Knowledge (XXG)

Skiing

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events where the competitors must complete one run of each event, for example; the Super Combined event consists of one run of super-G and one run of slalom skiing. The dual slalom event, where racers ski head-to-head, was invented in 1941 and has been a competitive event since 1960. Alpine skiing is
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Telemark skiing is a ski turning technique and FIS-sanctioned discipline, which is named after the Telemark region of Norway. It uses equipment similar to Nordic skiing, where the ski bindings are attached only at the toes of the ski boots, allowing the skier's heel to be raised throughout the turn.
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Asymmetrical skis were used in northern Finland and Sweden until at least the late 19th century. On one foot, the skier wore a long straight non-arching ski for sliding, and a shorter ski was worn on the other foot for kicking. The underside of the short ski was either plain or covered with animal
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meant that it was no longer necessary to climb back uphill. Alpine equipment has specialized to the point where it can now only be used with the help of lifts. Alpine Touring setups use specialized bindings which are switchable between locked and free-heel modes.
97: 534:– Named after the Telemark region of Norway, this discipline combines elements of Alpine and Nordic skiing. A relatively new competitive sport, Telemark racing is contested at the FIS Telemark World Cup and the FIS Telemark World Championships. 94: 470:– Dating from 1898, with official records beginning in 1932 with an 89-mile-per-hour (143 km/h) run by Leo Gasperi, this became an FIS discipline in the 1960s. It is contested at the FIS Speed Ski World Cup, and was demonstrated at the 540:– Originally developed as an alpine skiing training method, skiing on grass has become established as a skiing discipline in its own right. It is contested at the FIS Grass Skiing World Cup and the FIS Grass Ski World Championships. 249:
are temporarily attached to the bottom of alpine skis to give them traction on snow. This permits Nordic style uphill and back-country travel on alpine skis. For downhill travel, the heels are locked and the skins are removed.
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Skiing was primarily used for transport until the mid-19th century but, since then, it has also become a recreation and sport. Military ski races were held in Norway during the 18th century, and
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skin to aid this use, while the long ski supporting the weight of the skier was treated with animal fat in a similar manner to modern
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Skiing has a history of almost five millennia. Although modern skiing has evolved from beginnings in
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areas. Ski jumping is practiced in certain areas that are reserved exclusively for ski jumping.
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were developed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, two main genres of skiing emerged—
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Early skiers used one long pole or spear. The first description of a skier with two
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and was added to the Olympic programme in 1992. It became an Olympic sport in the
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Also called "downhill skiing", Alpine skiing typically takes place on a
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1. Non-sidecut: cross-country, telemark and mountaineering 2. Parabolic
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However, the skis themselves are often the same width as Alpine skis.
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Video demonstration of a variety of ski techniques used in the 1940s.
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Beschreibung von dem unter schwedischer Krone gehörigen Lappland
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was studied in the late 18th century. As equipment evolved and
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for basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive
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Troops in continental Europe were equipped with skis by 1747.
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word "skĂ­Ă°" which means to "split piece of wood or firewood".
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Why a Curveball Curves: The Incredible Science of Sports
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are other alternatives which are not performed on snow.
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Four groups of different ski types, from left to right:
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The following skiing disciplines are sanctioned by the
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races over courses of varying lengths. Races occur on
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Technique has evolved along with ski technology and
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The main freestyle competitions are the 76:International Ski and Snowboard Federation 1433:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms 1168:"Freestyle Skiing - Winter Olympic Sport" 844: 800:Glossary of skiing and snowboarding terms 578:applied for minimizing sliding friction. 1084:International Skiing History Association 970:International Skiing History Association 966:"Origin Story: Where did skiing begin?" 811: 708: 330:– Encompasses a variety of formats for 1059:Research report, Høgskolen i Finnmark. 462:World Para Alpine Skiing Championships 2593:International Orienteering Federation 510:FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 364:International Orienteering Federation 7: 2208:Radio Orienteering in a Compact Area 1078:E. John B. Allen (30 January 2014). 673:Originally and primarily an outdoor 220:. Facilities at resorts can include 2897: 1178:from the original on 9 January 2020 912:from the original on 9 October 2019 563:Equipment used in skiing includes: 898:Marquand, Edward (15 March 2006). 454:FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 405:FIS Ski Flying World Championships 344:FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 25: 1090:from the original on 25 July 2014 1057:Norske ski - til glede og besvær. 2896: 2887: 2886: 2069: 2068: 2059: 2058: 1243: 1200: 945:from the original on 28 May 2020 825:Proceedings. Biological Sciences 777: 765: 753: 738: 723: 711: 634:. Early techniques included the 2198:Amateur radio direction finding 1172:International Olympic Committee 976:from the original on 2 May 2020 931:Krichko, Kade (19 April 2017). 784:A skier with a disability on a 657:New parabolic designs like the 379:Paralympic cross-country skiing 280:The Nordic disciplines include 72:International Olympic Committee 819:Formenti; et al. (2005). 693:. With appropriate equipment, 506:FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup 116:The word "ski" comes from the 1: 964:Larsen, Nils (12 June 2017). 905:The Christian Science Monitor 661:have enabled the more modern 415:FIS Nordic Combined World Cup 232:under the supervision of the 200:, bring skiers up the slope. 2772:North American Championships 1111:"The first dual slalom duel" 998:. Oslo: Kagge forlag, 2014. 2132:List of orienteering events 340:FIS Cross-Country World Cup 165:are attached to the skis). 2949: 2933:Partial squatting position 2844:Mountain bike orienteering 2490:WinOL / WinOL II Oriantica 2166:Mountain bike orienteering 401:FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix 362:events, sanctioned by the 356:Worldloppet Ski Federation 354:events, sanctioned by the 299: 273: 177: 85: 29: 2882: 2122: 2054: 1423: 1359: 1255: 397:FIS Ski Jumping World Cup 385:are both included in the 2795:Kainuu Orienteering Week 1109:Lizza, Chris I. (1997). 996:Norsk etymologisk ordbok 518:2014 Sochi Olympic games 450:FIS Alpine Ski World Cup 151:Alpine (downhill) skiing 2800:Jan Kjellström Festival 2685:Scoutcraft orienteering 2448:OpenOrienteering Mapper 2127:History of orienteering 1115:Skiing Heritage Journal 1045:(subscription required) 788:, using two outriggers. 745:A ski jumper using the 718:Giant Slalom Ski Racer 528:events were introduced. 443:events. There are also 387:Winter Paralympic Games 32:Skiing (disambiguation) 2755:European Championships 2485:Suunnistussimulaattori 1020:. Leipzig: von Rother. 837:10.1098/rspb.2005.3121 560: 271: 161:(the way in which the 102: 52: 2928:Winter Olympic sports 2586:Organisations / lists 2074:Category:Snowboarding 1371:Summer Olympic sports 1249:Winter Olympic sports 1016:Hergstrom, P (1748). 552: 261: 100: 50: 2388:Satellite navigation 2241:Mounted orienteering 1794:Technique / learning 1524:Cross-country skiing 1458:Cross-country skiing 1209:at Wikimedia Commons 1174:. 26 November 2019. 1055:Saur, Lasse (1999): 733:switch 720 mute grab 514:1988 Winter Olympics 472:1992 Winter Olympics 460:is contested at the 332:cross-country skiing 321:Winter Olympic Games 282:cross-country skiing 204:can be accessed by 30:For other uses, see 2870:World Championships 2852:World Championships 2820:World Championships 2717:World Championships 2668:Location-based game 2282:Transmitter hunting 1561:Olympic disciplines 1032:"Newcastle Courant" 831:(1572): 1561–1569. 395:– Contested at the 383:paralympic biathlon 2862:Trail orienteering 2610:List of orienteers 2523:cardinal direction 2226:Canoe orienteering 2176:Trail orienteering 1892:List of ski brands 1664:Ski mountaineering 1619:Para-alpine skiing 1529:Backcountry skiing 1351:Ski mountaineering 994:Caprona, Yann de: 938:The New York Times 561: 458:Para-alpine skiing 437:super giant slalom 272: 202:Backcountry skiing 103: 53: 2910: 2909: 2878: 2877: 2828: 2739: 2732: 2725: 2709:Foot orienteering 2636:Non-sport related 2480:Catching Features 2466: 2465: 2401: 2400: 2290: 2289: 2236:Mountain marathon 2161:Foot orienteering 2141:Sport disciplines 2082: 2081: 2050: 2049: 1632: 1631: 1597:Other disciplines 1547: 1546: 1428:History of skiing 1379: 1378: 1367:Paralympic sports 1205:Media related to 669:On other surfaces 570:, which may have 448:contested at the 98: 88:History of skiing 16:(Redirected from 2940: 2900: 2899: 2890: 2889: 2824: 2812:Ski orienteering 2735: 2728: 2721: 2705: 2643:Adventure travel 2511:orienteering map 2412: 2299: 2262:Adventure racing 2231:Car 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541: 535: 529: 479: 465: 418: 408: 390: 312: 309: 300:Main article: 297: 294: 274:Main article: 268:Hardangervidda 255: 252: 247:Climbing skins 178:Main article: 175: 172: 170: 167: 86:Main article: 83: 80: 58:is the use of 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2945: 2934: 2931: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2903: 2895: 2893: 2885: 2884: 2881: 2871: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2859: 2853: 2850: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2841: 2835: 2832: 2827: 2823: 2822: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2801: 2798: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2778: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2763: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2753: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2738: 2734: 2731: 2727: 2724: 2720: 2719: 2718: 2715: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2691: 2688: 2687: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2670: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2638: 2634: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2605:List of clubs 2603: 2599: 2596: 2595: 2594: 2591: 2590: 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2139: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2117: 2110: 2105: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2091: 2090: 2087: 2075: 2067: 2065: 2057: 2056: 2053: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1996: 1995: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1977: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1960:Snow grooming 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1939: 1936: 1935: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1928:Dry ski slope 1926: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1916: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1893: 1890: 1889: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1836:Ski simulator 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1826:Stem christie 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1811:Parallel turn 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1687:Aerial skiing 1685: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1650: 1649:Indoor skiing 1647: 1645: 1642: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1553:Alpine skiing 1550: 1540: 1537: 1535: 1534:Roller skiing 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1489: 1483: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1456: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1443:Nordic skiing 1440: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1425: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1407: 1402: 1400: 1395: 1393: 1388: 1387: 1384: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1352: 1349: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1324:cross-country 1322: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1315: 1312: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1257: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1238: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1219: 1218: 1215: 1208: 1203: 1199: 1198: 1194: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1163: 1160: 1155: 1153:9781588167941 1149: 1145: 1144: 1136: 1133: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1105: 1102: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1074: 1071: 1065: 1062: 1058: 1052: 1049: 1033: 1027: 1024: 1019: 1012: 1009: 1005: 1004:9788248910541 1001: 997: 991: 988: 975: 971: 967: 960: 957: 944: 940: 939: 934: 927: 924: 911: 907: 906: 901: 894: 891: 878: 874: 870: 864: 861: 856: 852: 847: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 822: 815: 812: 805: 801: 798: 797: 793: 787: 780: 775: 768: 763: 756: 751: 748: 741: 736: 732: 726: 721: 714: 709: 704: 702: 700: 699:roller skiing 696: 692: 688: 684: 680: 676: 668: 666: 664: 660: 655: 653: 652:parallel turn 649: 645: 644:stem Christie 641: 637: 633: 625: 621: 618: 616: 615:Skiing gloves 613: 611: 608: 606: 603: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 587: 584: 581: 580:Twin-tip skis 577: 573: 569: 566: 565: 564: 551: 544: 539: 536: 533: 530: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 480: 477: 473: 469: 466: 463: 459: 455: 451: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 421:Alpine skiing 419: 416: 412: 409: 406: 402: 398: 394: 391: 388: 384: 380: 376: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 328:Cross-country 326: 325: 324: 322: 318: 310: 308: 303: 295: 293: 291: 287: 283: 277: 276:Nordic skiing 269: 265: 260: 253: 251: 248: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 181: 180:Alpine skiing 173: 168: 166: 164: 160: 156: 155:Nordic skiing 152: 148: 144: 139: 136: 134: 129: 127: 121: 119: 114: 112: 108: 89: 81: 79: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 51:Alpine skiers 49: 45: 41: 37: 33: 19: 2776:Open events 2701:Competitions 2569: 2533:route choice 2499:Fundamentals 2272:Fell running 2219:Other sports 2116:Orienteering 2042:Surface lift 2020:Gondola lift 1841:Skate skiing 1737:Snowboarding 1654:Night skiing 1637:Other skiing 1624:Speed skiing 1609:Glade skiing 1573:Giant slalom 1517:Recreational 1498:Ski marathon 1417:snowboarding 1412: 1363: 1344:snowboarding 1313: 1180:. Retrieved 1171: 1162: 1142: 1135: 1118: 1114: 1104: 1092:. Retrieved 1083: 1073: 1064: 1056: 1051: 1037:29 September 1035:. Retrieved 1026: 1017: 1011: 995: 990: 978:. Retrieved 969: 959: 947:. Retrieved 936: 926: 914:. Retrieved 903: 893: 881:. Retrieved 877:the original 872: 863: 828: 824: 814: 695:grass skiing 675:winter sport 672: 656: 632:ski geometry 629: 562: 538:Grass skiing 486:mogul skiing 468:Speed skiing 433:giant slalom 352:ski marathon 314: 305: 279: 230:glade skiing 222:night skiing 196:, including 183: 140: 137: 130: 122: 115: 104: 68:winter sport 62:to glide on 55: 54: 44: 36:Water skiing 2902:WikiProject 2750:World Games 2472:Video games 2441:Open-source 2415:Proprietary 2383:Backpacking 2037:Hybrid lift 1801:Carved turn 1750:Backcountry 1659:Ski archery 1508:Ski touring 1470:Ski jumping 1451:Competitive 1339:ski jumping 1302:short-track 610:Ski goggles 557:3. Twin-tip 522:Slope-style 484:– Includes 476:Albertville 441:para-alpine 423:– Includes 393:Ski jumping 336:homologated 311:Competition 290:backcountry 286:ski jumping 264:ski touring 159:ski binding 143:ski warfare 107:Scandinavia 2917:Categories 2765:University 2737:University 2690:wilderness 2673:geocaching 2620:innovators 2615:by country 2538:wayfinding 2518:Navigation 2453:Purple Pen 2376:Exceptions 2345:protractor 2277:Relay race 1998:detachable 1965:Snowmaking 1955:Ski tunnel 1831:Ski school 1821:Snowplough 1816:Pivot turn 1775:Slopestyle 1760:Freeriding 1727:Slopestyle 1717:Ski ballet 1702:Freeskiing 1697:Freeriding 1614:Heliskiing 1475:Ski flying 1463:Paralympic 1307:long-track 1282:Ice hockey 1182:5 December 883:27 January 873:China View 806:References 663:carve turn 648:snowplough 638:turn, the 502:slopestyle 403:, and the 238:ski school 234:ski patrol 218:snowmobile 206:helicopter 198:chairlifts 190:ski resort 126:ski waxing 2834:World Cup 2745:World Cup 2678:poker run 2528:resection 2295:Equipment 2246:Rogaining 2203:Fox Oring 2005:Funicular 1993:Chairlift 1980:Ski lifts 1938:Superpipe 1933:Half-pipe 1921:amenities 1899:Snowboard 1850:Equipment 1806:Jump turn 1770:Half-pipe 1765:Freestyle 1722:Ski cross 1539:Skijoring 1491:Endurance 1364:See also: 1329:freestyle 1265:Bobsleigh 1127:1082-2895 731:Freestyle 689:and with 626:Technique 620:Ski masks 605:Ski suits 559:4. Powder 545:Equipment 526:Half pipe 520:when the 498:half-pipe 494:ski cross 242:ski lifts 226:après-ski 194:Ski lifts 163:ski boots 147:ski lifts 133:ski poles 118:Old Norse 2892:Category 2780:O-Ringen 2653:Climbing 2543:waypoint 2407:Software 2367:Headlamp 2328:Personal 2190:governed 2153:governed 2030:tricable 1950:Ski area 1857:Bindings 1644:Biathlon 1588:Combined 1583:Downhill 1270:skeleton 1260:Biathlon 1176:Archived 1088:Archived 974:Archived 943:Archived 910:Archived 855:16048771 794:See also 659:Elan SCX 636:telemark 590:bindings 532:Telemark 508:and the 445:combined 425:downhill 375:shooting 368:biathlon 342:and the 296:Telemark 270:, Norway 236:and the 2790:Tiomila 2730:Masters 2663:Hunting 2598:members 2565:walking 2560:running 2393:Whistle 2362:Gaiters 2335:Compass 2255:Related 2025:bicable 2015:Funitel 2010:Funifor 1872:Monoski 1755:Big air 1692:Big air 1578:Super-G 1292:Skating 1277:Curling 1094:17 July 916:8 March 846:1559840 786:sit-ski 747:V-style 705:Gallery 687:indoors 600:Helmets 490:aerials 262:Spring 210:snowcat 82:History 78:(FIS). 2923:Skiing 2826:Junior 2785:Jukola 2723:Junior 2658:Hiking 2570:skiing 2555:hiking 2550:Racing 2427:Condes 2314:Course 1919:Resort 1867:Helmet 1745:Alpine 1568:Slalom 1413:Skiing 1319:alpine 1314:Skiing 1207:Skiing 1150:  1125:  1002:  853:  843:  650:, and 642:, the 500:, and 452:, the 429:slalom 366:; and 254:Nordic 228:, and 214:hiking 174:Alpine 56:Skiing 38:, and 18:Skiers 2760:Youth 2350:thumb 2302:Event 1970:Trail 1945:Piste 1882:Skins 1877:Poles 1862:Boots 1712:Mogul 980:9 May 949:9 May 681:, on 595:Poles 586:Boots 572:skins 372:rifle 188:at a 186:piste 169:Types 2458:MeOS 2422:OCAD 2340:hand 2186:IARU 1904:Suit 1887:Skis 1415:and 1369:and 1287:Luge 1184:2019 1148:ISBN 1123:ISSN 1096:2014 1039:2019 1000:ISBN 982:2020 951:2020 918:2015 885:2015 851:PMID 697:and 683:sand 640:stem 588:and 568:Skis 524:and 381:and 348:1924 284:and 216:and 153:and 64:snow 60:skis 2506:Map 2319:Map 2149:IOF 1909:Wax 841:PMC 833:doi 829:272 576:wax 474:in 317:FIS 266:on 2919:: 1170:. 1119:10 1117:. 1113:. 1086:. 1082:. 972:. 968:. 941:. 935:. 908:. 902:. 871:. 849:. 839:. 827:. 823:. 685:, 665:. 654:. 646:, 496:, 492:, 488:, 435:, 431:, 427:, 377:. 323:. 224:, 212:, 208:, 128:. 34:, 2188:- 2151:- 2108:e 2101:t 2094:v 1405:e 1398:t 1391:v 1236:e 1229:t 1222:v 1186:. 1156:. 1129:. 1098:. 1041:. 1006:. 984:. 953:. 920:. 887:. 857:. 835:: 478:. 389:. 42:. 20:)

Index

Skiers
Skiing (disambiguation)
Water skiing
Skier (cricket)

skis
snow
winter sport
International Olympic Committee
International Ski and Snowboard Federation
History of skiing
Scandinavia
Altai Mountains
Old Norse
ski waxing
ski poles
ski warfare
ski lifts
Alpine (downhill) skiing
Nordic skiing
ski binding
ski boots
Alpine skiing
piste
ski resort
Ski lifts
chairlifts
Backcountry skiing
helicopter
snowcat

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