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528:) where a man is forced to marry a woman for various reasons. Although the most common ground is impregnation, another variant of this practise include the woman's parents forcing marriage on the man to their daughter due to his social status or wealth, rather than his desire to marry her for love; this occurs even if the former did not penetrate the latter. Weapons may or may not be used in coercion, but other means include litigation, particularly when the woman's family threatens to file rape and lascivious acts charges against the man.
663:, the use of duress or violent coercion to marry is no longer common, although many anecdotal stories and folk songs record instances of such coercion in 18th- and 19th-century America and Canada. Pressure to marry immediately due to pregnancy has become less common as the stigma associated with out-of-wedlock births has declined and the number of such births has increased. As a result, the typical, voluntary wedding during pregnancy might be more neutrally termed a
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were a common occurrence in
Belgium and the Netherlands during the first half of the 20th century. In the early 1960s, about a quarter of all marriages in the Netherlands were shotgun marriages; however, in some areas, up to 90% of the brides were pregnant. By the late 2000s, the practice had become
315:
In Arabic culture, shotgun weddings serve to obscure the fact that a baby was conceived prior to marriage. When that proves impossible, the social standing of the couple involved is irreparably damaged. Nevertheless, shotgun weddings help prevent the individuals involved, especially the women, from
323:
Apart from instances of regional slang, there is no universal, specific term for "shotgun weddings" in Arabic. This is because they are not recognised as a regular social phenomenon and because a successfully conducted Middle
Eastern shotgun wedding is generally unknown to the guests. In some
381:. A quarter of all Japanese brides are pregnant at the time of their wedding, according to the Health Labor and Welfare Ministry, and pregnancy is one of the most common motivations for marriage. The prevalence and celebrity profile of
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beginning in the 1960s, the concepts of love, sexuality, procreation and marriage began to separate after being intimately entangled in social consciousness for centuries. However, sexual practice had not always followed
213:) for gaining recourse are often seen as the prospective father-in-law's "right". Often, a couple will arrange a shotgun wedding without explicit outside encouragement, and some religious groups consider it a
421:
and implying that a wedding is approved by imperial edict. It is becoming increasingly common among China's youngest generation. However, in the same age group, there is objection and criticism to such a
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417:'married by the order of the child') means that the couple married because conception occurred outside of marriage. It is a pun on the phrase 奉旨成婚, pronounced
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While a 2016 study suggests that couples who wed while pregnant do not necessarily have an increased risk of subsequent divorce, another study by
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National
Institute of Population and Social Security Research, The Fourteenth Japanese National Fertility Survey in 2010 (October 2011).
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Middle East sources : a MELCOM guide to Middle
Eastern and Islamic books and materials in United Kingdom and Irish libraries
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was a commonly used euphemism for marriage resulting from unintended pregnancy. The noun is formed from imperative of the verb
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from that same year demonstrated that, among whites, divorce rates increased from 19% for non-pregnant brides to 30%.
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for short, emerged in the late 1990s. The term can literally be translated as "oops-we-did-it-marriage", implying an
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Noordman, Joannes Maria
Antonius; Rietveld-van Wingerden, Marjoke; Bakker, Petronella Catharina Maria (2008).
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so rare that the term was growing obsolete. According to a 2013 by the
Centrum voor Leesonderzoek, the word
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Married by the child became a norm, "Pregnant brides" are challenging the traditional chastity.
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332:: زواج مخفر) may be the closest colloquial analogue for the concept of a "shotgun wedding".
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has a similar condition with the
Philippines; this is usually called "married by accident".
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One purpose of such a wedding can be to get recourse from the man for the act of
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has inspired Japan's wedding industry to introduce an even more benign phrase,
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can be enormous, and coercive means (in spite of the legal defense of
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sell wedding dresses that fit during the later stages of pregnancy.
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Haruna
Kashiwase, "Shotgun Weddings a Sign of the Times in Japan,"
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in order to ensure that he follows through with the wedding.
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The
Origins of Sex: A History of the First Sexual Revolution
992:"Marriage Process and Fertility of Japanese Married Couples"
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571:, a 1963 study found that 50% of all brides were pregnant.
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as "Another shotgun wedding, with neither party willing".
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Marriages preceded by pregnancy by age in Japan (2010).
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1088:"Top 15 news websites in English from Southeast Asia"
904:. Internet Archive. Richmond, Surrey : Curzon.
757:, first Dutch fullcolour feature film, refilming of
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966:"Oops! Pregnant celebs dancing down the aisle"
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1192:. Assen: Uitgeverij Van Gorcum. p. 286.
594:("must", "to have to") with the added suffix
328:nations, the term "police station marriage" (
308:is illegal and even a criminal offence under
186:, a major objective was restoring the social
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724:(1934), American feature film, refilming of
1014:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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954:. June 22, 2009. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
694:This 1897 political cartoon portrays the
503:Learn how and when to remove this message
284:Learn how and when to remove this message
134:Learn how and when to remove this message
1127:De jaren zestig: Een cultuurgeschiedenis
300:across all social strata throughout the
1130:. Amsterdam: Ambo/Anthos. p. 115.
866:
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1237:Blumberg, Perri Ormont (2023-03-23).
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1222:, p. 679. Centrum voor Leesonderzoek.
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481:adding citations to reliable sources
262:adding citations to reliable sources
72:adding citations to reliable sources
875:"the definition of shotgun wedding"
296:Premarital sexual relations remain
784:(1999) Confederate Bushwaker film.
194:method of preventing the birth of
25:
1189:Vijf eeuwen opvoeden in Nederland
1031:"Japan embraces shotgun weddings"
964:Brasor, Philip (8 January 2012).
948:"Japan embraces shotgun weddings"
520:has a shotgun wedding tradition (
190:of the mother. The practice is a
162:. The phrase is a primarily U.S.
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32:Shotgun wedding (disambiguation)
746:Seven Brides for Seven Brothers
612:was recognised by 82.5% of the
425:In Korea, the slang term 속도위반 (
59:needs additional citations for
2201:Marriage in pre-Islamic Arabia
1029:Ryall, Julian (22 June 2009).
407:
27:American colloquial expression
1:
3199:Weddings in the United States
1810:Ghost marriage in South Sudan
807:(1962), Irish novel on which
792:(2023), American feature film
3168:Wedding vow renewal ceremony
1239:"Here Comes the … Baby Bump"
1158:Faramerz Dabhoiwala (2012).
898:Netton, Ian Richard (1998).
768:(1962), British feature film
627:shotgun weddings are called
217:to marry in that situation.
1271:"Is Shotgun Marriage Dead?"
1162:. Oxford University Press.
716:(1932), German musical film
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776:(1964), Irish feature film
552:, resulting in shotgun or
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29:
2695:"Indian" Wedding Blessing
2315:Marriage proposal planner
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401:In China, the term 奉子成婚 (
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349:In Japan, the slang term
3123:Maiden and married names
3049:United States and Canada
207:pregnancy out of wedlock
154:arranged in response to
37:Not to be confused with
1124:Buelens, Geert (2018).
1086:ase/anup (2015-04-24).
855:Marriage of convenience
201:In some societies, the
2961:Saint Thomas Christian
1798:Chinese ghost marriage
702:
665:mid-pregnancy marriage
345:
3143:Self-uniting marriage
1055:奉子成婚成常現象 "大肚新娘"挑戰傳統貞操
837:Marry-your-rapist law
721:Eight Girls in a Boat
693:
644:matrimonio riparatore
343:
196:illegitimate children
2588:Wedding ring cushion
809:Girl with Green Eyes
773:Girl with Green Eyes
699:annexation of Hawaii
477:improve this section
379:unintended pregnancy
258:improve this section
68:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
3158:Wedding anniversary
2889:Pre-wedding customs
2791:Wedding cake topper
2765:Wedding videography
2755:Wedding photography
2725:Pounded rice ritual
2423:Western dress codes
2039:Royal intermarriage
1741:Mystery of Crowning
781:Ride with the Devil
759:Acht Mädels im Boot
726:Acht Mädels im Boot
713:Acht Mädels im Boot
39:Celebratory gunfire
3204:Weddings in Canada
3092:Honeymoon registry
2849:Anand Karaj (Sikh)
2370:Stag and doe party
2365:Bachelorette party
2355:Wedding invitation
1905:Marriage allowance
1535:Widow conservation
1312:Types of marriages
1243:The New York Times
1072:2015-06-10 at the
935:2012-10-25 at the
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686:In popular culture
673:maternity clothing
646:(mending marriage)
642:they are known as
629:casarse de penalty
554:Knobstick weddings
396:, blessed wedding)
346:
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3173:Womanless wedding
3153:Knobstick wedding
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2781:Wedding breakfast
2760:Wedding reception
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2458:Black lounge suit
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2320:Marriage proposal
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1484:Marriage in Islam
1474:Clerical marriage
911:978-1-136-81017-6
832:Knobstick wedding
735:(1947), American
616:and 43.1% of the
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304:. In many cases,
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1067:“奉子成婚”挑战传统道德底线
1059:
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1021:
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928:, July 2002,
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879:Dictionary.com
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842:Premarital sex
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445:Southeast Asia
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408:Fèngzǐchénghūn
399:
383:dekichatta-kon
337:
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318:social pariahs
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160:premarital sex
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3128:Marriage vows
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3113:Black wedding
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2869:Bengali Hindu
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2750:Wedding March
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2688:
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2685:Bridal Chorus
2683:
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2568:Lebes Gamikos
2566:
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2513:
2510:
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2508:
2505:
2504:
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2493:
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2486:
2485:Wedding dress
2483:
2482:
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2441:Morning dress
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2345:Bridal shower
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462:This section
460:
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243:This section
241:
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218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
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164:colloquialism
161:
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138:
135:
127:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85: –
84:
80:
79:Find sources:
73:
69:
63:
62:
57:This article
55:
51:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
3147:
3097:Consummation
2879:Brunei Malay
2801:Groom's cake
2796:Cookie table
2786:Wedding cake
2740:Unity candle
2602:Participants
2593:Wishing well
2573:Wedding cord
2540:
2522:Opera gloves
2507:Evening gown
2495:Bridal crown
2490:Contemporary
2401:Gretna Green
2223:
2191:Dishu system
2172:
2057:Human–animal
2029:Same-surname
1819:
1709:
1690:
1624:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1530:Self-uniting
1510:
1494:Nikah mut'ah
1395:Nikah mut'ah
1265:
1254:. Retrieved
1242:
1215:
1203:. Retrieved
1188:
1181:
1159:
1153:
1141:. Retrieved
1126:
1095:. Retrieved
1091:
1081:
1062:
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1034:
1024:
998:. Retrieved
985:
973:. Retrieved
969:
959:
951:
943:
925:
920:
900:
893:
882:. Retrieved
878:
869:
846:
822:Cohabitation
808:
802:
787:
779:
771:
763:
758:
752:
744:
730:
725:
719:
711:
677:
669:bridal gowns
664:
654:
643:
628:
609:
604:
595:
591:
587:
542:
525:
499:
490:
475:Please help
463:
430:
418:
406:
387:sazukari-kon
386:
382:
365:
350:
326:Persian Gulf
322:
314:
295:
280:
271:
256:Please help
244:
205:attached to
200:
180:impregnation
177:
147:
145:
130:
121:
111:
104:
97:
90:
78:
66:Please help
61:verification
58:
3029:Philippines
2981:Zoroastrian
2840:By religion
2720:Polterabend
2710:Money dance
2690:First dance
2675:Ahesta Bero
2644:Flower girl
2615:child bride
2448:Semi-formal
2308:Pre-wedding
2289:Handfasting
2111:Concubinage
2082:Interracial
2072:Interethnic
2067:Inter-caste
2005:Consanguine
1933:Watta satta
1882:Convenience
1736:Handfasting
1525:Scientology
1499:Nikah 'urfi
1341:Nikah 'urfi
576:Netherlands
518:Philippines
493:August 2018
306:fornication
274:August 2018
226:Middle East
184:Middle East
3188:Categories
2991:By country
2842:or culture
2831:Place card
2826:Loving cup
2668:Traditions
2634:Bridesmaid
2622:Bridegroom
2325:Engagement
2279:Collective
2103:monogamous
2092:Morganatic
2087:Interfaith
2010:Avunculate
1982:Common-law
1900:Green card
1867:Tongyangxi
1783:Posthumous
1724:Ceremonial
1715:Tongyangxi
1572:Prajapatya
1375:Remarriage
1256:2023-03-24
1174:Quoted at
1097:2024-09-18
1040:13 January
1000:13 January
975:13 January
884:2016-12-11
861:References
631:(marry by
600:diminutive
431:Sokdowiban
310:Sharia law
302:Arab world
221:By culture
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3118:Elopement
3084:Honeymoon
3039:Sri Lanka
2864:Ayyavazhi
2659:Officiant
2649:Groomsman
2639:Bridesman
2563:Las arras
2517:Debutante
2512:Ball gown
2453:Black tie
2436:White tie
2406:Las Vegas
2389:Locations
2284:Elopement
2148:Polyandry
2062:Hypergamy
1910:Predatory
1852:Hypergamy
1835:Financial
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1731:Betrothal
1686:Abduction
1608:Ayyavazhi
1600:Paishacha
1579:Gandharva
1450:Josephite
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1428:Religious
1390:Hollywood
1385:Temporary
1336:Customary
1251:0362-4331
952:Telegraph
848:Oklahoma!
532:Indonesia
464:does not
422:practice.
336:East Asia
316:becoming
245:does not
174:Rationale
156:pregnancy
124:July 2017
3133:Newlywed
3062:Scotland
3024:Pakistan
2999:Ethiopia
2971:Timorese
2926:Mandaean
2896:Catholic
2705:Lychgate
2654:Page boy
2465:Informal
2415:Clothing
2294:Same-sex
2268:Weddings
2225:Category
2153:Polygyny
2143:Polygamy
2034:Homogamy
1997:Endogamy
1974:De facto
1960:Sororate
1950:Sologamy
1928:Exchange
1890:Lavender
1815:Levirate
1663:Arranged
1593:Rakshasa
1506:Levirate
1445:Catholic
1412:Putative
1407:Voidable
1400:Wedlease
1380:Same-sex
1370:Marriage
1358:Monogamy
1331:Covenant
1092:ase/anup
1070:Archived
1010:cite web
933:Archived
816:See also
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737:carnival
359:出来ちゃった結婚
192:loophole
3074:Vietnam
3067:history
3044:Ukraine
3009:Iceland
2951:Punjabi
2941:Persian
2911:Islamic
2884:Chinese
2821:Korovai
2730:Pyebaek
2558:Chuppah
2552:Objects
2534:Garters
2206:Walking
2165:Sexless
2049:Exogamy
1987:Plaçage
1793:Germany
1746:Wedding
1710:Shotgun
1545:Vivaaha
1520:Natural
1479:Islamic
1346:Plaçage
930:prb.org
655:In the
633:penalty
618:Flemish
605:Moetjes
580:Belgium
574:In the
569:Denmark
560:In the
522:Tagalog
485:removed
470:sources
438:Vietnam
366:Dekikon
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168:shotgun
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3034:Russia
2966:Shinto
2956:Quaker
2931:Mormon
2921:Jewish
2901:Hajong
2745:Walima
2542:Casual
2431:Formal
2138:Bigamy
2133:Plural
2015:Cousin
1842:Boston
1821:Yibbum
1788:France
1692:Raptio
1681:Forced
1551:Brahma
1512:Yibbum
1489:Misyar
1467:Quaker
1462:Mormon
1435:Jewish
1249:
1205:20 May
1196:
1166:
1143:20 May
1134:
908:
749:(1954)
661:Canada
610:moetje
592:moeten
588:moetje
582:, the
539:Europe
405::
403:pinyin
330:Arabic
203:stigma
110:
103:
96:
89:
81:
3106:Other
3014:India
2906:Hindu
2715:Music
2610:Bride
2502:Dress
2299:White
2184:Other
2116:Group
1940:Heqin
1921:Other
1872:Trial
1857:Naked
1847:Flash
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1769:basis
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1700:Heqin
1676:Flash
1648:Child
1626:Manus
1618:Yogic
1613:Vedic
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1565:Arsha
1558:Daiva
1540:Hindu
1353:Fleet
1326:Civil
995:(PDF)
797:Books
754:Jenny
706:Films
640:Italy
625:Spain
614:Dutch
586:term
584:Dutch
526:pikot
364:, or
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188:honor
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2936:Odia
2916:Iyer
2859:Ayie
2854:Arab
2470:Suit
2128:Open
2121:Line
2101:Non-
1945:Love
1895:Sham
1862:Peer
1705:Miai
1653:Teen
1417:Void
1247:ISSN
1207:2018
1194:ISBN
1164:ISBN
1145:2018
1132:ISBN
1042:2016
1016:link
1002:2016
977:2016
906:ISBN
740:noir
696:U.S.
671:and
659:and
578:and
516:The
468:any
466:cite
414:lit.
393:授かり婚
372:デキコン
249:any
247:cite
87:news
1636:Age
638:In
623:In
596:-je
567:In
479:by
436:In
260:by
70:by
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