229:
by classifying it as East
Sogeram, closest to Kursav though he refrains from claiming the two languages form a clade. He notes that the name "East Sogeram" is no longer geographically appropriate, as Gants would be the westernmost Sogeram language.
138:. The exceptions were Faita, placed as a separate branch of the Southern Adelbert languages, and Mum–Sirva (then called the "Sikan" family), which were classified with the other branch, Josephstaal (
244:, where each influences its neighbors, the branching of the family is not clear. Usher divides the languages in nearly the same way, differing only in the placement of Manat:
1850:
1647:
2708:
1825:. From Daniels, D. 2010. A preliminary phonological history of the Sogeram languages of Papua New Guinea. Oceanic Linguistics, 49, 163-193.
1815:. From Daniels, D. 2010. A preliminary phonological history of the Sogeram languages of Papua New Guinea. Oceanic Linguistics, 49, 163-193.
1805:. From Daniels, D. 2010. A preliminary phonological history of the Sogeram languages of Papua New Guinea. Oceanic Linguistics, 49, 163-193.
1795:. From Daniels, D. 2010. A preliminary phonological history of the Sogeram languages of Papua New Guinea. Oceanic Linguistics, 49, 163-193.
327:
Below are
Sogeram language names in Daniels (2015) compared to names listed in Z'graggen (1975), along with their respective meanings.
67:
1843:
2044:
1867:
1398:
552:
80:
2703:
1066:
1694:
2228:
2175:
1836:
1134:
150:
Daniels (2016) classifies the
Sogeram languages in three branches, including some recently documented languages.
1043:
134:
In earlier classifications, such as that of Wurm, most of the
Sogeram family were called "Wanang", after the
1413:
1094:
2409:
2286:
1145:
1117:
1014:
935:
1760:
Daniels, Don. 2010. A preliminary phonological history of the
Sogeram languages of Papua New Guinea.
1008:
473:
2424:
1925:
1665:
1151:
848:
842:
813:
2258:
2079:
1983:
1738:
779:
2118:
968:
234:
2628:
2461:
2451:
2391:
2138:
2069:
2064:
1973:
1950:
401:
391:
267:
2677:
2667:
2641:
2547:
2531:
2490:
2326:
2316:
2185:
2143:
2103:
1978:
1905:
1859:
1162:
1049:
455:
445:
427:
355:
289:
257:
213:
124:
72:
55:
1818:
1808:
1798:
2682:
2672:
2651:
2614:
2578:
2516:
2361:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2306:
2301:
2291:
2271:
2266:
2233:
2200:
2157:
2014:
1963:
1940:
1930:
1920:
1910:
824:
492:
409:
373:
207:
120:
62:
2636:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2552:
2526:
2500:
2474:
2469:
2446:
2441:
2404:
2399:
2377:
2356:
2321:
2296:
2281:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2223:
2170:
2165:
2123:
2113:
2108:
2098:
2030:
2009:
1968:
1935:
1915:
1889:
1884:
1397:
The following is a comparative table of reconstructed forms in Proto-Sogeram and Proto-
1100:
796:
518:
510:
500:
482:
437:
383:
311:
306:
300:
278:
226:
202:
192:
182:
177:
237:
may also be a
Sogeram language, with the forms of identified cognates closest to Mum.
106:
2697:
2646:
2557:
2351:
2311:
2215:
2205:
2128:
2074:
2059:
2004:
1999:
1958:
1200:
1195:
1167:
1111:
1083:
865:
859:
762:
745:
469:
365:
347:
261:
241:
217:
167:
162:
128:
51:
2562:
2521:
2495:
2414:
2346:
2276:
2133:
1788:
912:
900:
419:
285:
188:
135:
918:
139:
17:
1177:
882:
773:
1322:
1240:
1128:
1060:
830:
807:
100:
1183:
1025:
756:
739:
1663:
Daniels, Don. 2016. Magɨ: An undocumented language of Papua New Guinea.
1077:
1031:
790:
716:
Selected lexical reconstructions from
Daniels (2015) are listed below.
1769:
A Reconstruction of Proto-Sogeram
Phonology, Lexicon, and Morphosyntax
1725:
A Reconstruction of Proto-Sogeram
Phonology, Lexicon, and Morphosyntax
946:
894:
1828:
929:
1771:. Doctoral dissertation. University of California, Santa Barbara.
1740:
A reconstruction of Proto-Northern
Adelbert phonology and lexicon
1727:. Doctoral dissertation. University of California, Santa Barbara.
708:
Compare Ross's proto-Madang singular pronouns *ya, *na, *nu/*ua.
876:
1832:
1776:
Grammatical reconstruction: The Sogeram languages of New Guinea
563:
Proto-Sogeram phonemic inventory according to Daniels (2015):
225:
Daniels (2017), following Pawley, resolves the issue of
1707:
The Languages of the Madang District, Papua New Guinea
555:
of Proto-Sogeram has been proposed by Daniels (2015).
658:
Daniels (2017) reconstructs the pronouns as follows:
27:
Family of languages in the Madang stock of New Guinea
2660:
2627:
2607:
2571:
2540:
2509:
2483:
2460:
2434:
2423:
2390:
2370:
2257:
2214:
2193:
2184:
2156:
2088:
2052:
2043:
2023:
1992:
1949:
1898:
1877:
1866:
1746:(PhD dissertation). University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
541:
536:
99:
61:
44:
32:
1681:Daniels, Don. 2017. Gants is a Sogeram Language.
1719:
1717:
1715:
127:stock of New Guinea. They are named after the
1844:
8:
2431:
2190:
2049:
1874:
1851:
1837:
1829:
1403:
987:
718:
329:
159:West Sogeram (Wurm et al's "Atan" family)
660:
628:
565:
1677:
1675:
1636:
533:
29:
1683:Language and Linguistics in Melanesia
1642:
1640:
7:
25:
1709:. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
240:Because these languages form a
187:North Central Sogeram (Sikan):
1:
1778:. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter.
2709:Southern Adelbert languages
553:phonological reconstruction
2725:
1067:Casuarius unappendiculatus
1705:Z'graggen, John A. 1975.
1695:ISO code request 2013-029
1437:*im- ‘boil, cook in pot’
1135:Rhynchophorus ferrugineus
63:Linguistic classification
37:
1044:sulphur-crested cockatoo
1414:Proto-Northern Adelbert
1095:Victoria crowned pigeon
1646:Usher, Timothy. 2020.
1456:*ir, irɨ- ‘turn, spin’
542:Reconstruction of
275:Central Sogeram River
1819:Proto-Western-Sogeram
1809:Proto-Eastern-Sogeram
1799:Proto-Central-Sogeram
1737:Pick, Andrew (2020).
1445:*iŋka ‘see, perceive’
1146:collared brush-turkey
1118:Probosciger aterrimus
1015:Aepypodius arfakianus
936:Saccharum officinarum
1774:Daniels, Don. 2020.
1767:Daniels, Don. 2015.
1723:Daniels, Don. 2015.
1569:*muŋ ‘husband, man’
1009:wattled brush-turkey
297:South Sogeram River
233:Recently discovered
123:of languages in the
2053:Tomul (Josephstaal)
1762:Oceanic Linguistics
1666:Oceanic Linguistics
1547:*wisir ‘centipede’
1544:*kuntar ‘centipede’
1536:*waben ‘arm, hand’
1470:*war- ‘hit, fight’
1152:Talegalla jobiensis
990:
849:Imperata cylindrica
814:Cordyline fruticosa
721:
253:West Sogeram River
1823:TransNewGuinea.org
1813:TransNewGuinea.org
1803:TransNewGuinea.org
1793:TransNewGuinea.org
1533:*kuman ‘arm, hand’
988:
780:Artocarpus altilis
719:
2704:Sogeram languages
2691:
2690:
2623:
2622:
2386:
2385:
2152:
2151:
2045:Southern Adelbert
2039:
2038:
1868:Northern Adelbert
1783:Online word lists
1628:
1627:
1434:*imu ‘put in pot’
1399:Northern Adelbert
1390:
1389:
986:
985:
706:
705:
651:
650:
627:
626:
549:
548:
545:Sogeram languages
527:
526:
260:(Atemple, Mand),
113:
112:
81:Southern Adelbert
16:(Redirected from
2716:
2432:
2191:
2050:
1875:
1860:Madang languages
1853:
1846:
1839:
1830:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1734:
1728:
1721:
1710:
1703:
1697:
1692:
1686:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1655:
1652:New Guinea World
1644:
1404:
1163:bird-of-paradise
1050:Cacatua galerita
1000:Scientific name
991:
731:Scientific name
722:
661:
629:
566:
534:
339:Z'graggen (1975)
330:
174:Central Segeram
119:languages are a
109:
68:Trans–New Guinea
56:Papua New Guinea
30:
21:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2656:
2619:
2603:
2567:
2536:
2505:
2479:
2456:
2427:
2419:
2382:
2366:
2253:
2210:
2180:
2148:
2084:
2035:
2019:
1988:
1945:
1894:
1870:
1862:
1857:
1764:49(1), 163–193.
1757:
1755:Further reading
1752:
1751:
1743:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1700:
1693:
1689:
1680:
1673:
1662:
1658:
1645:
1638:
1633:
1621:*ura ‘call out’
1613:*gemaŋ ‘liver’
1566:*-mum ‘husband’
1459:*girik- ‘turn’
1395:
714:
656:
580:*kʷ <kw>
561:
532:
325:
303:(Kulsab/Kursav)
199:"East" Sogeram
148:
105:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
18:Sikan languages
15:
12:
11:
5:
2722:
2720:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2696:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2429:
2428:(South Madang)
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2197:
2195:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2162:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2093:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1955:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1881:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1816:
1806:
1796:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1729:
1711:
1698:
1687:
1671:
1656:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1610:*umpaŋ ‘heart’
1608:
1604:
1603:
1602:*duag ‘snake’
1600:
1599:*takwɨ ‘snake’
1597:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1514:*durun ‘root’
1512:
1511:*kɨntɨr ‘root’
1509:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1426:*men ‘breast’
1424:
1423:*aman ‘breast’
1421:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1408:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:parrot species
1352:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:parrot species
1342:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1101:Goura victoria
1097:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
995:
984:
983:
981:
978:
974:
973:
971:
966:
962:
961:
959:
956:
952:
951:
949:
944:
940:
939:
932:
927:
923:
922:
915:
910:
906:
905:
897:
892:
888:
887:
879:
874:
870:
869:
862:
857:
853:
852:
845:
840:
836:
835:
827:
822:
818:
817:
810:
805:
801:
800:
797:Cocos nucifera
793:
788:
784:
783:
776:
771:
767:
766:
759:
754:
750:
749:
742:
737:
733:
732:
729:
726:
713:
710:
704:
703:
700:
697:
693:
692:
689:
686:
682:
681:
678:
675:
671:
670:
667:
664:
655:
652:
649:
648:
646:
643:
640:
639:
636:
633:
625:
624:
622:
620:
618:
615:
612:
611:
609:
606:
603:
600:
596:
595:
593:
591:
589:
586:
582:
581:
578:
575:
573:
570:
560:
557:
547:
546:
543:
539:
538:
531:
530:Proto-language
528:
525:
524:
523:language name
521:
516:
513:
507:
506:
503:
498:
495:
489:
488:
485:
480:
477:
466:
465:
463:
461:
458:
452:
451:
450:village name?
448:
443:
440:
434:
433:
430:
425:
422:
416:
415:
412:
407:
404:
398:
397:
394:
389:
386:
380:
379:
376:
371:
368:
362:
361:
358:
353:
350:
344:
343:
340:
337:
334:
333:Daniels (2015)
324:
321:
320:
319:
318:
317:
316:
315:
309:
304:
295:
294:
293:
282:
273:
272:
271:
265:
256:Atemple–Nend:
223:
222:
221:
220:
210:
205:
197:
196:
195:
185:
180:
172:
171:
170:
165:
156:
155:
147:
144:
111:
110:
103:
97:
96:
95:
94:
93:
92:
91:
90:
89:
88:
65:
59:
58:
48:
42:
41:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2721:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1842:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1789:Proto-Sogeram
1787:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1742:
1741:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1648:Sogeram River
1643:
1641:
1637:
1630:
1624:*par- ‘call’
1623:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1591:*bin ‘heavy’
1590:
1588:*pɨm ‘weight’
1587:
1585:heavy, weight
1584:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:*munag ‘egg’
1557:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:*id- ‘roast’
1524:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:*kɨnta ‘walk’
1499:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1467:*kira ‘fight’
1466:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1410:Proto-Sogeram
1409:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1201:Phalangeridae
1199:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1168:Paradisaeidae
1166:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:palm cockatoo
1110:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1084:Gallus gallus
1081:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
996:
994:Proto-Sogeram
993:
992:
989:Animal names
982:
979:
976:
975:
972:
970:
967:
964:
963:
960:
957:
954:
953:
950:
948:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:
933:
931:
928:
925:
924:
921:
920:
916:
914:
911:
908:
907:
903:
902:
898:
896:
893:
890:
889:
885:
884:
880:
878:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
866:Intsia bijuga
863:
861:
860:ironwood tree
858:
855:
854:
851:
850:
846:
844:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
828:
826:
823:
820:
819:
816:
815:
811:
809:
806:
803:
802:
799:
798:
794:
792:
789:
786:
785:
782:
781:
777:
775:
772:
769:
768:
765:
764:
763:Areca catechu
760:
758:
755:
752:
751:
748:
747:
746:Areca catechu
743:
741:
738:
735:
734:
730:
727:
725:Proto-Sogeram
724:
723:
717:
711:
709:
701:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
684:
683:
679:
676:
673:
672:
668:
665:
663:
662:
659:
653:
647:
644:
642:
641:
637:
634:
631:
630:
623:
621:
619:
616:
614:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
597:
594:
592:
590:
587:
584:
583:
579:
576:
574:
571:
568:
567:
564:
558:
556:
554:
544:
540:
537:Proto-Sogeram
535:
529:
522:
520:
517:
515:language name
514:
512:
509:
508:
505:village name
504:
502:
499:
497:language name
496:
494:
491:
490:
487:village name
486:
484:
481:
478:
475:
471:
468:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
453:
449:
447:
444:
442:language name
441:
439:
436:
435:
432:village name
431:
429:
426:
423:
421:
418:
417:
414:village name
413:
411:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
396:village name
395:
393:
390:
387:
385:
382:
381:
377:
375:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
360:village name
359:
357:
354:
351:
349:
346:
345:
341:
338:
335:
332:
331:
328:
322:
313:
310:
308:
305:
302:
299:
298:
296:
291:
287:
283:
280:
277:
276:
274:
269:
266:
263:
259:
255:
254:
252:
251:
250:
249:Sogeram River
247:
246:
245:
243:
238:
236:
231:
228:
219:
215:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
175:
173:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
158:
157:
153:
152:
151:
145:
143:
141:
137:
132:
130:
129:Sogeram River
126:
122:
118:
108:
104:
102:
98:
87:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
76:
75:
74:
71:
70:
69:
66:
64:
60:
57:
53:
52:Sogeram River
49:
43:
38:Sogeram River
36:
31:
19:
2089:
1871:(Croisilles)
1822:
1812:
1802:
1792:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1739:
1732:
1724:
1706:
1701:
1690:
1682:
1669:55: 199-224.
1664:
1659:
1651:
1607:heart, liver
1555:*maŋka ‘egg’
1522:*kra ‘roast’
1503:*iduw- ‘go’
1481:*kemi ‘bow’
1396:
1182:
1150:
1133:
1116:
1099:
1082:
1065:
1048:
1030:
1013:
934:
917:
913:betel pepper
899:
881:
864:
847:
829:
812:
795:
778:
761:
744:
720:Plant names
715:
707:
657:
605:*ɲ <ñ>
585:*β <v>
562:
550:
326:
248:
239:
232:
224:
149:
136:Wanang River
133:
116:
114:
85:
47:distribution
1899:Kumil–Tibor
1878:Manep–Barem
1580:*an- ‘eat’
1492:*um- ‘die’
1489:*kɨmu ‘die’
1478:*kɨmi ‘bow’
1448:*ag- ‘see’
1431:cook in pot
1393:Comparisons
919:Piper betle
843:sword grass
288:(Katiati),
284:Mum–Sirva:
140:Tomul River
77:West Madang
2698:Categories
1926:Hember Avu
1685:35: 82-93.
1631:References
1178:flying fox
969:paint tree
883:Metroxylon
774:breadfruit
479:‘why (no)’
45:Geographic
2661:(unclear)
2425:Rai Coast
2080:Wadaginam
1993:Kaukombar
1984:Ukuriguma
1577:*ña ‘eat’
1541:centipede
1530:arm, hand
1323:millipede
1319:*kamɨŋaua
1269:*kɨmparam
1252:crocodile
1241:centipede
1230:butterfly
1129:sago grub
1061:cassowary
831:Dioscorea
808:cordyline
559:Phonology
146:Languages
101:Glottolog
50:Near the
2452:Yangulam
2259:Hanseman
2139:Paynamar
2092:(Wanang)
2070:Moresada
2065:Anamgura
1974:Yarawata
1497:walk, go
1334:mosquito
1227:*apapara
1184:Pteropus
1074:*ikakara
1040:*kaiaŋki
1026:starling
1005:*kɨñakuŋ
980:reed sp.
757:betelnut
740:betelnut
654:Pronouns
392:Paynamar
378:demonym
342:meaning
281:(Emerum)
268:Paynamar
264:(Angaua)
212:Aisian:
107:soge1235
2678:Wasembo
2668:Amaimon
2642:Ganglau
2629:Yaganon
2572:Kabenau
2548:Duduela
2532:Urigina
2491:Kesawai
2462:Brahman
2392:Mindjim
2327:Rapting
2317:Nobonob
2144:Sileibi
2104:Atemble
2090:Sogeram
1979:Parawen
1951:Numugen
1906:Mauwake
1563:husband
1361:*sampaN
1331:*ñaŋkur
1299:*naŋram
1289:*kukasa
1237:*kuntar
1194:ground
1108:*kwɨñaŋ
1091:*kumpin
1078:chicken
1032:Aplonis
965:*kɨñakw
909:*kamura
856:*mimpɨŋ
804:*mirkwa
791:coconut
787:*kuimaŋ
736:*akwasa
712:Lexicon
702:*nɨ-ra
699:*nu/*nɨ
691:*na-ra
446:Sileibi
428:Katiati
356:Atemple
336:meaning
292:(Sirva)
290:Sileibi
270:(Manat)
258:Atemble
154:Sogeram
117:Sogeram
86:Sogeram
33:Sogeram
2683:Yamben
2673:Bargam
2652:Yabong
2615:Pulabu
2579:Arawum
2517:Danaru
2484:Evapia
2362:Yoidik
2342:Silopi
2337:Saruga
2332:Samosa
2307:Murupi
2302:Mosimo
2292:Matepi
2272:Baimak
2267:Bagupi
2234:Gumalu
2201:Girawa
2186:Mabuso
2119:Magɨyi
2015:Maiani
1964:Karian
1941:Kowaki
1931:Mokati
1921:Pamosu
1911:Bepour
1420:breast
1381:*takwɨ
1249:*mavra
1207:*muŋmi
1196:possum
1191:*iŋkɨn
1174:*kariv
1159:*kuyiv
1057:*muiam
977:*sukan
947:bamboo
943:*sakai
926:*akɨru
895:banana
891:*manɨŋ
873:*makin
839:*mɨnta
821:*kunsa
770:*kasam
680:*a-ra
493:Kursav
424:‘what’
410:Emerum
374:Angaua
314:(Aisi)
235:Magɨyi
208:Kursav
125:Madang
121:family
73:Madang
40:Wanang
2637:Dumun
2608:other
2599:Siroi
2594:Lemio
2589:Kolom
2584:Dumpu
2553:Kwato
2527:Sumau
2501:Sausi
2475:Tauya
2470:Biyom
2447:Rerau
2442:Jilim
2435:Awung
2405:Bongu
2400:Anjam
2378:Munit
2371:other
2357:Wamas
2322:Rempi
2297:Mawan
2282:Garus
2249:Sihan
2244:Panim
2239:Isebe
2224:Amele
2194:Kokan
2171:Kobon
2166:Kalam
2158:Kalam
2124:Musak
2114:Gants
2109:Faita
2099:Apali
2031:Gavak
2024:other
2010:Miani
1969:Yaben
1936:Mawak
1916:Moere
1890:Barem
1885:Manep
1744:(PDF)
1596:snake
1519:roast
1464:fight
1407:gloss
1384:snake
1374:snake
1351:*urir
1341:*iran
1312:louse
1309:*iman
1259:*upri
1217:*kapa
1142:*aŋam
1125:*kukɨ
1022:*siar
997:Gloss
955:*umai
930:sugar
753:*kari
728:Gloss
519:Gants
511:Gants
501:Faita
483:Musak
474:Mabɨŋ
438:Sirva
402:Apalɨ
384:Manat
323:Names
312:Musak
307:Gants
301:Faita
279:Apali
242:chain
227:Gants
203:Gants
193:Sirva
183:Apalɨ
178:Manat
2647:Saep
2558:Ogea
2541:Nuru
2510:Peka
2410:Male
2352:Wagi
2312:Nake
2287:Kare
2206:Kein
2129:Nend
2075:Osum
2060:Anam
2005:Mala
2000:Maia
1959:Usan
1618:call
1508:root
1453:turn
1371:*sar
1302:frog
1292:frog
1282:fish
1279:*iau
1220:bird
1035:sp.
958:bean
904:sp.
901:Musa
886:sp.
877:sago
834:sp.
470:Aisi
460:‘no’
456:Magɨ
406:‘no’
388:‘no’
370:‘no’
366:Nend
352:‘no’
348:Mand
262:Nend
218:Aisi
214:Magɨ
168:Nend
163:Mand
115:The
2563:Uya
2522:Sop
2496:Kou
2415:Sam
2347:Utu
2277:Gal
2229:Bau
2216:Gum
2176:Tai
2134:Mum
1574:eat
1552:egg
1486:die
1475:bow
1442:see
1364:pig
1272:eel
1262:dog
1210:bee
825:yam
688:*na
677:*ya
669:pl
638:*u
420:Mum
286:Mum
189:Mum
142:).
2700::
1821:.
1811:.
1801:.
1791:.
1714:^
1674:^
1650:.
1639:^
1401:.
696:3
685:2
674:1
666:sg
645:*a
635:*ɨ
632:*i
617:*r
608:*ŋ
602:*n
599:*m
588:*s
577:*k
572:*t
569:*p
551:A
216:,
191:,
131:.
54:,
1852:e
1845:t
1838:v
1654:.
476:)
472:(
20:)
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