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Slovene minority in Italy

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1244: 1152: 1423: 605: 1211:. In 1947, after World War II, a new border between Italy and Yugoslavia was drawn, dividing the Julian March between the two states. The border was artificial, insofar as it was not based on any significant historical or geographical divides. In many cases, the border separated families and ran through fields and estates. All these reasons contributed to the strong connection between the Slovenes who remained in Italy with their counterparts that were annexed to Yugoslavia. 1164: 142: 436:. They have a wide net of cultural and civic associations. The Slovene language is co-official in many of the municipalities with presence of the Slovene minority, and visual bilingualism is applied in most of the non-urban settlements with traditional Slovene presence. However, the implementation of these rights largely depends on the local administrations; thus, the situation varies significantly from area to area. 2511: 2901: 544: 25: 2889: 2467: 1308:
For long, the identity of the local Slovenes was mostly a linguistic and, to an extent, an ethnic one, but not a national one. The Slovenes of these areas lacked any form of collective minority or linguistic rights until the year 2000, when the Law for the Defense of the Slovene-Speaking Minority was
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Today the Slovene minority is present in 32 municipalities in the region: 6 in the Province of Trieste, 6 in the Province of Gorizia and 20 in the Province of Udine. In 16 of them, they are the majority of the population. In addition to these, since the early 1920s, the Slovenes have been immigrating
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Besides members of the Slovene ethnic minority, there are also notable Italians with a Slovene descendent background. Italian naturalized citizens of Slovenian background are also usually not considered to be part of the Slovene autochthonous minority, unless they reside in the areas of traditional
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which means “The Littoral Daily”. Between the 1940s and 1960s, the Slovenes from the Provinces of Gorizia and Trieste established the infrastructure of minority organizations that now serve the needs of the whole minority. They have enjoyed a certain degree of cultural autonomy (the most important
1465:. According to Italian and regional legislation, Resians are considered as part of the Slovene minority in Italy; however, there are strong local movements that oppose identification with Slovenes and Slovene language, and defend a separate Resian identity. 1225:
feature being the education system in Slovene) since 1945, and they have maintained strong relations with Slovenia, especially with the neighboring border areas of the Slovenian Littoral. In 1986 the Slovenian community founded the football club
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are sometimes considered as a fourth group, due to their specific linguistic features and separate identity; nevertheless, they share a common history, as well as similar cultural and linguistic features with the Slovenes from Venetian Slovenia.
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The Slovene language is officially recognized in the following 32 municipalities, even though in many of these muncicipalities the presence of the Slovene minority is very small, representing as little as 2% of the population in some areas:
483:. In the aftermath of World War II, their integration in the Italian state was slow and difficult: much of the anti-Slav Fascist legislation (for example, the forced Italianization of family names) remained valid, and in the context of the 1372:
speakers. In 1918, after the end of World War I, the valley was occupied by the Italian Army, and in 1919 it was officially annexed to Italy. In the 1920s and 1930s, many Italians were settled in this area, which bordered both Austria and
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The Slovene minority in Italy is highly differentiated along geographic, cultural-historical, identity and linguistic lines. In cultural-historical terms, three separate groups can be differentiated: the Slovenes of the
406:. Estimates of their number vary significantly; the official figures show 52,194 Slovenian speakers in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, as per the 1971 census, but Slovenian estimates speak of 83,000 to 100,000 people. 1290:). The history of these areas has been strongly linked to the history of Friuli. Unlike most other ethnic Slovene territories (including the areas of Gorizia and Trieste), this region was part of the 409:
The Slovene minority in Italy enjoys legal protection of its collective rights, guaranteed by the Italian constitution and specific legislation, as well as by international treaties (especially the
530:, a suffix) tends to be used mostly for the Slovenes in Italy. This term is often used also by the Slovenes in Italy themselves, and it is considered a neutral and politically correct term. 1214:
Until the 1950s and 1960s, the Slovenes from the Provinces of Gorizia and Trieste frequently referred to themselves as Littoral Slovenes. Since the 1960s, this identification with the
510:). This is still the way the term is used by state institutions in Slovenia. However, because alternative terms exist for the Slovene minorities in Austria and Hungary, the term 1183:, and in the 19th century they actively participated in the Slovene national revival. Between 1849 and 1918, they were part of the Austrian administrative region known as 2435:["Ta Rožina Dolina" Between Two Fires: a Look at the Historical Reasons for the Divided Cultural Identity in Resia and a Brief Description of Today's Conflicts]. 2648: 447:
The denomination “Slovenes in Italy” is preferred to “Italian Slovenes” or “Slovene Italians” due to historical reasons and reasons of identity. The Slovenes of the
1368:. According to the last Austrian census of 1910, the valley had around 9,000 inhabitants, among whom around a third were Slovene speakers, with the remainder 1138:(in the Province of Udine). Each of these three groups has had a significantly different history, which resulted in different identities. The Slovenes in the 752:, and others). The former are nowadays considered members of the Slovene minority and thus enjoy certain collective minority rights, while the latter do not. 2931: 2773: 2499: 1349:). Most of the local Slovenes live in the first two, representing around half of the population in Malborghetto Valbruna and a lower percentage in Tarvisio. 2433:"»Ta rožina dolina« med dvema ognjema: pogled na zgodovinske razloge za razdeljeno kulturno identiteto v Reziji in kratek opis današnjih konfliktov" 565: 42: 2561: 2344: 1218:
has faded, but it can still be traced in the names of certain institutions, most notably in the title of the Slovene daily newspaper of Trieste, called
1243: 2641: 1457:. Due to its specific phonetic features and archaic grammar, Resian is not mutually intelligible with standard Slovene and with most other 2477: 89: 2471: 1473:
Notable Slovenes, who were either born in what is today Italy, or who spent a considerable part of their lives in these area, include:
1389:. New settlers from other parts of Italy gradually took their place, which significantly altered the ethnic composition of the valley. 670:. Slovene immigrants living in other parts of Italy are not considered as members of the minority. Slovenes live along the border with 439:
Both Italy and Slovenia promote Slovene culture in Friuli-Venezia Giulia through subsidies for Slovene associations and organizations.
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was also applied to ethnic Germans in the area; as a consequence, most of the German-speaking population was resettled to neighboring
502:. Initially, this term referred to all Slovene minorities residing outside Yugoslavia (in addition to the Slovenes in Italy, also the 330: 61: 487:, the Slovene minority was regarded by many political parties, as well as by segments of State institutions, as a potential Yugoslav 591: 108: 1192: 2492: 1767:, abstract painter, scenographer, graphic designer and former director of The Slovenian Cultural and Economic Union, from Trieste 1301:
region in 1866, that is, half a century before the Slovenes of Gorizia and Trieste, who remained under Austrian rule until after
68: 2921: 2634: 2432: 569: 499: 46: 75: 260: 2879: 2349: 2326:, politician, former Deputy Prime Minister of Italy (1996-1998), and Mayor of Rome, 2001-2008 (Slovene grandfather from 2229: 1378: 1408:). There has been a revival of Slovene language in these villages after 1990, with a focus on the younger generations. 2926: 2485: 2233: 57: 689:
a thin strip of territory along the border with Slovenia in the Province of Gorizia, including some neighborhoods of
554: 498:(literally, 'Slovenes beyond the border') started to be used by the Yugoslav press and institutions, especially in 242: 1294:
for around 350 years (hence the name of the region). During that period, they enjoyed a large degree of autonomy.
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The Slovenes living in the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia shared, until 1918, the same history with most other
265: 125: 2840: 460: 1357: 888: 793: 2411:(Kartografsko gradivo) / Inštitut za geografijo, Geografski inštitut Antona Melika. Ljubljana: Rokus, 2001. 1588: 2831: 2657: 1640: 1204: 1045: 323: 2671: 2274:(stage name of Giorgio Gaberscik), singer, songwriter and performer, father of Slovene descent (from the 2153: 1422: 1374: 1334: 655: 609: 391: 2743: 1667: 82: 1791: 1482: 604: 2865: 2824: 2814: 2763: 2354: 1930: 1832: 1780: 1764: 1737:, painter, illustrator, cartoonist, caricaturist, inventor, children's writer and author from Trieste 1031: 878: 251: 1988:, Slovene anti-Fascist immigrant from Trieste; physicist, political activist and public intellectual 1950: 1709: 1364:. The local Slovene speakers shared the same history, traditions and linguistic features with other 2697: 2615: 2599: 2534: 2529: 2444: 2412: 2027: 1979: 1956: 1918: 1862: 1856: 1850: 1810: 1692: 1594: 1318: 1135: 923: 898: 838: 720: 663: 659: 503: 456: 452: 399: 395: 304: 208: 179: 169: 164: 1940: 1868: 1797: 1770: 1630: 1531: 2793: 2717: 2594: 2549: 2544: 2539: 1962: 1953:, Slovene-Croat anti-Fascist insurrectionist from Trieste, executed by the Fascist regime in 1930 1899: 1826: 1705: 1506: 1500: 1365: 1361: 1215: 848: 507: 476: 217: 199: 184: 159: 2021: 1997: 1746: 1740: 1650: 1604: 741: 2403:
Zupančič, Jernej (author), Orožen Adamič, Milan (photographer), Filipič, Hanzi (photographer):
2009: 2003: 1944: 1461:. Historically and culturally (as well as linguistically), Resia could be considered a part of 2753: 2748: 2693: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2327: 2297: 2165: 2100: 2057: 2051: 1758: 1535: 1462: 1386: 1322: 1291: 1287: 1238: 1220: 1184: 1180: 1163: 1131: 701: 667: 629: 619: 429: 410: 403: 316: 286: 194: 174: 2798: 2788: 2768: 2688: 2515: 2313: 2225: 2219: 2207: 2149: 2106: 2069: 2063: 2045: 1752: 1458: 1298: 1267: 1255: 1226: 683: 647: 638: 433: 375: 367: 355: 347: 281: 149: 1203:). They shared the same fate as other Slovenes in the Julian March: they were subjected to 2905: 2701: 2323: 2307: 2291: 2213: 2088: 2039: 1776: 1686: 1548: 1392:
Nowadays, Slovene is still spoken in several villages in the valley, especially Valbruna (
1369: 418: 237: 2265: 2112: 2094: 1985: 1924: 1785: 1734: 1829:, Left-wing politician, Italian Senator (2001-2006), and Government official (2006-2008) 2783: 2727: 2375: 2281: 2191: 2033: 1975: 1876: 1872: 1844: 1673: 1636: 1624: 1582: 1525: 1454: 1427: 763: 480: 414: 291: 232: 2915: 2778: 2758: 2681: 2676: 2271: 2159: 2130: 2075: 1820: 1644: 1494: 1442: 1417: 1279: 1168: 1156: 723:
in the Province of Udine, in the north-easternmost part of Italy, on the border with
709: 222: 2416: 2893: 2819: 2712: 2448: 2331: 2259: 2239: 2197: 2171: 2136: 2124: 1991: 1921:, anti-Fascist insurrectionist from Trieste, executed by the Fascist regime in 1930 1882: 1838: 1721: 1616: 1572: 1431: 1382: 1196: 1139: 1127: 713: 678:
the hinterland territory of the Province of Trieste (except for the town center of
488: 472: 464: 448: 1569:, Slovenia, but lived in Gorizia between 1920 and 1943, and in Trieste, 1945–1952) 2836: 2249: 2118: 1905: 1715: 1681: 1620: 1610: 1562: 1519: 1488: 1302: 543: 413:
of 1954), and bilateral agreements initially stipulated first between Italy and
227: 24: 479:, and between 1945 and 1947, many of them actively supported the annexation to 2275: 1578: 1297:
The Slovenes in this area were annexed to Italy together with the rest of the
1021: 868: 737: 2310:(born as Giuseppe Pogatschnig), Italian architect (father of Slovene descent) 1927:, composer and Catholic activist from Gorizia, assassinated by Fascist squads 1274:) is the traditional name for Slovene-speaking areas in the valleys of upper 2015: 1556: 971: 773: 749: 2243: 2466: 394:. The vast majority of members of the Slovene ethnic minority live in the 390:
ethnic and linguistic minority living in the Italian autonomous region of
2860: 2626: 2510: 1959:, Communist activist from Trieste, executed by the Fascist regime in 1941 1598: 1342: 1326: 1275: 1176: 1109: 1099: 1089: 1001: 991: 957: 943: 933: 705: 671: 484: 463:
of 1920. In the late 1920s and 1930s, many of them supported underground
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Slovene settlement and partake in the community life of the minority.
2705: 2376:"Ethnic Structure of Slovenia and Slovenes in Neighbouring Countries" 2262:, football player (family of Slovene descent, from Venetian Slovenia) 1823:, Sociologist and Center left politician, Italian senator (1992-1997) 1566: 1450: 1435: 1283: 783: 733: 697: 679: 2300:, Italian nationalist activist and irredentist (Slovene mother from 1859:, Liberal Nationalist politician, Member of the Austrian Parliament 2844: 2285: 1654: 1421: 1242: 1162: 1150: 981: 745: 603: 383: 1934: 1208: 468: 2630: 2481: 1325:. The valley is currently divided among three municipalities: 537: 18: 654:
The Slovene minority in Italy lives in the autonomous region
1933:, national liberal activist from Trieste, co-founder of the 1195:
administration and were included in the region known as the
1179:: by the end of the 15th century, they were included in the 2216:, basketball player (Slovene family from Venetian Slovenia) 1676:, photographer and camera operator from Trieste, killed in 1229:, which locates its fan base among the Slovenes in Italy. 1130:(the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia), the Slovenes from 2194:, film director and author (Slovene parents from Gorizia) 2174:, Enlightenment figure and entrepreneur, born in Trieste 1491:, Slovenian-Croatian theatre director (born in Gorizia) 428:
Since 1945, the Slovenes in Italy have enjoyed partial
2115:, former basketball player for the Italy national team 2877: 2385:. Association of the Geographic Societies of Slovenia 1813:, Christian Democratic politician, Italian member in 2162:, pioneer aviator, born in Trieste, lived in Gorizia 2807: 2736: 2664: 2608: 2572: 2522: 49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1865:, Christian Democratic politician and entrepreneur 1708:, musician from Venetian Slovenia, founder of the 475:large portions of the population took part in the 1947:(Trieste), executed by the Fascist regime in 1930 1841:, Conservative politician, journalist and teacher 674:. Their traditional area of settlement includes: 2252:, politician (Slovene maternal grandfather from 1853:, Socialist politician, and trade union activist 1653:, poet and Catholic political activist (born in 700:in the Province of Udine, known historically as 2222:, Mayor of Trieste (since 2010), Slovene mother 1908:, psychiatrist, psychotherapist, and politician 1522:, Slovene-Swedish graphic designer from Trieste 2156:naval officier, military hero, born in Gorizia 1913:Resistance fighters and anti-Fascist activists 1453:speak a specific dialect of Slovene, known as 1360:. Since the Middle Ages, it was a part of the 2642: 2493: 324: 8: 2294:, psychologist (Slovene mother from Trieste) 2187:Famous Italians of Slovene descent include: 1639:, writer, essayist and translator (born in 1538:architect, born in Santa Croce near Trieste 572:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 421:of 1975), and since 1991 between Italy and 2649: 2635: 2627: 2500: 2486: 2478: 2284:, screenwriter and film director (born in 1994:, jurist, legal theorist (born in Trieste) 1800:, painter and graphic artist, from Trieste 331: 317: 120: 2012:, historian (lived and worked in Gorizia) 1689:(born in Ljubljana, but lived in Trieste) 1528:, Slovene-Austrian architect from Trieste 744:, and to larger Friulian cities (such as 592:Learn how and when to remove this message 386:citizens who belong to the autochthonous 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 2316:, theatre director (Slovene mother from 2210:, musician (Slovene mother from Trieste) 2168:, author, amateur historian from Gorizia 1885:, Liberal politician, Italian member in 1670:, Slovenian journalist (born in Trieste) 1601:, but lived, worked and died in Trieste) 1155:Some Basovizza residents in traditional 459:) became Italian citizens only with the 2884: 2366: 2066:, theologian and poet (born in Gorizia) 1187:, and were known as Littoral Slovenes ( 273: 250: 207: 148: 132: 1755:, neo-historicist painter from Gorizia 1718:, Slovenian composer (born in Trieste) 1643:, Slovenia, but living and working in 1633:, writer (lived and worked in Trieste) 2345:Slovene minority in Italy (1920–1947) 2054:, sociologist and writer from Trieste 2030:, economist and essayist from Gorizia 1591:, writer and mountaineer from Trieste 1321:in the north-easternmost part of the 732:to the industrial areas of the lower 682:, which was until 1945 a homogeneous 7: 2268:, basketball player (Slovenian-born) 2042:, literary scholar (born in Gorizia) 1943:, anti-Fascist insurrectionist from 1503:, comedian and director from Trieste 736:valley, to the lowland areas around 570:adding citations to reliable sources 47:adding citations to reliable sources 2932:Italian people of Slovenian descent 1902:, psychotherapist, poet, and author 1247:Bilingual Italian-Slovene signs in 696:the mountainous area of north-east 451:or Venezia Giulia (the present-day 432:, including an education system in 2242:, pedagogue and activist (born in 2060:, anthropologist (born in Trieste) 1887:Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy 1835:, Liberal politician and organizer 1815:Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy 1749:, avant-garde painter from Trieste 1317:Around 3,000 Slovenes live in the 1309:passed by the Italian Parliament. 14: 2383:Slovenia: a geographical overview 1965:, Communist activist from Trieste 1788:, classicist painter from Gorizia 1743:, Classicist painter from Gorizia 2899: 2887: 2509: 2465: 2374:Zupančič, Jernej (August 2004). 1761:, modernist painter from Gorizia 1657:, but lived and died in Trieste) 542: 140: 23: 2665:Historical minority communities 2228:, politician, president of the 2024:, ethnologist (born in Trieste) 1773:, abstract painter from Trieste 1724:, accordion player from Trieste 1687:Demetrio Volcic/Dimitrij Volčič 1352:Until 1918, the Canale Valley ( 1191:). After 1918, they came under 1147:Slovenes of Trieste and Gorizia 1121:Ethnic and territorial identity 34:needs additional citations for 1978:, Yugoslav economist (born in 1: 2078:, historian (born in Trieste) 2018:, historian (born in Gorizia) 1477:Actors, directors and showmen 2236:, 1998-2000 (Slovene father) 2230:Communist Refoundation Party 2200:, actor (Slovene-born, from 1847:, Social Democrat politician 1585:, lived mostly in Ljubljana) 1497:, US actor (born in Trieste) 1396:), Camporosso in Valcanale ( 1379:South Tyrol Option Agreement 1134:, and the Slovenes from the 824:In the Province of Gorizia: 759:In the Province of Trieste: 352:slovenska manjšina v Italiji 2737:Ethno-linguistic minorities 2431:Valentinčič, Dejan (2016). 2288:, Slovenia, Slovene mother) 2246:, Slovenia, Slovene mother) 2234:Party of Italian Communists 2179:Italians of Slovene descent 1695:, sport anchor from Trieste 1619:, writer and essayist from 360:minoranza slovena in Italia 58:"Slovene minority in Italy" 2953: 2409:Nacionalni atlas Slovenije 2006:, philosopher from Trieste 1415: 1236: 909:In the Province of Udine: 477:Yugoslav partisan movement 2855: 2472:Slovene minority in Italy 2103:, athlete (javelin throw) 1779:, modernist painter from 1495:George Dolenz/Jure Dolenc 1469:Notable Slovenes in Italy 658:, more precisely, in the 344:Slovene minority in Italy 2350:Italy–Slovenia relations 2072:, historian from Trieste 2048:, historian from Trieste 2000:, historian from Trieste 1871:, Communist politician, 1514:Architects and designers 1209:pro-Yugoslav irredentism 1794:, painter, from Trieste 1575:, writer and translator 1441:The inhabitants of the 1358:Austro-Hungarian Empire 889:San Floriano del Collio 794:San Dorligo della Valle 382:) is the name given to 2922:Ethnic groups in Italy 2658:Ethnic groups in Italy 1641:Loka pri Zidanem Mostu 1485:, actress from Trieste 1438: 1313:Canale Valley Slovenes 1271: 1259: 1251: 1205:Fascist Italianization 1172: 1160: 1159:dress at a celebration 1046:San Pietro al Natisone 651: 534:Geographical extension 379: 371: 359: 351: 274:Languages and dialects 1613:, writer from Trieste 1425: 1404:), and San Leopoldo ( 1335:Malborghetto Valbruna 1246: 1207:, which gave rise to 1166: 1154: 656:Friuli-Venezia Giulia 610:Friuli-Venezia Giulia 607: 494:After 1947, the term 392:Friuli-Venezia Giulia 16:Ethnic group in Italy 2866:Immigration to Italy 2825:Jews of San Nicandro 2808:Scattered minorities 2474:at Wikimedia Commons 2355:Italians in Slovenia 2232:(1991-1998) and the 1680:with the journalist 1565:, writer (born near 1339:Naborjet - Ovčja vas 879:Ronchi dei Legionari 660:provinces of Trieste 566:improve this section 453:Provinces of Trieste 396:Provinces of Trieste 43:improve this article 2097:, volleyball player 2036:, ethnomusicologist 1811:Engelbert Besednjak 1607:, poet from Trieste 1595:Jovan Vesel Koseski 1449:) in north-western 1366:Carinthian Slovenes 1254:Venetian Slovenia ( 924:Cividale del Friuli 504:Carinthian Slovenes 305:History of Slovenia 209:Culture of Slovenia 2927:Slovenian diaspora 2718:Lombards of Sicily 2407:. In publication: 1900:Alenka Rebula Tuta 1555:, lived mostly in 1551:, writer (born in 1439: 1426:Bilingual Italian- 1381:between Italy and 1362:Duchy of Carinthia 1356:) was part of the 1286:(currently in the 1282:rivers in eastern 1252: 1216:Slovenian Littoral 1189:Primorski Slovenci 1173: 1161: 849:Dolegna del Collio 708:Valley, the upper 686:urban settlement); 652: 508:Hungarian Slovenes 372:Slovenci v Italiji 2875: 2874: 2848: 2828: 2709: 2685: 2624: 2623: 2470:Media related to 2405:Slovenci po svetu 2298:Guglielmo Oberdan 2109:, football player 2101:Claudia Coslovich 1781:Gradisca d'Isonzo 1536:Slovene Argentine 1463:Venetian Slovenia 1430:road sign in the 1323:Province of Udine 1292:Venetian Republic 1288:Province of Udine 1260:Beneška Slovenija 1239:Venetian Slovenia 1233:Venetian Slovenia 1221:Primorski dnevnik 1185:Austrian Littoral 1181:Habsburg monarchy 1171:issued in Trieste 1132:Venetian Slovenia 704:, comprising the 702:Venetian Slovenia 602: 601: 594: 512:zamejski Slovenci 496:zamejski Slovenci 461:Treaty of Rapallo 430:cultural autonomy 411:London Memorandum 380:sloveni in Italia 364:Slovenes in Italy 362:), also known as 341: 340: 287:Prekmurje Slovene 261:Roman Catholicism 119: 118: 111: 93: 2944: 2937:Italian Slovenes 2904: 2903: 2902: 2892: 2891: 2890: 2883: 2834: 2822: 2764:Franco-Provençal 2691: 2679: 2651: 2644: 2637: 2628: 2516:Slovene diaspora 2514: 2513: 2502: 2495: 2488: 2479: 2469: 2453: 2452: 2439:(in Slovenian). 2428: 2422: 2421: 2401: 2395: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2380: 2371: 2314:Giorgio Strehler 2226:Armando Cossutta 2220:Roberto Cosolini 2208:Marco Castellani 2139:, racing cyclist 2127:, football coach 2107:Lorenzo Crisetig 2070:Marta Verginella 2064:Vladimir Truhlar 1980:Doberdò del Lago 1894:Psychotherapists 1792:Edvard Stepančič 1753:Gojmir Anton Kos 1655:Miren (Slovenia) 1597:, poet (born in 1581:, poet (born in 1483:Miranda Caharija 1459:Slovene dialects 903:Sovodnje ob Soči 899:Savogna d'Isonzo 839:Doberdò del Lago 712:Valley, and the 645: 636: 627: 617: 597: 590: 586: 583: 577: 546: 538: 467:groups, such as 417:(especially the 333: 326: 319: 144: 121: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2943: 2942: 2941: 2912: 2911: 2910: 2900: 2898: 2888: 2886: 2878: 2876: 2871: 2870: 2851: 2803: 2732: 2702:South Tyroleans 2660: 2655: 2625: 2620: 2604: 2568: 2562:interwar period 2518: 2508: 2506: 2462: 2457: 2456: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2419: 2402: 2398: 2388: 2386: 2378: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2341: 2324:Walter Veltroni 2308:Giuseppe Pagano 2292:Gaetano Kanizsa 2214:Roberto Chiacig 2181: 2146: 2121:, triple jumper 2089:Arianna Bogatec 2085: 2040:Avgust Pirjevec 1998:Boris M. Gombač 1972: 1915: 1896: 1833:Ivan Marija Čok 1807: 1747:Avgust Černigoj 1731: 1702: 1668:Jurij Gustinčič 1664: 1605:Miroslav Košuta 1549:Vladimir Bartol 1545: 1516: 1479: 1471: 1420: 1414: 1377:. In 1939, the 1354:Kanalska dolina 1315: 1241: 1235: 1149: 1123: 1050:Špeter Slovenov 853:Dolenje v Brdih 768:Devin-Nabrežina 684:Istrian Italian 650: 643: 641: 634: 632: 625: 623: 622: 615: 598: 587: 581: 578: 563: 547: 536: 445: 419:Treaty of Osimo 337: 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2950: 2948: 2940: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2914: 2913: 2909: 2908: 2896: 2873: 2872: 2869: 2868: 2863: 2857: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2850: 2849: 2829: 2817: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2801: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2740: 2738: 2734: 2733: 2731: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2686: 2674: 2668: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2656: 2654: 2653: 2646: 2639: 2631: 2622: 2621: 2619: 2618: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2605: 2603: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2576: 2574: 2570: 2569: 2567: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2554: 2553: 2552: 2547: 2537: 2532: 2526: 2524: 2520: 2519: 2507: 2505: 2504: 2497: 2490: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2461: 2460:External links 2458: 2455: 2454: 2423: 2396: 2365: 2364: 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1659: 1658: 1648: 1634: 1628: 1625:Duino-Aurisina 1614: 1608: 1602: 1592: 1589:Dušan Jelinčič 1586: 1583:Duino-Aurisina 1576: 1570: 1560: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1529: 1526:Boris Podrecca 1523: 1515: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1504: 1498: 1492: 1486: 1478: 1475: 1470: 1467: 1416:Main article: 1413: 1410: 1314: 1311: 1237:Main article: 1234: 1231: 1201:Venezia Giulia 1148: 1145: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1117: 1107: 1097: 1087: 1077: 1067: 1057: 1043: 1029: 1019: 1009: 999: 989: 979: 969: 955: 941: 931: 921: 907: 906: 896: 886: 876: 866: 856: 846: 836: 822: 821: 811: 801: 791: 781: 771: 764:Duino-Aurisina 729: 728: 717: 694: 687: 642: 633: 624: 614: 613: 600: 599: 550: 548: 541: 535: 532: 444: 441: 339: 338: 336: 335: 328: 321: 313: 310: 309: 308: 307: 299: 298: 297: 296: 295: 294: 289: 276: 275: 271: 270: 269: 268: 263: 255: 254: 248: 247: 246: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 212: 211: 205: 204: 203: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 177: 172: 167: 162: 154: 153: 146: 145: 137: 136: 130: 129: 117: 116: 31: 29: 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Tomažič 1955: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1919:Ferdo Bidovec 1917: 1916: 1912: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1893: 1888: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1869:Mitja Ribičič 1867: 1864: 1863:Bogumil Remec 1861: 1858: 1857:Ivan Nabergoj 1855: 1852: 1851:Rudolf Golouh 1849: 1846: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1821:Darko Bratina 1819: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1808: 1804: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1707: 1704: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1693:Sergio Tavčar 1691: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1649: 1646: 1645:Villa Opicina 1642: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1631:Josip Ribičič 1629: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1547: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1532:Viktor Sulčič 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1517: 1513: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1476: 1474: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1418:Resia, Friuli 1411: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1400:), Ugovizza ( 1399: 1395: 1390: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1350: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1319:Canale Valley 1312: 1310: 1306: 1304: 1300: 1295: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1272:Slavia Veneta 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1232: 1230: 1228: 1223: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1170: 1169:identity card 1165: 1158: 1153: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1136:Canale Valley 1133: 1129: 1120: 1115: 1111: 1108: 1105: 1101: 1098: 1095: 1091: 1088: 1085: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1023: 1020: 1017: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1003: 1000: 997: 993: 990: 987: 983: 980: 977: 973: 970: 967: 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279: 278: 277: 272: 267: 266:Protestantism 264: 262: 259: 258: 257: 256: 253: 249: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 215: 214: 213: 210: 206: 201: 198: 196: 195:United States 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 157: 156: 155: 151: 147: 143: 139: 138: 135: 131: 127: 123: 122: 113: 110: 102: 99:February 2016 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: –  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 2820:Italian Jews 2722: 2556: 2440: 2436: 2426: 2420:(in Slovene) 2408: 2404: 2399: 2387:. 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