59:, where he was arrested with his family in March 1944; they were deported to the extermination camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau, one of the three main camps that made up the Auschwitz complex. During the selection made by Nazi doctors to separate deportees deemed fit to work from those "useless", who were immediately sent to the gas chambers, Venezia was saved along with his brother
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Venezia was part of the
Sonderkommando for six months. In Auschwitz-Birkenau, Venezia's mother and his two sisters were killed. After the liberation, Venezia became one of the most important spokesmen for the tragedy of the Holocaust. As a guest on television, in schools, and at memorial events for
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Venezia was subjected to the typical procedure of the deported to
Auschwitz: shaving, showering, being tattooed with a number on the left forearm, and wearing the interned uniform. At the end of the procedure, Venezia was locked up in a separate and isolated section of the camp in quarantine,
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which—according to the German authorities in the camp—would have prevented the spread of epidemics inside the camp. After only 20 days of 'quarantine,' Venezia was assigned to the
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of one of the large crematoria in
Birkenau, made mainly of young and strong prisoners in good physical condition, because of the physical effort that the job required.
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the
Holocaust, he turned his interest to young people as future spokespersons of the immense tragedy that struck Europe between 1940 and 1945. His experiences led
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Venezia was one of the very few who survived the
Sonderkommando corvées, and the only Italian among them; he published his recollections in a memoir published by
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Inside the Gas
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and two cousins. During his imprisonment he was forced to work in the
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Shlomo
Venezia. Sonderkommando Auschwitz. Penguin Books, 2007.
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Venezia was one of the few first-hand survivors of the
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190:"E' morto Shlomo Venezia sopravvisse alla Shoah"
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