87:
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recommends that the list should contain only effects where there is "at least a reasonable possibility" that they are caused by the drug and the frequency "should represent crude incidence rates (and not differences or relative risks calculated against placebo or other comparator)". The frequency
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Most drugs and procedures have a multitude of reported adverse side effects; the information leaflets provided with virtually all drugs list possible side effects. Beneficial side effects are less common; some examples, in many cases of side-effects that ultimately gained regulatory approval as
243:, also helps smoking cessation; this indication was later approved, and the name of the drug as sold for smoking cessation is Zyban. Bupropion branded as Zyban may be sold at a higher price than as Wellbutrin, so some physicians prescribe Wellbutrin for smoking cessation.
475:
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the drug. Both healthcare providers and lay people misinterpret the frequency of side effects as describing the increase in frequency caused by the drug.
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approved to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) and hypertension, is (one of several drugs) used off-label to treat drug induced
258:
948:
Wing DA, Powers B, Hickok D (April 2010). "U.S. Food and Drug
Administration drug approval: slow advances in obstetric care in the United States".
1012:
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A drug or procedure usually used for a specific effect may be used specifically because of a beneficial side-effect; this is termed "
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This article is about side effects in the context of medicine. For side effects in the context of computer science, see
1085:
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Cheshire WP, Fealey RD (2008). "Drug-induced hyperhidrosis and hypohidrosis: incidence, prevention and management".
651:
494:
714:"Understanding adverse drug reactions in package leaflets - an exploratory survey among health care professionals"
1180:
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Bodkin JA, Zornberg GL, Lukas SE, Cole JO (February 1995). "Buprenorphine treatment of refractory depression".
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Schraufnagel DE, Blasi F, Drummond MB, Lam DC, Latif E, Rosen MJ, et al. (September 2014).
233:
has been shown experimentally (1982–1995) to be effective against severe, refractory depression.
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513:, an effect of a substance opposite to what would usually be expected
467:
75:
763:
Mühlbauer V, Prinz R, Mühlhauser I, Wegwarth O (13 September 2018).
1061:. (New Medical Information and Health Information). Archived from
67:; the discovery of their oncolytic capability led to their use in
60:
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377:, is frequently used for the medical treatment of an unruptured
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491:(ADR), a harmful unintended result caused by taking medication
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taking the drug, without assuming that they were necessarily
1107:
Gelenberg AJ, Freeman MP, Markowitz JC, et al. (2010).
860:. National Alliance of Advocates for Buprenorphine Treatment
916:"Mood Stabilizers for Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive)"
610:
American
Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
48:
but sometimes beneficial, that is unintended. Herbal and
983:
Shen WW, Mahadevan J, Hofstatter L, Sata LS (July 1983).
410:; subsequently, it was discovered that it also produces
476:
690:"A Guideline on Summary of Product Characteristics"
652:"Common and Rare Side Effects for misoprostol oral"
1034:Idaho Drug Utilization Review, educational leaflet
305:and severe allergic reactions due to its strong
295:, to enhance pulmonary maturation of the fetus.
257:, but it has side effects useful in treating
18:Outcome that is secondary to the one intended
8:
392:is approved as an antidepressant but delays
59:" until such use is approved. For instance,
712:Mühlbauer V, Mühlhauser I (November 2015).
547:European Journal for Philosophy of Science
1188:
798:
788:
739:
729:
566:
851:"The Buprenorphine Effect on Depression"
824:"Drugs firm blocks cheap blindness cure"
259:attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
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349:, an antihistamine, is also used as an
40:is an effect of the use of a medicinal
1015:from the original on 4 September 2011.
881:Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
339:syndromes, phantom limb syndrome, and
464:subject to other adverse side-effects
373:(MTX), approved for the treatment of
7:
1088:from the original on 1 December 2008
189:Examples of therapeutic side effects
177:describes how often symptoms appear
989:The American Journal of Psychiatry
414:, for which it was later approved.
14:
396:in men, and can be used to treat
1147:10.2165/00002018-200831020-00002
893:10.1097/00004714-199502000-00008
271:paroxysmal extreme pain disorder
458:and with other conditions, or
279:post-traumatic stress disorder
225:central retinal vein occlusion
23:Side effect (computer science)
1:
1027:"Off-label Use of Gabapentin"
249:is an approved treatment for
962:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181d53843
790:10.1371/journal.pone.0203800
718:BMC Health Services Research
671:. 8 May 2007. Archived from
406:was originally intended for
315:, approved for treatment of
44:or other treatment, usually
27:Side effect (disambiguation)
1262:
1193:. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
914:Leehey K (1 August 2003).
849:Gracer R (February 2007).
822:Boseley S (17 June 2006).
622:10.1164/rccm.201407-1198PP
559:10.1007/s13194-023-00519-8
495:Combined drug intoxication
192:
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1227:World Health Organization
1181:World Health Organization
950:Obstetrics and Gynecology
731:10.1186/s12913-015-1160-1
462:. The drug, though still
99:World Health Organization
90:Possible side effects of
82:Frequency of side effects
543:"What are side effects?"
52:also have side effects.
1078:"Premature Ejaculation"
591:"Nicotine Side Effects"
523:Unintended consequences
500:Conservative management
466:, is now used to treat
446:from 1957 to 1961 as a
301:has been used to treat
200:intended effects, are:
130:Uncommon (infrequent),
63:have long been used as
1036:. 2004. Archived from
426:-adrenergic antagonist
408:pulmonary hypertension
321:postherpetic neuralgia
219:from diseases such as
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25:. For other uses, see
1244:Clinical pharmacology
1001:10.1176/ajp.140.7.957
505:Drug-drug interaction
489:Adverse drug reaction
436:(excessive sweating).
398:premature ejaculation
341:restless leg syndrome
89:
50:traditional medicines
511:Paradoxical reaction
221:diabetic retinopathy
213:macular degeneration
65:an imaging technique
1065:on 11 October 2008.
926:on 13 November 2011
781:2018PLoSO..1303800M
701:. 1 September 2009.
698:European commission
174:European Commission
114:Common (frequent),
1208:"MedEffect Canada"
1122:(Suppl 10): 9–118.
456:born without limbs
450:and treatment for
359:in obstetrics for
255:epileptic seizures
95:
1043:on 9 August 2007.
474:, and is on the
379:ectopic pregnancy
357:Magnesium sulfate
239:(Wellbutrin), an
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452:morning sickness
444:over the counter
337:neuropathic pain
325:essential tremor
251:bipolar disorder
162:Very rare, <
71:for ablation of
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1201:External links
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307:antihistamine
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289:betamethasone
286:
285:Dexamethasone
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275:neuromyotonia
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247:Carbamazepine
245:
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231:Buprenorphine
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924:the original
920:Leeheymd.com
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864:19 September
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440:Thalidomide
430:diaphoresis
388:medication
347:Hydroxyzine
329:hot flashes
309:properties.
205:Bevacizumab
195:Serendipity
38:side effect
1179:. Geneva:
724:(1): 505.
529:References
404:Sildenafil
390:sertraline
351:anxiolytic
313:Gabapentin
303:angioedema
269:syndrome,
193:See also:
1092:17 August
1076:Deem SG.
930:17 August
858:naabt.org
553:(1): 16.
460:stillborn
418:Terazosin
412:erections
237:Bupropion
183:caused by
73:malignant
1238:Category
1183:. 2021.
1163:23041000
1155:18217788
1086:Archived
1013:Archived
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830:. London
809:30212555
769:PLOS ONE
750:26554666
638:43763340
630:25006874
577:36936702
568:10006551
483:See also
333:migraine
317:seizures
261:(ADHD),
92:nicotine
34:medicine
1009:6859336
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777:Bibcode
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468:cancers
299:Doxepin
209:Avastin
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866:2015
836:2010
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626:PMID
573:PMID
470:and
432:and
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