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Battle of Prairie du Chien

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inside Fort Shelby were beginning to run short of ammunition and other supplies. More pressing, the well inside the fort had run dry, and an attempt to deepen it led to its total collapse. Meanwhile, upset at the lack of progress, Colonel McKay began making plans to break the stalemate by firing red hot cannonballs into the fort to set it ablaze. Lieutenant Perkins offered to surrender if the British would guarantee his men's safety. McKay agreed but asked that Perkins delay formal surrender until the next day so that he could ensure that the Indian forces accompanying the British would not threaten the Americans.
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brother and the wife of a Sioux chief, imprisoned and shot after inviting them to meet with him. Clark later wrote that several Winnebago men had been shot while trying to escape. The historian Gillum Ferguson says that "Exactly what happened is impossible to determine". However, this incident encouraged the Indians of the region to support the British and oppose the Americans.
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On July 20, the Americans officially surrendered and vacated the fort. Under the terms of the surrender, the British were given control of the fort and the Americans' arms, ammunition, and provisions, while the American troops were allowed to return to St. Louis. 60 Americans of the 7th Infantry were
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On July 17, the British force arrived at Prairie du Chien. Late in the morning, Thomas Anderson approached Fort Shelby to deliver Perkins a note demanding the Americans' unconditional surrender. Perkins refused and prepared to defend the fort. The battle began early in the afternoon when the British
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of Kentucky. Seeing that construction of the small wooden fort was underway, Governor Clark left to return to St. Louis on June 7. The Americans made steady progress on the fort, and although the defenses were unfinished, the barracks were occupied by June 19. Around the time that the fort was being
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in 1783, the Americans made little effort to maintain a presence in the far western settlement. Thus, it remained largely under British influence into the 19th century. In the spring of 1814, American forces decided to secure the location, realizing that if it fell to the British, there would be no
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With the gunboat gone, the British concentrated their fire on Fort Shelby, but the British cannon proved less effective. The Americans and the British maintained a steady exchange of gunfire throughout the next day, but to no avail for either side. However, by the third day of battle the Americans
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Upon their arrival at Prairie du Chien, the American force captured some Winnebago. According to the Winnebago chief Tete de Chien, the Americans gave these prisoners food, then shot them while they were eating. Tete de Chien also said that Clark had another four Indians, including Tete de Chien's
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Perkins had been able to send messages asking for help to St. Louis. Major John Campbell had hastily led 120 assorted regulars and rangers up the river in six boats, but was ambushed by several hundred Sauk, Fox and Kickapoo at the Rock Island Rapids on 22 July. He was able to fight his way clear
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The British force took possession of Fort Shelby, which was renamed Fort McKay. Meanwhile, the Americans had returned to St. Louis by August 6. In September, the United States sent a second force upriver towards Prairie du Chien to recapture the fort, but it was turned back at the
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reached Prairie du Chien in the spring of 1815. The treaty returned Prairie du Chien to the United States, so the British force abandoned the fort on May 25, burning it in their retreat. In the following year, the United States constructed
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of the 24th Infantry took command of the regulars. On May 1, Governor Clark and the combined forces under Perkins, Yeizer and Sullivan began moving up the Mississippi River en route to Prairie du Chien. On May 17, they scattered some
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occupied, the sixty-day terms of service for the volunteers led by Yeizer and Sullivan expired. Most of these men went home with Sullivan, although Yeizer and some men in his company agreed to stay aboard the American river gunboat
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and 140 volunteers who agreed to join the force for sixty days under the command of Frederick Yeizer and John Sullivan. Shortly after the force was assembled, Taylor left for personal reasons. In his place, Lieutenant
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and compelled it to retreat downriver. The boat carried the Americans' cannon and a substantial supply of goods and ammunition, as well as the volunteers still under the command of Frederick Yeizer.
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was a small frontier settlement with residents loyal to both American and British causes. By 1814, both nations were anxious to control the site because of its importance to the
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Returns of Killed and Wounded in Battles or Engagements with Indians and British and Mexican Troops, 1790-1848, Compiled by Lt. Col J. H. Eaton (Eaton's Compilation)
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Eaton, p. 20, which reports the killed and wounded from the official U.S. casualty return. Gilpin and other sources give only 5 American wounded for the engagement
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of the Michigan Fencibles was made a local Lieutenant Colonel and put in command of the force. Having collected additional militia volunteers and Native Americans
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warriors. Perhaps the most important part of the force was a brass 3-pounder gun, under the charge of Sergeant James Keating of the
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The American force arrived in Prairie du Chien on June 2. A few days later, on June 6, they began building a
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captured, 7 of them wounded, while the British force had 3 Native Americans wounded.
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tribes. To respond to the American threat, he dispatched a force consisting of the
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over the site of the battle in order to gain tighter control over the land.
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Although Prairie du Chien became a part of the United States following the
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warriors who attempted to bar their passage at the Rock Island rapids.
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unexpectedly arrived. Campbell's force had suffered 35 casualties.
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on a large mound north of the main village. The fort was named
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The War of 1812 in Wisconsin: the battle for Prairie du Chien
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The War of 1812 in Wisconsin: the battle for Prairie du Chien
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Amateurs to Arms: A Military History of the War of 1812
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Sometimes referred to as the Siege of Prairie du Chien.
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and its strategic location at the intersection of the
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Word of the American advance reached the British at
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(1999). 908: 217: 8: 883:Articles from the Upper Mississippi Brigade 707: 705: 703: 701: 1657: 1626: 1477: 1247: 957: 915: 901: 893: 827:(Wisconsin Historical Society Press, 2016) 745:(Wisconsin Historical Society Press, 2016) 467:victory in the far western theater of the 224: 210: 202: 28: 719: 717: 2063:Battles and conflicts without fatalities 414: 697: 419:The Upper Mississippi River during the 1978: 7: 2000: 867:The War of 1812 in the Old Northwest 2048:Pre-statehood history of Wisconsin 25: 2010: 1999: 1988: 1977: 1966: 1955: 1616: 1466: 1236: 946: 509:obstacle to a British attack on 583:on June 21. Lieutenant Colonel 102:British-Native American victory 1: 1414:Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek 171: 2078:Battles in the Old Northwest 427:, the U.S. headquarters; 2: 2058:Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin 938:Timeline of the War of 1812 848:. 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650: 646: 642: 637: 634: 624: 570: 561: 556: 552:Isaac Shelby 541: 503: 460: 458: 445:Fort Johnson 433:Fort Madison 335:Africa Point 318:Mississinewa 263:River Canard 111:Belligerents 37:Part of the 1881:Lake Borgne 1835:Great Lakes 1518:Beaver Dams 1490:Chateauguay 1429:Sinquefield 1419:Fort Bowyer 1394:Holy Ground 1389:Canoe Fight 1361:Mississippi 1123:Plattsburgh 1067:North Point 1057:Bladensburg 1024:New Orleans 925:War of 1812 548:Fort Shelby 489:Great Lakes 469:War of 1812 455:, May 1815. 437:Fort Shelby 421:War of 1812 196:53 captured 86: / 39:War of 1812 2032:Categories 1962:definition 1929:See also: 1914:Valparaiso 1873:Gulf Coast 1853:Lake Huron 1806:Macedonian 1728:Chesapeake 1593:Port Dover 1379:Burnt Corn 1331:Frenchtown 1326:Brownstown 1293:Tippecanoe 1217:Alexandria 1174:Stephenson 1133:Black Rock 1118:Ogdensburg 1029:St. Philip 988:Washington 818:References 619:. Captain 495:Background 429:Fort Osage 397:Lake Huron 345:Fort Meigs 330:Frenchtown 308:Fort Wayne 273:Brownstown 251:Tippecanoe 74:91°08′50″W 71:43°02′40″N 1973:textbooks 1935:Creek War 1909:Nuku Hiva 1843:Lake Erie 1825:La Guaira 1794:Guerriere 1736:President 1639:Pensacola 1598:Gananoque 1548:Longwoods 1452:Sink Hole 1404:Talladega 1072:Baltimore 1016:Louisiana 660:Aftermath 652:when the 609:Winnebago 605:Menominee 511:St. Louis 477:fur trade 377:Longwoods 355:Lake Erie 191:3 wounded 132:Winnebago 127:Menominee 1949:Category 1782:Reindeer 1712:Dominica 1688:Epervier 1603:2nd Erie 1583:1st Erie 1523:Chippawa 1439:Missouri 1374:Autossee 1351:Mackinac 1318:Michigan 1303:Harrison 1260:Dearborn 1252:Illinois 1194:Virginia 1156:Ocracoke 1100:New York 1039:Maryland 962:Delaware 625:en route 581:Michigan 483:and the 451:and the 166:Strength 57:Location 1804:vs HMS 1792:vs HMS 1774:Peacock 1751:vs HMS 1704:Penguin 1631:Florida 1346:Detroit 1341:Maguaga 1280:Indiana 1128:Niagara 1113:Buffalo 1090:Hampden 998:Georgia 465:British 288:Detroit 278:Maguaga 2015:  2004:  1993:  1984:quotes 1982:  1971:  1960:  1941:, and 1848:Oswego 1696:Frolic 1573:Thames 1538:George 852:  785:  631:Battle 525:Major 523:Brevet 463:was a 360:Thames 99:Result 2006:media 1767:Fayal 1720:Argus 1680:Cyane 1672:Boxer 1369:Bashi 1308:Wayne 1184:Meigs 1179:Copus 1082:Maine 1006:Peter 970:Lewes 692:Notes 423:. 1: 1800:USS 1788:USS 1780:HMS 1772:HMS 1761:Avon 1759:HMS 1753:Java 1747:USS 1734:USS 1726:USS 1718:USS 1710:HMS 1702:HMS 1694:HMS 1686:HMS 1678:HMS 1670:HMS 1578:York 1424:Mims 1166:Ohio 850:ISBN 783:ISBN 611:and 544:fort 537:Sauk 459:The 371:1814 324:1813 257:1812 245:1811 174:650 49:Date 613:Fox 575:on 137:Fox 2034:: 1937:, 1933:, 716:^ 700:^ 607:, 579:, 513:. 491:. 172:c. 916:e 909:t 902:v 858:. 791:. 225:e 218:t 211:v 20:)

Index

Siege of Prairie du Chien
War of 1812
Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin
43°02′40″N 91°08′50″W / 43.04444°N 91.14722°W / 43.04444; -91.14722
United Kingdom
Native Americans
Menominee
Winnebago
Fox
United States
William McKay
v
t
e
Tippecanoe
River Canard
Fort Mackinac (1812)
Brownstown
Maguaga
Fort Dearborn
Detroit
Credit Island
Fort Harrison
Copus massacre
Fort Wayne
Wild Cat Creek
Mississinewa
Frenchtown
Africa Point
Tipton's Island

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