-based
193:History
75:trolley
3174:skates
3162:skates
3081:Pedalo
3054:Rowing
3048:Rowing
3026:Rowing
2921:Trikke
2648:assist
2454:Enduro
2274:
2237:, 2014
2235:Berlin
1843:May 5,
1767:May 5,
1383:
1188:
1165:
1145:
892:Berlin
884:neoist
718:Hawaii
691:barrae
616:Canada
608:basket
492:1, or
471:Costco
391:Target
322:Target
298:patent
153:Design
139:Canada
85:), or
3329:Carts
3016:Kayak
3011:Canoe
2996:Water
2229:]
2188:]
1624:MSNBC
1355:WIRED
866:]
844:, or
834:Wanzl
827:Tokyo
808:Paris
710:wagon
625:buggy
595:, or
348:Tesco
340:Sears
327:EDEKA
266:to a
87:buggy
3122:list
3032:Punt
2884:Sled
2834:Cart
2504:27.5
2389:29er
2374:Land
2272:ISBN
2220:Das
2043:2022
2001:2024
1975:2012
1949:2014
1919:2012
1893:2016
1871:2011
1845:2009
1800:2011
1769:2009
1738:2021
1716:2021
1694:2020
1657:2016
1631:2011
1592:link
1554:link
1525:2012
1498:2012
1435:2023
1409:2023
1363:2016
1337:2013
1310:2013
1279:2016
1252:2016
1186:ISBN
1163:ISBN
1143:ISBN
1109:2023
1084:2016
1058:2012
1028:link
1014:2012
987:2023
759:and
604:cart
569:Name
473:and
467:ALDI
456:coin
103:cart
3226:Ski
3110:Air
2202:by
2165:MAK
2067:by
1967:FPO
1911:FPO
693:or
606:or
488:1,
422:by
406:or
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