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108:
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174:
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187:
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after five weeks, on 4 September, two large gunpowder mines exploded under the bastion of
England, causing a 12-yard (11 m) portion of the wall to fall into the moat. The attackers immediately assaulted this breach and soon gained control of it, but a counterattack by the English brothers under Fra' Nicholas Hussey and Grand Master Villiers de L'Isle-Adam succeeded in driving them back. Twice more the Turks assaulted the breach that day, but the English and German brothers held the gap.
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On 22 December, the representatives of the city's Latin and Greek inhabitants accepted
Suleiman's terms, which were generous. The knights were given twelve days to leave the island and would be allowed to take their weapons, valuables, and religious icons. Islanders who wished to leave could do so at
487:
engineer, and the Turks now focused their efforts on undermining the ramparts and blowing them up with mines while maintaining their continuous artillery barrages. The regularity of the locations where the mines were detonated under the walls (which generally rest on rock) has led to the suggestion
474:
The Turks blockaded the harbour and bombarded the town with field artillery from the land side, followed by almost daily infantry attacks. They also sought to undermine the fortifications through tunnels and mines. The artillery fire was slow in inflicting serious damage to the massive walls, but
500:
was declared for 11–13 December to allow negotiations, but when the locals demanded further assurances for their safety, Suleiman was angered and ordered the bombardment and assaults to resume. The bastion of Spain fell on 17 December. With most of the walls now destroyed, it was only a matter of
530:
The siege of Rhodes ended with an
Ottoman victory. The conquest of Rhodes was a major step towards Ottoman control over the eastern Mediterranean and greatly eased their maritime communications between Constantinople and Cairo and the Levantine ports. Later, in 1669, from this base Ottoman Turks
478:
On 24 September, Mustafa Pasha ordered a massive assault upon the bastions of Spain, England, Provence, and Italy. After a day of furious fighting, during which the bastion of Spain changed hands twice, Suleiman eventually called off the attack. He sentenced
Mustafa Pasha, his brother-in-law, to
495:
Another major assault at the end of
November was repelled, but both sides were now exhausted—the knights were reaching the end of their strength with no relief forces expected, while the Turkish troops were increasingly demoralized and depleted by combat fatalities and disease in their camps.
561:
Piri Mehmed Pasha played an important role in the expedition. However, upon his return to
Istanbul he faced accusations of bribery relating to an alleged previous incident in Egypt, possibly fabricated by his rival Ahmed Pasha, who sought to strip him of his title of grand vizier.
3707:
372:
of the order. Expecting a new
Ottoman attack on Rhodes, he continued to strengthen the city's fortifications, and called upon the order's knights elsewhere in Europe to come to the island's defence. The rest of Europe ignored his request for assistance, but Sir
430:
that the attackers had to climb down before storming the city wall. The ditch is enfiladed by the Tower of St. John, its bulwark and lower wall providing vertically stacked fields of overlapping fire. The stone cannonballs seen in the ditch are from the
455:(for Qarish): 11. Latin inscription TURIS + S + NICOLAI + PRO + DEFÉSOR, "For the defence of Saint-Nicholas Tower". Caliber: 23.0 centimetres (9.1 in) length: 255 centimetres (100 in) weight:1,427 kilograms (3,146 lb). Remitted by
496:
Suleiman offered the defenders peace, their lives, and food if they surrendered, but death or slavery if the Turks were compelled to take the city by force. Pressed by the townspeople, Villiers de L'Isle-Adam agreed to negotiate. A
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On 1 January 1523, the remaining knights and soldiers marched out of the town, with banners flying, drums beating, and in battle armour. They boarded the 50 ships which had been made available to them and sailed to
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parapets were replaced with slanting ones suitable for artillery fights. A team of masons, labourers, and slaves did the construction work, with the Muslim slaves charged with the hardest labour.
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in 1515–1517, and provided with gun ports at the lowest level covering the ditch in every direction, for a total of three stacked tiers of cannon fire (two from the bulwark, one from the tower).
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709:, Rhodes. Caliber: 140 millimetres (5.5 in), length: 339 centimetres (133 in), weight: 2,533 kilograms (5,584 lb), ammunition: 10 kilograms (22 lb) iron ball. Remitted by
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Piri Mehmet Pasha , who was appointed as the vizier during the reign of Yavuz Sultan Selim, was found and participated in the Çaldıran campaign, the
Belgrade campaign and the Rhodes campaign
2171:
4317:
341:. In the most exposed land-facing sectors, the improvements included a thickening of the main wall, doubling of the width of the dry ditch, coupled with a transformation of the old
3773:
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324:. A first effort by the Ottomans to capture the island was repulsed by the order in 1480, but the continuing presence of the knights just off the southern coast of
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time before the city was forced to surrender. On 20 December, after several days of pressure from the townspeople, the Grand Master asked for a fresh truce.
1665:
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1334:
1406:
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Weir, William, 50 Battles That
Changed the World: The Conflicts That Most Influenced the Course of History, The Career Press, 2001. pp. 161–169.
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377:, prior of the order's Irish House, came alone. The city was protected by two and, in some places three, rings of stone walls and several large
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had been unsuccessful. Despite very strong defenses, the walls were demolished over the course of six months by
Turkish artillery and mines.
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55:
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death for his failure to take the city, but eventually spared his life after the pleas of other senior officials. Mustafa's replacement,
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1892:
706:
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1957:
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L' ordre de Saint-Jean-de-Jérusalem, l'Empire ottoman et la Méditerranée orientale entre les deux sièges de Rhodes : (1480–1522)
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186:
77:
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20:
2250:
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1962:
635:
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1801:
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is on the left and the main wall is further behind it, visible in the background; on the right of the wide dry ditch is the
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participated in the divan meetings, and Piri urged the Sultan to hurry to Rhodes. He then went to war with the Sultan.
335:
After the siege and earthquake, the fortress was greatly strengthened against artillery according to the new school of
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1991:
1857:
1354:
1314:
388:
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48:
42:
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1675:
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2747:
2680:
2426:
2377:
1974:
859:
687:
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59:
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4258:
4158:
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3321:
3248:
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2416:
2358:
2121:
2034:
1862:
1700:
639:
448:
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249:(703 Knights Hospitallers of St. John, including men from Spain, France, Germany, Italy, England, and Portugal)
215:
4457:
2903:
2508:
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1947:
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During the reign of Yavuz and Kanuni, Piri Mehmet Pasha, who defended the need for the capture of Rhodes
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When the Turkish invasion force of 400 ships arrived on Rhodes on 26 June 1522, they were commanded by
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1967:
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The Tower of St. John at the east end of the English sector. The tower was built under Grand Master
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627:
203:
2642:
1054:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015
444:
122:
1114:
Defenders of the Faith: Charles V, Suleyman the Magnificent, and the Battle for Europe, 1520–36
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1996:
1986:
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1057:
971:
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893:
826:
822:
532:
399:
682:, the bombard was used for close defence of the walls (100–200 metres). It fired 260 kg
471:. Suleiman himself arrived with the army of 100,000 men on 28 July to take personal charge.
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1480:
1222:
551:
277:
179:
4629:
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4011:
4001:
3880:
3816:
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2738:
2689:
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1981:
1904:
1811:
1766:
1134:
864:
452:
321:
312:
stronghold in Palestine. From Rhodes, they became an active part of the trade in the
285:
1171:
510:
any time within a three-year period. No church would be desecrated or turned into a
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1207:
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342:
305:
19:
This article is about the final siege by the Ottomans in 1522. For other uses, see
710:
514:. Those remaining on the island would be free of Ottoman taxation for five years.
456:
965:
934:
917:
887:
538:
The Knights Hospitaller initially moved to Sicily, but, in 1530, were granted by
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4006:
3743:
3719:
3611:
2039:
113:
4607:
284:
from their island stronghold and thereby secure Ottoman control of the Eastern
3752:
2029:
2024:
1401:
358:
313:
1080:
4336:
4284:
3728:
3669:
3619:
1842:
1738:
1490:
1106:
1176:
611:(1461–1467). Finally the large pentagonal bulwark was built in front of it
1037:
4409:
4269:
4177:
2156:
1909:
702:
604:
423:
354:
346:
325:
309:
4327:
1748:
683:
489:
378:
350:
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4353:
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1728:
1531:
1526:
1500:
1495:
511:
317:
301:
146:
658:
The Tower of Italy had a round bulwark built around by Grand Master
522:(a Venetian possession), accompanied by several thousand civilians.
492:
of the Hellenistic city buried beneath the medieval city of Rhodes.
4121:
2044:
1743:
1536:
1521:
1516:
543:
519:
497:
484:
434:
417:
936:
Venetians and Knights Hospitallers Military Architecture Networks
4297:
3865:
547:
357:
enfilading the ditch. Gates were reduced in number, and the old
276:
of 1522 was the second and ultimately successful attempt by the
3554:
2175:
1180:
300:
The Knights of St. John, or Knights Hospitallers, had captured
800:
The Ottoman Centuries: The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire
27:
488:
that the Turkish miners may have taken advantage of ancient
263:
114,000 dead (50,000 from disease & 64,000 from battle)
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
642:
Vitar: 45, Chap: 14, Qarish: 13. Siege of Rhodes (1522),
381:. The defence was assigned in sections to the different
1172:
Fortresses of the Knights – The fortifications of Rhodes
1091:, Travel guides (Ekdotikē Athēnōn), Ekdotike Athenon,
422:
The English Post, the scene of heaviest fighting; the
1089:
The Knights of Rhodes : the palace and the city
817:
Konstantin Nossov; Brian Delf (illustrator) (2010).
439:
Cannon of the Hospitallers at Saint-Nicholas Tower (
304:
in the early 14th century after the loss in 1291 of
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4408:
4397:
4371:
4283:
4249:
4176:
4120:
4113:
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4032:
3919:
3909:
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3784:
3718:
3638:
3473:
3300:
3121:
2932:
2555:
2306:
2221:
2094:
2073:
2055:
Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes
2012:
2005:
1935:
1759:
1549:
1509:
1473:
1466:
1215:
1119:Smith, Robert Douglas and DeVries, Kelly (2011),
812:
810:
808:
316:, and at times harassed Turkish shipping in the
933:Anna Triposkoufi, Amalia Tsitouri, ed. (2002).
678:, Rhodes, 1480–1500. Founded at the request of
391:, behind which the order's fleet was anchored.
92:
1141:, Collection Turcica, 7 (in French), Peeters,
328:was a major obstacle to Ottoman expansion. An
3566:
2187:
1192:
729:List of campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent
8:
794:
792:
790:
788:
1666:County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos
4405:
4117:
3916:
3861:
3573:
3559:
3551:
2194:
2180:
2172:
2009:
1470:
1199:
1185:
1177:
779:
89:
686:balls. The bombard weighs 3,325 kg.
78:Learn how and when to remove this message
4636:Sieges involving the Knights Hospitaller
603:(1421–1437), and it had a gate. Later a
41:This article includes a list of general
761:
740:
607:was built around it under Grand Master
589:
120:at the siege of Rhodes, miniature from
889:Alfabetik Osmanlı tarihi ansiklopedisi
848:
846:
844:
842:
886:Tolga Uslubaş, Yılmaz Keskin (2007).
550:, and the North African port city of
7:
4646:Rhodes under the Knights Hospitaller
1777:Latin Patriarchate of Constantinople
398:, was convinced to attack Rhodes by
4651:Sieges involving the Ottoman Empire
4323:Church of Saint Mary of the Germans
1073:The two sieges of Rhodes, 1480–1522
320:to secure control over the eastern
1958:Catholic Church in the Middle East
1875:Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat
451:inscriptions Vitar: 35, Chap: 16,
47:it lacks sufficient corresponding
16:Part of the Ottoman wars in Europe
14:
3590:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
4606:
4583:
4567:
4342:
4318:Church of Saint John the Baptist
3965:
3933:
3893:
3874:
3761:
3751:
3742:
3727:
3624:
3593:
3582:
2203:
1893:Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
1457:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1427:
1038:Sir William Davenant (1606–1668)
819:The Fortress of Rhodes 1309–1522
707:Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
695:
667:
651:
620:
592:
366:Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
229:Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam
196:
185:
172:
106:
32:
3807:Orders, decorations, and medals
1963:Latin Church in the Middle East
970:. Motto Yayınları. p. 91.
892:. Karma Kitaplar. p. 482.
615:1487, and the gate was removed.
575:wrote the first English opera,
4491:Conquest of Rhodes (1306–1310)
3738:Order of Malta Ambulance Corps
1412:Fall of the Republic of Venice
1320:Hospitaller conquest of Rhodes
1265:War of the Euboeote Succession
1121:Rhodes Besieged. A new history
554:, following an agreement with
1:
1123:, Stroud: The History Press,
922:. Fatih altıntop. p. 91.
389:blocked by a heavy iron chain
4602:Demolished or sparse remains
4389:Colonization of the Americas
1260:Genoese occupation of Rhodes
941:Hellenic Ministry of Culture
4579:(with year of proclamation)
4526:Great Siege of Malta (1565)
4384:Principality of Heitersheim
4075:St John (Conventual Church)
3900:Villa del Priorato di Malta
2127:Fortifications of Heraklion
1992:Heptanese school (painting)
1315:Revolt of Alexios Kallergis
1056:(4th ed.). McFarland.
387:. The harbour entrance was
4692:
4661:1522 in the Ottoman Empire
4264:Palace of the Grand Master
1676:Maona of Chios and Phocaea
1116:(New York: Penguin, 2009).
964:Osmanoğlu, Nilhan (2018).
747:520 Knights of Hospitaller
638:emblem and inscription in
332:shook the island in 1481.
137:26 June – 22 December 1522
18:
4562:
4541:Battle of Damietta (1732)
4476:Siege of Jerusalem (1187)
3602:
3539:Ottoman defeats shown in
3537:
1975:Catholic Church in Greece
1888:Juan Fernández de Heredia
1425:
1025:"1048 to the present day"
443:), 1510, Rhodes. Arms of
253:
234:
224:Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis
209:
165:
129:
105:
97:
4656:Suleiman the Magnificent
4531:Battle of Lepanto (1571)
2122:Fortifications of Chania
2035:Fortifications of Rhodes
1701:Duchy of the Archipelago
1407:7th Ottoman–Venetian War
1402:6th Ottoman–Venetian War
1390:5th Ottoman–Venetian War
1385:4th Ottoman–Venetian War
1380:3rd Ottoman–Venetian War
1370:2nd Ottoman–Venetian War
1360:1st Ottoman–Venetian War
916:Altintop, Fatih (2021).
581:, based on the incident.
353:around most towers, and
216:Suleiman the Magnificent
4521:Siege of Tripoli (1551)
4516:Invasion of Gozo (1551)
1562:Kingdom of Thessalonica
1087:Kollias, Ēlias (1991),
1071:Brockman, Eric (1969),
1052:Clodfelter, M. (2017).
349:), the construction of
345:into massive outworks (
62:more precise citations.
4613:Catholicism portal
4481:Battle of Arsuf (1191)
3992:Santa Margherita Lines
3733:Malteser International
3698:Diplomatic missions to
3693:Diplomatic missions of
1948:Chronicle of the Tocco
1943:Chronicle of the Morea
1802:Archbishops of Corinth
1696:Triarchy of Negroponte
1567:Principality of Achaea
1550:States and territories
1417:Treaty of Campo Formio
674:Bombard-mortar of the
609:Piero Raimundo Zacosta
464:
432:
210:Commanders and leaders
100:Ottoman wars in Europe
4676:Amphibious operations
4536:Raid on Żejtun (1614)
4042:Grand Master's Palace
3797:Flag and coat of arms
3618:, founded in 1099 in
1797:Archbishops of Patras
1340:Revolt of Saint Titus
1335:Byzantine–Genoese War
1014:Faroqhi (2006), p. 22
676:Knights of Saint John
660:Fabrizio del Carretto
483:, was an experienced
438:
421:
254:Casualties and losses
118:Knights of Saint John
112:Gun-wielding Ottoman
4546:Loss of Malta (1798)
4486:Siege of Acre (1291)
4154:Castille et Portugal
4149:Auvergne et Provence
3632:Kingdom of Jerusalem
2132:Gouverneto Monastery
2117:Fortezza of Rethymno
1898:Foulques de Villaret
1879:Knights Hospitaller
1853:Villehardouin family
1787:Princesses of Achaea
1734:Kingdom of the Morea
1637:Veligosti and Damala
1075:, (London:) Murray,
999:Fortress Study Group
967:Devlet gibi düşünmek
558:, himself a knight.
4590:World Heritage Site
4576:extraterritoriality
4349:Krak des Chevaliers
4090:Our Lady of Victory
3785:Society and culture
2152:Old Fortress, Corfu
2147:New Fortress, Corfu
2050:Old Navarino castle
2020:Argyrokastro Castle
1836:Charles I of Naples
1355:Vlastos' conspiracy
1280:Constantinople 1261
1275:Constantinople 1260
1255:Constantinople 1235
1250:Treaty of Nymphaeum
1233:Constantinople 1204
1228:Constantinople 1203
1112:Reston, James Jr.,
867:on 1 September 2021
860:İslâm Ansiklopedisi
632:Francis I of France
578:The Siege of Rhodes
469:Çoban Mustafa Pasha
244:72 guns and mortars
240:180,000–100,000 men
220:Çoban Mustafa Pasha
192:Knights Hospitaller
4080:Our Lady of Liesse
2086:Castle of Mytilene
1953:Assizes of Romania
1848:Pallavicini family
1710:Republic of Venice
1691:Hospitaller Rhodes
1661:Duchy of Neopatras
855:"PÎRÎ MEHMED PAŞA"
566:In popular culture
465:
441:Tour Saint-Nicolas
433:
204:Republic of Venice
4641:Conflicts in 1522
4621:
4620:
4558:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4495:Sieges of Rhodes
4293:Saint John d'Acre
4245:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4085:Our Lady of Pilar
3774:Ships of the line
3688:Foreign relations
3656:Sovereign Council
3616:international law
3612:sovereign subject
3608:order of chivalry
3548:
3547:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
1997:Cuisine of Greece
1987:Cretan literature
1883:Pierre d'Aubusson
1792:Baillis of Achaea
1782:Princes of Achaea
1686:Navarrese Company
1671:Lordship of Chios
1582:Argos and Nauplia
1545:
1544:
1285:Treaty of Viterbo
1238:Partitio Romaniae
1148:978-90-6831-632-2
1129:978-0-7524-6178-6
1098:978-960-213-251-7
832:978-1-84603-930-0
823:Osprey Publishing
705:with the arms of
680:Pierre d'Aubusson
540:Emperor Charles V
400:Piri Mehmed Pasha
282:Knights of Rhodes
270:
269:
261:Christian claims:
161:
160:
88:
87:
80:
4683:
4671:Events in Rhodes
4611:
4610:
4601:
4588:
4587:
4572:
4571:
4406:
4364:
4347:
4346:
4333:
4308:Belvoir Fortress
4224:
4205:
4191:
4169:
4135:
4118:
4057:San Anton Palace
3970:
3969:
3956:
3938:
3937:
3917:
3898:
3897:
3879:
3878:
3862:
3765:
3755:
3746:
3731:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3597:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3552:
3524:
3515:
3504:
3493:
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3037:
3026:
3017:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2970:
2961:
2950:
2941:
2921:
2910:
2901:
2892:
2883:
2874:
2865:
2854:
2843:
2832:
2821:
2810:
2801:
2790:
2781:
2772:
2763:
2754:
2745:
2736:
2727:
2718:
2707:
2696:
2687:
2678:
2669:
2660:
2649:
2640:
2631:
2620:
2614:Peñón of Algiers
2611:
2602:
2593:
2584:
2575:
2564:
2544:
2535:
2524:
2515:
2506:
2495:
2486:
2475:
2464:
2453:
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2413:
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2326:
2315:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2248:
2239:
2230:
2208:
2207:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2173:
2142:Toplou Monastery
2102:Arkadi Monastery
2065:Zaraka Monastery
2010:
1471:
1461:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1431:
1245:Kountouras Grove
1201:
1194:
1187:
1178:
1151:
1109:
1083:
1067:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1015:
1012:
1006:
991:
985:
984:
961:
955:
954:
930:
924:
923:
919:Türklerin Tarihi
913:
907:
906:
883:
877:
876:
874:
872:
863:. Archived from
853:YUSUF KÜÇÜKDAĞ.
850:
837:
836:
814:
803:
796:
783:
777:
750:
745:
699:
688:Musée de l'Armée
671:
655:
644:Musée de l'Armée
624:
596:
573:William Davenant
556:Pope Clement VII
202:
200:
199:
190:
189:
178:
176:
175:
131:
130:
110:
90:
83:
76:
72:
69:
63:
58:this article by
49:inline citations
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3997:Cottonera Lines
3964:
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3950:Fort St Michael
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3760:(Historically:
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3661:Chapter General
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2273:
2264:
2255:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2217:
2202:
2200:
2170:
2161:
2137:Koules Fortress
2090:
2081:Castle of Chios
2069:
2060:Platamon Castle
2001:
1936:Cultural impact
1931:
1772:Latin Empresses
1755:
1681:Catalan Company
1649:Duchy of Athens
1541:
1505:
1462:
1455:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1432:
1423:
1395:Siege of Candia
1211:
1205:
1168:
1149:
1133:
1099:
1086:
1070:
1064:
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943:. p. 170.
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786:
780:Clodfelter 2017
778:
763:
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754:
753:
748:
746:
742:
737:
725:
718:
700:
691:
672:
663:
656:
647:
640:Ottoman Turkish
625:
616:
601:Antonio Fluvian
597:
588:
568:
542:the islands of
528:
507:
449:Ottoman Turkish
445:Emery d'Amboise
416:
338:trace italienne
298:
274:Siege of Rhodes
262:
260:
248:
243:
241:
222:
218:
197:
195:
194:
184:
173:
171:
157:Ottoman victory
149:
111:
93:Siege of Rhodes
84:
73:
67:
64:
54:Please help to
53:
37:
33:
24:
21:Siege of Rhodes
17:
12:
11:
5:
4689:
4687:
4679:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4666:1522 in Europe
4663:
4658:
4653:
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4643:
4638:
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4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4266:
4261:
4259:Fortifications
4255:
4253:
4247:
4246:
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4242:
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4238:
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4235:
4230:
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4216:
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4110:
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4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4071:
4069:
4063:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4052:Verdala Palace
4049:
4047:Vilhena Palace
4044:
4038:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3987:Floriana Lines
3984:
3979:
3962:
3957:
3943:
3940:Fort St Angelo
3925:
3923:
3921:Fortifications
3914:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3890:
3870:
3868:
3859:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3788:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3748:Military Corps
3740:
3735:
3724:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3708:United Nations
3705:
3703:European Union
3700:
3695:
3685:
3680:
3666:Grand Priories
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3635:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3580:
3578:
3577:
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3563:
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3500:
3489:
3477:
3475:
3471:
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3468:
3467:
3456:
3445:
3436:
3427:
3418:
3407:
3396:
3387:
3378:
3367:
3356:
3345:
3334:
3325:
3314:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3285:
3274:
3263:
3252:
3241:
3230:
3219:
3210:
3199:
3188:
3179:
3168:
3157:
3146:
3137:
3125:
3123:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3104:
3095:
3086:
3075:
3066:
3055:
3044:
3033:
3022:
3013:
3002:
2993:
2984:
2975:
2966:
2957:
2946:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2917:
2906:
2897:
2888:
2879:
2870:
2861:
2850:
2839:
2828:
2817:
2806:
2797:
2786:
2777:
2768:
2759:
2750:
2741:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2703:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2665:
2656:
2645:
2636:
2627:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2571:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2540:
2531:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2491:
2482:
2471:
2460:
2449:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2409:
2400:
2398:Constantinople
2391:
2380:
2371:
2362:
2351:
2342:
2333:
2330:Constantinople
2322:
2319:Constantinople
2310:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2297:Constantinople
2289:
2280:
2271:
2262:
2253:
2244:
2235:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2218:
2214:Ottoman Empire
2212:involving the
2201:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2112:Frangokastello
2109:
2107:Bourtzi Castle
2104:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2016:
2014:
2007:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1877:
1872:
1870:Marco I Sanudo
1867:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:Latin Emperors
1763:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1722:
1720:Ionian Islands
1717:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1657:
1656:
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1524:
1519:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1481:Constantinople
1477:
1475:
1468:
1464:
1463:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1409:
1404:
1399:
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1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1223:Fourth Crusade
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1206:
1204:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1167:
1166:External links
1164:
1163:
1162:
1152:
1147:
1135:Vatin, Nicolas
1131:
1117:
1110:
1097:
1084:
1068:
1063:978-0786474707
1062:
1047:
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1042:
1041:
1030:
1016:
1007:
986:
976:
956:
949:
925:
908:
898:
878:
838:
831:
804:
784:
760:
758:
755:
752:
751:
749:5,400 soldiers
739:
738:
736:
733:
732:
731:
724:
721:
720:
719:
701:
694:
692:
673:
666:
664:
657:
650:
648:
628:Grand culverin
626:
619:
617:
598:
591:
587:
584:
583:
582:
567:
564:
533:Venetian Crete
527:
524:
506:
503:
415:
412:
297:
294:
278:Ottoman Empire
268:
267:
264:
256:
255:
251:
250:
245:
237:
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226:
212:
211:
207:
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182:
180:Ottoman Empire
168:
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143:
139:
138:
135:
127:
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116:and defending
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40:
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31:
15:
13:
10:
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4:
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4372:Other regions
4370:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4313:Chastel Rouge
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4275:Bodrum Castle
4272:
4271:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4175:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4134:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4012:Fort Chambray
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4002:Fort Ricasoli
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3908:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3881:Palazzo Malta
3877:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3867:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3833:
3829:
3823:
3822:Postal system
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3792:Maltese cross
3790:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3754:
3749:
3745:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3576:
3571:
3569:
3564:
3562:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3542:
3536:
3530:
3529:
3521:
3519:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3490:
3488:
3487:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3465:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3446:
3444:
3437:
3435:
3428:
3426:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3397:
3395:
3388:
3386:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3335:
3333:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3315:
3313:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3293:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3220:
3218:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3200:
3198:
3197:
3189:
3187:
3180:
3178:
3177:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3147:
3145:
3138:
3136:
3135:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3105:
3103:
3096:
3094:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3076:
3074:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3023:
3021:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3003:
3001:
2994:
2992:
2985:
2983:
2976:
2974:
2967:
2965:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2947:
2945:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2907:
2905:
2898:
2896:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2878:
2871:
2869:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2807:
2805:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2787:
2785:
2778:
2776:
2769:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2751:
2749:
2742:
2740:
2733:
2731:
2724:
2722:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2691:
2684:
2682:
2675:
2673:
2666:
2664:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2646:
2644:
2643:Güns (Kőszeg)
2637:
2635:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2617:
2615:
2608:
2606:
2599:
2597:
2590:
2588:
2581:
2579:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2541:
2539:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2521:
2519:
2512:
2510:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2492:
2490:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2461:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2439:
2437:
2430:
2428:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2410:
2408:
2401:
2399:
2392:
2390:
2389:
2381:
2379:
2372:
2370:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2352:
2350:
2343:
2341:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2290:
2288:
2281:
2279:
2272:
2270:
2263:
2261:
2254:
2252:
2245:
2243:
2236:
2234:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1982:Cretan school
1980:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1926:
1925:Centurione II
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1905:Roger de Flor
1903:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1467:Major centres
1465:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1430:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1160:1-56414-491-7
1157:
1153:
1150:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
990:
987:
983:
979:
977:9786052173121
973:
969:
968:
960:
957:
952:
950:9789602145357
946:
942:
938:
937:
929:
926:
921:
920:
912:
909:
905:
901:
899:9789944321501
895:
891:
890:
882:
879:
866:
862:
861:
856:
849:
847:
845:
843:
839:
834:
828:
824:
820:
813:
811:
809:
805:
801:
795:
793:
791:
789:
785:
782:, p. 23.
781:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
762:
756:
744:
741:
734:
730:
727:
726:
722:
716:
712:
708:
704:
698:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
670:
665:
661:
654:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
595:
590:
585:
580:
579:
574:
570:
569:
565:
563:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
534:
525:
523:
521:
515:
513:
504:
502:
499:
493:
491:
486:
482:
476:
472:
470:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
437:
429:
425:
420:
413:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
392:
390:
386:
385:
380:
376:
371:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
339:
333:
331:
327:
323:
322:Mediterranean
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
295:
293:
291:
290:siege in 1480
287:
286:Mediterranean
283:
280:to expel the
279:
275:
265:
258:
257:
252:
246:
239:
238:
233:
230:
227:
225:
221:
217:
214:
213:
208:
205:
193:
188:
183:
181:
170:
169:
164:
156:
153:
152:
148:
144:
141:
140:
136:
133:
132:
128:
125:
124:
119:
115:
109:
104:
101:
96:
91:
82:
79:
71:
68:February 2008
61:
57:
51:
50:
44:
39:
30:
29:
26:
22:
4623:
4599:
4574:
4508:
4362:
4331:
4268:
4222:
4203:
4189:
4167:
4133:
4100:St Catherine
4021:
3976:Fort St Elmo
3954:
3884:
3846:commanderies
3759:
3678:Associations
3674:Commanderies
3646:Grand Master
3639:Organisation
3540:
3526:
3506:
3495:
3484:
3462:
3451:
3413:
3402:
3373:
3362:
3351:
3340:
3320:
3280:
3269:
3258:
3247:
3236:
3225:
3205:
3194:
3174:
3163:
3152:
3132:
3110:
3081:
3061:
3050:
3039:
3028:
3008:
2952:
2912:
2856:
2845:
2834:
2823:
2812:
2792:
2709:
2698:
2651:
2622:
2604:
2566:
2526:
2497:
2477:
2466:
2455:
2444:
2415:
2386:
2357:
2340:Thessalonica
2328:
2317:
2295:
2233:Kulaca Hisar
2210:Major sieges
1706:Stato da Màr
1592:Chalandritsa
1557:Latin Empire
1486:Thessaloniki
1434:
1374:
1208:Frankokratia
1138:
1120:
1113:
1088:
1072:
1053:
1046:Bibliography
1033:
1019:
1010:
1005:), pp. 61–80
1002:
994:
993:Hughes, Q.,
989:
981:
966:
959:
935:
928:
918:
911:
903:
888:
881:
869:. Retrieved
865:the original
858:
818:
799:
798:L. Kinross,
743:
715:Napoleon III
612:
576:
560:
537:
529:
516:
508:
494:
477:
473:
466:
461:Napoleon III
440:
428:counterscarp
394:The sultan,
393:
383:
370:grand master
368:was elected
363:
343:counterscarp
336:
334:
299:
288:. The first
273:
271:
166:Belligerents
123:Süleymannâme
121:
98:Part of the
74:
65:
46:
25:
4359:Mount Tabor
4105:St Lawrence
4007:Fort Manoel
3720:Auxiliaries
3385:Missolonghi
3375:Missolonghi
3364:Missolonghi
3030:Santa Maura
2944:Nagykanizsa
2721:Castelnuovo
2040:Grand Magne
1915:Benedetto I
1375:Rhodes 1522
1365:Rhodes 1480
1350:Rhodes 1444
1210:(1204–1797)
871:1 September
481:Ahmed Pasha
375:John Rawson
308:, the last
259:60,000 dead
114:Janissaries
60:introducing
4630:Categories
4139:Angleterre
4095:St Barbara
4017:Fort Tigné
3982:Cittadella
3670:Bailiwicks
3651:Governance
3497:Adrianople
3443:Sevastopol
3353:Tripolitsa
3073:Negroponte
3041:Érsekújvár
2895:Gvozdansko
2568:Cephalonia
2489:Negroponte
2269:Adrianople
2216:by century
2030:Exomvourgo
2025:Chlemoutsi
1863:William II
1858:Geoffrey I
1300:Settepozzi
1295:Makryplagi
757:References
636:salamander
359:battlement
330:earthquake
314:Aegean Sea
266:5,020 dead
43:references
4337:Gibelacar
4303:Abu Ghosh
4285:Holy Land
4186:Allemagne
4130:Allemagne
3836:including
3812:Passports
3757:Air Force
3620:Jerusalem
3523:1916–1919
3394:Acropolis
3342:Acropolis
2987:1648–1669
2982:Novi Zrin
2877:Famagusta
2868:Szigetvar
2748:Esztergom
2427:Trebizond
2378:Svetigrad
2369:Novo Brdo
2336:1422–1430
2292:1394–1402
2260:Nicomedia
2256:1333–1337
2247:1328–1331
2222:13th-14th
2006:Monuments
1843:Gattilusi
1824:Antonio I
1819:Acciaioli
1627:Passavant
1617:Karytaina
1612:Kalavryta
1587:Bodonitsa
1491:Glarentza
1345:Echinades
1310:Demetrias
1305:Neopatras
1270:Pelagonia
1081:251851470
711:Abdülaziz
571:In 1656,
531:captured
526:Aftermath
457:Abdülaziz
431:fighting.
364:In 1521,
355:caponiers
347:tenailles
247:6,703 men
242:400 ships
4410:Crusades
4399:Military
4270:Anatolia
4233:Provence
4214:Castille
4200:Auvergne
4178:Valletta
4114:Auberges
4067:Churches
3972:Valletta
3889:) (1869)
3851:premises
3817:Currency
3605:Catholic
3434:Silistra
3322:Belgrade
3271:El Arish
3249:Belgrade
3217:Belgrade
3176:Belgrade
3165:Temeşvar
3093:Belgrade
3083:Belgrade
3000:Kamenets
2804:Temesvár
2587:Belgrade
2436:Mytilene
2417:Belgrade
2359:Belgrade
2157:Palamidi
2095:Venetian
2013:Frankish
1910:Zaccaria
1831:Angevins
1642:Vostitsa
1607:Gritzena
1597:Estamira
1330:Manolada
1325:Halmyros
1290:Prinitza
1137:(1994),
1107:34681208
723:See also
717:in 1862.
703:Culverin
605:barbican
490:culverts
463:in 1862.
424:tenaille
414:Invasion
408:Kurtoğlu
402:. Piri,
396:Suleiman
379:bastions
351:bulwarks
326:Anatolia
310:Crusader
235:Strength
142:Location
4573:Extant
4468:Battles
4401:history
4379:Tripoli
4328:Coliath
4209:Bavière
4034:Palaces
3946:Senglea
3942:(2001))
3886:capital
3857:battles
3832:History
3683:Langues
3592:topics
3541:italics
3514:1915–16
3492:1912–13
3486:Scutari
3481:1912–13
3439:1854–55
3425:Calafat
3390:1826–27
3381:1825–26
3337:1821–22
3255:1789–90
3227:Ochakov
3207:Ochakov
3191:1734–35
3186:Baghdad
3144:Nauplia
2964:Baghdad
2873:1570–71
2836:Bahrain
2775:Tripoli
2681:Baghdad
2659:1533–34
2653:Maribor
2538:Otranto
2518:Scutari
2514:1478–79
2505:1477–78
2499:Scutari
2463:1466–67
2365:1440–41
2349:Golubac
2287:Tarnovo
2074:Genoese
1920:Martino
1812:Carlo I
1749:Preveza
1739:Lepanto
1708:of the
1577:Arcadia
1510:Islands
1216:History
684:granite
586:Gallery
552:Tripoli
447:, with
384:Langues
296:Setting
56:improve
4594:UNESCO
4354:Margat
4251:Rhodes
4228:Italie
4219:France
4195:Aragon
4164:Italie
4159:France
4144:Aragon
4023:others
3902:(1869)
3802:Anthem
3629:
3587:
3528:Medina
3525:
3516:
3505:
3494:
3483:
3464:Plevna
3461:
3450:
3441:
3432:
3423:
3412:
3401:
3392:
3383:
3372:
3361:
3350:
3339:
3332:Patras
3330:
3319:
3310:
3290:
3279:
3268:
3260:Izmail
3257:
3246:
3238:Khotin
3235:
3224:
3215:
3204:
3193:
3184:
3173:
3162:
3151:
3142:
3134:Brăila
3131:
3109:
3100:
3091:
3080:
3071:
3060:
3049:
3038:
3027:
3018:
3010:Vienna
3007:
2998:
2991:Candia
2989:
2980:
2971:
2962:
2954:Khotyn
2951:
2942:
2922:
2911:
2902:
2893:
2884:
2875:
2866:
2855:
2844:
2833:
2822:
2811:
2802:
2794:Hormuz
2791:
2784:Muscat
2782:
2773:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2728:
2719:
2708:
2697:
2688:
2679:
2670:
2661:
2650:
2641:
2632:
2624:Vienna
2621:
2612:
2605:Rhodes
2603:
2594:
2585:
2576:
2565:
2547:Chilia
2545:
2536:
2528:Rhodes
2525:
2516:
2507:
2496:
2487:
2476:
2465:
2454:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2414:
2405:
2396:
2385:
2376:
2367:
2356:
2347:
2338:
2327:
2316:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2251:Nicaea
2249:
2240:
2231:
1968:Latins
1760:People
1654:Salona
1632:Patras
1602:Geraki
1532:Rhodes
1527:Lesbos
1501:Athens
1496:Patras
1474:Cities
1158:
1145:
1127:
1105:
1095:
1079:
1060:
997:2003 (
974:
947:
896:
829:
512:mosque
318:Levant
302:Rhodes
201:
177:
154:Result
147:Rhodes
45:, but
4122:Birgu
3960:Mdina
3929:Birgu
3911:Malta
3841:sites
3838:major
3415:Varna
3312:Cairo
3282:Jaffa
3196:Ganja
3154:Corfu
2973:Uyvar
2914:Sisak
2904:Bihać
2886:Tunis
2858:Malta
2700:Corfu
2672:Tunis
2663:Coron
2578:Cairo
2509:Krujë
2479:Krujë
2468:Krujë
2457:Jajce
2446:Jajce
2407:Berat
2388:Krujë
2278:Sofia
2265:1360s
2242:Bursa
2045:Isova
1807:Tocco
1744:Parga
1729:Coron
1725:Modon
1715:Crete
1622:Nikli
1572:Akova
1537:Naxos
1522:Chios
1517:Crete
802:, 176
735:Notes
634:with
544:Malta
520:Crete
498:truce
485:siege
404:Çoban
4509:1522
4504:1480
4499:1444
4298:Arqa
3866:Rome
3855:and
3767:Navy
3610:and
3503:1915
3474:20th
3459:1877
3453:Kars
3448:1855
3430:1854
3421:1854
3410:1828
3404:Kars
3399:1828
3370:1823
3359:1822
3348:1821
3328:1821
3317:1806
3308:1801
3301:19th
3292:Acre
3288:1799
3277:1799
3266:1799
3244:1789
3233:1788
3222:1788
3213:1739
3202:1737
3182:1733
3171:1717
3160:1716
3149:1716
3140:1715
3129:1711
3122:18th
3112:Azov
3107:1696
3102:Azov
3098:1695
3089:1690
3078:1688
3069:1688
3063:Pécs
3058:1686
3052:Buda
3047:1686
3036:1685
3025:1684
3020:Buda
3016:1684
3005:1683
2996:1672
2978:1664
2969:1663
2960:1638
2949:1621
2940:1601
2933:17th
2924:Eger
2920:1596
2909:1593
2900:1592
2891:1578
2882:1574
2864:1566
2853:1565
2847:Oran
2842:1563
2831:1559
2825:Oran
2820:1556
2814:Eger
2809:1552
2800:1552
2789:1552
2780:1552
2771:1551
2762:1548
2757:Aden
2753:1548
2744:1543
2739:Nice
2735:1543
2730:Buda
2726:1541
2717:1539
2706:1538
2695:1537
2690:Klis
2686:1537
2677:1534
2668:1534
2648:1532
2639:1532
2630:1531
2619:1529
2610:1529
2601:1522
2596:Knin
2592:1522
2583:1521
2574:1517
2563:1500
2556:16th
2543:1484
2534:1481
2523:1480
2494:1474
2485:1470
2474:1467
2452:1464
2441:1463
2432:1462
2423:1461
2412:1456
2403:1455
2394:1453
2383:1450
2374:1448
2354:1440
2345:1428
2325:1422
2314:1411
2307:15th
2283:1393
2274:1385
2238:1326
2229:1285
1727:and
1156:ISBN
1143:ISBN
1125:ISBN
1103:OCLC
1093:ISBN
1077:OCLC
1058:ISBN
1001:), (
995:Fort
972:ISBN
945:ISBN
894:ISBN
873:2021
827:ISBN
548:Gozo
406:and
306:Acre
272:The
134:Date
4458:9th
4453:8th
4448:7th
4443:6th
4438:5th
4433:4th
4428:3rd
4423:2nd
4418:1st
3614:of
3518:Kut
3508:Van
2766:Van
2711:Diu
2634:Diu
713:to
630:of
505:End
459:to
4632::
4592:,
4273::
3750::
3676:,
3672:,
3668:,
3622:,
1101:,
1003:31
980:.
939:.
902:.
857:.
841:^
825:.
821:.
807:^
787:^
764:^
613:c.
546:,
535:.
453:Sh
3978:)
3974:(
3952:)
3948:(
3931:(
3883:(
3853:,
3848:,
3843:,
3834:,
3769:)
3574:e
3567:t
3560:v
3543:.
2195:e
2188:t
2181:v
1200:e
1193:t
1186:v
1066:.
1027:.
953:.
875:.
835:.
690:.
646:.
81:)
75:(
70:)
66:(
52:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
