627:
619:
904:
552:.Although, nowadays they are used as objects within traditional festivals to emphasize the unity of family coming back together during the first full moon. This is represented by the lanterns all coming together in the sky upon being released and the roundness of the lanterns express the wholeness of family. Before Sky Lanterns were used in a cultural manner in their society, they were used as a means of communication in the military. However, with the passing of time, it shifted to symbolizing a family reunion. Hence, the importance of Sky Lanterns during the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Lantern Festival where they promote reconciliation, peace and forgiveness alongside the unity of family.
154:
931:. In typical designs, as long as the lantern stays upright the paper will not get hot enough to ignite, but if the balloon is tilted (say, by the wind or by hitting some object), it may catch fire while still in the air. All the paper will usually burn in a few seconds, but the flame source may remain lit until it hits the ground. After the balloon lands, the leftover thin wire frame will rust away very slowly, remaining a hazard to animals that may swallow it. Sky lanterns have also been alleged to pose a danger to aircraft. In 2009 British company Sky Orbs Chinese Lanterns developed lanterns using
173:
920:
791:
2033:
759:
283:
146:
47:
344:
782:, the last day of its celebration. Due to very popular demands and extreme congestions, the event is now spread over two days -- on the 15th day of Chinese New Year and a week before that day. In 2024, the dates were February 17 and February 24. Sky lanterns are released in organized waves, sending over 1,000 of them into the heavens on each night of the event.
352:
268:
Several fires have been attributed to sky lanterns, with at least two 21st-century cases where deaths occurred. Sky lanterns have been made illegal in several countries such as
Vietnam which has banned the production, sale, and release of sky lanterns throughout the country since 2009. Many areas of
543:
were used in ancient
Chinese warfare, such as military communication (transmitting secret messages), signaling, surveillance or spying, lighting the sky when laying siege on the city at night etc. However, later on, non-military applications were employed as they became popular with children at
586:
season, as part of celebrations sky lanterns are released into the night sky with hopes towards a new year. Although fireworks have been lit for a longer period, Chinese lanterns gained popularity in Diwali in the 21st century. One of the most famous sky lantern festivals is celebrated at
437:
inserted in the middle. Only the smaller models had a full frame made of bamboo or thin wire; the slight overpressure of the hot air was sufficient to keep the larger ones inflated, and the frame was reduced to a wire loop around the bottom opening. The "candle" was usually a packet of
1076:
bill calling for the banning of sky lanterns in the UK's House of
Commons on 27 March 2019. The bill passed its first reading. However the Bill failed to complete its passage through Parliament before the end of the session. (This means the Bill will make no further progress.)
626:
1049:, it is illegal to produce, sell, import, or distribute them. In Argentina, Chile, and Colombia it is illegal to launch lanterns, as well as in Spain and Vietnam. In Brazil launching lanterns is an environmental crime, punishable by up to three years in jail since 1998.
1034:(State police regulation on fuel powered paper balloons of 30 November 1936). The regulation prohibited the manufacturing, distribution and launch of paper balloons powered by fuel or candles. Violations were punishable by a fine of up to 150
374:
When lit, the flame heats the air inside the lantern, thus lowering its density and causing the lantern to rise into the air. The sky lantern is only airborne for as long as the flame stays alight, after which the lantern sinks back to the ground.
777:
holds an annual Sky
Lantern Festival during which sky lanterns are released into the night sky with people's wishes written on them, to send the wishes and messages to God. The Sky Lantern Festival has traditionally been held on the 15th day of
741:
Brazilian sky lanterns are usually made by small groups of children and adolescents; but adults sometimes joined the effort, especially for the larger and more elaborate balloons. The launching of a large lantern, which could be one or two
716:, another Chinese invention; so it is conjectured that these elements may have been brought from China by Portuguese explorers around 1500. The design and customs of Brazilian sky lanterns are modified to suit their festivals.
746:
across, would usually require the cooperation of several people, to hold the balloon fully stretched until it was fully inflated. Lanterns with 20 metres or more and loaded with firecrackers and large flags are not uncommon.
481:
was
Kongming. He is said to have used a message written on a sky lantern to summon help on an occasion when he was surrounded by enemy troops. For this reason, they are still known in China as Kongming lanterns
609:
festival (The festival of Light) eco-friendly sky lanterns are used for celebrations along with fireworks. It is a ritual of warding away bad energy and beginning a new (enlightened) path to righteousness.
1565:
Firefighters have been striving for five days to put out a criminal fire in the
Guarulhos region. This time it was a tire recycling company; but it could have happened to my home, or to yours, dear reader.
857:). During the Yi Peng festival, a multitude of lanterns are launched into the air where they resemble large flocks of giant fluorescent jellyfish gracefully floating by through the sky. The most elaborate
1006:
There has been growing concern by some about the potential danger to cause crop or building fires and even harm animals that may eat their remains. Some places have banned them for these reasons.
961:
of
England, involving 100,000 tonnes of recycling material and causing an estimated £6 million worth of damage, was started by a sky lantern which landed at a plastics recycling plant in
367:
across, with an opening at the bottom. The opening is usually about 10 to 30 cm wide (even for the largest shells), and is surrounded by a stiff collar that serves to suspend the
980:
In 2014 (as well as many other years) dozens of flights from Chiang Mai airport in
Thailand had to be diverted or canceled when thousands of sky lanterns were released into the air.
618:
1259:
1637:
158:
503:
Another suggested origin is that the name actually comes from the lantern's resemblance to the hat
Kongming is traditionally shown to be wearing.The Mongolian army studied
1052:
Retail sale (but not possession and use) of sky lanterns that "rely on an open flame to heat the air inside the lantern" was banned in
Australia on 1 February 2011.
1918:
522:, these became the first hot air balloons used in the West, in Europe, during the Mongol Invasion of Poland. Sky lanterns could be a possible explanation for some
1914:
881:). In recent times, floating lanterns have become so popular with all Thai people that they have become integrated into the festival in the rest of the country.
895:) of various forms. It is considered good luck to release a sky lantern, and many Thai people believe they are symbolic of problems and worries floating away.
1525:
998:
in Germany in a fire believed to have been caused by sky lanterns used in New Year's celebrations. Many of the species involved are endangered in the wild.
903:
1473:
1993:
249:
Sky lanterns have been made for centuries in cultures around the world, to be launched for play or as part of long-established festivities. The name
1045:, with fines of up to 5000 euros being possible; in some German states, local authorities may give special permission on application. In
1813:
1663:
153:
599:, Buddhist people celebrate their Probarona Purnima which signifies the end of their three-month lent by releasing lighted sky lanterns (
1426:
946:, Germany, resulting in the death of a ten-year-old boy. In July the same year, a lantern set fire to two houses in the German town of
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1202:
330:
130:
1847:
1688:
832:
2018:
1625:
Only last year the state-owned company recorded at the Guarulhos airport 104 incident. In 2008 there were already 17 incidents.
2106:
827:) year round, for celebrations and other special occasions. One very important festival in which sky lanterns are used is the
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1229:
515:
308:
223:
189:
68:
1066:
In Louisiana, the state fire marshal issued a ban on the distribution, sale, and use of sky lanterns in the state in 2013.
1014:
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233:
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111:
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2141:
2126:
1967:
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83:
64:
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1889:
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172:
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1219:
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Released sky lanterns in Vietnam before being completely banned throughout the country in 2009 due to safety concerns
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1730:
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90:
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2156:
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In addition, people will also decorate their houses, gardens and temples with intricately shaped paper lanterns (
1474:"Fabricar, vender ou soltar balões que possam provocar incêndio é crime — Especial Cidadania – Jornal do Senado"
2111:
1821:
293:
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Since 1998 launching lanterns has been an environmental crime in Brazil, punishable by up to 3 years in jail.
97:
2136:
1667:
1641:
1246:
Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 4, Physics and Physical Technology, Part 2, Mechanical Engineering
919:
719:
312:
297:
57:
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1944:
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paper. The festival has mythical origins, and was suspended during World War II. It was revived in 1974.
2075:
519:
511:
during the Mongol invasion of Poland. This is the first time ballooning was known in the western world.
79:
1612:
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828:
1922:
735:
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paper (locally called "silk paper"), in various bright colors, glued together to make a multicolored
846:
1364:
954:
854:
689:
269:
Asia do not permit sky lanterns because of widespread fire hazards as well as danger to livestock.
246:, is a small balloon made of paper, with an opening at the bottom where a small fire is suspended.
31:
1825:
1608:
1339:
1096:
176:
Yi Peng (Loi Krathong) festival in Tudongkasatan Lanna (Lanna Meditation Retreat Centre), Mae Jo
1121:(2010 animated film that uses Asian-style sky lanterns in a pseudo-European/fairy-tale setting)
1418:
1225:
1198:
508:
1552:
994:
In the early hours of 1 January 2020, more than 30 animals, primarily apes and monkeys, were
1700:
1060:
870:
779:
727:
549:
504:
473:. Their invention is, however, traditionally attributed to the sage and military strategist
434:
254:
1863:
1177:
1716:
1091:
1073:
885:
770:
766:
723:
596:
483:
466:
454:
China is considered to have developed the first simple hot-air balloons. According to the
238:
228:
1378:
1063:
later banned their use statewide, with the adoption of the 2015 International Fire Code.
544:
festivals. These lanterns were subsequently incorporated into festivals like the Chinese
104:
988:
977:, decided to stop selling sky lanterns and recalled their entire stock on 6 July 2013.
932:
912:
648:
470:
462:
1031:
Landespolizeiverordnung über Papierballons mit Brennstoffantrieb vom 30. November 1936
758:
2100:
1111:
1021:
866:
841:
823:
478:
35:
1313:
1260:"Chicago UFO Mystery Solved: They Were Sky Lanterns in Honor of Child Abuse Victims"
539:
In ancient China, sky lanterns were strategically used in wars, in a similar way as
2080:
1583:
1025:
850:
693:
439:
162:
1101:
652:
1771:
704:
by colonists in the 16th century, and is still strong in Portugal, especially in
1756:"World's most prestigious maths medal is stolen minutes after professor wins it"
1069:
995:
928:
888:
709:
637:
An annual sky lantern festival known as the Kamihinokinai Paper Balloon Festival
474:
282:
204:
194:
145:
46:
1994:"East Jefferson Fire-Rescue reminds public sky lanterns are dangerous, illegal"
2057:
1528:. Welcome to Chiangmai and Chiangrai magazine. 3 December 2012. Archived from
1392:
1035:
974:
862:
795:
545:
455:
426:
421:
shell. A design that was fairly common was two pyramids joined by the base (a
418:
391:
360:
343:
177:
1784:
984:
970:
962:
722:, using a large-scale version of these lanterns, was the first man to fly a
713:
592:
422:
403:
1017:
banned sky lanterns as hazardous towards aircraft and airspace navigation.
700:) at the end of June. It is claimed that custom was brought to Brazil from
17:
1713:"Poundland Stops Selling Chinese Lanterns After Massive Fire In Smethwick"
2038:
1789:
1263:
1148:
810:
799:
701:
669:
561:
387:
1852:(in German). Weimar: Thüringisches Staatsministerium. 1936. p. 109.
1041:
Since 2009 it has been illegal to launch a sky lantern in most parts of
351:
1609:"Balão cai no aeroporto de Cumbica; Infraero faz campanha de prevenção"
1117:
1106:
1046:
1042:
947:
605:), it is the second-largest festival of the Buddhist community. During
588:
651:, on February 10 each year. Hundreds of very large lanterns, known as
493:
490:
487:
1849:
Gesetzsammlung für Thüringen 1936, Siebzehnter Jahrgang, Nr. 1 bis 28
939:
774:
731:
681:
631:
606:
583:
579:
571:
565:
410:
399:
395:
383:
359:
The general design is a thin paper shell, which may be from about 30
209:
166:
927:
A sky lantern may land when the flame is still alight, making it a
664:, are flown for good luck in the coming year. Lanterns are made of
1010:
918:
902:
806:
789:
757:
743:
705:
665:
625:
617:
443:
379:
368:
364:
350:
342:
171:
152:
144:
575:
540:
430:
413:
sky lanterns were traditionally made of several patches of thin
1291:"Readers say Burnham-On-Sea UFO was probably a Chinese lantern"
991:, Brazil, fully burned after a sky balloon landed on its roof.
1365:"Udaipur Lantern Festival 2021 – the Unique Diwali of Udaipur"
523:
276:
40:
1814:"Why Did China Ban Traditional Flying Lanterns? – World View"
34:. For the lantern made of thin, brightly colored paper, see
1419:"The fantastical "Paper Balloon Festival of Kamihinokinai""
1178:"Fire kills more than 30 animals at zoo in western Germany"
1059:, in the United States, because of fire concerns. In 2015,
973:, a national retail chain whose headquarters are in nearby
965:. Images of the lantern starting the fire were captured on
518:, the lanterns were also used for military signals, In the
1055:
Sky lanterns have also been banned since 20 June 2013 in
1731:"Thailand lights up the night sky with lantern festival"
1701:"Smethwick fire: Chinese lantern 'caused largest blaze'"
1379:"Diwali | Definition & Facts | Britannica"
27:
A small hot air balloon made to be released into the air
2019:"Ask the Advocate: Dilapidated homes and sky lanterns"
630:
Different colors of sky lantern and their meanings in
1785:"Chinese lanterns pose danger to livestock, NFU says"
1772:"Krefeld zoo fire: German police suspect three women"
1500:"Pingxi Sky Lantern Festival – A Comprehensive Guide"
1188:
1186:
600:
1149:"Wedding party ends in two-house fire and huge bill"
853:, the traditional festival on the 12th month of the
1638:"Sky's The Limit For Eco Friendly Chinese Lanterns"
1579:"What's the environmental impact of a sky lantern?"
71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2034:"Move to ban sky lanterns after devastating fires"
831:, which is held on a full moon of the 2nd month (
390:, sky lanterns are traditionally made from oiled
355:A very large sky lantern in Bandarban, Bangladesh
1919:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
938:Early in 2009, a lantern set fire to a house in
159:Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art
1890:"BUNDESGESETZBLATT FÜR DIE REPUBLIK ÖSTERREICH"
2076:"Pingsi Festival Sends Lanterns Toward Heaven"
1020:In 1936 sky lanterns were made illegal in the
657:
640:
446:tightly wrapped in cloth and bound with wire.
1072:, then Labour MP for High Peak, introduced a
794:Release of a sky lantern during Yi Peng near
8:
1029:
869:. The festival is meant as a time to obtain
708:. The June holidays tradition also includes
398:frame. The source of hot air may be a small
257:name but they have also been referred to as
1864:"Himmelslaternen – gefährlich und verboten"
371:source and to keep it away from the walls.
311:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
622:Hot-air kamifūsen in Kamihinokinai in 2015
2054:"Sky Lanterns (Prohibition) Bill 2017–19"
1945:"Fire danger prompts ban of sky lanterns"
1603:
1601:
1449:"Paper Balloon Festival of Kamihinokinai"
578:after 14 years of exile and victory over
331:Learn how and when to remove this message
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
1526:"Lantern Festival of the Yee Peng Month"
1553:"Inconseqüência sazonal vitima mais um"
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
465:, the Chinese experimented with small
1172:
1170:
840:
822:
726:on 8 August 1709, in the hall of the
7:
1038:or imprisonment of up to two weeks.
865:, the ancient capital of the former
692:) were a traditional feature of the
309:adding citations to reliable sources
69:adding citations to reliable sources
1992:Leader news staff (29 April 2020).
1719:. 2013-07-06. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
1664:"Sky Orbs wins £100k Russian order"
1555:(in Portuguese). Folha de São Paulo
1427:Japan National Tourism Organization
1221:中国古代发明 (Ancient Chinese Inventions)
469:for signaling from as early as the
1729:Newton, Paula (12 November 2014).
1289:Scribbens, Nicola (11 June 2009).
570:One traditional account says that
25:
2074:Chen, Melody (21 February 2005).
1551:Gancia, Barbara (6 August 2004).
987:Convention Center, near downtown
507:from China and used them in the
402:or fuel cell composed of a waxy
281:
45:
1812:Romana, Chito (27 March 2009).
1689:"Smethwick blaze CCTV released"
1393:"A Festival of Floating Lights"
1248:; rpr. Taipei: Caves Books Ltd.
582:, just before the start of the
56:needs additional citations for
1197:. Facts on File. p. 104.
516:history of military ballooning
237:
227:
214:
203:
193:
1:
2032:Cook, Allen (27 March 2019).
1577:Hickman, Leo (31 July 2009).
1258:Speigel, Lee (4 April 2011).
526:sightings through the years.
347:Making sky lanterns in Mexico
1966:Abbott, Davis (6 May 2019).
1895:(in German). 9 December 2009
1087:Balloon-carried light effect
861:celebrations can be seen in
734:, Portugal, long before the
1870:(in German). 2 January 2020
1057:Kittitas County, Washington
969:. In response to the fire,
762:Pingxi Sky Lantern Festival
601:
574:commemorates the return of
2183:
1423:Japan Monthly Web Magazine
1125:Unidentified flying object
559:
29:
1968:"Regulating Sky Lanterns"
1480:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
967:closed-circuit television
909:Scottish Natural Heritage
813:use "floating lanterns" (
658:
641:
562:Types of Indian oil lamps
149:A modern Kǒngmíng lantern
479:reverent term of address
253:is a translation of the
1774:, BBC News, 2020-01-02.
1703:, BBC News, 2013-07-01.
1691:, ITV News, 2013-07-01.
1668:Manchester Evening News
1642:Manchester Evening News
1244:Joseph Needham (1965).
1193:Michael Burgan (2009).
1180:, CBC News, 2020-01-01.
915:national nature reserve
668:, traditional Japanese
30:For the racehorse, see
2107:Balloons (aeronautics)
1921:. 2012. Archived from
1030:
983:In 2018 a pavilion at
944:North Rhine-Westphalia
924:
916:
907:Sky lantern litter at
849:(which coincides with
802:
763:
634:
623:
356:
348:
181:
169:
150:
1195:Empire of the Mongols
996:killed at Krefeld Zoo
922:
906:
793:
761:
629:
621:
520:history of ballooning
354:
346:
175:
156:
148:
1998:Port Townsend Leader
1338:Travel China Guide.
1293:. Burnham-On-Sea.com
953:On 1 July 2013 the '
824:[kʰōːmlɔ̄ːj]
736:Montgolfier brothers
720:Bartolomeu de Gusmão
477:(181–234 AD), whose
460:historian of science
305:improve this section
65:improve this article
2152:Culture of Thailand
2142:Mid-Autumn Festival
2127:History of aviation
1925:on 27 February 2012
1670:. 28 September 2012
1532:on 28 February 2013
1478:www12.senado.leg.br
1218:Yinke Deng (2005).
855:Thai lunar calendar
809:people of northern
676:Portugal and Brazil
429:) sometimes with a
224:traditional Chinese
190:traditional Chinese
32:Sky Lantern (horse)
2167:Culture of Vietnam
2122:Chinese traditions
2117:Chinese inventions
1613:Folha de São Paulo
1506:. 24 February 2024
1344:Travel China Guide
1340:"Lantern Festival"
1314:"Lantern Festival"
1270:on 20 January 2013
1176:Associated Press,
1097:Incendiary balloon
1036:ℛ︁ℳ︁
950:, near Darmstadt.
925:
917:
803:
764:
635:
624:
357:
349:
234:simplified Chinese
200:simplified Chinese
182:
170:
151:
2147:Culture of Taiwan
1818:Blogs.abcnews.com
1793:. 1 February 2010
1611:(in Portuguese).
955:largest fire ever
550:Lantern Festivals
509:Battle of Legnica
505:Kongming lanterns
341:
340:
333:
218:), also known as
141:
140:
133:
115:
16:(Redirected from
2174:
2162:Culture of India
2157:Culture of Korea
2132:Culture of Japan
2093:
2091:
2089:
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2050:
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2023:
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2015:
2009:
2008:
2006:
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1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
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1911:
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1879:
1877:
1875:
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1854:
1853:
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1828:on 30 March 2009
1824:. Archived from
1809:
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1324:
1309:
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1300:
1298:
1286:
1280:
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1275:
1266:. Archived from
1255:
1249:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1190:
1181:
1174:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1145:
1061:Washington state
1033:
935:fireproof wool.
844:
842:[jîːpēŋ]
829:Yi Peng festival
826:
780:Chinese New Year
684:, sky lanterns (
663:
661:
660:
646:
644:
643:
604:
595:. In Bengal and
530:Use in festivals
467:hot air balloons
336:
329:
325:
322:
316:
285:
277:
241:
231:
220:Kǒngmíng lantern
216:
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136:
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73:
49:
41:
21:
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2112:Chinese culture
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2096:
2087:
2085:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2021:. 22 June 2015.
2017:
2016:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1991:
1990:
1986:
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1974:
1965:
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1950:
1948:
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1429:. November 2014
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1397:All About Japan
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1381:. 16 June 2024.
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1092:Hot air balloon
1083:
1074:Ten Minute Rule
1028:, based on the
1004:
901:
788:
771:New Taipei City
767:Pingxi District
756:
724:hot air balloon
694:winter holidays
678:
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363:to a couple of
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2068:External links
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2024:
2010:
1984:
1958:
1947:. 20 June 2013
1936:
1915:"Sky lanterns"
1906:
1881:
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1754:Dom Phillips,
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1644:. 15 June 2011
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989:Rio de Janeiro
933:bio-degradable
913:Muir of Dinnet
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871:Buddhist merit
847:Lanna calendar
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463:Joseph Needham
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80:"Sky lantern"
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76:Find sources:
70:
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54:This article
52:
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43:
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37:
36:Paper lantern
33:
19:
2086:. Retrieved
2081:Taipei Times
2079:
2048:
2037:
2027:
2013:
2001:. Retrieved
1997:
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1975:. Retrieved
1971:
1961:
1949:. Retrieved
1939:
1927:. Retrieved
1923:the original
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1884:
1872:. Retrieved
1867:
1858:
1848:
1842:
1830:. Retrieved
1826:the original
1817:
1807:
1795:. Retrieved
1788:
1779:
1767:
1760:The Guardian
1759:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:
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1696:
1684:
1672:. Retrieved
1658:
1646:. Retrieved
1632:
1624:
1617:. Retrieved
1588:. Retrieved
1584:The Guardian
1582:
1572:
1564:
1557:. Retrieved
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1530:the original
1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1503:
1494:
1482:. Retrieved
1477:
1468:
1456:. Retrieved
1453:Semboku City
1452:
1443:
1431:. Retrieved
1422:
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1396:
1387:
1373:
1359:
1347:. Retrieved
1343:
1333:
1321:. Retrieved
1317:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1284:
1272:. Retrieved
1268:the original
1253:
1245:
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1220:
1213:
1194:
1157:. Retrieved
1152:
1116:
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1065:
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1040:
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1009:The city of
1008:
1005:
1002:Legal status
993:
982:
979:
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937:
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883:
878:
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851:Loi Krathong
836:
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710:firecrackers
697:
685:
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303:Please help
291:
273:Construction
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185:
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163:Loire Valley
142:
127:
121:January 2010
118:
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63:Please help
58:verification
55:
2088:3 September
2084:. p. 2
1899:24 February
1868:www1.wdr.de
1832:24 February
1797:8 September
1674:24 February
1648:24 February
1619:24 February
1590:24 February
1536:24 February
1349:24 February
1323:27 February
1274:24 February
1224:. 五洲传播出版社.
1070:Ruth George
929:fire hazard
647:is held in
475:Zhuge Liang
415:translucent
259:sky candles
251:sky lantern
186:sky lantern
18:Sky Lantern
2101:Categories
2058:Parliament
2003:14 October
1977:14 October
1559:2 February
1318:Britannica
1297:2 February
1231:7508508378
1131:References
975:Willenhall
863:Chiang Mai
796:Chiang Mai
690:Portuguese
642:上桧木内の紙風船上げ
560:See also:
546:Mid-Autumn
456:sinologist
427:octahedron
419:polyhedral
406:material.
392:rice paper
321:April 2019
180:, Thailand
178:Chiang Mai
91:newspapers
1929:1 January
1874:3 January
1484:3 January
1159:3 January
1153:The Local
1102:Kamifūsen
985:Riocentro
971:Poundland
963:Smethwick
957:' in the
845:) of the
714:fireworks
653:kamifūsen
593:Rajasthan
423:bipyramid
404:flammable
292:does not
2039:BBC News
1972:mrsc.org
1822:ABC News
1790:BBC News
1740:21 April
1510:18 March
1264:AOL News
1081:See also
893:khom fai
879:tham bun
819:khom loi
811:Thailand
800:Thailand
786:Thailand
702:Portugal
670:glassine
440:paraffin
388:Thailand
215:tiāndēng
2060:. 2019.
1951:12 July
1458:28 July
1433:28 July
1403:28 July
1118:Tangled
1107:Lantern
1047:Austria
1043:Germany
1026:Germany
948:Dieburg
899:Dangers
859:Yi Peng
837:Yi Peng
833:ยี่เป็ง
589:Udaipur
514:In the
450:History
313:removed
298:sources
255:Chinese
105:scholar
1399:. 2017
1228:
1201:
940:Siegen
815:โคมลอย
775:Taiwan
754:Taiwan
744:metres
732:Lisbon
682:Brazil
632:Taiwan
607:Diwali
602:fanush
584:winter
580:Ravana
572:Diwali
566:Diwali
411:Mexico
400:candle
396:bamboo
384:Taiwan
365:metres
242:), or
236::
226::
212::
210:pinyin
202::
192::
167:France
107:
100:
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1893:(PDF)
1015:China
1011:Sanya
875:ทำบุญ
807:Lanna
706:Porto
686:balão
666:washi
614:Japan
556:India
541:kites
535:China
444:rosin
435:prism
394:on a
380:China
369:flame
112:JSTOR
98:books
2090:2018
2005:2020
1979:2020
1953:2013
1931:2012
1901:2013
1876:2020
1834:2013
1799:2010
1742:2024
1676:2013
1650:2013
1621:2013
1592:2013
1561:2013
1538:2013
1512:2024
1486:2018
1460:2019
1435:2019
1405:2019
1351:2021
1325:2021
1299:2013
1276:2013
1226:ISBN
1199:ISBN
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564:and
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386:and
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294:cite
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1735:CNN
1013:in
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730:in
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659:紙風船
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