661:, and in some other countries. Competitions are again generally held at six successive levels of difficulty: Bronze (beginning), Silver (intermediate), Gold (advanced), Novice, Pre-Championship, and Championship. The Bronze, Silver, and Gold levels are restricted levels in which the permitted set of figures is restricted by rules – very similar but not identical – published by the sponsoring organization. The Novice, Pre-Championship, and Championship levels are open levels at which novel, original choreography is permitted and even encouraged. At the Bronze level, only American Social Style is allowed; this is enforced by rules that require closing the feet at the end of each figure. Either Social or Continuity Style may be employed at the Silver level and higher, but Continuity Style is generally expected. There are multiple, alternative instructional and competitive syllabi published by various organizations, which are compatible to varying degrees with the competitive rule sets.
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counts), an open twinkle (four counts), an open right turn (four counts), an open impetus (a/k/a hairpin) (four counts), and a continuity ending (four counts), returning to the start of the sequence. Other figures based upon the same rhythm include the serpentine (a/k/a progressive twinkles) with open footwork; the curved running steps; the outside swivel; the pivot from promenade; and the natural fallaway. Many of these figures may be executed in a variety of positions: for instance, the serpentine may be executed in closed position, open position, or shadow position, with the man facing either forwards or backwards. Many of these figures may be further embellished by underarm turns, especially when changing from one dance position to another. Variations upon this basic rhythm may employ four quick steps (quick, quick, quick, quick) as in the grapevine and the second measure of the weave, or syncopation (slow, quick-and-quick quick) as in the chassé.
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convention that every figure begins in closed position with the man stepping on his left foot. Examples include: the forward and reverse box, the left and right box turns, the closed twinkle with promenade close ending, the fallaway twinkles (16 counts), the promenade twinkles (16 counts), and the serpentine (progressive twinkles) with closed footwork. A few, such as the grapevine, utilize a faster rhythm consisting of four quicks. Most of these eight-count figures resemble corresponding figures in the waltz, with the rhythm modified by extending the first step of each figure to occupy two counts. Again, many of these figures can be further embellished by underarm turns.
646:, its local affiliates, and other organizations. Competitions are generally held at six successive levels of difficulty: Bronze (beginning), Silver (intermediate), Gold (advanced), Novice, Pre-Championship, and Championship. The Bronze, Silver, and Gold levels are syllabus levels: that is, for each level there is a prescribed syllabus of figures from which the competitor is expected to select. The Novice, Pre-Championship, and Championship levels are open levels at which novel, original choreography is permitted and even encouraged. The competitive dance syllabi are defined and tightly controlled by the
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feet at the end of each figure, rather than closing them. Consequently, dancers progress much more rapidly around the room, in a smooth, continuous manner that gives the style its name. It differs from the
International Style in that body contact is optional. This permits the dance partners to assume a much wider variety of positions and, therefore, to execute many types of figures that are not possible in the International Style. As American Continuity Style is expected in Silver Level American Style dance competitions and above, this style is sometimes also known as "American Silver Foxtrot".
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American style. Dancers concentrate on creating an image of a smooth, gliding motion around the dance floor. The use of body contact makes it possible to execute very tight turns, which is further enhanced by the extensive use of heel turns. This use of heel turns, and the effort required to produce the desired gliding motion, give
International Style Foxtrot a reputation as being perhaps the most difficult of all ballroom dances to execute well.
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open slightly in a vee; open position (a two-hand hold with the arms extending forward sideways); and shadow position (in which both partners face the same direction, rather than each other). Partners may even separate completely for short periods of time. "Lines", in which the partners form and hold a special shape for a short period of time, also play an important role. Examples include the oversway, the chair, the check.
364:, would slowly play "The Memphis Blues". The Castles were intrigued by the rhythm, and Jim asked why they didn't create a slow dance to go with it. The Castles introduced what they then called the "Bunny Hug" in a magazine article. Shortly after, they went abroad and, in mid-ocean, sent a wireless to the magazine to change the name of the dance from "Bunny Hug" to "Foxtrot." It was subsequently standardized by
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dance. Its defining feature is that the dancers close their feet at the end of almost every figure, as opposed to passing their feet as in the other two styles. As a result, the dancers progress fairly slowly around the room, and some figures can even be danced in place. Furthermore, almost every figure begins in much the same position, with the two partners facing each other squarely in the
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503:(four counts), natural turn (four counts) with impetus (four count) and feather finish (four count), connecting again to a reverse turn. However, rhythmic variation is used to make up for the loss of variety in figures and positions: thus, for example, the weave uses four quick steps in a single measure, while the change of direction uses a two-measure sequence of four slow steps.
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413:" respectively. In the slow category, further distinctions exist between the International or English style of the foxtrot, and the American continuity style, both built around a slow-quick-quick rhythm at the slowest tempo, and the social American style using a slow-slow-quick-quick rhythm at a somewhat faster pace. In the context of
490:, with the rhythm modified by extending the first step of each figure to occupy two counts. Some, like the open twinkles, are direct developments of the corresponding Social Foxtrot figures in which the footwork has been modified by passing the feet at the end of the figure instead of closing the feet; others are entirely different.
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the frame formed by the arms. Hence, the potential social awkwardness of body contact between partners who do not know each other well is avoided. As
American Social Style is the only style allowed in bronze (beginner) level American Style dance competition, this style is sometimes also known as "American Bronze Foxtrot".
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For many years, the
Guinness Book of World Records listed Haley's version as the top-selling pop record of all time with 25 million copies sold -- a record that stood until 1997 and which technically remains intact as Elton John's "Candle in the Wind" tribute to Princess Diana was issued a CD-single,
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Transitions from one dance position to another are an important aspect of the
American style. Commonly employed dance positions include normal (closed) position, in which the dancers face each other squarely with the man's right hand around the woman's back; promenade position, in which the partners
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The
American Continuity Style is widely employed in the United States as a competitive dance and as a base for formation dance and the performing arts. It is the style generally seen in American musical theater productions and in film. It differs from the social style in that the dancers pass their
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The six-count figures extend across one and a half measures of music, and utilize the rhythm slow (two counts), slow (two counts), quick (one count), quick (one count). Examples include: the basic movement forward and back, the alternating quarter turns (zig-zag), the rock turns right and left, the
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and the man starting on his left foot. Since each figure leads so easily and consistently in the next, it is fairly easy for the leader to string multiple figures together on the fly in an ever-changing sequence. Body contact is unnecessary and not generally expected; all figures can be led through
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Most figures are based upon four-count units with the rhythm slow (two counts), quick (one count), quick (one count), repeating in each measure. A basic dance sequence progressing around the room might employ a feather step (four counts), reverse turn with feather finish (eight counts), three step
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The
American Social Style was, and to some extent still is, widely employed in the United States as a social and party dance. It is particularly well suited to dancing in a crowded room, by partners who may or may not know each other well, and who may or may not have had much formal training in
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Three distinct styles of slow foxtrot are in common use among ballroom dancers today: the
American Social Style, the American Continuity Style, and the International Style. All three are partner dances in which the dancers progress around the dance floor in a counter-clockwise direction and are
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The
International (British) Style is widely employed in Europe and Great Britain as a social and competitive dance. Its defining characteristic is that partners must maintain body contact at all times. Consequently, the variety of possible figures and positions is much more limited than in the
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The eight-count figures extend across two measures of music and utilize the rhythm slow (two counts), quick (one count), quick (one count); slow (two counts), quick (one count), quick (one count). Most of them can be further decomposed into two four-count figures, although this would break the
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In the
American Continuity Style, most figures are based upon four-count units with the rhythm slow (two counts), quick (one count), quick (one count) repeating in each measure. A basic dance sequence progressing around the room in a straight line might consist of an open left box turn (eight
455:. Rock turns are used for changes of direction in corners and to avoid collisions. Both the rock turns and balance step can be danced entirely in place, if necessitated by crowded conditions. Many of these figures can be further embellished by underarm turns.
402:. Since that recording, by some estimates, went on to sell more than 25 million copies, "Rock Around the Clock" could be considered the biggest-selling "foxtrot" of all time. Today, the dance is customarily accompanied by the same big band music to which
379:. From the late 1910s through the 1940s, the foxtrot was the most popular fast dance, and the vast majority of records issued during these years were foxtrots. The waltz and tango, while popular, never overtook it. Even the popularity of the
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promenade, the promenade twist (12 counts), the promenade pivot (12 counts), and the sway step. Social dancers generally use the alternating quarter turns to progress in a zig-zag pattern around the room, alternating for variety with the
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and dance teacher Betty Lee, credit African American dancers as the source of the foxtrot. Castle saw the dance, which "had been danced by negroes, to his personal knowledge, for fifteen years, a certain exclusive colored club".
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Likewise, American Foxtrot is one of the four Modern Smooth dances that form the backbone of American Style Dance competitions held in the United States under the auspices of the
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330:, who gave the dance its signature grace and style. The origin of the name of the dance is unclear, although one theory is that it took its name from its popularizer, the
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category of ballroom dances, for some time the foxtrot was called "Slow Foxtrot", or "Slowfox". These names are still in use, to distinguish from other types of foxtrots.
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International Foxtrot is one of the five Standard dances that form the backbone of International Style Dance competitions held around the world under the auspices of the
466:. It is a four-count figure with the rhythm slow (two counts) quick-and-quick (two counts), that may be inserted between a closed twinkle and its promenade close ending.
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The American Social style uses both six-count and eight-count figures. The rhythmic alteration between the two is one of the few potential difficulties in the dance.
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International Style Foxtrot is the most tightly defined of all the Foxtrot styles, with instructional and competitive syllabi that are tightly controlled by the
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568:. Thus, it is possible to present the following list of International or English style foxtrot figures, although this is by no means an exhaustive list.
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first emerged in the early 1950s, record companies were uncertain as to what style of dance would be most applicable to the music. Notably,
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in the 1940s did not affect the foxtrot's popularity, since it could be danced to the same records used to accompany the Lindy hop.
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danced to much the same music. However, they differ significantly in technique, positions, and figures.
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characterized by long, continuous flowing movements across the dance floor. It is danced to
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Over time, the foxtrot split into slow and quick versions, referred to as "foxtrot" and "
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Many Continuity-Style Foxtrot figures are similar to those of American Continuity Style
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The dance was premiered in 1914, quickly catching the eye of the husband and wife duo
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A Compilation and Analysis of the Origins of the Foxtrot in White Mainstream America
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1178:(Rev. July 2015 ed.). National Dance Council of America. 2015. Archived from
922:(Rev. July 2015 ed.). National Dance Council of America. 2015. Archived from
813:(Rev. July 2015 ed.). National Dance Council of America. 2015. Archived from
731:(Master of Arts thesis). Brigham Young University Department of Dance. p. 18
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International Style Standard Syllabus: Beginning-Intermediate (Bronze) Foxtrot
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initially labeled its rock and roll releases as "foxtrots", most notably "
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American Style Smooth Syllabus: Beginning – Intermediate (Bronze) Foxtrot
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This article is about a type of ballroom dance. For other uses, see
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Paling's Annual No. 49. Sydney, N.S.W.: W. H. Paling, 1900. Print.
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International Style Standard Syllabus: Advanced I (Silver) Foxtrot
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International Style Standard Syllabus: Advanced II (Gold) Foxtrot
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348:("Father of the Blues") notes in his autobiography that his "
996:(10th ed.). London: A & C Black Publishers Limited.
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Moore, Alex; Imperial Society of Teachers of Dance (2002).
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American Style Smooth Syllabus: Advanced I (Silver) Foxtrot
266:(usually vocal) music. The dance is similar in its look to
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American Style Smooth Syllabus: Advanced II (Gold) Foxtrot
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368:, in whose version it began to imitate the positions of
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At its inception, the foxtrot was originally danced to
63:. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are
1208:(2015A.1 ed.). USA Dance, Inc. 2015. p. 7.
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1175:NDCA Approved Figures, Elements, and Restrictions
920:NDCA Approved Figures, Elements, and Restrictions
811:NDCA Approved Figures, Elements, and Restrictions
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900:Sochacki, Slawek; Stachura, Marzena (2013).
360:, Vernon and Irene Castle's music director,
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1149:Veyrasset, Victor; Smith, Heather (2008).
1134:Veyrasset, Victor; Smith, Heather (2008).
1119:Veyrasset, Victor; Smith, Heather (2008).
1092:Silver International Style Standard Manual
1078:Bronze International Style Standard Manual
902:American Style Smooth Foxtrot Choreography
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1058:. National Dance Council of America. 2013
1023:. National Dance Council of America. 2013
852:. National Dance Council of America. 2013
462:The only common syncopated figure is the
185:Learn how and when to remove this message
83:Learn how and when to remove this message
1106:Gold International Style Standard Manual
59:Relevant discussion may be found on the
916:"American Style Foxtrot – Silver Level"
807:"American Style Foxtrot – Bronze Level"
771:Frazer-Harrison, Alex (November 2010).
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648:Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing
566:Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing
974:Maranto, Jim; Maranto, Jenell (2008).
959:Maranto, Jim; Maranto, Jenell (2008).
885:Maranto, Jim; Maranto, Jenell (2008).
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705:Streetswing's Dance History Archives
644:International Dance Sport Federation
123:adding citations to reliable sources
1108:. Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision. 2015.
1094:. Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision. 2015.
1080:. Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision. 2015.
1052:"NDCA Silver International Foxtrot"
1017:"NDCA Bronze International Foxtrot"
948:. Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision. 2015.
946:American Style Smooth Silver Manual
874:. Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision. 2015.
872:American Style Smooth Bronze Manual
750:Handy, William Christopher (1941).
1153:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
1138:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
1123:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
978:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
963:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
904:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
889:(DVD). Las Vegas, NV: DanceVision.
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773:"'Rock Around the Clock' Tribute"
655:National Dance Council of America
550:Problems playing this file? See
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2044:Dance in mythology and religion
110:needs additional citations for
846:"NDCA Bronze American Foxtrot"
725:Hawkins, Christina M. (2002).
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1206:USA Dance Syllabus Guidebook
1202:"1.3 American Style Foxtrot"
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523:'True Blue' Foxtrot (1920)
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470:American Continuity Style
400:Bill Haley and His Comets
258:is a smooth, progressive
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32:Foxtrot (disambiguation)
777:Rockabilly Hall of Fame
540:Albert Bokhare Saunders
430:American Social Foxtrot
328:Vernon and Irene Castle
994:The Ballroom Technique
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447:is generally avoided.
415:International Standard
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756:. MacMillan. p.
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396:Rock Around the Clock
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2009:Dance and disability
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753:Father of the Blues
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362:James Reese Europe
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322:version of foxtrot
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1323:
1318:
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1290:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1280:List of dances
1277:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1217:External links
1215:
1212:
1211:
1193:
1165:
1156:
1141:
1126:
1111:
1097:
1083:
1069:
1034:
999:
981:
966:
951:
937:
907:
892:
877:
863:
828:
798:
763:
742:
717:
701:"The Fox Trot"
691:
690:
688:
685:
684:
683:
678:
673:
666:
663:
639:
636:
633:
632:
629:
626:
623:
622:Hover Telemark
620:
617:
614:
608:
605:
598:
596:
595:
594:Feather Finish
592:
591:Closed Impetus
589:
586:
583:
578:
571:
570:
561:
558:
547:
537:
526:
521:
520:
519:
510:
509:
508:
495:
492:
471:
468:
431:
428:
422:
419:
312:
309:
298:
290:time signature
280:
250:
249:
246:
242:
241:
232:
225:
224:Time signature
221:
220:
218:Ballroom dance
215:
211:
210:
193:
192:
107:
105:
98:
91:
90:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2127:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2079:Dancing mania
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2064:Dance science
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2039:Dance in film
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:Dance costume
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1959:United States
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
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1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1799:Faroe Islands
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
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1446:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1416:Neo-Burlesque
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1389:
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1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1321:open position
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1311:close embrace
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:Participation
1292:
1286:
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1260:
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986:
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829:
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764:
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746:
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721:
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686:
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679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
668:
664:
662:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
637:
630:
627:
624:
621:
619:Hover Feather
618:
616:Open Telemark
615:
613:
609:
606:
604:Natural Weave
603:
602:
601:
593:
590:
587:
584:
582:
579:
576:
575:
574:
573:Basic Figures
569:
567:
559:
555:
553:
541:
524:
507:
504:
500:
493:
491:
489:
484:
480:
476:
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454:
448:
446:
441:
438:
429:
427:
420:
418:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:Decca Records
389:
388:rock and roll
384:
382:
378:
373:
371:
367:
366:Arthur Murray
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:
339:Vernon Castle
336:
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329:
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291:
283:
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189:
186:
178:
167:
164:
160:
157:
153:
150:
146:
143:
139:
136: –
135:
131:
130:Find sources:
124:
120:
114:
113:
108:This article
106:
102:
97:
96:
87:
84:
76:
73:November 2021
66:
62:
56:
55:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2074:Dance troupe
2019:Dance awards
1914:Pontic Greek
1621:Dance theory
1611:Choreography
1523:Contemporary
1205:
1196:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:the original
1174:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1144:
1135:
1129:
1120:
1114:
1105:
1100:
1091:
1086:
1077:
1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1055:
1043:Ghostarchive
1041:Archived at
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1020:
1008:Ghostarchive
1006:Archived at
1002:
993:
975:
969:
960:
954:
945:
940:
928:. Retrieved
924:the original
919:
910:
901:
895:
886:
880:
871:
866:
854:. Retrieved
849:
837:Ghostarchive
835:Archived at
831:
819:. Retrieved
815:the original
810:
801:
792:
785:. Retrieved
781:the original
776:
766:
752:
745:
735:February 14,
733:. Retrieved
727:
720:
708:. Retrieved
704:
695:
652:
641:
631:Reverse Wave
628:Open Impetus
599:
588:Reverse Turn
585:Natural Turn
581:Feather Step
572:
563:
505:
501:
497:
485:
481:
477:
473:
461:
457:
449:
442:
433:
424:
408:
385:
374:
344:
332:vaudevillian
325:
299:
281:
255:
253:
233:
196:
181:
172:
162:
155:
148:
141:
129:
117:Please help
112:verification
109:
79:
70:
51:
18:Slow foxtrot
1904:Philippines
1889:Netherlands
1879:Middle East
1431:Table dance
1396:Go go dance
1376:Competitive
710:February 4,
638:Competition
625:Hover Cross
607:Basic Weave
542:(1880–1946)
445:Syncopation
354:Castle Walk
346:W. C. Handy
292:instead of
2104:Categories
1971:Uzbekistan
1739:Azerbaijan
1648:Musicality
1616:Connection
1573:Postmodern
1543:Historical
1426:Striptease
1421:Pole dance
1371:Ceremonial
1326:slow dance
1186:January 1,
1062:January 1,
1027:January 1,
930:January 1,
856:January 1,
821:January 1,
687:References
577:Three Step
552:media help
320:Dancesport
145:newspapers
1976:Venezuela
1939:Sri Lanka
1934:Singapore
1894:Nicaragua
1824:Indonesia
1729:Australia
1598:Technique
1496:formation
1411:Lap dance
681:Quickstep
659:USA Dance
453:promenade
411:quickstep
381:Lindy hop
335:Harry Fox
134:"Foxtrot"
61:talk page
1991:Zimbabwe
1944:Thailand
1869:Malaysia
1854:Kiribati
1764:Cameroon
1759:Cambodia
1749:Bulgaria
1724:Assyrian
1693:national
1688:Regional
1668:Spotting
1663:Sequence
1641:glossary
1588:Two-step
1533:Flamenco
1518:Breaking
1513:Boogaloo
1491:Ballroom
1436:Twerking
1401:Grinding
1386:Ecstatic
1045:and the
1010:and the
839:and the
787:July 11,
671:Discofox
665:See also
612:Telemark
358:One-step
274:is in a
264:big band
175:May 2019
54:disputed
2001:Related
1981:Vietnam
1954:Ukraine
1864:Kurdish
1834:Ireland
1814:Hungary
1804:Georgia
1789:Denmark
1779:Croatia
1744:Belarus
1734:Austria
1719:Armenia
1709:Albania
1673:Turnout
1558:Lyrical
1538:Hip-hop
1381:Concert
1306:Partner
1275:Outline
1056:YouTube
1021:YouTube
850:YouTube
676:Peabody
610:Closed
560:Figures
377:ragtime
311:History
256:foxtrot
200:Foxtrot
159:scholar
1949:Turkey
1929:Serbia
1924:Russia
1919:Romani
1909:Poland
1874:Mexico
1839:Israel
1809:Greece
1794:Europe
1769:Canada
1704:Africa
1695:dances
1653:Pointe
1626:Graham
1606:Ballet
1563:Modern
1486:Ballet
1473:Styles
1458:Street
1453:Sacred
1391:Erotic
1363:Social
1351:square
1336:contra
1331:circle
464:chassé
421:Styles
272:rhythm
161:
154:
147:
140:
132:
1884:Nepal
1859:Korea
1849:Japan
1844:Italy
1819:India
1774:China
1678:Turns
1636:Moves
1578:Swing
1568:Polka
1553:Latin
1508:Belly
1501:waltz
1346:round
1270:Index
1259:Dance
488:Waltz
404:swing
398:" by
386:When
370:tango
268:waltz
260:dance
214:Genre
166:JSTOR
152:books
27:Dance
1899:Peru
1829:Iran
1784:Cuba
1714:Arab
1658:Pole
1548:Jazz
1481:Acro
1443:Folk
1341:line
1301:Solo
1188:2016
1064:2015
1029:2015
932:2016
858:2015
823:2016
789:2012
737:2012
712:2009
657:and
356:and
254:The
248:1914
245:Year
138:news
1583:Tap
1463:War
758:226
538:by
121:by
2106::
1204:.
1054:.
1049::
1019:.
1014::
984:^
918:.
848:.
843::
809:.
791:.
775:.
703:.
650:.
372:.
1697:)
1691:(
1251:e
1244:t
1237:v
1190:.
1066:.
1031:.
934:.
860:.
825:.
760:.
739:.
714:.
554:.
300:4
282:4
234:4
188:)
182:(
177:)
173:(
163:·
156:·
149:·
142:·
115:.
86:)
80:(
75:)
71:(
67:.
57:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
