Sétif - Knowledge (XXG)

2459: 2211:

workers' housing schemes. The city center of Setif was reinvested twice, with modern architecture being promoted in the 1930s with public operations, and after World War 2 by the holders of agricultural capital, who consolidated the best locations to form tall buildings made with reinforced concrete structures. The new modern urban form neighborhood, The Pines, located at the southern boundary of the public hospital, which was highly regarded for its architecture and modern amenities. The architecture in The Pines was utilitarian, focusing on functionality and the absence of ornament, while the Bouaroua district located at the eastern end of the city saw a similar situation. Some buildings in Setif showed a return to the past with an Arabist style, drawing on Islamic architecture, and this return was seen as more of a Situationist approach than a doctrine. Setif was a testing ground for the Modern Movement, with the application and experimentation of modern architecture and building techniques, and a mix of traditional and modern elements being incorporated into the city's architectural language.

2421: 2570: 2220:

destination for those looking to enjoy its fresh air and attractive public lighting. The city center, as well as the bus station and main streets, are well-kept and appealing to visitors. Despite some challenges, Sétif remains dedicated to preserving its image as a clean and attractive city where it is enjoyable to live. The city's parks and green spaces are well-maintained and provide a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of daily life. The wali of Sétif has recently expressed his commitment to improving the city's image and has taken steps to work with local authorities and the Department of the Environment to address any issues related to cleanliness and public health. With continued efforts, Sétif can remain a vibrant city where residents and visitors alike can thrive and enjoy its many benefits.

2635:

collective dinner, the scattering of grains of wheat and corn on the trees as a symbol of a bountiful harvest, the cutting of the hair of children under one year old, the exchange of visits and various activities such as collective games, singing and invocations, and charitable actions towards the poor. The Yennayer celebrations also feature workshops for teaching the Amazigh alphabet to children, drawing, and the presentation of popular dishes, traditional Amazigh outfits, concerts, conferences, plays, and exhibitions that are mostly held in the Houari-Boumediene culture center and the national public museum. The celebration of Yennayer is seen as a way to highlight the values of the Amazigh culture, heritage, and traditions, which are an integral part of the culture in Setif and the country as a whole.

2841:

pursuing further energy projects, including the construction of a 60/220 kilovolt transformer in the city of Sétif and another 30/60 kilovolt transformer in El Eulma. The CEO of Sonelgaz Group also stated that the wilaya has provided over 11,900 homes with electrical energy and 2,250 homes with natural gas in previously under-served areas. In line with the President's policy to improve living conditions, over 350 farms have been connected to electricity and the state is committed to connecting all industrial zones to both gas and electricity. Schools and new homes will not experience any delays in being connected to energy, as Sonelgaz has canceled payment conditions prior to connection charges.

1115:"The city of Sétif is two days from El-Mecila (...) one arrives at Sétif, a large and important city, whose origin dates back to ancient times.' The wall that surrounded it was destroyed by the Ketama, followers of Abu Abd'Allah ash-Shi'i, because the Arabs had taken it away from them and had forced them to pay a tithe every time they wanted to enter it. It is now without walls, but it is nevertheless well populated and very flourishing. The bazaars are in great number, and all the commodities are in great number, Sétif is ten days from Kairouan, ten days from Gazrouna and one day from Tanaguelalt located in the neighborhood of Mila. ". 2321:

territory with a more pronounced concentration in the town center that conquers new lands or encompasses old centers due to its all-around expansion. The municipality had 286,715 residents in 2006, of which 260,910 were in the town center. This figure represents a concentration percentage (91%) due to an average annual increase of approximately 5,000 residents per year since independence. In 2008, the last census gave a figure of 300,000 residents in the Sétif municipality. More than 90% of the population represents residents in the town center of the municipality, which has experienced significant expansions in the last fifty years.

1316: 2153:

forests and 39,144 hectares of planted forests, which make up 41.38% of the total tree coverage. The low vegetation coverage in the city of Sétif is a concern as it can lead to soil erosion, reduced air quality, and decreased biodiversity. On the other hand, the high percentage of forested area within the wilaya provides important ecological benefits, including carbon sequestration, wildlife habitat, and recreation opportunities. It is crucial for the city to address the low vegetation coverage and work towards improving the balance between urbanization and preservation of the natural environment.

2670: 1636:

lead, and zinc, which have played a significant role in the economic development of the region. The geology of the area is also characterized by its high altitude, which provides a cooler climate and stunning views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. The geology and relief of Sétif work together to create a unique environment that sets it apart from other cities in the region. The diverse and varied landscape provides a rich and interesting environment, with features such as towering cliffs, rolling hills, and fertile valleys all contributing to the character of the region.

2356:

terms of cost of living. The median after-tax salary in Setif is €214, which is sufficient to cover living expenses for 0.8 months. This puts Setif at 9th best city to live in Algeria. It is a relatively affordable city to live in, with a cost of living that is lower compared to many other cities in the world. However, the median after-tax salary may not be enough to cover all living expenses for a full month, but the city's ranking as one of the best places to live in Algeria highlights its appeal as a potential destination for those seeking a good quality of life.

1355: 2892: 1286: 2578: 86: 2801: 119: 2747: 2681:) founded in total discretion in September 1958, on the orders of the command of the FLN revolution, for a mission of Fidaye. Since then, the Entente has become a major club in the Algerian football scene with several national titles (8 Algerian Cups, 8 Championships including 2 doubles, and two Algerian Super Cups), as well as regional and international (2 Arab Cups of Champions Clubs, 2 African Cups of Champions Clubs, an Afro-Asian Cup, and an African Super Cup). 66: 2957: 1644:

Undefined formations: Formed from the slopes deposits of Tmai and granite and form arable land for agriculture, which spreads along the main wadies in a circular shape. Sometimes they form a group of small plateaus, the most important of which is the Fermatou plateau. Ancient formations: Representing clays from the Bechar sea and flanks of the Philakron formation, with a feature that distinguishes it by the uplift of the Setifian high plateau.

661: 2944: 1019: 2905: 622: 563: 434:. It was destroyed during the Arab invasion of North Africa. In 1839 when France occupied the site, they found it in ruins apart from Roman ruins of the Byzantine fortress of Setif, and the ruined civilian housing from roman and byzantine periods. Reconstruction of a civilian part of the city began with the construction of a Catholic Church of Setif which is the first building established by the colonial French. 2194: 4375: 2918: 2770: 2689: 2617:

their emergence and boost the cultural dynamics in the region. The event includes a competition, with a jury made up of Algerian artists and directors evaluating the films on the program and awarding the Golden Spike prize to the best short film, among other prizes. Additionally, various activities such as debate sessions and professional workshops and masterclasses are also held during the event.

4535: 3130: 2528:

accompanied by meat. Chorba frik, a traditional soup, is also very present in Setif, it's made of frik (cracked wheat), lamb, chicken, tomato, onion, spices; it is often served with bourek, an Algerian pastry made of a thin flaky dough with a variety of fillings, such as meat, cheese, spinach, or potatoes. Tagines, mechoui, ghraif (traditional pancakes) are other dishes we can find in the city.

4421: 4110: 2866: 192: 2162: 2879: 3009: 3022: 2996: 2983: 2931: 1561: 956: 2970: 1578: 1553: 2653: 1536: 2520: 4055: 2553:(now Kerouani high school), then the old courthouse of the Wilaya was made available to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to temporarily house the museum from 1965, a new museum was inaugurated on April 30, 1985, the Sétif museum was under the supervision of the Regional Museum (site museum) until its promotion to the National Museum on June 7, 1992. 2661:

University of Setif 1 Farhat Abbas, the University of Setif 2 Mohamed Lamine Dabaghin, as well as institutes and institutions of higher education, which are run by the Directorate of Education of Setif, affiliated to the Algerian Ministry of Education, and they serve Algerian citizens, as well as those coming from the Arab world and African countries.

126: 93: 2347:

received a favorable opinion, resulting in 81,000 jobs being created in sectors such as industry, agro-food, building materials, and services. The director of industry and mines, Mermouchi Mohamed, also believes that the wilaya of Sétif is poised for a prosperous future in terms of investment, wealth creation, and job growth.

1363:

repression was carried out by the army and civilian militias. 3,700 men were deployed in the subdivision of Sétif (equivalent to two French departments). It was Governor Chataigneau who declared a state of siege. He gave full powers to General Henri Martin, head of the army in North Africa, to "restore emergency order.

1614:

reaching an altitude of 1,100 meters. The city also has a unique geographical position that separates the Tellian Atlas in the north and the desert chain in the south. This combination of diverse landscapes and geographical features makes the city of Sétif a unique and attractive place to live and visit.

2616:

A cultural event that takes place in downtown Sétif. The event features the screening of Algerian and foreign short films, as well as feature films of Algerian production that have participated in film festivals. The objective of the event is to promote young talents in the field of cinema, encourage

2561:

Built to the east of the old citadel opposite the current seat of the wilaya, the national museum, previously named the national museum of archeology, has a conference room, a projection room, a library, an exhibition hall, in addition to the rooms of the archeology museum which spans Prehistory, the

2527:

The Berboucha dish is typically Setifian, a couscous mainly with lamb, turnips and chard. The Mferemsa dish is also typical of the city, large sheets of dough, cooked and drizzled with a sweet, salty, sour and spicy red sauce, made up of onions, spices, tomatoes, chickpeas, apricots, and raisins, all

2510:

The first were Groupe Saada, then Samir Staifi, Bekhachi, Djamel, Nordine and others. Today, Editions Charihene (Batna), El Amir (Constantine), Intherlux (Sétif) and Boualem (Marseille) are very representative of the "staifi" music. Katchou, Cheb Farat, Khalasse, Rochdi, Ghania, Fella, Djamal, Hasna,

2338:

Sétif has an important potential of training almost 9000 posts of professional and specialized training which can be readapted to the current context, and of two university poles with 5 249 students; thus, the job seekers will present themselves on the labor market with a diversified and increasingly

2219:

Sétif, known as "the cleanest city in Algeria" since the 80s, is still renowned for its beautiful appearance and healthy environment. With its colossal budget, the municipality of Sétif has the means to maintain its clean and well-maintained streets and avenues. Today, Sétif continues to be a popular

2152:

The vegetation coverage of Sétif is characterized by a low percentage of the minimum ecological balance, estimated at 25% of the total area of the wilaya. Forests make up a significant portion of the vegetation, representing 66.15% of the total area of the wilaya, including 62,750 hectares of natural

1651:

Formations of the Paleozoic Era: Formations of the Permian and Lothian: Representing white clay with cracks of black silica. They are located in narrow areas to the north of the city Cambrian and Mastricht formations: Represents white clay with fragments of sandstone and black shale. They are located

1118:

The city was successively administered by the Muslim dynasties that ruled North Africa: Umayyads, Abbasids, Aghlabids, Fatimids, Zirids, Almohads, Hafsids, Ottomans. According to the historian Al-Yaqubi in the Kitab al-Buldan, taken up by A.Duri, a fraction of the Arabs Banu Assad ibn Khuzaima called

851:

The city has preserved vestiges from the 2nd and 4th centuries: ramparts, a temple, a circus, a mausoleum known as "Scipio's", etc. The product of the archaeological excavations is preserved and exhibited in the city's Archaeological Museum, and various steles in the Abd el-Kader garden. It is to put

2585:

The first stopover leads to the heart of prehistory, which attests to the existence of a human civilization from the earliest ages in the region. The second stopover presents the Roman and Byzantine civilization which left many traces in Sétif, such as collections of ceramics, glass, funerary steles

2395:

The city of Setif has an industrial base mainly focused on plastic processing, food processing and construction materials. As a result, Setif is among the first five pilot areas to host the future ZIDIs: Integrated Industrial Development Zones. Commercial activity is also very dynamic with more than

2355:

Setif is considered to be one of the least expensive cities in the world. According to the information provided, the average cost of living in Setif is €282, which puts it in the top 1% of the cheapest cities and ranks 12th out of 9294 cities globally. In Algeria, Setif ranks 5th out of 30 cities in

2346:

Adviser to the President of the Republic for the economy, Abdelaziz Khellaf, has praised the wilaya of Sétif as one of the most important poles of industry in the country, thanks to the efforts and determination of its economic operators. Out of the 2,379 investment applications received, 1,175 have

2329:

Sétif is a very dynamic city, it is one of the most industrialized municipalities in Algeria. The city is an economic hub with great potential for growth and investment. The region has a strong focus on agriculture and industry, and is home to many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) which are

2171:

The municipality of Setif includes 12 administrative annexes elaborating the activities that affect the civil status of citizens. These annexes are: Downtown, Cité El Moustakbel (Birguey), Cité Yahaoui (Tandja), Cité 1er Novembre (1014), Bouaroua, El Hidhab, El Hassi, Ain Trik, El Baz, Chouf Lekdad,

1647:

Formations of the Tertiary Era: Paleocene Formations: Representing sand, Tmai limestone and clay. It is located in the form of a wide strip in the eastern side, narrowing to the west with some northern and southern branches. These formations form the foundation on which the city of Setif is located.

1243:

This excavation demonstrated that the first Islamic houses were built with reused ashlars reinforced on their inner side with pebbles bound with adobe. Carbon 14 dating refers to a period between 655 and 970. The excavation brought to light nine buildings that were dated between the year 810 (during

1169:

This internal power struggle enabled Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i to go on the offensive and capture Sétif from the Aghlabids. He had already tried to besiege the strongly fortified city twice, but to no avail. However, in probably October or November of 904, after the city's Arab ruler died, a Berber from

2831:

The terminal has 10 check-in counters, 8 PAF filters at the level of departures, and at international arrivals, the airport has 11 boxes, one of which is dedicated to disabled persons. The terminal building has increased from a capacity of 250,000 passengers/year to 450,000 passengers/year. It also

2777:

The first line was opened on May 8, 2018, and spans a distance of 22.4 km with 26 stations, all with historical names. The first line connects between the University of Setif 1 Frahat Abbas (El Baz Pivot), the central university, the 8 May 1945 Stadium, the passenger transfer station, the city

2755:

was completed in 1897. The station is located on the ALGER-CONSTANTINE (AC) line, with five (5) trains, three (3) of which go to the capital Algiers, one (1) to Constantine, and one (1) to Annaba. Approximately twelve (12) trains carrying goods from various places arrive daily at the Setif station.

2754:

The Setif train station is estimated to be around 118 years old (1897-2015). Its construction was agreed upon during the city's municipal meeting in 1877. The meeting decided that the construction of the station would be an appropriate way to celebrate the arrival of the train once the construction

2431:

is one of the most important historical monuments in the city of Sétif. It was moved to the city of Sétif during the time of French colonialism in 1899 AD and was placed in the heart of the old city in the middle of three religious monuments, the old mosque, the Jewish temple and the church, in the

2205:

between 1930 and 1962, reflecting the urban dynamics of the city and being influenced by various factors such as financial measures, technological processes, and the work of architects and contractors. The introduction of reinforced concrete was a catalyst for the development of modern architecture

1678:

Due to Setif's location in the highlands, it has one of the coldest winters in Algeria, it frequently sees annual snowfalls of up to 40 cm. The region records significant rainfall in winter. Flash floods are rare, but have recently occurred around spring and fall. The summer is relatively hot,

1293:

In 1838, the city was taken by a column of the French colonial army as part of the operations to take Constantine. The occupation was initially military, but civilians (workers) soon flocked to the city. A first urban plan of the city was set up by decree in 1843 and saw the formation of a European

1239:

Remains of this Arab-Muslim period were unearthed in the early 1980s. According to Khelifa Abderrahmane, the results of these excavations are very interesting: "The city was not totally abandoned and the remains of the baths served as occasional shelter for men and livestock. The development of the

2728:

The transport in the city is largely served by buses, which are operated by both private companies and government institutions. There are two types of bus service, one that operates within the boundaries of the city and the other that connects Setif to the rest of the province and other regions of

2716:

Setif is a major city in Algeria and boasts a variety of transportation options to accommodate its residents. These include taxis, both public and private buses, the railway system, and the May 8, 1945, airport. In the future, the Setif Tramway, which will be the longest tramway line in Algeria at

2607:

A musical event that showcases the sacred songs of Sufi culture. It takes place at the Houari-Boumediene culture center in Sétif and features participants from different countries. The objective of the festival is to spread the art of Sufi Samaa to a wider audience and to make it a universal human

2534:

The economic intensity of Setif has favored the opening of several establishments offering menus of local, national international origin. The famous type of restaurants that specialize in traditional cuisine is locally known as Khaima, translates simply to "tent". These restaurants offer a diverse

2342:

In terms of SMEs, the wilaya of Sétif has 4,384 businesses employing over 19,000 workers in the industry sector. The region also has two industrial zones in Sétif and El Eulma, and the mega industrial zone of Ouled Saber, which is expected to create an additional 19,000 jobs. In total, 15 activity

1613:

The natural structure of Sétif is characterized by its non-homogeneity due to its location between two distinct regions; the Tellian Atlas in the north and the Aures mountains in the south, with the plain region in the middle. This diversity results in a city with both a wide and elevated terrain,

1389:

The events in Sétif during the Algerian War were marked by political and social unrest, as well as acts of violence and resistance against the French colonial government. The conflict that started in 1945 continued for several years, with acts of sabotage, guerrilla warfare and armed attacks being

1362:

The news of the riot quickly spread throughout the region. The demonstration of independence fighters in Sétif turns into a violent insurrection. The revolt spread to neighboring towns. The repression that followed was disproportionate and extremely brutal, killing thousands of demonstrators. This

1272:

In the mid-eleventh century this development stopped abruptly, and a defensive wall was built around the city. Nothing more is known of Sétif until the ruins of the town were used by the French army, who built their own fortress on the site in 1848, using the line of the medieval city wall and the

637:

the Colonia Nerviana Augusta Martialis Veteranorum Sitifensium. Although no buildings of this period are known, a cemetery excavated in the 1960s seems to have contained tombs from the early colony. Claudius reduced Mauritania into a Roman province, divided it in two, and attached Setif to the new

2552:

The city of Sétif has acquired a museum tradition that dates back to the end of the 19th century with the first lapidary museum in the former garden of Orléans in 1896 (today the garden of the Emir Abdelkader), then it was a room of exhibition for works of art at the Albertini high school in 1932

2469:

is a shopping mal that has been open since February 2016. Located along the Avenue de l'ALN, between the seat of the Wilaya to the east and the amusement park to the west, the large building includes a 5-storey shopping center, the largest in Algeria, a business center, a hotel and a multipurpose

1635:

The geology of Sétif is defined by its location on the high plateaus of the Little Kabylie region in northeastern Algeria. The city is situated on sedimentary rock formations composed mainly of sandstones, marls, and limestones. These rock formations are rich in mineral resources, including iron,

1626:

The hydrography of Sétif plays a crucial role in the city's water management and availability. The unpredictable flow of the wadis can make access to water resources challenging, but they also provide a source of water for both the city and surrounding agricultural lands. Effective management and

1248:

with a figurative ceramic shard was found in the third floor. According to Khelifa Abderahmane, the important thing is that the excavation was able to identify a typology of the tenth and eleventh century habitat for this region, with pieces that are longer than they are wide.19 The Arab tribe of

2840:

Sétif is at the forefront of energy coverage in the country, according to a recent statement by an official from the Sonelgaz Group. With 99% of its population having access to electricity and 97% to natural gas, Sétif has a surplus of energy, exceeding demand by 50%. Despite this, the wilaya is

2634:

The traditional Amazigh (Berber) New Year celebration that take place in North Africa, particularly in Algeria, on January 12. The celebrations are associated with the agrarian calendar and involve a variety of rituals and customs. Some of the most notable traditions include the preparation of a

2312:

According to data from 2008, Setif had a population of 288,461, which ranked it as the eighth largest city in the country. The population is estimated at 410,000 by 2015. The city serves as the capital of the second most populated wilaya of Algeria and has experienced significant growth over the

2227:

These numbers indicate that the carbon carbon footprint of Setif city and province are quite higher compared to the national average, which could contribute to increased environmental degradation in the region. The authorities and local communities are taking action to reduce these emissions and

2210:

design agency being instrumental in enabling the use of the material in various architectural works such as grain silos, banks, and townhouses. The colonial state was involved in social housing programs starting from the early 20th century, creating suburban housing districts, garden cities, and

1366:

France announced 103 dead Europeans and 110 wounded (84 killed, including 13 women on the first day of the riot in Setif and its surroundings); between 600 and 1,500 Algerians were killed or wounded. 400 killed and 250 wounded by the army, 200 killed by the air force, and about ten killed by the

1331:

in Europe, Sétif was the starting point for a series of nationalist riots that were bloodily suppressed by the French colonial authorities. The demonstrations and the explosion of violence that accompanied them originated in a nationalist insurrection project whose aim was to create a "liberated

2643:

The city conceals an archaeological heritage which pushed the services of UNESCO to advise the installation of an archaeological park with tourist and cultural aims. However, it is still not inscribed on the World Heritage List to this day. One of the emblematic monuments of the city is the old

2625:

An event aimed at young people which is held for several days in different neighborhoods of the city. It aims to make urban art a means of raising awareness about citizenship, promoting the culture of peace, and preventing social evils. The festival is initiated by the League of Scientific and

2320:

The population of the municipality is growing at a sustained pace, particularly in the main hub of Sétif and the urban centers that surround it from all sides within the municipality. It is a population of different social scales and from various backgrounds, it is dispersed over the municipal

2316:

The population of Setif is relatively young, with a median age of 25.9 years. Women make up 49.6% of the population while men account for 50.4%. Despite the fact that the city has experienced rapid growth in recent years, it has managed to maintain its unique cultural identity and continues to

629:

It was an integral part of the Roman province of Caesarian Mauritania which became Setifian Mauritania. When Jugurtha was delivered, Sitifis became part of the kingdom of Mauretania, successively attributed to Bocchus then Boccuris, Juba II and finally to Ptolemy of Mauretania, assassinated at

2454:

with the aim of securing the Byzantine camp from surprise attacks. After the Islamic conquest of the city of Setif, the citadel was used for various purposes, including grain storage and as stables for animals. During the French colonial period, the citadel regained its original function as a

1268:

We find that there are several Ottoman monuments in the city of Sétif, including some landmarks in the region and the Al-Atiq mosque located in the heart of the city and the Abu Zer Al-Ghafari mosque located in the city. Both of these mosques date back to the Ottoman era and, especially their

2660:

The school system in Setif is no different from the rest of Algeria, the city has many educational institutions, including primary, middle, and secondary schools, educational institutions through correspondence, and institutions of private education, and there are two large universities, the

1643:

Formations of the Rbai Era, which are divided into three types: Modern formations: Representing Tmai, granite, and limestone, which are located near the main wadies, where erosion is still active, and these deposits form a group of areas near these wadies, especially along the Boslam valley.

1367:

navy, but there were also 2,000 to 3,000 Muslim deaths as a result of the reaction of civilians who, from the start of the riots, organized themselves into self-defense militias. Officially, the Algerian government counted 45,000 victims, a figure put forward in the summer of 1945 by the

2436:, the stories differed on the true history of the construction of this monument. No one is sure they know the history of Ain El Fouara, nor the story of the woman depicted in the statue, it was carefully sculpted by François de Saint Vidal, and it was previously on display in the French 545:(1885-1969), during his paleontological research of continental deposits in the Setif region. On November 29, 2018, a discovery of tools dating back 2.4 million years was published, making this site, at the time of its discovery, the cradle of Humanity before that of Tanzania. Professor 2378:

Cattle breeding is highly developed in the most favorable suburban areas where irrigated forage crops or grasslands along the streams that run through the city from north to south are observed. They represent about 15% of the total large livestock population in the area.

1261:, the city of Sétif saw great interest from the Ottomans and experienced noticeable development. An Islamic neighborhood was found in the Sétif recreation park. The city also witnessed several major battles between the Beys of Tunis and Constantine during the rule of the 1639:

The city of is located in a region that is characterized by a great diversity in its geological formations, whether in terms of age, nature, or affiliation to the geological units. This is what the geological map of the city shows, where there are three main groups:

513:

announced the dating of the site by four corroborating methods: negative geomagnetic polarity reported to the Matuyama chron, ESR dating, biochronology (fossil species assemblages) and sedimentation rate. Aïn Boucherit could be the third oldest African site after

2589:

The third stopover approaches the Islamic period with a collection of Fatimid pottery. Hammadid art is represented by ceramic fragments with epigraphic decoration; geometric and floral: the carved plaster columns and capitals are painted in green and red colors.

2223:

In 2018, the carbon dioxide emissions per capita in Setif city were 1.84 tonnes per year, while in Setif province, the emissions per capita were 1.93 tonnes per year. In comparison, the carbon dioxide emissions per capita in Algeria were 1.77 tonnes per year.

1294:

city in 1846. The following year, on February 11, 1847, a European city was created by royal decree with an endowment of 2,509 hectares of land. From 1850, the city became a center of colonial settlement attracted by the agricultural potential of the region.

1105:. We know little of the early Islamic town, but by the tenth century the area outside of the fortress was once more filled with houses: on the site of the Roman baths over twelve of these were excavated, with large courtyards surrounded by long, thin, rooms. 2778:

center, and the eastern neighborhoods of the city. The second line is yet to be completed and will link the industrial zones 1, 2, and 3, the bizar neighborhood, Bab Biskra, and the city center. The Sétif Tramway was built and equipped by a joint venture of

2386:

Poultry breeding. Chicken egg farming accounts for nearly 62% of the structures of this activity, followed by chicken meat farming. e) Beekeeping is very rare in the agricultural landscape of Sétif. It is mostly only a diversification activity for farmers.

2684:

The city also has two other football teams: the Union Sportive Madinet Sétif (USMS) founded in 1933 (finalist in the Algerian Cup in 2005) and the Stade Africain Sétifien (SAS) founded in 1947.A new Olympic swimming pool in El Bez was inaugurated in 2014.

2181: 1297:

The colonization developed notably under the Second Empire, and accentuated the urban structuring of the current city center. The construction of the station of Sétif, on the Algiers-Constantine line, would have been decided by the town council in 1877.

845:, which aerial photographs show survived substantially intact until the 20th century; today only a small part of the curved end continues visible; the remainder has been destroyed or built over. In the 5th century it suffered from a violent earthquake. 2458: 530:(2.55 Ma). The prehistoric site of Ain El Ahnech is located a few kilometers east of the city, and the age of the lithic remains is estimated by archaeomagnetism to be about 2.4 million years old. It is an ancient lake, located in the commune of 2593:

The fourth stopover presents the numismatics room where are exhibited coins minted with the effigy of the Numidian and Roman emperors as well as Muslim coins in gold and silver. The fifth stop presents the Museum's large collection of mosaics.

2382:

Goat breeding alone is more common in the rural areas, in wooded and mountainous areas. In these peripheral farms, the goat is associated with sheep; however, the size of the populations is very small and does not exceed 10 heads per breeder.

3835: 1174:

tribe surrendered the city to Abu Abdallah, who then demolished part of the fortifications to prevent them from being used against him and his Kutama allies. Then, possibly encouraged by Abu Abdallah's military success, the Isma'ili imam

2808:

Setif airport is an international civilian-military airport located 10 kilometers away from the city center and serving the province and the neighboring cities and provinces. The airport has an annual passenger capacity of 200,000.

2737:

Taxi services in Setif are extensive and come in three different forms: urban transport within the city, transportation between different departments within the city, and transportation to and from Setif and other areas of Algeria.

2565:

This museum is a living memory of Setif and its surroundings. The museum is organized as an itinerary with five stopovers presenting varied collections: mosaics, objects of various materials such as ceramics, glass, bronze, stone.

2473:

The Setif amusement park is a space for leisure and tourism in the heart of the city. Inside of it, we can find the Zoological Park that is home to around thirty species: Tigers, Lions, Hyenas, Camels, Macaques, Fennecs, etc.

2608:

spiritual phenomenon, transcending all ideologies. The curator of the festival considers it an opportunity for young talent to flourish and for the diversity of the local Algerian character to be embraced on a global scale.

2420: 388:, with an estimated population of 410,000 residents in 2015 in an area of more than 127 km (49 sq mi). It is one of the most important cities of eastern Algeria and the country as a whole, since it is considered the 2543:

The art of jewelry making is one of the oldest traditional manual trades in Sétif, it is primarily based on gold and silver plates to produce items such as Esskhab, El-Mhezma, El-Mekkies, El-Djerrar, El-Khelkhal, etc....

2729:

Algeria. Urban transport buses, both large and small, are widely used in the city due to its large population, dense network and cheap price, ticket prices for both private and government buses are set at 20 dinars.

757:

in 585 AD created the province of Mauretania Prima and erased the old Mauretania Sitifensis. Indeed, the emperor Maurice in that year created the office of "Exarch", which combined the supreme civil authority of a

1409:

Battle of the city market in 1962. The city of Sétif offered many martyrs including: Bouchareb Roumila / Harchi Masaouda / Zarrougui Kheira / Sebti Naima / Narwal Zouina / ... / Mohammed Kerouani / Sheikh El Aifa

1622:

The hydrography of Sétif is characterized by its wadis, or dry riverbeds, which have an irregular flow due to climatic data and precipitation patterns. The main waterways are the Boussalem and El Kébir wadis.

806:

extending the territory of the Mauretania Sitifensis. Among the provincial changes done by emperor Maurice, Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Sitifensis were re-merged as a province of Mauretania Prima.

2827:

The airport has been renovated and modernized in general with the replacement of baggage carousels as well as the installation of duty free and 8 new stores as well as 4 airline offices and a bank branch.

2396:

12,000 SMEs, which places the city of Setif in second place nationally, after the Algiers. There is an increasingly significant presence of Chinese, Spanish, Korean, German, Italian and French companies.

2699:

The Criterium international de Setif: cyclists race on a closed circuit of 40 laps totaling 128 kilometers. The departure is in front of the headquarters of the wilaya of Sétif, avenue du 1er Novembre.

1417:

Eventually, the war ended with Algeria gaining independence from France in 1962. The events in Sétif during the Algerian War remain a sensitive and controversial issue in the country's modern history.

1663:

Many factors are involved in determining the climate of Sétif, which are: the estimated altitude of 1,100 m, the distance of 50 km from the Mediterranean Sea, its location on the eastern

2569: 1655:

This geographical diversity reflects the historical, cultural and economic richness of the city of Setif and its surrounding areas, making it a unique destination for geological tourism.

1007:, which was probably reached in 430. Bonifatius defeated, Genseric established the seat of his kingdom in Carthage in 439, forcing the emperor to recognize him as master of Roman Africa. 3214:

Lorsque les Français s'installèrent sur le site de l'ancienne Sétifis, l'antique cité avait disparu, il n'en subsistait que des ruines, comme en témoigne cette gravure, datant de 1839

3891: 3749: 3836:"L'investissement dans la wilaya de Sétif : Des entités économiques à valeur ajoutéeL'investissement dans la wilaya de Sétif : Des entités économiques à valeur ajoutée" 2455:

defensive structure, with a military barracks and hospital being built inside it. The citadel is built from massive blocks of cut stone, 2.5 meters thick, in a rectangular shape.

3650: 4098: 2626:

Technical Activities of Young People and is being held in coordination with the Office of Youth Establishments and under the aegis of the Directorate of Youth and Sports.

2535:

selection of local and national dishes, including Chakhchoukha, Zviti, Hmis, Mfaouer, Kesra... Khaimas are highly sought after, attracting both tourists and locals alike.

1414:

The events in Sétif during the war reflect the broader struggle for independence and self-determination that was taking place in Setif as well as across the country.

1375:, Guy Pervillé and Roger Vétillard, reviewing recent research by a dozen French historians, estimated the number of Algerian victims at between 3,000 and 8,000 dead. 3916: 1498: 2403:

is extracted from nearby deposits and there are hydroelectric development to the north. It has become the commercial center of a region where textiles are made,

2375:

Sheep breeding is very common in the Sétif region. The sheep population accounts for about 85% of the total livestock population with approximately 90,000 ewes.

2343:

zones have been created to support the growth of SMEs, and the public authorities have committed to creating 9 micro-zones to meet the growing demand for land.

3534: 3809: 4409: 3980: 1450:

region of southern Little Kabylia. the city is located 1,096 m (3,596 ft) above sea level, making it the second highest capital of a province in

1351:, was in fact "a real armed insurrection that left 23 dead and 80 wounded Europeans and estimates of Algerian casualties vary widely from 2,000 to 40,000. 2313:

years. In 1900, the estimated population of Setif was 21,289 and by 1950, the population had grown to 37,235, which represents a 1.3% annual increase.

810:

Mauretania Sitifensis initially had an area of 17800 square miles and had a good agriculture (cereals, etc..), that was exported through the port of

4091: 2725:

Road transportation in Setif is abundant and well-connected, with a vast network of highways and a variety of buses ranging from small to large.

4870: 780:), and one in Africa, based at Carthage and including all imperial possessions in the Western Mediterranean. The first African exarch was the 3779: 3683: 3583: 2364:

Agriculture is mainly in grain and livestock from the surrounding region. Locally produced wheat is processed by local factories to produce

786: 3051:, first woman in the Arab world to become a general. This Algerian, doctor of medicine is in Algeria, the pioneer of hematology research. 3508: 4885: 4084: 3883: 3741: 1491: 1434:, and it has a population of 288,461 inhabitants as of the 2008 census. It is located in northeastern Algeria, 270 kilometers east of 3643: 154: 4076: 3484: 3448: 2703:

The International Tour of Setif: cyclists race in the wilaya of Sétif in three stages for a route totaling 346 kilometers in total.

65: 1081:, a small population, because of the vandal predations. In 539, Sitifis again became the capital of a Byzantine "Roman" province: 85: 3315: 1672: 731: 4402: 793: 478:

The prehistory of Setif begins with the first traces of human occupation, about 2.4 million years ago, and ends with the first

118: 3706:"Répartition de la population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs, selon la commune de résidence et la dispersion" 708: 3530: 236: 1315: 1484: 1163: 3924: 814:. But under Byzantine control the province was reduced to only the coastal section, with one third of the original area. 2855: 2817: 1667:

and the fact that it is, of course, surrounded by mountains, the combination of these factors means that Sétif enjoys a

1310: 438: 4387: 3857: 2669: 3712: 3616: 1336:. But these plans had to be abandoned after Messali's failed escape attempt from his house arrest and his transfer to 684:

to the river Ampsaga, was split into a new province, and called Mauretania Sitifensis named after the inland town of

2443: 848:

The region of Sétif was one of the granaries of ancient Rome: Caput Saltus Horreorum (today Aïn-Zada) was its seat.

4880: 4464: 4395: 2451: 1368: 1086: 941: 876:

and an episcopal school. Several Christian inscriptions have been found there, one of 452 mentioning the relics of

3958: 2800: 2440:

before being transferred to Sétif in 1898, this statue was classified as a national heritage on November 3, 1999.

4875: 3802: 3476: 3153: 3026: 1679:

where extreme heat waves are frequent around July and August, when temperatures can sometimes exceed 40 °C.

1245: 296: 1135: 929: 4504: 1390:

carried out by both sides. During the outbreak of the revolution, the city was marked by the following events:

1354: 1176: 781: 348: 1143: 825:) paved with a large mosaic showing the birth of Venus. On the northwest edge of the town two great Christian 3228:"Le statut de l'espace agricole périurbain à Sétif (Algérie) : réserve foncière ou projet urbain ?" 1340:. The Sétif riot, often presented as the consequence of popular anger caused by the death of the flag-bearer 3262:"1.9-million- and 2.4-million-year-old artifacts and stone tool–cutmarked bones from Ain Boucherit, Algeria" 3227: 1151: 747: 677: 643: 917: 4509: 3148: 2433: 2428: 2207: 1454:. The city of Sétif is located in the central part of the wilaya, bordered to the north by the commune of 1131: 4070: 4006: 3048: 2432:

middle of Independence Square. This fountain represents a huge sculpture created by the French sculptor

1082: 700: 655: 639: 427: 400: 330: 4459: 4449: 4179: 2812:

This airport is also a military airport, hosting the 9th training helicopter regiment (9th RHE) of the

1467: 4374: 546: 392:

capital of the country and an industrial pole with 3 industrial zones within the borders of the city.

4599: 4469: 4199: 4139: 4114: 4016: 3996: 3273: 3172: 2891: 2500: 1443: 968: 960: 923: 777: 216: 204: 4059: 4709: 4484: 4026: 2577: 2202: 1285: 911: 838: 502: 490: 46: 3771: 3675: 2746: 2496: 2488: 1101:

expedition to Africa took place. By 700 AD, the area had been conquered and converted to the

4519: 3557: 3307: 2904: 2813: 1567: 1439: 1341: 935: 759: 711:. The new province had a huge economic development in the 4th century, until the conquest by the 509:

remains (carved stone tools), dated between 1.9 and 2.4 million years ago. On November 29, 2018,

4479: 4274: 3440:

The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids (Translated from the German by Michael Bonner)

2466: 1226: 4065: 2168:

The municipality of Sétif was created at the beginning of independence, on July the 5th, 1962.

646:. The new province was then under the diocese of Africa, itself under the prefecture of Italy. 4684: 4524: 4514: 4489: 4474: 4425: 4314: 4304: 3575: 3480: 3444: 3299: 3239: 3143: 3057:, producer, screenwriter, lyricist, and French composer, was born there on September 23, 1947; 2870: 2795: 1668: 1431: 1230: 1180: 842: 821:

was built, decorated with fine mosaics: its restoration in the fifth century had a cold room (

754: 743: 704: 542: 539: 510: 506: 498: 483: 381: 221: 209: 3402:

Francois Decret, Early Christianity in North Africa (James Clarke & Co, 2011) p. 84.

4849: 4809: 4564: 4499: 4494: 4254: 3676:"Sétif (Province Capital, Sétif, Algeria) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location" 3565: 3558:"Modern Architecture in Setif (Algeria, 1930–1962). Expression of a Plurality of Approaches" 3500: 3349:

Francois Decret, Early Christianity in North Africa (James Clarke & Co, 2011) p. 2.

3289: 3281: 3054: 2764: 2447: 1471: 1274: 1171: 1000: 972: 877: 764: 735: 660: 610: 479: 462: 4829: 4744: 3473:

The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged

3096: 3090: 3066: 1258: 1244:

the Aghlabid period) and 974 (during the Fatimid caliphate). A coin of the Fatimid caliph

992: 720: 634: 613:. No remains of this period have been found. The city was small under the Numidian kings. 373: 4614: 3072: 2783: 1301:

In 1926, the city saw the launch of a social housing program for the Algerians of Sétif.

1154:

had been murdered. Intending to seize the throne, Muhammad left Sétif for the capital of

3981:"La wilaya de Sétif a le plus grand taux de couverture en énergie à l'échelle nationale" 3803:"Aménagement et valorisation des boisements urbains et périurbains de la ville de Sétif" 3277: 1627:

conservation of these resources is necessary for sustainable development in the region.

1018: 872:, who had frequent relations with Sitifis, tells us that in his day the Bishopric had a 638:

Caesarian Mauritania, capital Caesarea (Cherchell). In 290, Setif became the capital of

4844: 4814: 4789: 4779: 4739: 4654: 4584: 4574: 4454: 4294: 4154: 4129: 3135: 3078: 3000: 2573:

The Conquest of India by Dionysus at the archaeological museum of Sétif, ca. 200–300 CE

1664: 1447: 1372: 1262: 1051: 769: 633:

For its strategic situation, Sitifis interested Nerva who installed there from 96 AD a

523: 404: 71: 3261: 621: 562: 4864: 4839: 4774: 4754: 4579: 4549: 4264: 3384:

Francois Decret, Early Christianity in North Africa (James Clarke & Co, 2011) p13

3108: 3060: 2956: 2821: 2016: 1102: 723:(which was the main local religion after Constantine), while Setifis was a center of 395:

It is an inner city, situated in the eastern side of Algeria, 270 kilometers east of

3311: 2450:

fortress built in the first half of the 6th century, around 540 AD. It was built by

2399:

Other industries include woodworking, manufacture of carpets and metal handicrafts.

2228:

promote sustainable practices that can help mitigate the impacts of climate change.

2193: 1346: 4794: 4724: 4639: 4624: 4619: 4036: 3114: 3102: 3042: 2943: 2922: 2769: 2688: 1384: 1333: 1328: 1063: 1043: 669: 598: 531: 494: 458: 442: 431: 4554: 4189: 4164: 4134: 1545: 1240:

Muslim city would have taken place first to the north of the Byzantine fortress."

1089:

built the Byzantine fortress walls, whose west and south walls are still visible.

3438: 4834: 4799: 4784: 4699: 4664: 4659: 4649: 4604: 4594: 4589: 4569: 4559: 4329: 4259: 4224: 3084: 2678: 2531:

For local pastries, we can mention makrout, gazelle horns, griouech, mbardja...

2180: 2161: 1459: 1337: 1139: 1039: 465:

word "Zdif" which means "black lands" referring to the fertility of its lands.

4714: 4694: 4644: 4359: 4354: 4334: 4324: 4269: 3248:

Setif, a mid-sized city located on the Algerian highlands, was founded in 1847

3226:

Boudjenouia, Abdelmalek; Fleury, André; Tacherift, Abdelmalek (1 March 2006).

3125: 1525: 1520: 1455: 1211: 1150:

Berbers, but he aborted it before any battles were fought because his brother

1059: 988: 803: 673: 418:

The city was part of the Phoenician Empire then it became part of the ancient

3579: 3243: 3198: 829:

were built at the end of the fourth century, decorated, again, with splendid

169: 156: 4679: 4634: 4244: 4209: 3849: 3705: 3285: 2909: 2750:

Railway passing by the city center, along with the tramway and the bus lines

2503:, and also on keyboard accompaniment, this music is now very present in all 2404: 1400:

Elimination of Dr. Kanaba, a member of the organization "the hand," in 1958,

1120: 1047: 955: 873: 869: 865: 834: 724: 587: 575: 321: 4184: 4159: 3612: 3570: 3303: 2652: 1476: 408: 4534: 4054: 2519: 4824: 4764: 4704: 4689: 4669: 4299: 4279: 4249: 4219: 2917: 2369: 2365: 1675:

BSk), its summers are hot and dry, while its winters are cold and rainy.

1207: 1191: 1127: 1109: 1071: 1055: 1031: 980: 826: 716: 594: 527: 461:

rule. The name of Sétif comes from Latin "Sitifis", that is drawn from a

358: 3294: 837:

was founded at this time. There was a Jewish community in the area. The

4769: 4759: 4734: 4729: 4719: 4609: 4364: 4344: 4289: 4214: 4144: 4118: 3950: 2504: 1594: 1589: 1463: 1451: 1435: 1233: 1199: 1195: 1166:, alongside all of Ziyadat Allah's brothers and uncles, in August 903. 1159: 1078: 1035: 1027: 1004: 976: 902:

Novatus present at the Council of Carthage (484), and exiled by Huneric

818: 773: 739: 712: 693: 685: 583: 571: 515: 501:

remains of the Oldoway type, but without associated human fossils. The

454: 423: 419: 396: 385: 311: 197: 2644:

mosque (El Masdjid el Atik) as well as the fountain of Ain El Fouara.

1269:

minarets, still testify to the brilliance of Islamic art to this day.

1119:

Banu Usluja originating from Iraq settled in Setif at the time of the

17: 4749: 4674: 4349: 4339: 4319: 4234: 4229: 4204: 4169: 4149: 3021: 3013: 2995: 2987: 2982: 2948: 2930: 2865: 2779: 2437: 1203: 1147: 1098: 881: 853: 830: 811: 799: 734:, certain areas of Mauretania Sitifensis were under Vandal and later 681: 602: 579: 326: 3373:

Fouilles de Sétif: les basiliques chrétiennes du quartier nord-ouest

2492: 2586:

and especially mosaics including that of Venus or that of Bacchus.

1010:

Under the Vandals it was the chief town of a district called Zaba.

4804: 4629: 4239: 4194: 4174: 3069:, journalist and director of the daily El Watan from 1990 to 2019; 2974: 2969: 2961: 2896: 2883: 2878: 2568: 2518: 2179: 1219: 1215: 1187: 1155: 1067: 1017: 996: 984: 954: 689: 519: 412: 389: 3951:"Projet d'extension et de reconfiguration de l'aérogare de Sétif" 2696:

Setif is the location of two international cycling competitions:

746:. Only the coastal area around Saldae and Setifis remained fully 664:

Map of the Roman Empire ca. 400 AD, showing Mauretania Sitifensis

4284: 4001:

Chronique d'un massacre : 8 mai 1945, Sétif-Guelma-Kherrata

3008: 2935: 2400: 1324: 606: 535: 4391: 4080: 1480: 1358:

Map of the course of the protests of May the 9th, 1945 in Setif

908:

Alexis Lemaître, M. Afr. (24 Feb 1911 Appointed – 28 July 1920

798:

in 578 AD, and quickly defeated the Romano-Moorish kingdom of

772:. Two exarchates were established, one in [taly, with seat at 738:

control, but most of the province (until 578 AD) was ruled by

3850:"Cost of Living & Prices in Setif: rent, food, transport" 4373: 2487:

The third most popular music genre in Algeria is definitely

1138:. Muhammad intended to lead a military campaign against the 3075:, French gymnast, Olympic medalist, was born there in 1952; 2446:

is a largely preserved carved stone wall that surrounded a

1403:

Clash at the train station in the Tlidjan district in 1960,

703:, Mauretania Sitifensis was assigned to the administrative 2677:

Setif has a football club, the Entente Sportive de Sétif (

3501:"IBN-ALATHYR : EXTRAITS DE L'Histoire des croisades" 2717:

approximately 22.4 km, is expected to be completed.

4031:

Un drame algérien. La vérité sur les émeutes de mai 1945

3338:

La Necropole orientale de Sitifis: fouilles de 1966–1967

715:. In this province, the Christian denomination known as 497:, includes several sites that have yielded very ancient 1319:

Map of the Setif, Guelma and Kherrata massacres in 1945

1046:, a pretext for intervention. After his departure from 3556:

Setif, Samaï Bouadjadja; Mazouz, Saïd (1 March 2015).

1134:, Sétif briefly served as the headquarters of his son 987:

to Africa in 429 at the request of the Roman governor

899:

Servus, mentioned in a letter of St. Augustine in 409

3917:"Sétif : L'aérogare fait peau neuve | El Watan" 1394:

Commando operation against policeman Benton in 1956,

1249:

Bani Hil'izz was the first to be found in the area.

914:, M. Afr. (8 Jul 1921 Appointed – 16 September 1949) 4542: 4442: 3471:Stearns, Peter N.; Leonard Langer, William (2001). 3199:"Compagnie genevoise des colonies suisses de Sétif" 3087:, writer and mathematician, was born there in 1940; 2511:Yamina... are today the pillars of "staifi" music. 1371:(PPA). In 2015, French historians François Cochet, 357: 347: 337: 320: 310: 302: 292: 284: 276: 271: 263: 255: 250: 242: 232: 227: 215: 203: 185: 34: 1652:in limited areas in the eastern part of the city. 2816:, as well as an infantry training center and the 1236:, which resulted in the victory of the Almohads. 1097:In 647 AD (the year 27 of the Hijrah), the first 441:, which was a crucial factor to the start of the 3644:"تأثير النمو السكاني في تغير مورفولوجية المدينة" 1289:Coat of arms of Sétif during French colonization 1108:Setif according to the geographer and historian 963:map (4th century) showing Sitifi Colonia (Sétif) 2832:has a parking lot with a capacity of 266 cars. 2562:Numidian, Roman, Byzantine and Muslim periods. 2499:. Based on the zendali rhythm, originally from 1229:took place between the Hilalian Arabs and the 625:Roman ruins in El Amir garden, the city center 58:The capital of High Plains عاصمة الهضاب العليا 4403: 4092: 3173:"The Beautiful Cities of Algeria - Setif (3)" 3111:, footballer, born there on January 18, 1977; 1492: 1123:with non-Arabs (Persian abna) from Khorasan. 642:(present-day eastern Algeria), detached from 582:. It was also considered as a capital before 8: 1332:zone" with a provisional government led by 995:. The route of the Vandals in Africa, from 415:. The city is at 1,100 meters of altitude. 4410: 4396: 4388: 4099: 4085: 4077: 4011:Sétif 1945. Histoire d'un massacre annoncé 2317:attract people from all over the country. 1682: 1499: 1485: 1477: 905:Optatus, at the Council of Carthage (525). 31: 3569: 3293: 1397:Elimination of Brigadier Ferrand in 1957, 938:(22 Dec 2000 Appointed – 3 February 2006) 920:(9 Mar 1950 Appointed – 23 November 1983) 768:, and enjoyed considerable autonomy from 630:Lugdunum at the instigation of Caligula. 3443:. Leiden: E.J. Brill. pp. 107–108. 3105:, writer, born there on August 10, 1946; 2799: 2768: 2745: 2687: 2668: 2651: 2576: 2457: 2419: 2235: 2192: 2160: 1353: 1314: 1284: 991:, who was in revolt against the Emperor 659: 620: 561: 4033:, éd. Grandes éditions françaises, 1948 3432: 3430: 3164: 2612:The Sétif International Short Film Days 1406:Release of death row prisoners in 1961, 1146:, who had gained a following among the 1038:, giving the Roman emperor of the East 437:The city was the starting point of the 336: 319: 309: 270: 262: 249: 226: 184: 149: 77: 62: 52: 2782:and Turkey-based construction company 2673:Aerial view of the 8 Mai 1945 stadium. 2462:Park Mall seen from the amusement park 2172:Chikh El Aifa, Tlidjan (Beau marché). 1074:(533) and then Gelimer himself (534). 932:(27 Feb 1997 Appointed – 4 April 2000) 926:(23 Dec 1986 Appointed – 1 April 1996) 605:. Overcome by Marius, he was taken to 259:127.30 km (49.15 sq mi) 4021:Sétif. Mai 1945. Massacres en Algérie 3944: 3942: 3911: 3909: 3877: 3875: 3860:from the original on 11 February 2023 3815:from the original on 13 February 2023 3782:from the original on 12 February 2023 3735: 3733: 3686:from the original on 13 February 2023 3638: 3636: 3634: 3619:from the original on 13 February 2023 3607: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3586:from the original on 11 February 2023 3537:from the original on 21 December 2014 3318:from the original on 22 November 2021 2804:Exterior view of the airport terminal 2603:The international Sufi Samaa festival 1470:, and to the south by the commune of 1218:tribes encouraged by the Fatimids of 356: 346: 301: 291: 283: 275: 254: 241: 231: 214: 202: 7: 3656:from the original on 11 January 2024 1673:Köppen-Geiger climate classification 1514: 609:where was executed in the prison of 3393:Augustine, Ep., lxxxiv; Serm., xix. 1183:) left Egypt to go to the Maghreb. 1162:and then executed by the new emir, 1126:In 903, following the death of the 574:origin, was part of the kingdom of 377: 3511:from the original on 14 April 2010 2201:Setif saw a significant growth in 384:and the 5th most populous city of 25: 3894:from the original on 1 April 2024 3752:from the original on 1 April 2024 2858:with 13 cities from 5 continents: 1462:, to the west by the communes of 884:of Sitifis, Justus and Decurius. 4533: 4419: 4108: 4071:Femme Sétifienne المرأة السطيفية 4053: 3718:from the original on 26 May 2023 3531:"Sétif average weather by month" 3128: 3020: 3007: 2994: 2981: 2968: 2955: 2942: 2929: 2916: 2903: 2890: 2877: 2864: 1576: 1559: 1551: 1534: 1458:, to the east by the commune of 1034:, was overthrown by the usurper 762:and the military authority of a 732:fall of the Western Roman Empire 439:8 May 1945 protests and massacre 190: 124: 117: 91: 84: 64: 3961:from the original on 8 May 2024 2818:4th commando parachute regiment 2692:The international tour of Setif 2557:National Public Museum of Setif 1327:, the day of the formal end of 1062:took advantage of uprisings in 817:In the newly prosperous town a 29:City in Sétif Province, Algeria 2621:The National Graffiti Festival 2444:The Byzantine citadel of Sétif 709:Praetorian prefecture of Italy 105:Location in Algeria and Africa 1: 3424:BAA supp. 5, Algiers, 114–151 3093:, politician, mayor of Sétif; 2407:are mined and cereals grown. 2330:key to its continued growth. 1577: 1535: 1022:Byzantine fortress west wall. 852:in relation with the site of 668:In the later division of the 566:Map of the Kingdom of Numidia 534:. The site was discovered in 380:) is the capital city of the 125: 92: 1560: 1552: 1379:The Algerian War (1954–1962) 1206:(972–1148). The invasion of 1070:, which enabled him to take 597:campaigned and lost against 267:1,100 m (3,600 ft) 3884:"Commune de Sétif à la Une" 3742:"Commune de Sétif à la Une" 3422:Fouilles de Sétif 1977–1984 3362:BAA supp. 5, Algiers, 29–92 3360:Fouilles de Sétif 1977–1984 2630:The celebration of Yennayer 1875:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1805:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1179:(who would later found the 864:The city was the base of a 306:2,300/km (5,900/sq mi) 285: • Estimate 237:People's Municipal Assembly 56:Setif The High سطيف العالي 4902: 4871:Communes of Sétif Province 3260:Sahnouni, Mohamed (2018). 3177:algeroisementvotre.free.fr 3045:, politician, lived there; 2964:, United States of America 2850:Twin towns – sister cities 2793: 2762: 2598:Festivals and celebrations 2135: 1685: 1382: 1308: 967:Preluding the fall of the 944:(24 May 2006 Appointed – ) 942:Broderick Soncuaco Pabillo 930:Manuel Felipe Díaz Sánchez 653: 4886:Province seats of Algeria 4531: 4432: 4371: 4125: 3801:Missaoui, Khaled (2014). 3776:worldpopulationreview.com 3477:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 3154:List of cities in Algeria 2656:Setif 1 university compus 2416:Monuments and attractions 2189:Urbanism and architecture 2088: 2014: 1944: 1874: 1804: 1734: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1512: 1311:Sétif and Guelma massacre 1225:It was in Sétif that the 1158:, but he was arrested in 1042:, anxious to restore the 983:(427- 477), crossed from 549:confirms this discovery. 150: 78: 70:Location of Setif in the 63: 53: 44: 4073:Femme Sétifienne Staifia 4003:, éd. Syros, Paris, 1995 1507:Places adjacent to Sétif 1430:Sétif is the capital of 1305:Massacre in Sétif (1945) 1177:Abdallah al-Mahdi Billah 1077:The Byzantines found in 1026:In 531, the king of the 3888:Site officiel du MICLAT 3834:Zoghbi (5 March 2021). 3772:"Setif Population 2023" 3746:Site officiel du MICLAT 3286:10.1126/science.aau0008 2845:International relations 2515:Cuisine and restaurants 1686:Climate data for Sétif 1369:Algerian People's Party 1222:to seize North Africa. 678:Mauretania Caesariensis 644:Mauretania Caesariensis 593:It was near Sétif that 505:site delivered in 2018 246:Mohamed Cherif Bourmani 4379: 3571:10.52200/52.A.HOAIOJKC 3411:Augustine letter 84.2. 3149:Ain El Fouara Fountain 3027:Villefranche-sur-Saône 2899:, United Arab Emirates 2805: 2774: 2751: 2693: 2674: 2657: 2582: 2574: 2524: 2463: 2434:Francis de Saint-Vidal 2429:Ain El Fouara fountain 2425: 2198: 2185: 2165: 1359: 1320: 1290: 1132:Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya 1023: 964: 892: 789:: he was appointed as 676:, the eastern part of 665: 626: 567: 430:under the rule of the 399:, 131 km west of 4377: 3680:www.citypopulation.de 3117:, writer, lived there 3081:, writer and academic 3049:Fatima Zohra Ardjoune 2803: 2772: 2749: 2691: 2672: 2655: 2580: 2572: 2522: 2461: 2423: 2197:The municipal theater 2196: 2183: 2164: 1442:and 132 km from 1357: 1318: 1288: 1198:and parts of eastern 1144:Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i 1083:Mauritania Sitifensis 1021: 958: 918:André-Maurice Parenty 888: 880:, another naming two 701:Constantine the Great 663: 656:Mauretania Sitifensis 650:Mauretania Sitifensis 640:Mauretania Sitifensis 624: 565: 428:Mauretania Sitifensis 4062:at Wikimedia Commons 4041:Sétif de ma jeunesse 4023:, éd. de Paris, 2008 3882:Utilisateur, Super. 3740:Utilisateur, Super. 3479:. pp. 129–131. 3437:Halm, Heinz (1996). 3232:Cahiers Agricultures 3144:Sitifis Roman circus 2339:high qualification. 1735:Record high °C (°F) 979:, led by their king 969:Western Roman Empire 961:Tabula Peutingeriana 924:Armando Xavier Ochoa 778:Exarchate of Ravenna 776:(hence known as the 303: • Density 170:36.19000°N 5.41000°E 4043:, éd. Gandini, 2001 3278:2018Sci...362.1297S 3272:(6420): 1297–1301. 2523:Setif's Chorba Frik 2424:Ain Fouara fountain 2208:François Hennebique 2203:modern architecture 2089:Average snowy days 1945:Record low °C (°F) 635:colony for veterans 540:paleoanthropologist 511:the journal Science 484:first millennium BC 166: / 108:Show map of Algeria 4380: 4180:Bordj Bou Arréridj 4013:, éd. Perrin, 2006 4007:Jean Louis Planche 3420:E. Fentress, ed., 3358:E. Fentress, ed., 3238:(2): 221–226 (1). 2814:Algerian Air Force 2806: 2775: 2773:Setif tramway line 2752: 2694: 2675: 2658: 2583: 2575: 2525: 2464: 2426: 2206:in the city, with 2199: 2186: 2166: 1631:Geology and relief 1440:Bordj Bou Arreridj 1438:, 65 km from 1360: 1321: 1291: 1024: 965: 936:John Choi Young-su 760:praetorian prefect 753:Byzantine emperor 742:kingdoms like the 672:under the Emperor 666: 627: 568: 457:before undergoing 277: • Total 256: • Total 243: • Mayor 141:Show map of Africa 54:Nickname(s): 4881:Cities in Algeria 4858: 4857: 4600:Aït Naoual Mezada 4385: 4384: 4058:Media related to 2820:(4th RPC) of the 2796:Ain Arnat Airport 2310: 2309: 2144: 2143: 1669:semi-arid climate 1605: 1604: 1600: 1599: 1186:After conquering 1181:Fatimid Caliphate 1164:Ziyadat Allah III 1003:, passed through 843:circus at Sitifis 744:Kingdom of Altava 705:Diocese of Africa 543:Camille Arambourg 426:, the capital of 367: 366: 293: • Rank 233: • Body 175:36.19000; 5.41000 16:(Redirected from 4893: 4876:Coloniae (Roman) 4537: 4424: 4423: 4422: 4412: 4405: 4398: 4389: 4113: 4112: 4111: 4101: 4094: 4087: 4078: 4057: 3985: 3984: 3977: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3966: 3946: 3937: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3923:. Archived from 3913: 3904: 3903: 3901: 3899: 3879: 3870: 3869: 3867: 3865: 3856:. 27 July 2020. 3846: 3840: 3839: 3831: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3820: 3814: 3807: 3798: 3792: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3768: 3762: 3761: 3759: 3757: 3737: 3728: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3717: 3710: 3702: 3696: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3663: 3661: 3655: 3648: 3640: 3629: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3609: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3573: 3562:Docomomo Journal 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3518: 3516: 3497: 3491: 3490: 3468: 3462: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3434: 3425: 3418: 3412: 3409: 3403: 3400: 3394: 3391: 3385: 3382: 3376: 3369: 3363: 3356: 3350: 3347: 3341: 3336:R. Guéry, 1985, 3334: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3297: 3257: 3251: 3250: 3223: 3217: 3216: 3211: 3209: 3195: 3189: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3169: 3138: 3133: 3132: 3131: 3055:Jean-Luc Azoulay 3025: 3024: 3012: 3011: 2999: 2998: 2986: 2985: 2973: 2972: 2960: 2959: 2947: 2946: 2934: 2933: 2921: 2920: 2908: 2907: 2895: 2894: 2882: 2881: 2869: 2868: 2303:2015 (Estimate) 2255:1950 (Estimate) 2247:1900 (Estimate) 2236: 2092: 1683: 1580: 1579: 1563: 1562: 1555: 1554: 1538: 1537: 1515: 1501: 1494: 1487: 1478: 1350: 1085:. At that time, 912:Joanny Thévenoud 791:magister militum 765:magister militum 547:Mohamed Sahnouni 407:region south of 379: 196: 194: 193: 181: 180: 178: 177: 176: 171: 167: 164: 163: 162: 159: 142: 128: 127: 121: 109: 95: 94: 88: 68: 32: 21: 4901: 4900: 4896: 4895: 4894: 4892: 4891: 4890: 4861: 4860: 4859: 4854: 4745:Hammam Guergour 4538: 4529: 4505:Hammam Guergour 4438: 4428: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4386: 4381: 4378:Flag of Algeria 4369: 4121: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4050: 4017:Roger Vétillard 3997:Boucif Mekhaled 3993: 3991:Further reading 3988: 3979: 3978: 3974: 3964: 3962: 3948: 3947: 3940: 3930: 3928: 3921:www.elwatan.com 3915: 3914: 3907: 3897: 3895: 3881: 3880: 3873: 3863: 3861: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3818: 3816: 3812: 3805: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3785: 3783: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3755: 3753: 3739: 3738: 3731: 3721: 3719: 3715: 3708: 3704: 3703: 3699: 3689: 3687: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3659: 3657: 3653: 3646: 3642: 3641: 3632: 3622: 3620: 3611: 3610: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3555: 3554: 3550: 3540: 3538: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3514: 3512: 3499: 3498: 3494: 3487: 3470: 3469: 3465: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3436: 3435: 3428: 3419: 3415: 3410: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3392: 3388: 3383: 3379: 3371:P.-A. Fevrier, 3370: 3366: 3357: 3353: 3348: 3344: 3335: 3331: 3321: 3319: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3225: 3224: 3220: 3207: 3205: 3197: 3196: 3192: 3182: 3180: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3134: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3097:Faris Khenniche 3091:Rebiha Khebtani 3067:Omar Belhouchet 3039: 3034: 3019: 3006: 2993: 2990:, France (1982) 2980: 2967: 2954: 2941: 2928: 2915: 2902: 2889: 2876: 2863: 2852: 2847: 2838: 2798: 2792: 2767: 2761: 2744: 2735: 2723: 2714: 2709: 2667: 2650: 2641: 2632: 2623: 2614: 2605: 2600: 2559: 2550: 2541: 2517: 2485: 2480: 2467:Park Mall Setif 2452:General Solomon 2418: 2413: 2393: 2362: 2353: 2336: 2327: 2234: 2217: 2191: 2178: 2159: 2150: 2145: 2090: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2068: 2063: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2033: 2028: 2023: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1661: 1633: 1620: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1564: 1508: 1505: 1428: 1423: 1387: 1381: 1344: 1313: 1307: 1283: 1255: 1227:battle of Sétif 1095: 1016: 993:Valentinian III 973:Germanic people 953: 862: 719:challenged the 699:At the time of 658: 652: 619: 560: 555: 553:Ancient history 507:lithic industry 476: 471: 451: 343: 191: 189: 174: 172: 168: 165: 160: 157: 155: 153: 152: 146: 145: 144: 143: 140: 139: 136: 135: 134: 133: 129: 112: 111: 110: 107: 106: 103: 102: 101: 100: 96: 74: 59: 57: 49: 40: 37: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4899: 4897: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4863: 4862: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4815:Serdj El Ghoul 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4790:Ouled Si Ahmed 4787: 4782: 4780:Ouled Addouane 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4655:Beni Ourtilane 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4546: 4544: 4540: 4539: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4465:Béni Ourtilane 4462: 4457: 4452: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4439: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4426:Sétif Province 4417: 4415: 4414: 4407: 4400: 4392: 4383: 4382: 4372: 4370: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4315:Sidi Bel Abbès 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4295:Oum El Bouaghi 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4140:Aïn Témouchent 4137: 4132: 4126: 4123: 4122: 4106: 4104: 4103: 4096: 4089: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4068: 4063: 4049: 4048:External links 4046: 4045: 4044: 4034: 4024: 4014: 4004: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3986: 3972: 3938: 3927:on 12 May 2021 3905: 3871: 3854:Livingcost.org 3841: 3826: 3793: 3763: 3729: 3697: 3667: 3630: 3597: 3548: 3533:. Meoweather. 3522: 3492: 3485: 3475:(6 ed.). 3463: 3449: 3426: 3413: 3404: 3395: 3386: 3377: 3364: 3351: 3342: 3329: 3252: 3218: 3190: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3157: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3136:Algeria portal 3123: 3120: 3119: 3118: 3112: 3106: 3100: 3094: 3088: 3082: 3079:Mabrook Dreidi 3076: 3070: 3064: 3058: 3052: 3046: 3038: 3037:Notable people 3035: 3033: 3032: 3030: 3017: 3004: 3001:Rio de Janeiro 2991: 2978: 2965: 2952: 2951:, Saudi Arabia 2939: 2926: 2913: 2900: 2887: 2874: 2860: 2851: 2848: 2846: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2794:Main article: 2791: 2788: 2763:Main article: 2760: 2757: 2743: 2740: 2734: 2731: 2722: 2719: 2713: 2712:Transportation 2710: 2708: 2707:Infrastructure 2705: 2666: 2663: 2649: 2646: 2640: 2637: 2631: 2628: 2622: 2619: 2613: 2610: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2558: 2555: 2549: 2546: 2540: 2537: 2516: 2513: 2507:celebrations. 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2470:room The Dome 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2392: 2389: 2361: 2358: 2352: 2351:Cost of living 2349: 2335: 2332: 2326: 2323: 2308: 2307: 2304: 2300: 2299: 2296: 2295:2008 (Census) 2292: 2291: 2288: 2287:1998 (Census) 2284: 2283: 2280: 2279:1987 (Census) 2276: 2275: 2272: 2271:1977 (Census) 2268: 2267: 2264: 2263:1966 (Census) 2260: 2259: 2256: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2244: 2243: 2240: 2233: 2230: 2216: 2213: 2190: 2187: 2184:Downtown Sétif 2177: 2174: 2158: 2157:Administration 2155: 2149: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2086: 2085: 2080: 2075: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2020: 2012: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1802: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1687: 1681: 1665:Hautes Plaines 1660: 1657: 1632: 1629: 1619: 1616: 1610: 1607: 1603: 1602: 1598: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1581: 1574: 1571: 1570: 1565: 1550: 1548: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1503: 1496: 1489: 1481: 1448:Hautes Plaines 1432:Sétif Province 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1412: 1411: 1407: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1383:Main article: 1380: 1377: 1373:Maurice Faivre 1309:Main article: 1306: 1303: 1282: 1279: 1263:Ottoman Empire 1254: 1253:Ottoman Empire 1251: 1094: 1091: 1052:Constantinople 1015: 1012: 959:Detail of the 952: 949: 948: 947: 946: 945: 939: 933: 927: 921: 915: 909: 906: 903: 900: 894: 893: 878:Saint Lawrence 861: 858: 770:Constantinople 654:Main article: 651: 648: 618: 615: 559: 556: 554: 551: 538:by the French 522:(3.3 Ma), and 482:texts, in the 475: 472: 470: 467: 450: 447: 405:Hautes Plaines 382:Sétif Province 365: 364: 361: 355: 354: 351: 345: 344: 341: 339: 335: 334: 324: 318: 317: 314: 308: 307: 304: 300: 299: 294: 290: 289: 286: 282: 281: 278: 274: 273: 269: 268: 265: 261: 260: 257: 253: 252: 248: 247: 244: 240: 239: 234: 230: 229: 225: 224: 222:Sétif District 219: 213: 212: 210:Sétif Province 207: 201: 200: 187: 183: 182: 148: 147: 138:Setif (Africa) 137: 131: 130: 123: 122: 116: 115: 114: 113: 104: 98: 97: 90: 89: 83: 82: 81: 80: 79: 76: 75: 72:Setif Province 69: 61: 60: 55: 51: 50: 45: 42: 41: 38: 35: 28: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4898: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4851: 4850:Tizi N'Bechar 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4775:Oued El Barad 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4755:Ksar El Abtal 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4565:Aïn El Kebira 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4541: 4536: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4510:Hammam Souhna 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4431: 4427: 4413: 4408: 4406: 4401: 4399: 4394: 4393: 4390: 4376: 4366: 4363: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4127: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4102: 4097: 4095: 4090: 4088: 4083: 4082: 4079: 4072: 4069: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4056: 4052: 4051: 4047: 4042: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4028: 4027:Eugène Vallet 4025: 4022: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3990: 3982: 3976: 3973: 3960: 3957:(in French). 3956: 3952: 3949:N, Boutebna. 3945: 3943: 3939: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3912: 3910: 3906: 3893: 3889: 3885: 3878: 3876: 3872: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3845: 3842: 3837: 3830: 3827: 3811: 3804: 3797: 3794: 3781: 3777: 3773: 3767: 3764: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3736: 3734: 3730: 3714: 3707: 3701: 3698: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3671: 3668: 3652: 3645: 3639: 3637: 3635: 3631: 3618: 3615:. 2019–2023. 3614: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3598: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3564:(52): 86–89. 3563: 3559: 3552: 3549: 3536: 3532: 3526: 3523: 3510: 3506: 3502: 3496: 3493: 3488: 3486:0-395-65237-5 3482: 3478: 3474: 3467: 3464: 3452: 3450:90-04-10056-3 3446: 3442: 3441: 3433: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3408: 3405: 3399: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3368: 3365: 3361: 3355: 3352: 3346: 3343: 3339: 3333: 3330: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3296: 3291: 3287: 3283: 3279: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3256: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3234:(in French). 3233: 3229: 3222: 3219: 3215: 3204: 3200: 3194: 3191: 3178: 3174: 3168: 3165: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3109:Toufik Mouyet 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3062: 3061:Rabah Belamri 3059: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3002: 2997: 2992: 2989: 2984: 2979: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2872: 2867: 2862: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2849: 2844: 2842: 2835: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2823: 2822:Algerian army 2819: 2815: 2810: 2802: 2797: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2771: 2766: 2765:Sétif tramway 2758: 2756: 2748: 2741: 2739: 2732: 2730: 2726: 2720: 2718: 2711: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2680: 2671: 2664: 2662: 2654: 2647: 2645: 2638: 2636: 2629: 2627: 2620: 2618: 2611: 2609: 2602: 2597: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2579: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2556: 2554: 2547: 2545: 2538: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2521: 2514: 2512: 2508: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2482: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2468: 2460: 2456: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2439: 2438:Louvre Museum 2435: 2430: 2422: 2415: 2410: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2397: 2390: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2372:and noodles. 2371: 2367: 2359: 2357: 2350: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2333: 2331: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2265: 2262: 2261: 2257: 2254: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2238: 2237: 2231: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2214: 2212: 2209: 2204: 2195: 2188: 2182: 2175: 2173: 2169: 2163: 2156: 2154: 2147: 2139: 2134: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2091:(≥ 1 cm) 2087: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2018: 2017:precipitation 2013: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1943: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1873: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1803: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1733: 1689: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1628: 1624: 1617: 1615: 1608: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1575: 1573: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1558: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1533: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1516: 1511: 1502: 1497: 1495: 1490: 1488: 1483: 1482: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1425: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1391: 1386: 1378: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1364: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1330: 1326: 1317: 1312: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1295: 1287: 1280: 1278: 1276: 1270: 1266: 1264: 1260: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1241: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1228: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1202:to the local 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1167: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1124: 1122: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1106: 1104: 1103:Islamic faith 1100: 1092: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1020: 1014:Byzantine Era 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1002: 999:(Tangier) to 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 962: 957: 950: 943: 940: 937: 934: 931: 928: 925: 922: 919: 916: 913: 910: 907: 904: 901: 898: 897: 896: 895: 891: 890:Known Bishops 887: 886: 885: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 859: 857: 855: 849: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 819:bath building 815: 813: 808: 805: 801: 797: 796: 792: 788: 785: 784: 779: 775: 771: 767: 766: 761: 756: 751: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 728: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 697: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 662: 657: 649: 647: 645: 641: 636: 631: 623: 616: 614: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 591: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 570:The city, of 564: 557: 552: 550: 548: 544: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 512: 508: 504: 503:Aïn Boucherit 500: 496: 492: 491:Aïn El Ahnech 487: 485: 481: 473: 468: 466: 464: 460: 456: 448: 446: 444: 440: 435: 433: 429: 425: 421: 416: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 393: 391: 387: 383: 375: 371: 362: 360: 359:ISO 3166 code 352: 350: 340: 332: 328: 325: 323: 315: 313: 305: 298: 295: 287: 279: 266: 258: 245: 238: 235: 223: 220: 218: 211: 208: 206: 199: 188: 179: 151:Coordinates: 120: 87: 73: 67: 48: 43: 33: 27: 19: 4819: 4795:Ouled Tebben 4725:Guelta Zerka 4640:Beni Chebana 4625:Beidha Bordj 4620:Bazer Sakhra 4435: 4309: 4040: 4037:Denise Morel 4030: 4020: 4010: 4000: 3975: 3963:. Retrieved 3954: 3929:. Retrieved 3925:the original 3920: 3896:. Retrieved 3887: 3862:. Retrieved 3853: 3844: 3829: 3817:. Retrieved 3796: 3784:. Retrieved 3775: 3766: 3754:. Retrieved 3745: 3720:. Retrieved 3700: 3688:. Retrieved 3679: 3670: 3658:. Retrieved 3621:. Retrieved 3588:. Retrieved 3561: 3551: 3539:. Retrieved 3525: 3513:. Retrieved 3504: 3495: 3472: 3466: 3454:. Retrieved 3439: 3421: 3416: 3407: 3398: 3389: 3380: 3375:Paris, 1965. 3372: 3367: 3359: 3354: 3345: 3337: 3332: 3320:. Retrieved 3295:10072/383164 3269: 3265: 3255: 3247: 3235: 3231: 3221: 3213: 3206:. Retrieved 3202: 3193: 3181:. Retrieved 3176: 3167: 3115:Kateb Yacine 3103:Denise Morel 3099:, footballer 3073:Henri Boério 3043:Ferhat Abbas 2923:Kuala Lumpur 2853: 2839: 2830: 2826: 2811: 2807: 2784:Yapı Merkezi 2776: 2753: 2736: 2727: 2724: 2715: 2702: 2698: 2695: 2683: 2676: 2659: 2642: 2633: 2624: 2615: 2606: 2592: 2588: 2584: 2581:Setif Museum 2564: 2560: 2551: 2542: 2533: 2530: 2526: 2509: 2486: 2472: 2465: 2442: 2427: 2398: 2394: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2374: 2363: 2354: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2328: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2232:Demographics 2226: 2222: 2218: 2200: 2170: 2167: 2151: 2137: 2019:mm (inches) 1677: 1662: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1625: 1621: 1612: 1556: 1429: 1416: 1413: 1388: 1385:Algerian War 1365: 1361: 1334:Messali Hadj 1329:World War II 1322: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1271: 1267: 1256: 1242: 1238: 1224: 1214:, a warlike 1185: 1168: 1125: 1117: 1114: 1107: 1096: 1076: 1064:Tripolitania 1044:Roman Empire 1025: 1009: 971:in 476, the 966: 889: 863: 850: 847: 822: 816: 809: 794: 790: 782: 763: 752: 729: 721:Roman Church 707:, under the 698: 670:Roman Empire 667: 632: 628: 592: 578:in the year 569: 532:Guelta Zerka 495:Guelta Zerka 489:The site of 488: 480:Carthaginian 477: 452: 443:Algerian War 436: 432:Roman Empire 417: 394: 369: 368: 26: 4835:Talaifacene 4800:Oum Ladjoul 4785:Ouled Sabor 4700:Draa Kebila 4665:Bir Haddada 4660:Bir El Arch 4650:Beni Hocine 4585:Aïn Oulmene 4575:Aïn Lahdjar 4470:Bir El Arch 4330:Tamanrasset 4200:Constantine 3898:11 February 3864:11 February 3819:13 February 3786:12 February 3756:13 February 3722:13 February 3690:13 February 3660:13 February 3623:13 February 3590:11 February 3505:remacle.org 3456:3 September 3179:(in French) 3085:Denis Guedj 2912:, Palestine 2501:Constantine 2360:Agriculture 2242:Population 2215:Environment 1618:Hydrography 1568:Ouled Saber 1460:Ouled Saber 1444:Constantine 1345: [ 1342:Bouzid Saâl 1338:Brazzaville 1259:Ottoman era 1257:During the 1093:Islamic Era 1058:), General 856:(Djemila). 823:frigidarium 422:kingdom of 401:Constantine 338:Postal code 173: / 4865:Categories 4715:El Ouricia 4645:Beni Fouda 4580:Aïn Legraj 4550:Aïn Abessa 4360:Tizi Ouzou 4355:Tissemsilt 4325:Souk Ahras 4270:Mostaganem 4115:Provincial 3955:Setif Info 3515:9 February 3322:9 February 3160:References 2925:, Malaysia 2405:phosphates 2334:Employment 2148:Vegetation 2138:Meoweather 1609:Topography 1526:Beni Fouda 1521:El Ouricia 1281:French era 1277:fortress. 1212:Banu Hilal 1194:abandoned 1060:Belisarius 989:Bonifatius 951:Vandal Era 804:Mauretania 730:After the 692:in modern 674:Diocletian 586:preferred 576:Massaesyli 474:Prehistory 453:Sétif was 353:(+213) 036 272:Population 228:Government 158:36°11′24″N 4810:Salah Bey 4710:El Ouldja 4680:Bousselam 4635:Beni Aziz 4555:Aïn Arnat 4520:Salah Bey 4460:Béni Aziz 4450:Aïn Arnat 4443:Districts 4434:Capital: 4245:Khenchela 4210:El Bayadh 4190:Boumerdès 4135:Aïn Defla 4117:seats of 3965:27 August 3931:27 August 3580:2773-1634 3244:1777-5949 3203:setif.com 3063:, writer; 2871:Al Ahmadi 2854:Setif is 2648:Education 2448:Byzantine 2176:Cityscape 1546:Aïn Arnat 1468:Ain Arnet 1421:Geography 1323:On 8 May 1275:Byzantine 1246:Al Mu'izz 1121:Aghlabids 1048:Byzantium 1040:Justinian 874:monastery 870:Augustine 866:Bishopric 860:Bishopric 835:Bishopric 827:basilicas 787:Gennadius 783:Patricius 748:Romanized 736:Byzantine 725:Mithraism 617:Roman Era 611:Tullianum 588:Cherchell 524:Kada Gona 516:Lomekwi 3 449:Etymology 403:, in the 349:Area code 322:Time zone 264:Elevation 161:5°24′36″E 4830:Tamazirt 4825:Tachouda 4765:Maoklane 4705:El Eulma 4690:Dehamcha 4685:Boutaleb 4670:Bouandas 4605:Aït Tizi 4595:Aïn Sebt 4590:Aïn Roua 4570:Aïn Azel 4560:Aïn Azel 4543:Communes 4515:Maoklane 4490:El Eulma 4475:Bouandas 4300:Relizane 4250:Laghouat 4225:Ghardaïa 4220:El Taref 4066:Herodote 3959:Archived 3892:Archived 3858:Archived 3810:Archived 3780:Archived 3750:Archived 3713:Archived 3711:. 2008. 3684:Archived 3651:Archived 3617:Archived 3584:Archived 3535:Archived 3509:Archived 3340:. Paris. 3316:Archived 3312:54166305 3304:30498166 3122:See also 3029:, France 3003:, Brazil 2938:, France 2873:, Kuwait 2639:Heritage 2391:Industry 2370:couscous 2366:semolina 2306:410,000 2298:288,461 2290:232,992 2282:179,384 2274:130,156 2136:Source: 2084:(15.43) 2015:Average 1800:(107.1) 1780:(102.2) 1775:(104.4) 1770:(104.7) 1765:(107.1) 1760:(101.1) 1426:Location 1208:Ifriqiya 1192:Fatimids 1152:Abdallah 1140:Isma'ili 1136:Muhammad 1128:Aghlabid 1110:Al-Bakri 1072:Carthage 1066:and the 1056:Istanbul 1032:Hilderic 1001:Carthage 981:Genseric 841:built a 833:, and a 717:Donatism 595:Jugurtha 572:Numidian 528:Ethiopia 316:Setifian 217:District 205:Province 4770:Mezloug 4760:Maaouia 4735:Guidjel 4730:Guenzet 4720:Guellal 4695:Djémila 4610:Amoucha 4500:Guidjel 4495:Guenzet 4485:Djémila 4365:Tlemcen 4345:Tindouf 4335:Tébessa 4290:Ouargla 4255:Mascara 4215:El Oued 4145:Algiers 4119:Algeria 3613:"Setif" 3541:6 March 3274:Bibcode 3266:Science 3208:24 July 3183:24 July 2977:, Japan 2886:, Egypt 2856:twinned 2759:Tramway 2548:Museums 2539:Jewelry 2505:Maghreb 2478:Culture 2411:Tourism 2325:Economy 2266:89,302 2258:37,235 2250:21,289 2140: 2079:(1.77) 2074:(1.43) 2069:(1.20) 2064:(1.69) 2059:(0.53) 2054:(0.70) 2049:(0.93) 2044:(1.70) 2039:(1.67) 2034:(1.36) 2029:(1.01) 2024:(1.44) 2010:(13.1) 2005:(16.3) 2000:(22.1) 1995:(33.1) 1990:(40.1) 1985:(46.4) 1980:(46.4) 1975:(34.0) 1970:(29.7) 1965:(23.9) 1960:(22.1) 1955:(17.1) 1950:(13.1) 1940:(48.5) 1935:(36.1) 1930:(41.5) 1925:(51.4) 1920:(58.6) 1915:(66.0) 1910:(65.7) 1905:(59.5) 1900:(51.3) 1895:(42.4) 1890:(39.4) 1885:(35.4) 1880:(34.3) 1870:(69.2) 1865:(51.3) 1860:(58.5) 1855:(71.1) 1850:(81.0) 1845:(91.2) 1840:(92.1) 1835:(84.9) 1830:(74.3) 1825:(63.3) 1820:(59.0) 1815:(53.1) 1810:(50.0) 1795:(71.2) 1790:(79.5) 1785:(91.4) 1755:(84.4) 1750:(82.4) 1745:(70.9) 1740:(70.7) 1659:Climate 1595:Guidjel 1590:Mezloug 1472:Guedjel 1464:Mezloug 1456:Ouricia 1452:Algeria 1446:in the 1436:Algiers 1234:Berbers 1231:Almohad 1210:by the 1200:Algeria 1196:Tunisia 1160:Baghaya 1142:leader 1087:Solomon 1079:Sitifis 1036:Gelimer 1028:Vandals 1005:Setifis 977:Vandals 975:of the 882:martyrs 831:mosaics 795:Africae 774:Ravenna 755:Maurice 713:Vandals 694:Algeria 686:Setifis 680:, from 584:Juba II 558:Numidia 469:History 455:numidan 424:Numidia 397:Algiers 386:Algeria 312:Demonym 288:410,000 280:288,461 198:Algeria 186:Country 4750:Harbil 4675:Bougaa 4480:Bougaâ 4350:Tipasa 4340:Tiaret 4320:Skikda 4275:M'Sila 4235:Illizi 4230:Guelma 4205:Djelfa 4185:Bouïra 4170:Biskra 4165:Béjaïa 4160:Béchar 4150:Annaba 3578: 3483: 3447: 3310: 3302: 3242: 3016:, Iran 3014:Shiraz 2988:Rennes 2949:Medina 2836:Energy 2780:Alstom 2665:Sports 2497:Kabyle 2491:after 2489:Staifi 1691:Month 1204:Zirids 1190:, the 1172:Lahisa 1148:Kutama 1099:Muslim 854:Cuicul 839:Romans 812:Saldae 800:Garmul 740:Berber 682:Saldae 603:105 BC 599:Marius 580:225 BC 499:lithic 463:Berber 420:Berber 409:Béjaia 374:Arabic 195: 18:Sitifi 4845:Tella 4820:Sétif 4805:Rasfa 4740:Hamma 4630:Belaa 4615:Babor 4525:Sétif 4455:Babor 4436:Sétif 4310:Sétif 4305:Saida 4280:Naâma 4260:Médéa 4240:Jijel 4195:Chlef 4175:Blida 4155:Batna 4130:Adrar 4060:Sétif 3813:(PDF) 3806:(PDF) 3716:(PDF) 3709:(PDF) 3654:(PDF) 3647:(PDF) 3308:S2CID 2975:Osaka 2962:Miami 2897:Dubai 2884:Cairo 2733:Taxis 2721:Buses 2483:Music 2239:Year 2082:391.8 2008:−10.5 1948:−10.5 1730:Year 1557:Setif 1349:] 1220:Egypt 1188:Cairo 1156:Tunis 1130:emir 1068:Moors 997:Tingi 985:Spain 690:Setif 520:Kenya 493:, in 459:Roman 413:Jijel 390:trade 370:Sétif 342:19000 327:UTC+1 132:Setif 99:Setif 36:Setif 4840:Taya 4285:Oran 4265:Mila 3967:2021 3933:2021 3900:2023 3866:2023 3821:2023 3788:2023 3758:2023 3724:2023 3692:2023 3662:2023 3625:2023 3592:2023 3576:ISSN 3543:2013 3517:2023 3481:ISBN 3458:2020 3445:ISBN 3324:2023 3300:PMID 3240:ISSN 3210:2024 3185:2024 2936:Lyon 2910:Gaza 2742:Rail 2495:and 2401:Zinc 2077:45.0 2072:36.4 2067:30.5 2062:42.8 2057:13.4 2052:17.7 2047:23.5 2042:43.2 2037:42.4 2032:34.6 2027:25.6 2022:36.7 2003:−8.7 1998:−5.5 1968:−1.3 1963:−4.5 1958:−5.5 1953:−8.3 1923:10.8 1918:14.8 1913:18.9 1908:18.7 1903:15.3 1898:10.7 1868:20.6 1863:10.7 1858:14.7 1853:21.7 1848:27.2 1843:32.9 1838:33.4 1833:29.4 1828:23.5 1823:17.4 1818:15.0 1813:11.7 1808:10.0 1798:41.7 1793:21.8 1788:26.4 1783:33.0 1778:39.0 1773:40.2 1768:40.4 1763:41.7 1758:38.4 1753:29.1 1748:28.0 1743:21.6 1738:21.5 1727:Dec 1724:Nov 1721:Oct 1718:Sep 1715:Aug 1712:Jul 1709:Jun 1706:May 1703:Apr 1700:Mar 1697:Feb 1694:Jan 1466:and 1325:1945 1216:Arab 1170:the 607:Rome 536:1947 411:and 378:سطيف 363:1901 251:Area 47:City 39:سطيف 3566:doi 3290:hdl 3282:doi 3270:362 2790:Air 2679:ESS 2493:Rai 2131:11 1993:0.6 1988:4.5 1983:8.0 1978:8.0 1973:1.1 1938:9.2 1933:2.3 1928:5.3 1893:5.8 1888:4.1 1883:1.9 1878:1.3 1410:... 802:in 696:). 601:in 526:in 518:in 331:CET 297:8th 4867:: 4039:, 4029:, 4019:, 4009:, 3999:, 3953:. 3941:^ 3919:. 3908:^ 3890:. 3886:. 3874:^ 3852:. 3808:. 3778:. 3774:. 3748:. 3744:. 3732:^ 3682:. 3678:. 3649:. 3633:^ 3600:^ 3582:. 3574:. 3560:. 3507:. 3503:. 3429:^ 3314:. 3306:. 3298:. 3288:. 3280:. 3268:. 3264:. 3246:. 3236:15 3230:. 3212:. 3201:. 3175:. 2824:. 2786:. 2368:, 2128:2 2125:0 2122:0 2119:0 2116:0 2113:0 2110:0 2107:0 2104:1 2101:2 2098:3 2095:3 1474:. 1347:fr 1265:. 1112:: 1054:/ 1030:, 868:. 750:. 727:. 590:. 486:. 445:. 376:: 4411:e 4404:t 4397:v 4100:e 4093:t 4086:v 3983:. 3969:. 3935:. 3902:. 3868:. 3838:. 3823:. 3790:. 3760:. 3726:. 3694:. 3664:. 3627:. 3594:. 3568:: 3545:. 3519:. 3489:. 3460:. 3326:. 3292:: 3284:: 3276:: 3187:. 1671:( 1500:e 1493:t 1486:v 1050:( 688:( 372:( 333:) 329:( 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index