149:
95:
122:
113:
132:
158:
104:
1006:, hence they managed to cut off the northern ports including Beirut from Fatimid support by land. In addition, the Fatimids had to disperse their forces including 2,000 soldiers and 20 ships in each of the remaining ports, until the main support could arrive from Egypt. Beginning on 15 February 1102, the Crusaders began harassing Beirut, until the Fatimid army arrived in early May.
1084:
in the neighborhood. The defenders had to defend the walls with no rest by day and by night for two months, until some crusaders managed to leap over the walls to open the gates for the attackers. With the gates being open, the inhabitants escaped to the port, yet the blockade forced them to retreat,
1067:
Our people lay siege to
Beyrout both by sea and land, and being joined by Bertram, the noble count of Tripoli, after a two months' siege, having brought wooden towers up to the walls and joined them to the walls by ladders, forced their way into the city, and slew many of the citizens, cast the rest
1092:. On 13 May 1110, Baldwin captured the city by assault after a seventy-five-day siege. The Italians conducted a massacre among the inhabitants, in which 20,000 Arabs might have been possibly killed by the attackers in Beirut.
1025:. The pilgrims were either slain or taken as slaves to Egypt. Hence, controlling the ports became urgent for the safety of pilgrims, in addition to the arrival of men and supply from Europe.
293:
221:
1080:
wrote that
Baldwin and Bertrand ordered galleys from the nearby controlled ports to blockade Beirut, while constructing all siege towers, ladders, bridges and catapults from the
1459:
1464:
1474:
214:
1318:
1409:
1342:
1290:
207:
1469:
795:
1435:
1387:
1368:
494:
445:
430:
651:
766:
710:
626:
715:
975:
903:
546:
435:
161:
1479:
591:
499:
268:
1418:
1351:
859:
854:
825:
805:
800:
661:
298:
849:
720:
676:
631:
581:
519:
504:
400:
283:
913:
616:
908:
893:
835:
691:
671:
967:
928:
771:
742:
730:
681:
514:
480:
475:
470:
460:
420:
365:
345:
340:
278:
152:
1484:
918:
888:
820:
696:
621:
601:
509:
425:
390:
933:
883:
785:
666:
611:
596:
355:
315:
98:
148:
94:
1121:
790:
686:
571:
556:
455:
450:
440:
288:
253:
576:
325:
320:
107:
76:
1332:
121:
1431:
1405:
1383:
1364:
1338:
1314:
1286:
1072:
in the country of
Phoenicia ... it is fertile and fair, with fruit trees, woods and vineyards.
1034:
1003:
979:
963:
646:
636:
551:
385:
303:
258:
199:
135:
116:
1428:
Settlement and
Crusade in the Thirteenth Century: Multidisciplinary Studies of the Latin East
1109:
1068:
into chains and held them captive . . . Beyrout is a city on the seashore between Sidon and
1060:
1038:
878:
866:
830:
656:
606:
566:
541:
536:
465:
415:
410:
395:
360:
350:
273:
125:
1053:
tried in vain to break the blockade. In the meantime, the Beirut's defenders destroyed one
1397:
1077:
923:
842:
725:
561:
370:
335:
330:
263:
1278:
1117:
898:
754:
747:
641:
531:
487:
380:
1453:
1046:
1022:
955:
873:
812:
778:
761:
703:
586:
405:
247:
1402:
A History of the
Crusades, Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East
112:
1328:
1042:
938:
1054:
131:
157:
103:
1081:
1105:
1101:
1010:
1088:
However, the
Fatimid governor fled by night through the Italian fleet to
231:
28:
1426:
Shotten-Hallel, Vardit R. (2021). Gil
Fishhof; Judith Bronstein (eds.).
1014:
1113:
1089:
1069:
1057:, but the attackers managed to build another two to storm the walls.
959:
235:
55:
51:
990:
By 1101, the
Crusaders had controlled the southern ports including
1050:
1018:
999:
995:
991:
203:
1009:
In late autumn 1102, ships carrying
Christian pilgrims to the
1186:
1184:
1013:were forced by storm to land in the vicinity of
1085:hence they became trapped between two enemies.
1065:
21:
1226:
1116:'s invasion. By the end of the year, Baldwin
1108:, then he hurried along with Bertrand to the
1100:After the fall of Beirut, Baldwin celebrated
215:
8:
1361:Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century
222:
208:
200:
18:
1460:Sieges involving the Kingdom of Jerusalem
1404:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1063:, a historian of the Crusades, reported:
1262:
1202:
1190:
1163:
867:End of the Crusader states in the Levant
1311:The Routledge Companion to the Crusades
1214:
1132:
1041:ships started to blockade the harbour,
1465:Sieges involving the Fatimid Caliphate
1238:
1175:
1139:
954:was an event in the aftermath of the
7:
1250:
1151:
14:
1475:1110s in the Kingdom of Jerusalem
974:May 1110, with the assistance of
156:
147:
130:
120:
111:
102:
93:
1334:The Crusades Through Arab Eyes
1:
16:1110 battle of the Crusaders
178:Twenty-two Genovese galleys
176:Unknown number of Crusaders
1501:
1470:Military history of Beirut
1380:Medieval Ships and Warfare
526:Period post-Second Crusade
1285:. Yale University Press.
737:Period post-Third Crusade
310:Period post-First Crusade
244:
185:
170:
141:
87:
34:
26:
1430:. Taylor & Francis.
1382:. Taylor & Francis.
1359:Rogers, Randall (1997).
1302:Beirut Through the Ages
1300:Jidejian, Nina (1973).
1074:
1033:By February 1110, the
968:Baldwin I of Jerusalem
962:was captured from the
958:. The coastal city of
153:Baldwin I of Jerusalem
142:Commanders and leaders
42:February – 13 May 1110
1419:registration required
1352:registration required
1120:with assistance from
914:Lord Edward's Crusade
186:Casualties and losses
1378:Rose, Susan (2017).
1309:Lock, Peter (2006).
976:Bertrand of Toulouse
162:Bertrand of Toulouse
99:Kingdom of Jerusalem
1363:. Clarendon Press.
1283:The Crusader States
1227:Shotten-Hallel 2021
904:Krak des Chevaliers
1320:9-78-0-415-39312-6
1122:Sigurd I of Norway
772:3rd Constantinople
767:2nd Constantinople
672:2nd Belvoir Castle
632:1st Belvoir Castle
495:1st Constantinople
166:Governor of Beirut
108:County of Toulouse
77:Lordship of Beirut
1480:Conflicts in 1110
1411:978-0-521-06162-9
1344:978-0-86356-023-1
1304:. Dar el-Machreq.
1292:978-0-300-11312-9
1112:to fight against
966:by the forces of
947:
946:
234:: battles in the
198:
197:
136:Fatimid Caliphate
117:Republic of Genoa
83:
82:
1492:
1441:
1422:
1415:
1398:Runciman, Steven
1393:
1374:
1355:
1348:
1324:
1305:
1296:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1110:County of Edessa
1061:Jacques de Vitry
973:
239:
224:
217:
210:
201:
160:
151:
134:
126:Republic of Pisa
124:
115:
106:
97:
66:Crusader victory
36:
35:
19:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1438:
1425:
1416:
1412:
1396:
1390:
1377:
1371:
1358:
1349:
1345:
1327:
1321:
1308:
1299:
1293:
1279:Barber, Malcolm
1277:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1245:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1221:
1213:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1189:
1182:
1174:
1170:
1162:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1098:
1078:William of Tyre
1031:
988:
971:
952:siege of Beirut
948:
943:
843:Seventh Crusade
240:
230:
228:
177:
155:
119:
110:
101:
72:
58:
22:Siege of Beirut
17:
12:
11:
5:
1498:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1452:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1436:
1423:
1410:
1394:
1388:
1375:
1369:
1356:
1343:
1325:
1319:
1306:
1297:
1291:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1265:, p. 116.
1255:
1243:
1231:
1219:
1207:
1195:
1180:
1168:
1156:
1144:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1118:captured Sidon
1097:
1094:
1030:
1027:
987:
984:
945:
944:
942:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
899:Eighth Crusade
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
863:
862:
857:
852:
839:
838:
833:
828:
823:
809:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
775:
774:
769:
764:
755:Fourth Crusade
751:
750:
745:
734:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
700:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
523:
522:
517:
512:
510:Meander Valley
507:
502:
497:
488:Second Crusade
484:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
431:Marj al-Saffar
428:
423:
418:
413:
411:Jaffa and Tyre
408:
403:
401:Ager Sanguinis
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
307:
306:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
245:
242:
241:
229:
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226:
219:
212:
204:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
183:
182:
179:
173:
172:
168:
167:
164:
144:
143:
139:
138:
128:
90:
89:
85:
84:
81:
80:
74:
68:
67:
64:
60:
59:
50:
48:
44:
43:
40:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1497:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1448:
1446:
1439:
1437:9780429515712
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1389:9781351918497
1385:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1370:9780191591815
1366:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1346:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1329:Maalouf, Amin
1326:
1322:
1316:
1313:. Routledge.
1312:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1264:
1263:Runciman 1989
1259:
1256:
1253:, p. 31.
1252:
1247:
1244:
1241:, p. 99.
1240:
1235:
1232:
1229:, p. 62.
1228:
1223:
1220:
1217:, p. 81.
1216:
1211:
1208:
1205:, p. 74.
1204:
1203:Runciman 1989
1199:
1196:
1193:, p. 83.
1192:
1191:Jidejian 1973
1187:
1185:
1181:
1178:, p. 75.
1177:
1172:
1169:
1166:, p. 82.
1165:
1164:Jidejian 1973
1160:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1142:, p. 93.
1141:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:Fatimid ships
1040:
1036:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
985:
983:
981:
977:
969:
965:
961:
957:
956:First Crusade
953:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
870:
869:
868:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
846:
845:
844:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
826:3rd Jerusalem
824:
822:
819:
818:
817:
816:
815:and aftermath
814:
813:Sixth Crusade
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
783:
782:
781:
780:
779:Fifth Crusade
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
758:
757:
756:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
739:
738:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
708:
707:
706:
705:
704:Third Crusade
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
662:2nd Jerusalem
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
529:
528:
527:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
500:2nd Dorylaeum
498:
496:
493:
492:
491:
490:
489:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
313:
312:
311:
305:
302:
300:
299:1st Jerusalem
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
269:1st Dorylaeum
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:First Crusade
243:
237:
233:
225:
220:
218:
213:
211:
206:
205:
202:
193:
190:
189:
184:
180:
175:
174:
169:
165:
163:
159:
154:
150:
146:
145:
140:
137:
133:
129:
127:
123:
118:
114:
109:
105:
100:
96:
92:
91:
86:
78:
75:
70:
69:
65:
62:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:
45:
41:
38:
37:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1485:1110 in Asia
1447:
1444:
1427:
1401:
1379:
1360:
1333:
1310:
1301:
1282:
1258:
1246:
1234:
1222:
1215:Maalouf 1984
1210:
1198:
1171:
1159:
1147:
1135:
1099:
1087:
1075:
1066:
1059:
1032:
1008:
989:
951:
949:
865:
864:
860:2nd Fariskur
855:2nd Mansurah
850:3rd Damietta
841:
840:
811:
810:
806:1st Mansurah
801:1st Fariskur
796:2nd Damietta
777:
776:
753:
752:
736:
735:
702:
701:
617:Jacob's Ford
582:1st Damietta
525:
524:
515:Mount Cadmus
486:
485:
375:
336:2nd Heraclea
331:1st Heraclea
309:
308:
246:
88:Belligerents
27:Part of the
1239:Barber 2012
1176:Rogers 1997
1154:, p. .
1140:Barber 2012
1055:siege tower
929:3rd Tripoli
909:2nd Tripoli
894:2nd Antioch
836:3rd Ascalon
786:Mount Tabor
716:Philomelion
577:2nd Bilbeis
567:1st Bilbeis
542:2nd Ascalon
476:Edessa 1146
471:Edessa 1144
466:2nd Shaizar
391:Al-Sannabra
386:1st Shaizar
351:1st Tripoli
304:1st Ascalon
284:2nd Antioch
274:1st Antioch
238:(1096–1303)
79:was created
71:Territorial
1454:Categories
1128:References
1082:pine trees
1076:Moreover,
986:Background
687:Al-Shughur
612:Marj Ayyun
597:Montgisard
592:Alexandria
547:Lake Huleh
461:2nd Aleppo
436:al-Atharib
421:1st Aleppo
254:Xerigordos
1400:(1989) .
1251:Lock 2006
1152:Rose 2017
1106:Jerusalem
1102:Pentecost
1096:Aftermath
1011:Holy Land
874:2nd Arsuf
791:Machghara
743:2nd Jaffa
731:1st Jaffa
726:1st Arsuf
652:2nd Kerak
642:1st Kerak
572:al-Babein
557:al-Buqaia
451:Qinnasrin
441:Rafaniyya
366:3rd Ramla
346:2nd Ramla
341:1st Ramla
1337:. SAQI.
1331:(1984).
1281:(2012).
1004:Caesarea
964:Fatimids
934:4th Acre
879:Caesarea
711:3rd Acre
677:Laodicea
667:3rd Tyre
622:2nd Acre
520:Damascus
356:1st Acre
326:Mersivan
321:Melitene
279:Samosata
232:Crusades
171:Strength
47:Location
29:Crusades
1272:Sources
1070:Biblium
1035:Genoese
1015:Ascalon
982:fleet.
980:Genoese
721:Iconium
692:Bourzey
647:Cresson
637:Al-Fule
627:Red Sea
552:Butaiha
505:Ephesus
446:Antioch
289:Ma'arra
259:Civetot
194:Unknown
191:Unknown
181:Unknown
73:changes
1434:
1408:
1386:
1367:
1341:
1317:
1289:
1114:Mawdud
1090:Cyprus
978:and a
972:
960:Beirut
924:Margat
831:Forbie
682:Sahyun
657:Hattin
607:Banias
537:Aintab
456:Ba'rin
416:Yibneh
396:Sarmin
376:Beirut
361:Harran
264:Nicaea
236:Levant
63:Result
56:Levant
52:Beirut
1051:Sidon
1045:from
1039:Pisan
1029:Siege
1019:Sidon
1000:Arsuf
996:Haifa
992:Jaffa
970:on 13
889:Safed
884:Haifa
748:Toron
697:Safed
562:Harim
481:Bosra
381:Sidon
371:Artah
316:Arsuf
1432:ISBN
1406:ISBN
1384:ISBN
1365:ISBN
1339:ISBN
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1049:and
1047:Tyre
1037:and
1023:Tyre
1021:and
1002:and
950:The
939:Ruad
919:Homs
821:Gaza
762:Zara
602:Hama
587:Ayla
532:Inab
426:Azaz
294:Arqa
39:Date
1104:in
406:Hab
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1183:^
1124:.
1017:,
998:,
994:,
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223:e
216:t
209:v
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