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the last famine," Temple implemented new relief policies which ultimately failed to relieve widespread starvation. In 1877, a poor crop harvest in
Britain raised prices of grain, while India exported twice as much wheat than the previous year. In addition to the colonial government's refusal to suspend taxation, this led to severe food shortages, particularly in areas supplied by railroads and granaries. Implementing what was known as the "Temple wage", which was not scientifically-derived, Temple tried to determine the minimum amount of food required by "men doing heavy labor" per day. In
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economic policy, castigated Temple for interfering in the workings of the market. He was then appointed by the
Viceroy of India as a plenipotentiary famine delegate to Madras during the famine of 1877 there. Seeing this appointment as an opportunity to "retrieve his reputation for extravagance in
348:
be erected. The standing marble statue was completed by Thomas Brock in 1884. It shows him carrying his cloak over his arm and an elaborate 19th-century dress uniform with swags, ties and medals. They are, in fact, the costume of a Grand
Commander of the Star of India, the formal attire for
363:
of
Worcestershire. Meanwhile, he produced several books on Indian subjects. In parliament, he was assiduous in his attendance, and he spoke on Indian subjects with admitted authority. He was not otherwise a parliamentary success, and to the public, he was best known from caricatures in
321:
established for construction of railroads and canals, the diets of workers were just one pound of rice a day (unsupplemented by meat or vegetables) providing 1,627 calories a day- 2,200 calories less than recommended for Indian males doing heavy labour in the 21st century.
349:
Governors of the
Presidencies. The statue was unveiled with much pomp at the North end of Bombay's Oval. It was moved in August 1965 to the grounds beside the Bhau Daji Lad Museum, Byculla, Bombay (Victoria and Albert Museum).
1200:
969:
1648:
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656:
Hall-Matthews, David (2008), "Inaccurate
Conceptions: Disputed Measures of Nutritional Needs and Famine Deaths in Colonial India", Modern Asian Studies, 42 (1): 1–24, doi:10.1017/S0026749X07002892
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Temple had kept a careful journal of his parliamentary experiences, intended for posthumous publication; and he self-published a short volume of reminiscences. He died at his residence at
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Temple was twice married. First, in 1849, to
Charlotte Frances Martindale, daughter of Benjamin Martindale. She died in 1855, leaving him with two young sons and a daughter:
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to bring substantial relief to the victims of the famine. This was one of the very few times the
British authorities provided adequate famine relief. The
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He remarried, in 1871, Mary
Augusta Lindsay, daughter of Charles Robert Lindsay, of the Indian Civil Service, and a member of the family of the
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In 1880, when Temple was nearing the end of his service in
British India, it was proposed that a commemorative statue for his 33 years in the
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291:(KCSI). In 1868 he became a member of the supreme government of India, first as foreign secretary and then as finance minister.
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208:, married in the middle of the 18th century the daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Temple, 5th Baronet (1694–1760), of the
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Quarterly 1st & 4th Or an eagle displayed Sable; 2nd & 3rd Argent two bars Sable each charged with three martlets Or.
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Civil Service in 1846. His hard work and literary skill were soon recognised; he was private secretary for some years to
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Temple was the son of Richard Temple (1800–1874) and his first wife Louisa Anne Rivett-Carnac (d. 1837), a daughter of
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596:. Temple's 33 years includes his time in the civil service of the East India Company, which preceded this.
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220:. Richard Temple (born 1826) inherited the estate on his father's death in 1874.
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Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography
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division, but in 1895 he retired from parliament. In 1896 he was appointed a
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Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third World
386:
184:(8 March 1826 – 15 March 1902), was a British colonial administrator in the
993:"Temple, Sir Richard (1826–1902) 1st Baronet MP Anglo Indian Administrator"
275:, and gained useful financial experience under James Wilson. He served as
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A Geographical Account of Countries Round the Bay of Bengal, 1669 to 1679
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A Geographical Account of Countries Round the Bay of Bengal, 1669 to 1679
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927:"Temple, Sir Richard, first baronet (1826–1902), administrator in India"
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849:"Temple, Charles Lindsay (1871–1929), colonial official and author"
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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https://www.theglobalist.com/the-global-famine-of-1877-and-1899/
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920:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
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The Indian Civil Service was established in 1858 after the
1649:
Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India
1679:
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
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British Sculpture in India: New Views and Old Memories
640:
638:
636:
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Journals Kept in Hyderabad, Kashmir, Sikkim, and Nepal
188:, who served as Governor of Bombay from 1877 to 1880.
762:"The Lake Region of Sikkim, on the Frontier of Tibet"
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in 1874, and prevented large scale deaths during the
957:
Men and Events of My Time in India by Richard Temple
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Five years later, in 1885, Temple was returned as a
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629:. No. 36718. London. 18 March 1902. p. 4.
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The Lake Region of Sikkim, on the Frontier of Tibet
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1659:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
16:British civil servant in India, Governor of Bombay
987:contributions in Parliament by Sir Richard Temple
1664:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
537:Coat of arms of Sir Richard Temple, 1st Baronet
513:. Lady Temple was appointed a Companion of the
287:. In 1867 he was made Knight Commander of the
283:until 1867, when he was appointed Resident at
1194:
302:, importing half a million tons of rice from
8:
1654:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
735:Steggles, Mary Ann; Barnes, Richard (2011).
620:
618:
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614:
612:
498:Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Martindale Temple,
261:the East India Company College at Haileybury
472:Temple also edited the 17th-century seaman
200:. His paternal ancestor, William Dicken of
19:For other people named Richard Temple, see
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58:
27:
1714:Members of the Bombay Legislative Council
929:. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
851:. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
644:
608:
585:
526:Lieutenant-Governor of Northern Nigeria
739:. Norfolk, UK: Frontier. p. 195.
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502:(1853–1905), of the diplomatic service
389:on 15 March 1902, from heart failure.
970:"Temple, Sir Richard, Bart (TML883R)"
7:
325:His services were recognised with a
294:He was made lieutenant-governor of
1709:Members of the London School Board
493:Richard Carnac Temple, 2nd Baronet
461:Sir Richard Carnac Temple (1887).
412:Men and Events of My Time in India
14:
441:John Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence
1211:Public Accounts Select Committee
1144:Baronetage of the United Kingdom
1063:Parliament of the United Kingdom
894:
554:On a ducal coronet a martlet Or.
505:Edith Frances Temple (1855–1933)
1699:People educated at Rugby School
810:(1905). Temple, Richard (ed.).
724:. 15 August 1876. p. 4532.
625:"Death of Sir Richard Temple".
511:Earls of Crawford and Balcarres
156:Sir Richard Temple, 1st Baronet
21:Richard Temple (disambiguation)
1674:Lieutenant-governors of Bengal
836:. 4 January 1878. p. 113.
337:, and his activity during the
310:, dogmatically committed to a
242:Temple as caricatured by Spy (
1:
1018:Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal
329:in 1876. In 1877 he was made
1704:Fellows of the Royal Society
942:UK public library membership
864:UK public library membership
974:A Cambridge Alumni Database
847:Alderman, C. J. F. (2004).
515:Order of the Crown of India
1735:
976:. University of Cambridge.
289:Order of the Star of India
144:East India Company College
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955:Autobiographical Memoir:
397:Works by Temple include:
341:of 1878–80 was untiring.
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1099:Sir Edmund Lechmere, Bt.
1072:Frederick Dixon-Hartland
1055:Sir James Fergusson, Bt.
760:Temple, Richard (1881).
594:Indian Rebellion of 1857
255:After being educated at
210:Temple baronets of Stowe
917:Encyclopædia Britannica
133:15 March 1902 (aged 76)
925:Steele, David (2004).
522:Charles Lindsay Temple
252:
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1171:Richard Carnac Temple
1136:Sir Thomas Skewes-Cox
480:, published in 1905.
432:Palestine Illustrated
238:
231:
1116:Member of Parliament
1079:Member of Parliament
1038:Sir Philip Wodehouse
995:. National Archives.
666:Davis, Mike (2001).
427:Journal at Hyderabad
422:Essays and Addresses
346:Indian Civil Service
263:, Temple joined the
95:Sir Philip Wodehouse
33:The Right Honourable
1669:Governors of Bombay
1109:Sir John Ellis, Bt.
1003:Government offices
912:Temple, Sir Richard
566:Templa Quam Dilecta
538:
524:(1871–1929), later
457:, a lecture in 1881
417:Oriental Experience
372:London School Board
198:James Rivett-Carnac
107:Sir James Fergusson
1045:Governor of Bombay
833:The London Gazette
816:. Hakluyt Society.
721:The London Gazette
308:British government
277:Chief Commissioner
253:
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186:19th-century India
72:Governor of Bombay
1626:
1625:
1551:acting, 1972–1973
1233:Pleydell-Bouverie
1177:
1176:
1168:Succeeded by
1133:Succeeded by
1096:Succeeded by
1052:Succeeded by
1025:Succeeded by
940:(subscription or
862:(subscription or
746:978-1-872914-41-1
685:978-1-85984-382-6
572:
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448:, a monograph on
335:Bombay Presidency
296:Bengal Presidency
281:Central Provinces
153:
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1694:UK MPs 1892–1895
1689:UK MPs 1886–1892
1684:UK MPs 1885–1886
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1396:A. Williams
1380:R. Williams
985:1803–2005:
828:"No. 24539"
716:"No. 24354"
674:. pp.
495:(1850–1931)
248:Vanity Fair
244:Leslie Ward
90:Preceded by
1633:Categories
1492:Waterhouse
1165:1876–1902
1162:of Kempsey
1049:1877–1880
1022:1874–1877
575:References
557:Escutcheon
339:Afghan War
206:Shropshire
192:Early life
139:Alma mater
1610:2010–2015
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944:required)
866:required)
786:0266-626X
627:The Times
604:Citations
387:Hampstead
327:baronetcy
285:Hyderabad
84:1877–1880
80:In office
1524:Houghton
1476:Assheton
1412:Guinness
1345:O'Connor
1249:Childers
1120:Kingston
376:Kingston
359:for the
331:Governor
279:for the
202:Sheinton
1615:Hillier
1572:Sheldon
1564:Barnett
1556:du Cann
1500:Edwards
1460:Pownall
1313:Lubbock
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1157:Baronet
1083:Evesham
982:Hansard
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271:in the
214:Kempsey
1516:Wilson
1508:Benson
1452:Elliot
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1420:Graham
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1364:Hayter
1337:Temple
1281:Dodson
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273:Punjab
265:Bengal
224:Career
1607:Hodge
1599:Leigh
1580:Davis
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1436:Jones
1305:Gorst
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678:–37.
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563:Motto
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367:Punch
257:Rugby
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1129:1895
1125:1892
1118:for
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935:2016
857:2016
782:ISSN
741:ISBN
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532:Arms
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160:GCSI
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122:Born
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