171:
651:
658:
268:. This was the third account of the expedition: it confirmed the emotions expressed in Miertsching's published journals, while contradicting McClure's claims that the crew would have survived if they were not rescued. The book was awarded the
243:
period. Armstrong and the crew had to spend another winter in the Arctic before they returned to
England aboard supply ships for another expedition in search of the Franklin voyage. During this travel he also collected seven
279:. The book is based on his experiences while trapped in the Arctic, and outlines the measures the crew took to prevent getting scurvy and how they treated it once the condition started appearing.
707:
358:
1261:
1246:
112:. He was also superintendent of hospitals in Malta and England and he became director-general of the Royal Navy's medical department in 1869. He was knighted into the
1266:
1231:
729:
1276:
700:
136:
1216:
1286:
43:
235:
in 1853. Armstrong was unable to bring his animal and plant collection with him, but did retrieve his journals against the orders of his captain
1271:
1006:
693:
221:, noted an incident where Armstrong's roommates were interacting roughly with him. During this time, Armstrong collected fossils on Banks and
1291:
1251:
757:
31:
299:. He was promoted to deputy-inspector general after surviving two attacks by a flotilla of boats in 1858. He was transferred to the
1241:
1256:
236:
1034:
750:
199:
74:
1281:
1236:
1020:
831:
771:
47:
563:"Review of Observations On Naval Hygiene And Scurvy, More Particularly As The Latter Appeared During A Polar Voyage"
1048:
908:
743:
838:
778:
764:
195:
181:
436:"Sir Alexander Armstrong, K.C.B., R.N., F.R.S., Sometime Director-General Of The Royal Navy Medical Department"
218:
159:
as an assistant surgeon. He travelled throughout the
British Empire and many parts of the world, including the
170:
1165:
943:
866:
188:
174:
140:
67:
971:
796:
1221:
1111:
1075:
901:
817:
736:
349:
296:
277:
Observations on naval hygiene and scurvy, more particularly as the latter appeared during a polar voyage
109:
102:
Observations on naval hygiene and scurvy, more particularly as the latter appeared during a polar voyage
100:
gold medal for the best journal kept by a Royal Navy surgeon. He also published a second book entitled
1226:
1174:
1102:
999:
922:
894:
668:
1183:
929:
300:
229:
1093:
1084:
950:
621:
582:
544:
455:
410:
144:
1192:
1156:
1138:
1120:
859:
613:
574:
447:
402:
315:
203:
160:
113:
78:
1147:
1066:
1027:
985:
936:
536:
394:
337:
217:
Armstrong was not popular amongst the other officers, and the missionary amongst the crew,
1129:
880:
873:
663:
524:
365:. It is possible that the location of the specimen's collection was incorrectly labelled.
222:
650:
382:
89:
in 1851 and
Armstrong spent several winters in the Arctic before he returned to London.
992:
957:
845:
810:
354:
249:
132:
17:
1210:
1041:
964:
915:
887:
548:
308:
269:
97:
59:
353:
is named for
Armstrong, after he collected a sample of the tree on an expedition to
978:
852:
646:
525:"Robert McCormick and the circumstances of his Arctic fossil collection, 1852–1853"
414:
323:
207:
287:
Armstrong completed many seagoing appointments with the Royal Navy. He was in the
62:, explorer, naturalist and author. After obtaining a medical degree he joined the
493:
1013:
824:
685:
667:
319:
292:
164:
657:
331:
311:. In 1869, he became director-general of the Royal Navy's medical department.
288:
245:
156:
105:
63:
642:
617:
578:
451:
406:
240:
211:
139:. His father was Alexander Armstrong. He studied medicine in Dublin and the
86:
540:
681:(eleventh ed.). London: George Routledge & Sons. pp. 44–45.
398:
361:
surveyed the closed forests of the area and could not find a specimen of
625:
601:
586:
562:
459:
435:
304:
169:
602:"A taxonomie revision of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Australia"
689:
104:. He continued in a career with the Royal Navy, serving in the
272:
gold medal for the best journal kept by a Royal Navy surgeon.
674:
266:
Personal narrative of the discovery of the north-west passage
94:
Personal narrative of the discovery of the north-west passage
194:
as a surgeon and naturalist. The ship was part of the
260:
In 1857, Armstrong published his journals of the HMS
163:, Pacific Islands, North and South America, and the
1058:
788:
721:
359:Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory
336:) in 1894. He died on 4 July 1899 in his home in
303:as superintendent of naval hospitals in Malta,
214:in 1851, and spent two winters trapped there.
701:
8:
239:, and a specimen of petrified wood from the
27:Irish naval surgeon and explorer (1818–1899)
487:
485:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
469:
326:, and a Jubilee Medal. He retired in 1880.
137:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1262:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
708:
694:
686:
649:
387:Journal of the Royal Naval Medical Service
1247:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
673:
30:For other people with similar names, see
202:. The ship completed the tracing of the
551:– via Edinburgh University Press.
518:
516:
514:
374:
228:Armstrong and the crew were rescued by
180:depicted trapped in the ice during the
1267:Military personnel from County Donegal
187:In 1850, Armstrong left London aboard
167:. He was promoted to surgeon in 1849.
1232:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
430:
428:
426:
424:
330:
7:
96:, was published in 1857. It won the
32:Alexander Armstrong (disambiguation)
1277:Royal Navy Medical Service officers
210:, but became trapped by the ice at
92:Armstrong's account of the voyage,
523:Stone, Philip (24 November 2020).
329:Armstrong married Charlotte Hall (
143:, graduating from the latter as a
58: – 4 July 1899) was an Irish
25:
1217:19th-century Royal Navy personnel
1287:Irish officers in the Royal Navy
656:
237:Robert John Le Mesurier McClure
318:in 1871. He also received the
1:
1272:Recipients of the Polar Medal
716:Royal Navy Arctic exploration
125:
52:
1292:19th-century Irish explorers
1252:Fellows of the Royal Society
669:"Armstrong, Alexander"
643:Works by Alexander Armstrong
567:The British Medical Journal
529:Archives of Natural History
440:The British Medical Journal
73:, tasked with finding the
66:and was stationed on board
1308:
494:"Armstrong, Sir Alexander"
200:Franklin's lost expedition
85:was trapped in the ice at
29:
600:Forster, Paul I. (2003).
383:"Sir Alexander Armstrong"
314:He was knighted into the
219:Johann August Miertsching
206:and tried to sail around
196:McClure Arctic expedition
182:McClure Arctic expedition
730:Phipps expedition (1773)
295:and participated in the
1242:Explorers of the Arctic
804:Sir Alexander Armstrong
141:University of Edinburgh
40:Sir Alexander Armstrong
18:Sir Alexander Armstrong
1257:Irish Arctic explorers
951:Sir Leopold McClintock
744:Mackenzie River (1825)
184:
155:In 1842 he joined the
909:Sir Edward Inglefield
860:Sir Richard Collinson
758:Rae–Richardson (1848)
573:(77): 497–498. 1858.
541:10.3366/anh.2020.0655
492:Neatby, L.H. (1990).
297:Battle of Suomenlinna
275:In 1858 he published
173:
120:Early life and family
110:Battle of Suomenlinna
1049:Sir Henry Stephenson
986:Sir Erasmus Ommanney
923:Skeffington Lutwidge
895:William Hulme Hooper
399:10.1136/jrnms-22-277
393:(4): 277–284. 1936.
357:. In the 1980s, the
283:Later life and death
198:tasked with finding
1282:Royal Navy officers
1237:Explorers of Canada
1021:Sir John Richardson
930:George Francis Lyon
446:(2011): 181. 1899.
301:Mediterranean Fleet
124:Armstrong was born
1007:Constantine Phipps
958:Sir Robert McClure
944:Sir Albert Markham
846:Sir Edward Belcher
818:Sir Horatio Austin
628:– via JSTOR.
589:– via JSTOR.
462:– via JSTOR.
350:Croton armstrongli
264:expedition called
256:Publication career
185:
145:Doctor of Medicine
1204:
1203:
1042:Sir Edward Sabine
916:Sir Henry Kellett
888:Sir John Franklin
839:Frederick Beechey
772:McClintock (1857)
737:Coppermine (1819)
316:Order of the Bath
204:Northwest Passage
161:Mediterranean Sea
151:Arctic expedition
114:Order of the Bath
79:Sir John Franklin
16:(Redirected from
1299:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
1002:
1000:Sir Edward Parry
995:
988:
981:
979:Sir George Nares
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
939:
937:Rochfort Maguire
932:
925:
918:
911:
904:
897:
890:
883:
876:
869:
867:Samuel Cresswell
862:
855:
848:
841:
834:
827:
820:
813:
806:
799:
781:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
732:
710:
703:
696:
687:
682:
680:
671:
664:Cooper, Thompson
660:
653:
630:
629:
597:
591:
590:
559:
553:
552:
520:
509:
508:
506:
504:
498:www.biographi.ca
489:
464:
463:
432:
419:
418:
417:– via BMJ.
379:
338:Sutton Bonington
335:
130:
127:
57:
54:
50:
21:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
886:
881:James Fitzjames
879:
874:Francis Crozier
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
832:Sir John Barrow
830:
825:Sir George Back
823:
816:
809:
802:
795:
784:
777:
770:
763:
756:
751:Franklin (1845)
749:
742:
735:
728:
717:
714:
676:Men of the Time
662:
639:
634:
633:
599:
598:
594:
561:
560:
556:
522:
521:
512:
502:
500:
491:
490:
467:
434:
433:
422:
381:
380:
376:
371:
346:
285:
258:
223:Victoria Island
153:
128:
122:
75:lost expedition
55:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1305:
1303:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1209:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1028:Sir James Ross
1024:
1017:
1010:
1003:
996:
993:Sherard Osborn
989:
982:
975:
972:Arthur Morrell
968:
961:
954:
947:
940:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
884:
877:
870:
863:
856:
849:
842:
835:
828:
821:
814:
811:Pelham Aldrich
807:
800:
792:
790:
786:
785:
783:
782:
779:British (1875)
775:
768:
765:McClure (1850)
761:
754:
747:
740:
733:
725:
723:
719:
718:
715:
713:
712:
705:
698:
690:
684:
683:
654:
638:
637:External links
635:
632:
631:
612:(3): 349–436.
592:
554:
535:(2): 286–301.
510:
465:
420:
373:
372:
370:
367:
363:C. armstrongli
355:Port Essington
345:
342:
284:
281:
257:
254:
250:Beechey Island
152:
149:
147:with honours.
133:County Donegal
121:
118:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1304:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1035:Sir John Ross
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
987:
983:
980:
976:
973:
969:
966:
965:George Mecham
962:
959:
955:
952:
948:
945:
941:
938:
934:
931:
927:
924:
920:
917:
913:
910:
906:
903:
902:Henry Hoppner
899:
896:
892:
889:
885:
882:
878:
875:
871:
868:
864:
861:
857:
854:
850:
847:
843:
840:
836:
833:
829:
826:
822:
819:
815:
812:
808:
805:
801:
798:
794:
793:
791:
787:
780:
776:
773:
769:
766:
762:
759:
755:
752:
748:
745:
741:
738:
734:
731:
727:
726:
724:
720:
711:
706:
704:
699:
697:
692:
691:
688:
679:
677:
670:
665:
659:
655:
652:
648:
644:
641:
640:
636:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
606:Austrobaileya
603:
596:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
558:
555:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
519:
517:
515:
511:
499:
495:
488:
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
474:
472:
470:
466:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
431:
429:
427:
425:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
378:
375:
368:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:
343:
341:
339:
334: Simpson
333:
327:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
282:
280:
278:
273:
271:
270:Gilbert Blane
267:
263:
255:
253:
251:
248:specimens on
247:
242:
238:
234:
233:
226:
224:
220:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
192:
183:
179:
178:
172:
168:
166:
162:
158:
150:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
119:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
98:Gilbert Blane
95:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
71:
65:
61:
60:naval surgeon
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
1222:1810s births
1193:
1184:
1175:
1167:Investigator
1166:
1157:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1067:
853:David Buchan
803:
797:Edward Adams
675:
647:Open Library
609:
605:
595:
570:
566:
557:
532:
528:
501:. Retrieved
497:
443:
439:
390:
386:
377:
362:
348:
347:
328:
324:Baltic Medal
320:Arctic Medal
313:
286:
276:
274:
265:
262:Investigator
261:
259:
231:
227:
216:
208:Banks Island
191:Investigator
190:
186:
177:Investigator
176:
154:
123:
101:
93:
91:
83:Investigator
82:
77:of explorer
70:Investigator
69:
39:
38:
36:
1227:1899 deaths
1014:Bedford Pim
722:Expeditions
340:, England.
293:Crimean War
291:during the
165:West Indies
129: 1818
108:during the
56: 1818
1211:Categories
1113:Enterprise
1077:Assistance
369:References
289:Baltic Sea
246:brachiopod
157:Royal Navy
106:Baltic Sea
64:Royal Navy
1176:Racehorse
1104:Discovery
618:0155-4131
579:0007-1447
549:229469662
452:0007-1447
407:0035-9033
241:Paleogene
212:Mercy Bay
189:HMS
175:HMS
116:in 1871.
87:Mercy Bay
68:HMS
1185:Resolute
666:(1884).
626:41738992
587:25192429
460:20261289
232:Resolute
1095:Carcass
1086:Blossom
503:22 July
415:4720216
309:Chatham
1194:Terror
1158:Herald
1140:Griper
1122:Erebus
789:People
678:
661:
624:
616:
585:
577:
547:
458:
450:
413:
405:
344:Legacy
307:, and
305:Haslar
1149:Hecla
1068:Alert
1059:Ships
622:JSTOR
583:JSTOR
545:S2CID
456:JSTOR
411:S2CID
46:
1131:Fury
614:ISSN
575:ISSN
505:2022
448:ISSN
403:ISSN
230:HMS
645:at
537:doi
395:doi
332:née
131:in
48:FRS
44:KCB
1213::
672:.
620:.
608:.
604:.
581:.
569:.
565:.
543:.
533:47
531:.
527:.
513:^
496:.
468:^
454:.
442:.
438:.
423:^
409:.
401:.
391:22
389:.
385:.
322:,
252:.
225:.
135:,
126:c.
81:.
53:c.
709:e
702:t
695:v
610:6
571:1
539::
507:.
444:2
397::
51:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.