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his attitude toward Siroe. The commander of the army, Arasse, brings the false news that Siroe has been put to death. Emira, beside herself with grief and anger, reveals her true identity to the King and that she, not Siroe, was plotting the King's assassination. Arasse informs Emira that Siroe is actually still living and Emira then forestalls an attempt by
Medarse to kill his father the King and claim the throne for himself. Rebels have stormed the palace and are threatening the King when Siroe enters and drives them away. Siroe forgives his brother Medarse and implores Emira to drop her hatred. Siroe and Emira will marry, the King abdicates and Siroe will now be crowned King of Persia. All celebrate the fortunate outcome of events.
33:
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moment believes Siroe is attempting to murder "Idaspe" and has Siroe arrested. Emira is attempting to assassinate the King when
Medarse prevents this. Emira talks her way out of the King's suspicions. The King orders Siroe to reveal the names of the conspirators who are plotting against him or be put to death and Siroe chooses to die rather than reveal their names. Laodice implores "Idaspe" to use "his" influence with the King to prevent Siroe's execution.
435:) in the audience. Fist fights and disorder between rival groups of fans broke out in the audience and the two sopranos exchanged insults and came to blows onstage. The rest of the opera was cut, the performers going straight to the short final chorus, and the scandal was gleefully repeated in the newspapers, in satirical skits on other stages, and in mock-heroic verse, bringing the entire form of Italian opera into a certain amount of disrepute in London.
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an anonymous letter that there are plots against his life, without however naming the conspirators. Siroe is identified as the author of the letter, but still refuses to name the conspirators. The jealous
Laodice accuses Siroe of making unwanted sexual advances to her and the King announces that the succession to the throne will pass over Siroe and go to the younger Medarse instead, which makes both ladies feel guilty although Medarse rejoices.
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The people are in revolt at the news of the impending execution of the popular crown prince Siroe. Laodice confesses to the King that her stories about Siroe molesting her were lies. She is joined by Emira in begging the King to spare Siroe's life and the King's memories of his son's childhood soften
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Before the action begins, King Cosroe has had Asbite, father of Emira, assassinated. Emira has disguised herself as a man, "Idaspe", and has come to King Cosroe's court, thirsting for revenge for her father's death. There she has fallen in love with the heir to the throne, Siroe, and he, aware of her
422:
had appeared in continental
European countries in operas together without incident, but in London they developed rival groups of fans that interrupted the performances with rowdy displays of partisanship for one lady or another. This came to a climax on 6 June 1727 during a performance at the King's
413:
of an organisation called the Royal
Academy of Music (unconnected with the present day London conservatoire), a company under royal charter to produce Italian operas in London. Handel was not only to compose operas for the company but hire the star singers, supervise the orchestra and musicians, and
359:
Siroe, the upright crown prince of Persia, is aware of the machinations surrounding him and rejects both Emira's plots for revenge for her father's death and
Laodice's desire for his love. Siroe discovers that the two ladies and his brother Medarse are conspiring to kill Cosroe and warns the King in
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Handel continued to supply operas for the trio of star singers, Senesino, Cuzzoni and
Faustina (as she was known) however, even though these singers received astronomical fees, much more than he received for composing the works, which combined with declining audience numbers caused at least in part
417:
Handel had composed numerous
Italian operas for the Academy, with varying degrees of success; some were enormously popular. The castrato Senesino and the soprano Francesca Cuzzoni had appeared in a succession of Handel operas for the Academy (he was not the only composer who composed operas for the
368:
Siroe bewails his fate. Accused of treachery by his father, constantly badgered by the unwanted attentions of
Laodice and continually pressed to revenge her father's death by his sweetheart Emira, Siroe draws his sword to commit suicide in front of the disguised Emira, but the King entering at this
387:
539:
and the jig was always a favourite as long as movements in that measure were in fashion. Handel himself seems to have been not insensible to its merit, for I heard him play it by memory as a lesson at Mrs. Cibber's, with wonderful neatness and spirit near twenty years after it was
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The Opera will not survive after this winter... I am certain excepting some few, the
English have no real taste for musick; for if they had, they could not neglect an entertainment so perfect in its kind for a parcel of ballad singers. I am so peevish about it, that I have no
511:
The Royal Academy of Music collapsed at the end of the 1728/29 season,partly due to the huge fees paid to the star singers, and Cuzzoni and Faustina both left London for engagements in continental Europe. Handel started a new opera company with a new prima donna,
197:
351:
true identity, with her also. Cosroe's younger son Prince Medarse wants to get rid of both his father and his older brother so that he can have the throne himself. Laodice, the king's mistress, has also fallen in love with crown prince Siroe.
472:, which specifically spoofed opera seria of the sort presented by the Royal Academy of Music, opened in London with sensational success and achieved the longest run of any stage piece up to that time. One of Handel's most loyal supporters,
520:, wrote in a letter (the original is in Italian) that Handel said that Strada "sings better than the two who have left us, because one of them (Faustina) never pleased him at all and he would like to forget the other (Cuzzoni)."
418:
company) most of which had been successful with audiences, and in 1726 the directors of the Academy brought over another internationally renowned singer, Faustina Bordoni, to add to the company's attractions. The two
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The German-born Handel, after spending some of his early career composing operas and other pieces in Italy, settled in London, where in 1711 he had brought Italian opera for the first time with his opera
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achieved a successful run of eighteen performances as Delany wrote on 19 March: "Operas are something mended within this fortnight; they are much fuller than they have been any time this winter."
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Yesterday I was at the rehearsal of the new opera composed by Handel: I like it extremely, but the taste of the town is so depraved, that nothing will be approved of but the burlesque.
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created a craze in London for Italian opera seria, a form focused overwhelmingly on solo arias for the star virtuoso singers. In 1719, Handel was appointed
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by the ridicule brought upon Italian opera by the rival sopranos' public spat, was causing severe financial difficulty for the Royal Academy of Music.
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https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1991/08/18/feasting-on-handel-and-the-beauty-of-baroque/37828121-c925-4521-8423-4d7dfbf43a31/
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entirely triumphs over the Italian one. I have not yet seen it, but everybody that has seen it, says it is very comical and full of humour.
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172:, like all Handel operas, receives performances at festivals and opera houses today. Among other performances,
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99:. Like many of Metastasio's libretti, it was also set by Handel's contemporaries, e.g. by
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went unperformed for many years, but with the revival of interest in Baroque music and
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Anna Dennis, Aleksandra Zamojska, Antonio Giovannini, Yosemeh Adjei, Ross Ramgobin,
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is set. The figure in the middle at the top is the King called "Cosroe" in the opera
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The story of the opera is a fictionalisation of some events in the life of
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The second of the two volume definitive reference on the operas of Handel
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A General History of Music: from the Earliest Ages to the Present Period.
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The opera was first given under the direction of the composer at the
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A month later she was in even greater despair about opera in London:
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This article is about the Handel opera. For the Hasse opera, see
157:
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160:, Germany, in December 1925. As with all Baroque opera seria,
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Vol. 4. London 1789 reprint: Cambridge University Press 2010,
762:
Resurfaces in Venice : A Scenic Revival of a Rare Handel"
431:
with both singers onstage and royalty (thirteen-year-old
228:
daughter of Asbite, King of Cambaya, and Siroe's lover
152:
in London on 17 February 1728 and it was also seen in
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Caricature of Senesino, who created the role of Siroe
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Agrippina condotta a morire or Dunque sarĂ pur vero
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1623:
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1203:
16:
Opera seria in three acts by George Frideric Handel
454:Francesca Cuzzoni, who created the role of Laodice
414:adapt operas from Italy for London performance.
156:, Germany. It was rediscovered and performed in
573:Emira, Laodice, Medarse, Siroe, Arasse, Cosroe
544:The opera is scored for strings, two oboes and
442:Faustina Bordoni, who created the role of Emira
787:"Göttingen International Handel Festival 2013"
2591:Cultural depictions of ancient Persian people
1163:
8:
895:The Gilded Stage: A Social History of Opera
700:
698:
129:) premiered in the year of Handel's death.
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918:
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458:Additionally, on 28 January 1728, just as
1143:International Music Score Library Project
178:Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista
166:historically informed musical performance
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315:Cosroe's general and confidante of Siroe
203:
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809:
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186:Göttingen International Handel Festival
1696:L'Allegro, il Penseroso ed il Moderato
587:1989, studio: Performing Arts Center,
1632:Il trionfo del Tempo e del Disinganno
246:Cosroe's mistress and Arasse's sister
206:Roles, voice types, and premiere cast
81:. The opera uses an Italian-language
7:
2503:
732:"Handel:A Biographical Introduction"
597:, Andrea Matthews, Steven Rickards,
504:Nevertheless, Handel did not revive
136:(also known as Shērōē), King of the
2370:Keyboard suite in D minor (HWV 437)
1636:Il trionfo del Tempo e della VeritĂ
1073:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
476:, lamented in a letter to a friend:
176:received staged productions at the
1861:Ode for the Birthday of Queen Anne
858:Essays on Handel and Italian Opera
756:Stevens, David (10 January 2001).
601:, Frederick Urrey, John Ostendorf
390:The King's Theatre, London, where
14:
2026:Funeral Anthem for Queen Caroline
1112:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
604:Brewer Baroque Chamber Orchestra,
2561:Operas by George Frideric Handel
2538:
2512:
2502:
2492:
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2047:Wedding anthem for Princess Anne
1254:
924:"Handel Reference Database 1728"
855:Reinhard Strohm (20 June 1985).
184:opera house in 2001 and at the
122:'s setting of the libretto (see
66:. It was his 12th opera for the
23:. For the Errichelli opera, see
548:(cello, lute and harpsichord).
531:that concludes the overture to
516:. One of Handel's librettists,
337:Relief from Persia at the time
220:Premiere cast, 17 February 1728
2468:Handel & Hendrix in London
180:in Venice in association with
1:
2586:Operas set in the 7th century
2141:Music for the Royal Fireworks
1640:The Triumph of Time and Truth
706:"G. F. Handel's Compositions"
2596:Cultural depictions of kings
2072:Utrecht Te Deum and Jubilate
1956:Tra le fiamme (Il consiglio)
1211:Handel's lost Hamburg operas
663:Göttingen Festival Orchestra
346:Scene: Persia, about 628 AD.
322:Giovanni Battista Palmerini
272:Francesco Bernardi, called "
2601:Operas based on real people
508:in any subsequent seasons.
2622:
2606:Sasanian Empire in fiction
1086:Handel's Operas, 1726–1741
1061:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
523:18th century musicologist
18:
2486:
2386:Handel Reference Database
2364:The Harmonious Blacksmith
2054:Foundling Hospital Anthem
1942:O lucenti, o sereni occhi
1875:Ode For St. Cecilia's Day
1185:
843:Handel's operas 1704–1726
394:had its first performance
2401:Hallische Händel-Ausgabe
2391:Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis
2379:Catalogs and collections
893:Snowman, Daniel (2010).
653:2013, live in Göttingen
462:was nearing completion,
405:. A tremendous success,
70:and was written for the
2566:Italian-language operas
1900:Allor ch'io dissi addio
1854:Aci, Galatea e Polifemo
1759:Joseph and his Brethren
841:and J. M. Knapp (1995)
2326:Concerti grossi, Op. 6
2321:Concerti grossi, Op. 3
2316:Organ concertos, Op. 7
2311:Organ concertos, Op. 4
2086:Queen Caroline Te Deum
1829:The Choice of Hercules
1179:George Frideric Handel
542:
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486:
455:
443:
395:
342:
201:
68:Royal Academy of Music
64:George Frideric Handel
39:
37:George Frideric Handel
1914:Clori, Tirsi e Fileno
791:Early music today.com
537:
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453:
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389:
336:
307:Giuseppe Maria Boschi
283:younger son of Cosroe
199:
87:Nicola Francesco Haym
35:
2448:Letters and writings
1921:Dalla guerra amorosa
1582:Va tacito e nascosto
1575:Svegliatevi nel core
1195:List of compositions
648:cat.: HMY 292182627
634:Cappella Coloniensis
382:Context and analysis
2443:British citizenship
2396:Händel-Gesellschaft
2120:Oboe Concerto No. 2
2115:Oboe Concerto No. 1
2110:Oboe Concerto No. 3
1780:Occasional Oratorio
1561:Lascia ch'io pianga
1138:Siroe, re di Persia
1002:www.prestomusic.com
619:Johanna Stojkovic,
609:CD: Newport Classic
570:Cast (high to low):
563:
262:older son of Cosroe
208:
144:Performance history
120:Pasquale Errichelli
109:Johann Adolph Hasse
44:Siroe, re di Persia
2581:Operas set in Iran
1973:Latin church music
1963:Un'alma innamorata
1928:Del bell'idolo mio
1907:Aure soavi e lieti
928:Ichriss.ccarh.org/
897:. Atlantic Books.
766:The New York Times
712:. Handel Institute
623:, Gunther Schmid,
556:
482:The Beggar's Opera
469:The Beggar's Opera
456:
444:
429:Giovanni Bononcini
396:
343:
204:
202:
40:
25:Siroe (Errichelli)
2526:
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2458:Handel at Cannons
2129:Orchestral suites
2079:Dettingen Te Deum
2012:As Pants the Hart
1868:Alexander's Feast
1515:Alessandro Severo
1452:Parnasso in festa
1088:, Boydell Press,
1071:17 February 1728"
985:978-1-1080-1642-1
953:handelhendrix.org
819:handelhendrix.org
681:
680:
668:Laurence Cummings
433:Princess Caroline
326:
325:
254:Francesca Cuzzoni
168:since the 1960s,
75:Francesca Cuzzoni
62:in three acts by
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2436:Related articles
2093:Chandos Jubilate
2019:Zadok the Priest
1846:Odes and masques
1787:Judas Maccabaeus
1592:Incidental music
1445:Arianna in Creta
1396:Lotario (Handel)
1291:Acis and Galatea
1284:Amadigi di Gaula
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52:, King of Persia
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1647:La resurrezione
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1553:Opera excerpts
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1263:Il pastor fido
1259:
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1198:
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1192:
1190:List of operas
1186:
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1131:External links
1129:
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1103:Hicks, Anthony
1100:
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1023:"Handel Siroe"
1014:
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973:Charles Burney
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904:978-1843544661
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674:Accent Records
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645:Harmonia Mundi
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411:music director
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2033:Sing Unto God
2030:
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2016:
2014:
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1980:Dixit Dominus
1978:
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1949:Ero e Leandro
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1117:Stanley Sadie
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21:Siroe (Hasse)
2490:
2473:Georg Händel
2463:Handel House
2362:
2355:
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2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
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2024:
2017:
2010:
1995:Salve Regina
1990:Nisi Dominus
1961:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1926:
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1568:Ombra mai fu
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1082:Dean, Winton
1075:(in Italian)
1064:
1055:
1054:
1042:
1030:. Retrieved
1026:
1017:
1005:. Retrieved
1001:
992:
976:
968:
956:. Retrieved
952:
943:
931:. Retrieved
927:
894:
888:
880:Google Books
878:– via
872:. Retrieved
857:
850:
842:
834:
822:. Retrieved
818:
794:. Retrieved
790:
781:
769:. Retrieved
765:
759:
751:
739:. Retrieved
735:
726:
714:. Retrieved
709:
688:
687:
572:
558:
543:
538:
532:
522:
510:
505:
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498:
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491:
487:
481:
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467:
459:
457:
445:
424:
420:prima donnas
416:
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367:
358:
349:
338:
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296:
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261:
245:
227:
173:
169:
161:
154:Braunschweig
147:
131:
125:
114:
94:
48:
43:
42:
41:
29:
2576:1728 operas
2174:Fitzwilliam
2136:Water Music
1730:Der Messias
1007:27 November
958:29 December
824:29 December
741:29 December
716:29 December
591:, Purchase
561:discography
518:Paolo Rolli
514:Anna Strada
474:Mary Delany
423:Theatre of
140:in 628 AD.
60:opera seria
58:24), is an
2555:Categories
1773:Belshazzar
1361:Alessandro
1312:Floridante
1032:1 February
1027:Gramophone
874:2 February
684:References
579:Conductor
577:Orchestra,
552:Recordings
425:Astianatte
216:Voice type
91:Metastasio
2417:Göttingen
2410:Festivals
2343:Germanico
2064:Canticles
1709:Structure
1624:Oratorios
1508:Faramondo
1466:Ariodante
1403:Partenope
1347:Rodelinda
1340:Tamerlano
1298:Radamisto
1244:Agrippina
987:, p. 330.
949:"Lotario"
845:, p. 298.
621:Sunhae Im
540:composed.
493:patience.
281:Medarse,
244:Laodice,
188:in 2013.
182:La Fenice
2497:Category
1885:Cantatas
1822:Theodora
1766:Hercules
1724:Part III
1543:Deidamia
1501:Berenice
1494:Giustino
1480:Atalanta
1354:Scipione
1216:Florindo
1084:(2006),
839:Dean, W.
546:continuo
497:However
464:John Gay
329:Synopsis
313:Arasse,
295:Cosroe,
274:Senesino
268:castrato
250:soprano
134:Kavad II
113:Hasse's
89:, after
83:libretto
72:sopranos
2508:Commons
2161:sonatas
2159:XV solo
2004:Anthems
1836:Jephtha
1815:Solomon
1808:Susanna
1719:Part II
1703:Messiah
1675:Athalia
1668:Deborah
1614:Alceste
1487:Arminio
1438:Orlando
1424:Sosarme
1389:Tolomeo
1251:Rinaldo
1237:Rodrigo
1056:Sources
998:"Siroe"
933:30 June
815:"Siroe"
796:29 June
771:29 June
407:Rinaldo
402:Rinaldo
260:Siroe,
233:soprano
226:Emira,
2571:Operas
2531:Portal
2427:London
2357:Gideon
1985:Gloria
1794:Joshua
1752:Semele
1745:Samson
1714:Part I
1661:Esther
1536:Imeneo
1473:Alcina
1459:Oreste
1431:Catone
1368:Admeto
1326:Flavio
1319:Ottone
1230:Almira
1222:Daphne
1204:Operas
1123:
1115:, ed.
1092:
1069:
983:
901:
865:
582:Label
50:Siroes
2545:Opera
2518:Audio
2422:Halle
2350:Nabal
2335:Other
2151:Flute
1607:Comus
1522:Serse
1382:Siroe
1277:Silla
1270:Teseo
1107:Siroe
1065:Siroe
760:Siroe
689:Notes
616:2003
567:Year
559:Siroe
533:Siroe
529:gigue
506:Siroe
499:Siroe
460:Siroe
392:Siroe
373:Act 3
364:Act 2
355:Act 1
339:Siroe
319:bass
266:alto
212:Role
192:Roles
174:Siroe
170:Siroe
162:Siroe
126:Siroe
115:Siroe
111:(see
96:Siroe
2453:Will
2304:Opus
2240:367b
2235:367a
2220:364b
2215:364a
2210:363b
2205:363a
2185:359b
2180:359a
2157:and
2155:solo
1682:Saul
1417:Ezio
1410:Poro
1121:ISBN
1090:ISBN
1034:2024
1009:2018
981:ISBN
960:2016
935:2014
899:ISBN
876:2013
863:ISBN
826:2016
798:2014
773:2014
743:2016
718:2016
672:CD:
643:CD:
589:SUNY
302:bass
158:Gera
107:and
77:and
2295:379
2290:378
2285:376
2280:375
2275:374
2270:373
2265:372
2260:371
2255:370
2250:369
2245:368
2230:366
2225:365
2200:362
2195:361
2190:360
2168:358
1109:",
1105:, "
466:'s
427:by
118:).
93:'s
85:by
56:HWV
2557::
2153:,
1219:,
1025:.
1000:.
975::
951:.
926:.
913:^
817:.
806:^
789:.
764:.
734:.
708:.
697:^
276:"
103:,
54:,
2533::
2176:"
2172:"
1584:"
1580:"
1577:"
1573:"
1570:"
1566:"
1563:"
1559:"
1225:)
1213:(
1171:e
1164:t
1157:v
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