Sleeping car - Knowledge (XXG)

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both the upper and lower levels of the car. Effectively, they are open sections with walls, a door, and a built-in access ladder for the upper berth (which doubles as a nightstand for the lower berth passenger). Superliner Deluxe Bedrooms are essentially the same as historic Compartments and Double Bedrooms, with the toilet cubicle doubling as a private shower cubicle. In addition, each Superliner sleeping car has two special lower-level accommodations, each taking up the full width of the car: the Accessible Bedroom, at the restroom/shower end of the car (below the Deluxe Bedrooms), is a fully wheelchair-accessible accommodation for two, with a roll-in cubicle for the toilet and shower; the Family Bedroom, at the Economy Bedroom end of the car, accommodates two adults and up to three small children, without private toilet or shower facilities.

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like Kazakhstan and Russia, locally-produced cars are purchased regularly to update the fleet, with newly introduced comforts such as showers, dry toilets, or conditioning units in passenger compartments becoming an increasingly common sight; Russian Railroads have also introduced double-deck sleeper cars; yet comfort levels still suffer from a modest degree of innovation in the bogie suspension systems and the passenger compartment design. Some other post-Soviet nations rely more heavily on the rolling stock fleet inherited from the Union, to a large extent based on vintage life-prolonged cars assembled in

1618: 700: 369:. The majority of Pullman Porters were African Americans. While still a menial job in many respects, Pullman offered better pay and security than most jobs open to African Americans at the time, in addition to a chance for travel, and it was a well regarded job in the African-American community of the time. The Pullman attendants, regardless of their true name, were traditionally referred to as "George" by the travelers, the name of the company's founder, George Pullman. The Pullman company was the largest employer of African Americans in the United States. 1403: 997: 288: 510: 1308: 1008:

sleeping cars, standard in the Eastern Bloc. They were replaced by Grivița-made WLABmee 71-70 and Hansa-made WLABmee 71–31, bought second-hand from Deutsche Bahn. The most recent sleeping cars are the WLABmee 70-91 made by Astra Arad, which is the same type used by Astra Rail (although the liveries differ), starting from 2014, 2 of the WLABmee 71-70 cars were refurbished, but no other examples have received the same treatment. Other examples that have been withdrawn since were second-hand examples of the TEN MU and T2S types.

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parent company, Pullman Incorporated, controlling the Pullman Company (which owned and operated sleeping cars) and the Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company. Due to an antitrust verdict in 1947, a consortium of railroads bought the Pullman Company from Pullman Incorporated, and subsequently railroads owned and operated Pullman-made sleeping cars themselves. Pullman-Standard continued manufacturing sleeping cars and other passenger and freight railroad cars until 1980.

1459: 596: 564: 1167: 1240: 837:, on the other hand, night trains are to this day a prime method of railway travel, as a shift towards faster daytime trains with seating rather than sleeping arrangements is hampered by insufficient investments in the railway infrastructure restricting the speed, lack of train sets, and most importantly, the distances involved. While certain numbers of high-speed trains have been acquired by the national railways of these countries (such as 2655: 54: 922:, an all-sleeping-car train. It leaves Paris from the Gare d'Austerlitz in mid-evening and arrives in Nice at about 8 in the morning, providing both first-class rooms and couchette accommodation. The train's principal popularity is with older travelers; it has not won the same degree of popularity with younger travelers. Recently, the upper-class coaches (wagons lits) have been sold to foreign railroad companies, so that only 186: 430: 2645: 981:(599 km) usually lasts 11 hours 20 minutes when there are no delays. Most night trains in Romania cross the country, covering distances of 400 to 750 km, usually to end at certain international destinations or in large cities at opposite ends of the country. The overwhelming majority of night trains with sleeping coaches are owned and operated by 1290:" (formerly "Economy Bedrooms" or "Standard Bedrooms") for one or two travelers; plus a beverage area and a toilet. The lower level contains more Roomettes; a Family Bedroom for as many as two adults and two children; and an "Accessible Bedroom" (formerly "Special Bedroom") for a wheelchair-using traveler and a companion; plus toilets and a shower. 501:

are staggered vertically, with every second accommodation raised a few feet above the car's floor level, in order to make slightly more efficient use of the space. Single-passenger Slumbercoach accommodations are a particularly spartan form of roomette; Slumbercoaches also included a few two-passenger units.

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The Viewliner cars contain an Accessible Bedroom (formerly "Special Bedroom") for a wheelchair-using traveler and a companion, with an enclosed toilet-and-shower facility; two Bedrooms (formerly "Deluxe Bedrooms") for one, two, or three travelers, each Bedroom containing an enclosed toilet-and-shower

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in a private cubicle of its own), and a washbasin. When a traditional Roomette is in night mode, the bed blocks access to the toilet. Like open sections, Roomettes are placed on both sides of the car, with a corridor down the center. Duplex Roomettes, a Pullman-produced precursor to the Slumbercoach,

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In Eastern Europe, night trains are still widely used. In Western Europe, they have been in decline for decades. However, in December 2020 the state railways of Germany, Austria, France and Switzerland announced a 500 million euro investment in a network of cross-border night trains linking 13 major

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In modern Europe, a number of sleeping car services continue to operate, though they face strong competition from high-speed day trains and budget airlines, sometimes leading to the cancellation or consolidation of services. In some cases, trains are split and recombined in the dead of night, making

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Economy Bedrooms (now called Superliner Roomettes, although they are structurally closer to open sections) accommodate two passengers in facing seats that fold out into a lower berth, with an upper berth that folds down from above, a small closet, and no in-room washbasin or toilet, on both sides of

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A Drawing Room is a relatively rare accommodation for three people traveling together, again with a washbasin and private toilet, again on one side of the car. Even rarer are larger rooms accommodating four or more; generally the needs of large parties were better served with multiple rooms, with or

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The need to compete against aviation with its soaring passenger numbers forces the railroads to maintain modest ticket prices, starting at below 10 Euros for third-class tickets in Ukraine, if higher in the richer ex-Soviet nations. Rolling stock age and quality also varies by country. In countries

676:, the co-owner of Le Monde newspaper. However, the project later collapsed due in part to a lack of funding. Europe has seen a recent (in 2021) increase in the provision of sleeper trains which is thought to be the result of increasing awareness of the environmental effects of long-distance travel. 475:

In the mid-to-late 20th century, an increasing variety of private rooms was offered. Most of these rooms provided significantly more space than open-section accommodations could offer. Open-sections were increasingly phased out in the 1950s, in favor of roomettes. Some of them, such as the rooms of

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rolling stock. Croatian sleeping coaches include single, double or 4-bed compartments with washbasin and many additional hygienic accessories. Passengers also have catering services at their disposal and are given complimentary breakfast, depending on the type of ticket bought. A night train with

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Pullman cars were normally a dark "Pullman green", although some were painted in the host railroad's colors. The cars carried individual names, but usually did not carry visible numbers. In the 1920s, the Pullman Company went through a series of restructuring steps, which in the end resulted in a

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CFR today prefers operating more couchettes than sleeping cars in its trains, a practice used in Italy and Austria, adopted by the CFR in the early 2010s, thus enabling it to increase the capacity on sleeping trains. The sleeping cars of the CFR in the 1990s consisted of Bautzen and Görlitz-made

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Compartments and Double Bedrooms are private rooms for two passengers, with upper and lower berths, washbasins, and private toilets, placed on one side of the car, with the corridor running down the other side (thus allowing the accommodation to be slightly over two thirds the width of the car).

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From the mid-19th to the mid-20th centuries, the most common and more economical type of sleeping car accommodation on North American trains was the "open section". Open-section accommodations consist of pairs of seats, one seat facing forward and the other backward, situated on either side of a

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are sleeper/couchette cars. With railways as one of the primary mode of passenger transport, sleeper cars vary from economical to First Class AC (air conditioned). Most Indian trains come in combinations of first class A/C and non-A/C private sleeper cars with doors, and A/C 3-tier or 2-tier

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In the most common Superliner sleeping car configuration, the upper level is divided into two halves, one half containing "Bedrooms" (formerly "Deluxe Bedrooms") for one, two, or three travelers, each Bedroom containing an enclosed toilet-and-shower facility; and the other half containing

1206:). These services offer a choice of single- or double-occupancy bedrooms. These services operate all week, except Saturdays and usually depart London (Euston and Paddington) in the evening, arriving at their destinations at approximately 08:00. The Night Riviera service uses 802:

and many outlying cities being ideal for overnight trips that depart in late evening and arrive at their destinations in the morning. Sleeping cars with berths are the only reasonable solution for railway trips lasting several days (e.g., trains running along the

672:, announced plans to set up a network of sleeper trains, centered in Paris. Planned destinations include Edinburgh, Copenhagen, Berlin, Venice, Rome, Barcelona, Madrid, and Porto, with some intermediate stops. The plans were backed by telecoms billionaire 243:

run by the various railroads; there were also some sleeping cars that were operated by Pullman but owned by the railroad running a given train. During the peak years of American passenger railroading, several all-Pullman trains existed, including the

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the United States government banned sleeping cars for runs of less than 450 miles (720 km) in order to make sleepers available for transporting troops returning to the US from Europe, many being deployed in the Pacific. The development of the

691:– discussed plans to reshape sleeping cars for flow production. The ADLNE project aims to create the railcar from modules that are themselves composed of interchangeable segments, compartments and fittings, allowing bespoke designs at low cost. 554:

sleeping cars were built, the accommodations were patterned after the Superliner accommodations, except that the Economy Bedrooms (or "Viewliner Roomettes") include Roomette-style washbasins and toilets, as well as windows for the upper berths.

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at speeds of up to 250 km/h (160 mph), one of the fastest sleeper trains in the world. A new variant of CRH2E consists of double level bunk capsules in lieu of sleeping berths. These trains have been dubbed "moving hotels".

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facility; "Roomettes" (formerly "Economy Bedrooms", "Standard Bedrooms", or "Compartments") for one or two travelers, each Roomette containing its own unenclosed toilet and washing facilities; and a shower room at the end of the car.

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Night train numbers have been reduced significantly, as the quality of the rail infrastructure is declining and repairs are insufficient, which leads to longer ride times between cities. A journey from the Bucharest main station to

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in the South Main Line. The 7A-2000 class were a group of 5 single-level cars that were decommissioned after being involved in the fatal 2004 Padre Burgos derailment. On the other hand, the 14 class were a group of bilevel-style

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it possible to offer several connections with a relatively small number of trains. Generally, the trains consist of sleeping cars with private compartments, couchette cars, and sometimes cars with normal seating.

216:– one of the United States' first makers of railway passenger coach equipment – produced America's first specifically designed sleeping car. Canadian railways soon followed with their own sleeping cars: first the 910:. ČD operates them on the Prague - Leipzig - Zürich line, Prague - Linz - Zürich line, Prague - Humenné line and others. RegioJet provides them on various trains on the Prague - Košice line. 484:

and first put into service in 1956, were triumphs of miniaturization. These allowed a single car to increase the number of sleepers over a conventional sleeping car of private rooms.

1334:. The middle level bunk bed will be folded and top level bunk bed will still be sold as sleeper, while the lower bed will be occupied by three passengers. Chinese trains also offer 1574:

operated a number of 7A-2000 and 14 class sleeper cars between 1999 and 2013. These units were first built for the Japanese National Railways in 1974 as 14 series passenger cars

384:. Because they moved about the country, Pullman porters also became an important means of communication for news and cultural information of all kinds. The African-American 2705:

Pullman Sleeping Cars add Comfort to Overnight Travel, description, with illustrations, contrasting the roomettes, bedrooms, double bedrooms, drawing rooms and compartments

665:, which is divided into compartments for four or six people, with bench-configuration seating during the day and "privacyless" double- or triple-level bunk beds at night. 2282: 64: 1119:. The train runs through Turkey as a single train and later splits in Bulgaria. Formerly, overnight trains departed Istanbul to several European destinations such as 334: 239:, founded as the Pullman Palace Car Company in 1867, owned and operated most sleeping cars in the United States until the mid-20th century, attaching them to 2411: 819: 2429: 1231:, using a mixture of relatively new cars and refurbished mid-century ones; the latter cars include both private rooms and "open section" accommodations. 459: 2731: 2257: 615: 2649: 798:

In the Soviet Union overnight train travel formed the most common and accessible mode of long-distance travel, distances between the capital of

496:, in the historically correct sense of the word, is a private room for a single passenger, containing a single seat, a folding bed, a toilet ( 377: 2571: 1827: 281: 1488:

Japan once had many sleeping car trains, but most have been abolished because of the development of air travel, overnight bus services and

580: 224:. The Great Western's sleeping cars were manufactured in-house, with the first three built in 1858, and the railway operating six by 1863. 2111: 858: 786: 373: 1811: 1553:

class, but are misinterpreted as sleeper trains by mainstream media. There are two generations of Luxury class cars. The rental cars,

2013: 2593: 1902: 778: 684: 98: 446:", each berth consisting of a bed screened from the aisle by a curtain. A famous example of open sections can be seen in the movie 287: 2977: 688: 618:(French for "International Sleeping Car Company") first focused on sleeping cars, but later operated whole trains, including the 1749: 1664: 1654: 699: 221: 2001: 2563: 2077: 1696: 1436: 810:

Since then, the railroads in the smaller ex-Soviet nations have largely transitioned to daytime intercity trains, such as in

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One unanticipated consequence of the rise of Pullman cars in the US in the 19th and early 20th centuries was their effect on

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in Ukraine), all of them continue to operate a large number of sleeper trains both on domestic and international routes.

2724: 1617: 1571: 1421: 1255:. Amtrak offers sleeping cars on most of its overnight trains, using modern cars of the private-room type exclusively. 1104: 525:

Frequently, these accommodations have movable partitions allowing adjacent accommodations to be combined into a suite.

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where it operated International Sud-Express and Lusitanea services between Spain and Portugal, and by its subsidiary

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Sleeping cars from Argentina, USA, Scotland, Austria, Spain, Germany, Syria, Malaysia in interactive 360° Panoramas

1668: 1533: 1521: 292: 213: 198: 194: 926:(1st and 2nd class) and seating coaches remain. The Train Bleu is part of the French night service network called 509: 2680: 2665: 1944: 1211: 313: 271: 251: 150:

The first such cars saw sporadic use on American and English railways in the 1830s; they could be configured for

982: 2581: 2161: 1577: 1342: 202: 2694: 2187: 1858: 1402: 1307: 2345: 2717: 2023: 2215: 1635: 807:, or direct trains from Moscow or Saint Petersburg to the capitals of the Central Asian Soviet Republics). 414: 2860: 2757: 2743: 2387: 1754: 1700: 1682: 986: 804: 647: 171: 167: 993:, has started offering sleeping train services, using own-made sleeping cars and Servtrans locomotives. 2982: 1721: 1596: 770:. The services usually leave at around 20:00 hours and arrive at around 09:00 hours at the destination. 261: 928: 2916: 2027: 1715: 1259: 1207: 1038: 941: 638: 600: 543: 246: 140: 2000:

NRHS Bulletin, Summer 2006, Tom Smith, "The Budd Slumbercoach Brings Economy to Pullman Passengers"

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operates an extensive network of conventional sleeper trains throughout the country, covering all

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operates an extensive network of trains with sleeping cars, especially between the main cities in

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between its launch in 1967 and 1995, when the last berth ("couchette") cars were decommissioned.

1483: 1466: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1188: 990: 818:, which operates a train factory in Minsk, or in Uzbekistan, which has established a 600 km 381: 372:

Railway porters fought for political recognition and were eventually unionized. Their union, the

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that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping.

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would eventually be reintroduced. This marked the end of sleeper trains in Portugal and it left

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sleeping cars, built in the mid-1990s. Superliners are used on most long-distance routes from

1065: 870: 395: 366: 76: 2230:"Lůžkové a lehátkové spoje ČD – pohodlné noční cestování vlakem po Evropě | České dráhy" 2947: 2926: 2805: 2772: 2762: 2529: 2136: 1741: 1506: 1358: 1331: 1319: 680: 448: 443: 442:

center aisle. The seat pairs can be converted into the combination of an upper and a lower "

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https://web.archive.org/web/20101128033028/http://srmduluth.org/Exhibits/SlumberCoaches.pdf

1808: 650:). Today it once again specializes in sleeping cars, along with onboard railroad catering. 2845: 1943:

Editors of Publications International, 'How Stuff Works,' 'Railroads During World War II'

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sleeping carriages included operates on the route between the two largest Croatian towns,

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The man who ultimately made the sleeping car business profitable in the United States was

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Another of the more substantial examples of current European sleeping-car service is the

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The first American sleeping car, the "Chambersburg" started service on the CVRR in 1839.

182:, England. The bed carriage was first made available to first-class passengers in 1838. 2820: 2740: 2018: 1759: 1659: 1545:

The successor to the Indonesian State Railways, PT Kereta Api Indonesia, operates some

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advertisement "The Kid in Upper 4." This ad depicts an open section of a sleeping car.

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per compartment, which can be converted into seats in peak season, especially during

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In the United Kingdom, a network of trains with sleeping cars operates daily between

1073: 1030: 978: 965: 923: 704: 662: 632: 205:. A couple of years later a second car, the "Carlisle", was introduced into service. 38: 1890:

Trains and Technology: the American Railroad in the Nineteenth Century. Vol. 2, Cars

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In the United States, all regularly scheduled sleeping car services are operated by

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European cities, in the largest extension of Europe's night network in many years.

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pioneered sleeping car service in America with a car named "Chambersburg", between

151: 1492:. As of May 2016, sleeper car trains of regular service in Japan are as follows: 2901: 2880: 2699: 2283:"Renfe no suprimirá definitivamente el tren hotel que une Galicia con Barcelona" 1775: 1262:

sleeping cars, built from the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, and the single-level

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bought in the great metropolitan centres, greatly adding to the distribution of

276: 376:(established, 1925), became an important source of strength for the burgeoning 2875: 2855: 2850: 2840: 2830: 2613: 2388:"Essential Guide to Classes of Travel on Indian Railways Trains (with Photos)" 1945:

https://history.howstuffworks.com/american-history/world-war-ii-railroads2.htm

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In 2022 the design and engineering faculties of three European universities –

185: 179: 2630: 2622: 17: 1582:, and were donated to the Philippines in 1999. They were meant to serve the 1378: 1279: 1263: 1116: 1084: 1033:

technology and sleeping cars developed by the Spanish rail network operator

1018: 891: 883: 585: 568: 551: 385: 1925:. No. 168. Railway and Locomotive Historical Society. pp. 73–75. 887: 429: 2644: 1270:

westward, while Viewliners are used on most routes east of Chicago due to

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A WLABmee 71-31 car, the standard sleeping car of the CFR, at the defunct

394:, gained a national circulation in this way. Porters also used to re-sell 2906: 2896: 2865: 2835: 2525: 2521: 1769: 1673: 1623: 1370: 1327: 1287: 1228: 1227:

In Canada, all regularly scheduled sleeping car services are operated by

1197: 1183: 1128: 1124: 1108: 1096: 1068:, although Renfe announced that trains to and from the Spanish region of 907: 755: 747: 715: 493: 2447: 1311:

A double-deck conventional passenger sleeping car of China in April 2006

2956: 2952: 2911: 2800: 2085: 1930: 1475: 1462: 1374: 1366: 1267: 1155: 1151: 1042: 834: 811: 763: 751: 743: 723: 719: 589: 2686:— photographs and short history of a Sleeping Car built in 1929. 455: 1600: 1252: 1244: 1179: 1147: 1132: 1080: 1050: 953: 875: 869:

Modern, air-conditioned sleeping cars and couchette cars are part of

842: 830: 799: 759: 735: 611: 175: 2704: 2370:"China's New High-Speed Sleeper Train is Literally a 'Moving Hotel'" 2014:"Rail giants team up to revive Europe's long-dormant sleeper trains" 1258:

Today, Amtrak operates two main types of sleeping car: the bi-level

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as the last international train service between Portugal and Spain.

711: 2473: 1866: 2412:"Mau naik kereta kelas sleeper - ini harga dan cara beli tiketnya" 1634: 1616: 1517: 1502: 1471: 1457: 1442: 1306: 1238: 1165: 1112: 1058: 1034: 1027: 1023: 995: 846: 785: 777: 727: 698: 594: 579: 562: 508: 454: 428: 413: 403: 333: 286: 184: 110: 1921:

Greenhill, Ralph (Spring 1993). "Early Sleeping Cars in Canada".

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served by berth carriages, with compartments for up to 6 people.

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were halted in 2013, the 14-class couchettes were stored in the

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An example of a more basic type of sleeping car is the European

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sleeper trains. Sleeper services are operated using high-speed

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Jones, Ben (Spring 2013). "All Aboard... ...The Night Train".

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The Story of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in Canada

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Open section accommodations of a Pullman car in day mode from

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Sleeping car services in the Czech Republic are operated by

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travel in the same decade negatively affected train travel.

882:, and Croatian sleeping coaches are included on the Zagreb- 380:

in the early 20th century, notably under the leadership of

2078:"New night trains are reingniting rail travel in Europe" 1338:

or deluxe sleeping cars with four or two beds per room.

231:, who began by building a luxurious sleeping car (named 1893:. Newark, Del. : University of Delaware Press. p. 1095:

While most of Turkey's overnight trains operate within

746:, and Nightjet's partners will also take passengers to 72: 1079:

The Estrella (Star) is a low-cost night train between

2617:. No. 181. Peterborough: Bauer. pp. 38–44. 365:

culture. Each Pullman car was staffed by a uniformed

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Peadon, Brad (2020). "PNR Passenger Rolling Stock".

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Possibly the earliest example of a sleeping car (or

2935: 2889: 2791: 2750: 2244:"Spací vozy - plnohodnotný spánek během vaší cesty" 2051:"How Europe's night trains came back from the dead" 1809:

Philip Berlin Historical Marker – Behind the Marker

433:In 1964, aging open-section Pullman cars waited in 2112:"New network of European sleeper trains announced" 1996: 1994: 1326:in use today is very basic, consisting of 6 fixed 1139:but were all discontinued in the 1990s and 2000s. 534:without the ability to combine them into a suite. 27:Railway passenger car with private sleeping berths 2681:Canadian National Railways Sleeping Car No. 1683 2504:Philippine National Railways Rolling Stock Update 1960:. Toronto: Umbrella Press. pp. 20–23, 39–42. 825:In the larger Soviet Union successor states like 1420:A 16 car CRH2E sleeper high speed train leaving 1064:Trenhotel services were discontinued during the 338:Pullman porter making an upper berth aboard the 147:was the American innovator of the sleeper car. 2586:Night Trains: The Rise and Fall of the Sleeper 1408:Interior of the CRH2E sleeper high speed train 1396:Exterior of the CRH2E sleeper high speed train 2725: 2308:"Train fleet - Rolling stock | VIA Rail" 1671:, and the north–south transcontinental train 61:The examples and perspective in this article 8: 1322:capitals and many major cities. The Chinese 1022:was a long-distance, high-quality overnight 132: 1916: 1914: 2732: 2718: 2710: 2430:"PT KAI Luncurkan Kereta Sleeper Luxury 2" 2322:"Bombardier ZEFIRO Very High Speed Trains" 1142:A privately operated overnight train, the 1045:(a joint venture between Renfe and French 782:1st class two berth sleeper Kyiv to Moscow 2690:Sleeping in Comfort: Pullman Fundamentals 2666:A. Philip Randolph / Sleeping Car Porters 2522:"10 dead in Philippines train derailment" 2497: 2495: 1210:coaches, whereas Caledonian Sleeper uses 1049:with a 50% share each) when operating in 99:Learn how and when to remove this message 2162:"Getting overnight travel back on track" 1657:'s east–west transcontinental train the 1549:services that are officially called the 989:, the newly founded private operator of 616:Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits 1789: 1158:with an average trip time of 35 hours. 529:Drawing Rooms and Larger Accommodations 2677:— photographs and short history. 985:. Recently, private operators such as 115:Pullman sleeping car, original to the 2675:1910 Heavyweight Pullman Business Car 2105: 2103: 1441:A major portion of passenger cars in 1341:China is the only country to operate 964:Sleeping trains in Poland are run by 668:In 2021 the French start-up company, 282:Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway 7: 307:For nearly a year during the end of 166:, as it was then called) was on the 2560:The American Railroad Passenger Car 2049:Buckley, Julia (14 December 2020). 1798:Travel in the Twenties and Thirties 599:A long-distance night train at the 406:and the popularity of the artists. 374:Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters 299:, configured for daytime operation 1865:. January 31, 2011. Archived from 1536:once operated sleeper cars on the 324:Cultural impact of Pullman porters 316:in the 1950s and the expansion of 25: 1561:, have a bedroom for two people. 822:between all of its major cities. 820:Afrosiyob high-speed rail service 291:Interior of a Pullman car on the 119:, on display in Duluth, Minnesota 2653: 2643: 2346:"我国首列时速250公里纵向卧铺动车组下线-南方都市报·奥一网" 1413: 1401: 1389: 505:Compartments and Double Bedrooms 52: 2160:Burroughs, David (6 May 2021). 1750:Lists of named passenger trains 1037:. It was operated by Renfe and 2650:Sleeping cars (rail transport) 2564:Johns Hopkins University Press 2186:Humphreys, Pat (Feb 6, 2022). 2110:Willsher, Kim (22 June 2021). 1887:Bianculli, Anthony J. (2002). 1836:. June 6, 1927. Archived from 1437:Indian Railways coaching stock 1247:Viewliner sleeping car in 2014 1192:), and between London and the 437:, available for "emergencies". 1: 2922:Troop kitchen / Troop sleeper 2695:Sleeping cars - photo gallery 2661:travel guide from Wikivoyage 2166:International Railway Journal 1979:. Public Broadcasting Service 1002:Belgrade Main railway station 774:Former Soviet Union countries 571:, a single-level sleeping car 514: 513:Pullman private compartment, 419: 348: 1796:Lambert, Anthony J. (1983), 1713:'s long-distance trains the 1591:. After all services to the 1572:Philippine National Railways 1422:Beijing West railway station 538:Modern Amtrak Accommodations 1650:Sleeping cars are used on: 584:Trenhotel Alhambra between 480:" cars manufactured by the 210:Wason Manufacturing Company 193:In the spring of 1839, the 75:, discuss the issue on the 2999: 2188:"ADLNE project newsletter" 1814:December 16, 2008, at the 1481: 1434: 707:double-decker sleeping car 410:Open-section accommodation 327: 293:Chicago and Alton Railroad 214:Springfield, Massachusetts 195:Cumberland Valley Railroad 36: 29: 2588:. London: Profile Books. 2448:"Kereta Wisata Nusantara" 1956:Grizzle, Stanley (1998). 1534:Indonesian State Railways 1470:sleeper car service from 314:Interstate Highway System 272:Illinois Central Railroad 252:New York Central Railroad 117:William Crooks locomotive 2289:(in Spanish). 2020-06-02 2264:(in Spanish). 2020-05-30 1695:services from Sydney to 1365:). Services run between 1208:British Rail Mk3 sleeper 1107:operates one train from 203:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 154:seating during the day. 37:Not to be confused with 2978:Passenger railroad cars 2890:Miscellaneous equipment 2562:. Baltimore, Maryland: 2141:www.midnight-trains.com 1565:Other countries in Asia 1555:kereta wisata Nusantara 1174:double berth in the UK. 794:double-deck sleeper car 172:Grand Junction Railways 168:London & Birmingham 30:For the 1933 film, see 2783:Travelling Post Office 2137:"Where the night dies" 1755:Pullman (car or coach) 1647: 1632: 1479: 1357:trains outfitted with 1312: 1248: 1175: 1004: 805:Trans-Siberian Railway 795: 783: 708: 648:Trans-Siberian railway 621:Simplon-Orient Express 607: 592: 572: 521: 471:Private Accommodations 467: 438: 426: 354: 300: 190: 133: 120: 2652:at Wikimedia Commons 2216:"Locations - Stadler" 1828:"St. Paul 'Pullmans'" 1722:Spirit of the Outback 1638: 1620: 1482:Further information: 1478:with 180 degree views 1461: 1435:Further information: 1310: 1274:issues in and around 1242: 1169: 999: 789: 781: 702: 598: 583: 566: 512: 458: 432: 417: 378:Civil Rights Movement 337: 328:Further information: 290: 262:Pennsylvania Railroad 188: 114: 2474:"Kereta Wisata Jawa" 2195:Transport and Travel 1840:on December 16, 2008 1716:Spirit of Queensland 1639:Sleeping cabin of a 987:Astra Rail Carpatica 942:Ferrovie dello Stato 718:services operate in 601:Oulu railway station 247:20th Century Limited 81:create a new article 73:improve this article 63:may not represent a 2778:Railway post office 2744:passenger equipment 1971:Schoenberg, Loren. 1655:Great Southern Rail 1324:"hard" sleeping car 1026:service which used 956:using train ferry. 886:-Zagreb and Zagreb- 861:back in the 1980s. 347:bound for Chicago, 32:Sleeping Car (film) 2792:Passenger-carrying 2768:Head end power car 2751:Head-end equipment 2326:Railway Technology 2088:. 16 December 2020 1648: 1633: 1559:kereta wisata Jawa 1484:Blue Train (Japan) 1480: 1313: 1249: 1189:Caledonian Sleeper 1176: 1172:Caledonian Sleeper 1012:Spain and Portugal 1005: 991:Astra Vagoane Arad 929:Intercités de Nuit 847:Hyundai Rotem HRCS 796: 784: 709: 608: 593: 573: 559:Night trains today 522: 468: 439: 427: 396:phonograph records 382:A. Philip Randolph 355: 301: 220:in 1858, then the 191: 121: 2965: 2964: 2871:Sleeper / Pullman 2648:Media related to 2573:978-0-8018-2743-3 2030:. 8 December 2020 1869:on March 14, 2012 1621:Sleeping cars on 1581: 1570:Philippines: The 1547:first-class train 1066:COVID-19 pandemic 871:Croatian Railways 109: 108: 101: 83:, as appropriate. 16:(Redirected from 2990: 2948:Rail motor coach 2927:Vestibuled train 2734: 2727: 2720: 2711: 2657: 2647: 2634: 2599: 2577: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2537: 2530:Associated Press 2518: 2512: 2511: 2499: 2490: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2470: 2464: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2444: 2438: 2437: 2426: 2420: 2419: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2399: 2398: 2384: 2378: 2377: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2357: 2356: 2350:epaper.oeeee.com 2342: 2336: 2335: 2333: 2332: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2304: 2298: 2297: 2295: 2294: 2287:La Nueva Crónica 2279: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2269: 2254: 2248: 2247: 2240: 2234: 2233: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2212: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2192: 2183: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2172: 2157: 2151: 2150: 2148: 2147: 2133: 2127: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2107: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2082:traveller.com.au 2074: 2068: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2046: 2040: 2039: 2037: 2035: 2010: 2004: 1998: 1989: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1953: 1947: 1941: 1935: 1934: 1923:Railroad History 1918: 1909: 1908: 1884: 1878: 1877: 1875: 1874: 1855: 1849: 1848: 1846: 1845: 1824: 1818: 1806: 1800: 1794: 1575: 1417: 1405: 1393: 1332:Chinese New Year 1272:tunnel clearance 1105:TCDD Taşımacılık 519: 516: 449:Some Like It Hot 435:Portland, Oregon 424: 421: 391:Chicago Defender 363:African-American 353: 350: 298: 257:Broadway Limited 241:passenger trains 138: 104: 97: 93: 90: 84: 56: 55: 48: 21: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2988: 2987: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2961: 2931: 2885: 2794:coaches or cars 2793: 2787: 2746: 2738: 2673:Abraham Lincoln 2641: 2610: 2607: 2605:Further reading 2602: 2596: 2580: 2574: 2554: 2550: 2545: 2544: 2535: 2533: 2520: 2519: 2515: 2501: 2500: 2493: 2483: 2481: 2480:(in Indonesian) 2472: 2471: 2467: 2457: 2455: 2454:(in Indonesian) 2446: 2445: 2441: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2396: 2394: 2386: 2385: 2381: 2368: 2367: 2363: 2354: 2352: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2330: 2328: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2306: 2305: 2301: 2292: 2290: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2267: 2265: 2256: 2255: 2251: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2228: 2227: 2223: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2199: 2197: 2190: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2170: 2168: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2145: 2143: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2120: 2118: 2109: 2108: 2101: 2091: 2089: 2076: 2075: 2071: 2061: 2059: 2048: 2047: 2043: 2033: 2031: 2012: 2011: 2007: 1999: 1992: 1982: 1980: 1970: 1969: 1965: 1955: 1954: 1950: 1942: 1938: 1920: 1919: 1912: 1905: 1886: 1885: 1881: 1872: 1870: 1863:Springfield 375 1857: 1856: 1852: 1843: 1841: 1826: 1825: 1821: 1816:Wayback Machine 1807: 1803: 1795: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1732: 1711:Queensland Rail 1615: 1610: 1567: 1530: 1490:high-speed rail 1486: 1456: 1439: 1433: 1428: 1427: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1418: 1410: 1409: 1406: 1398: 1397: 1394: 1359:sleeping berths 1305: 1300: 1237: 1225: 1220: 1164: 1146:, runs between 1093: 1014: 974: 962: 938: 916: 900: 867: 841:in Kazakhstan, 776: 697: 670:Midnight Trains 578: 561: 540: 531: 517: 507: 490: 473: 422: 412: 351: 344:Capitol Limited 332: 326: 296: 237:Pullman Company 235:) in 1865. The 160: 139:) is a railway 105: 94: 88: 85: 70: 57: 53: 46: 43:Railway sleeper 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 2996: 2994: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2970: 2969: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2959: 2950: 2945: 2939: 2937: 2933: 2932: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2886: 2884: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2863: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2797: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2786: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2765: 2763:Express reefer 2760: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2747: 2741:Rail transport 2739: 2737: 2736: 2729: 2722: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2678: 2668: 2659:Sleeper trains 2640: 2639:External links 2637: 2636: 2635: 2606: 2603: 2601: 2600: 2594: 2582:Martin, Andrew 2578: 2572: 2556:White, John H. 2551: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2528:, through the 2513: 2491: 2465: 2439: 2421: 2418:. 27 May 2019. 2403: 2379: 2361: 2337: 2313: 2299: 2274: 2249: 2235: 2221: 2207: 2178: 2152: 2128: 2099: 2069: 2041: 2019:Deutsche Welle 2005: 1990: 1973:"Race Records" 1963: 1948: 1936: 1910: 1903: 1879: 1850: 1819: 1801: 1788: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1779: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1760:Red-eye flight 1757: 1752: 1747: 1739: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1727: 1726: 1708: 1686: 1660:Indian Pacific 1614: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1589:couchette cars 1566: 1563: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1524: 1509: 1455: 1452: 1450:arrangements. 1432: 1429: 1419: 1412: 1411: 1407: 1400: 1399: 1395: 1388: 1387: 1386: 1385: 1384: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1296: 1236: 1233: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1163: 1162:United Kingdom 1160: 1144:Optima Express 1092: 1089: 1031:tilting trains 1013: 1010: 973: 970: 961: 958: 946:Northern Italy 937: 934: 924:couchette cars 915: 912: 899: 898:Czech Republic 896: 866: 863: 845:in Russia, or 843:Siemens Sapsan 775: 772: 768:Czech Republic 696: 693: 577: 574: 560: 557: 539: 536: 530: 527: 506: 503: 489: 486: 472: 469: 411: 408: 330:Pullman porter 325: 322: 267:Panama Limited 229:George Pullman 159: 156: 145:George Pullman 107: 106: 67:of the subject 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December 1977:www.pbs.org 1776:Waltersburg 1243:Bedroom of 1212:Mk5 coaches 1055:Switzerland 904:České dráhy 740:Netherlands 732:Switzerland 674:Xavier Niel 352: 1944 318:jet airline 277:Super Chief 218:Grand Trunk 2972:Categories 2614:Model Rail 2536:2020-03-28 2416:Kompas.com 2397:2017-09-07 2355:2020-06-07 2331:2020-06-07 2293:2024-02-18 2268:2024-02-18 2146:2024-06-05 2056:CNN travel 1983:5 December 1873:2013-05-23 1844:2008-05-28 1737:Auto Train 1467:Cassiopeia 1343:high-speed 1320:provincial 1260:Superliner 1196:as far as 1016:In Spain, 940:In Italy, 920:Train Bleu 827:Kazakhstan 790:A Russian 714:'s modern 642:, and the 633:Train Bleu 544:Superliner 274:, and the 180:Lancashire 2936:Motorized 2861:Passenger 2826:Couchette 2773:Horse car 2631:173324502 2623:1369-5118 2558:(1985) . 2392:TripSavvy 2374:nextshark 1745:(railcar) 1697:Melbourne 1613:Australia 1528:Indonesia 1522:Takamatsu 1448:couchette 1379:Guangzhou 1363:couchette 1328:bunk beds 1288:Roomettes 1280:Baltimore 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