1045:
53:
1057:
1212:
1332:
The party lost its last MLAs in 1982 and never elected a member again. Although the party was no longer a significant force in
Alberta politics, it had some support and briefly experienced a revival around 2005. However, in 2008, the party collapsed to only 0.2 percent of the vote, its worst showing
1328:
spanning 36 years, the longest unbroken run in government at the provincial level at the time. Largely due to
Manning's ledership and to Alberta's powerful influence within the Canadian Social Credit movement, the Canadian social credit movement developed a strong social conservative tint.
1351:
was largely fractious, and made up of various small groups, the largest of which being the Social Credit League. The
British Columbian movement was largely at odds with the Albertan wing and sought to distance itself from William Aberhart's religious preaching.
1174:
being officially formed in 1944. The party was generally fairly small, and gradually declined. The party won its last federal seats in
Alberta in 1965. (SC MP Robert Norman Thompson (Red Deer) went on to be elected as a Conservative in 1968.)
1529:'s original economic and political philosophy including a rejection of party politics in the belief that it should be replaced by a non-partisan "union of electors" in which elected officials would implement the popular will.
577:
1359:
was elected leader of the League in 1951. Bennett joined in order to use the party as a political vehicle. He quickly jettisoned the original ideology, and reorganized the party into the conservative populist
659:
2147:
1779:
The party faced serious divisions in the 1940s, 1960s and early 1970s due to attempted takeovers by fascist groups and was put in trusteeship by the federal party in 1972 when the fascist
1313:. Although Manning had been an early supporter of Social Credit, he largely abandoned the theory while keeping the Social Credit name. He also purged the party of anti-Semites; although
1571:(MPs) in that decade, it would be Quebec that maintained the party's national presence after 1962. Social Credit remained dominant in the other two provinces in provincial elections.
674:
1196:
1459:
who translated social credit literature into French, wrote his own articles on the subject and published and circulated periodicals to promote social credit theories. He and
1375:. The NDP served only one term in Government, before the Social Credit Party was returned to office for four more terms of majority government under W. A. C. Bennett's son,
1525:'s rejection of more orthodox social credit economic theory and his purge of anti-Semites from the social credit movement. The Union held more orthodox views in line with
1233:
1087:
644:
1333:
since its founding in 1934. In 2017 it was renamed to the Pro-Life
Alberta Political Association, which has only tenuous connections to its social credit heritage.
777:
654:
1540:. Caouette continued to run in elections unsuccessfully through the 1950s over the objections of Even and Côté-Mercier and split with them on May 4, 1958 to form
679:
664:
720:
1619:
1776:, the party unsuccessfully ran candidates in most provincial elections from 1945 until 1975, never obtaining electoral support beyond a negligible level.
959:
649:
2303:
1786:
The party continued as a registered party into the 1980s, not running candidates in the 1977 election and running only 5 candidates with interim leader
1295:
1398:
when it failed to win a single seat in the legislature, and received only 0.4% of votes cast. Many of the party's mainstream members left to join the
2313:
2005:
1850:
1179:
919:
767:
669:
2361:
2356:
1579:
1372:
730:
1951:
1361:
1342:
1924:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1406:
1395:
1391:
899:
639:
2101:
1845:
2045:
1604:
1446:
2065:
1990:
1582:. They continued to finish in second place in terms of federal seats from Quebec until their last MPs fell with the minority government of
1371:, but they were elected to a majority a year later. After the minority, and 20 years of majority government, the party was defeated by the
1080:
762:
2121:
2075:
1737:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1563:
party from the 1930s into the 1960s. The Social Credit Party, however, soon became a major contender in Quebec for seats to the federal
1171:
979:
757:
1471:", based in Rougemont, Quebec, that promotes social credit monetary policy coupled with conservative Catholicism. The Pilgrims publish
1751:
1747:
1589:
The Quebec wing of the movement broke from the rest of the party in 1963 to form its own Quebec-only federal Social Credit party, the
1557:
Social Credit was never able to form a provincial government in Quebec due to the near dominance of social conservative votes by the
1007:
904:
602:
262:
1294:. His government was probably the only one in the world known to have adhered to the social credit ideology. In fact, following the
2142:
2111:
1871:
1259:
1012:
1298:
in which
Aberhart's government was pressured to implement its fiscal program, he once tried to implement social credit by issuing "
2137:
507:
1586:
in 1980. The most Social Credit ever captured in terms of the Quebec popular vote was 27.3% federally, and 11.2% provincially.
1147:
1073:
34:
2070:
1767:
1725:
1721:
1575:
1551:
1537:
1497:
1399:
1283:
1273:
1237:
1189:
1159:
1405:
The party quickly dwindled into fringe status, and now only exists in desultory fashion. It ran only two candidates in the
527:
2152:
2060:
1591:
1568:
1547:
1542:
1518:
1429:. The party was de-registered shortly afterward. It regained its registration in 2016, but ran only two candidates in the
1287:
1137:
909:
740:
89:
2015:
1985:
1807:
1692:
1648:
1644:
1636:
914:
607:
2096:
2091:
2055:
1944:
1866:
1656:
1410:
1409:. The strongest candidate of the two, Grant Mitton, a former radio talk show host who received 17% of the vote in his
1286:
in 1934. He added a heavy dose of fundamentalist
Christianity to Douglas' social credit theory. Social Credit won the
1151:
949:
944:
612:
1222:
617:
2030:
1514:
924:
725:
634:
277:
1241:
1226:
2035:
1861:
1468:
689:
1596:
1559:
1291:
1155:
782:
214:
2040:
1919:
1643:
with 12. The party was riven by internal dissent for the remainder of its history, capturing two seats in the
1442:
1184:
2025:
1303:
1163:
1002:
894:
745:
629:
1460:
2326:
2308:
2020:
2000:
1937:
1914:
1876:
1822:
1815:
1803:
1509:
1493:
1484:
1414:
1299:
1167:
954:
735:
219:
42:
1856:
1829:
1755:
1702:
854:
1624:
2192:
2106:
1714:
1564:
964:
247:
159:
154:
2050:
1780:
1710:
1368:
1325:
1188:. The two wings reunited in 1971. The party was left without any parliamentary seats following the
1061:
939:
835:
787:
517:
224:
139:
134:
72:
2237:
1612:
1105:
1027:
1017:
984:
684:
144:
77:
1192:, and thereafter declined into irrelevance, though it nominally continued to exist until 1993.
52:
2277:
2010:
1629:
715:
567:
385:
350:
272:
198:
1124:
in French. It gained popularity and its own political party in the 1930s, as a result of the
2207:
2202:
2187:
2172:
2116:
1595:. As a social conservative party, the party generally attracted voters who supported of the
1489:
1402:, which emerged in the early 1990s as the new "free enterprise" coalition opposing the NDP.
1380:
1356:
1348:
1279:
1125:
974:
969:
929:
868:
848:
547:
425:
420:
405:
345:
330:
320:
17:
2333:
2177:
1833:
537:
395:
302:
297:
292:
209:
164:
129:
1728:, it tied for third. However, Social Credit never won more than 14% of the popular vote.
2252:
2247:
1522:
1479:
in French. The group is nicknamed "the White Berets" for the headgear worn by members.
1310:
1022:
792:
415:
400:
390:
380:
365:
204:
67:
2350:
2262:
2242:
2232:
2212:
2182:
1960:
1668:
1384:
1113:
1109:
1049:
828:
815:
468:
335:
325:
287:
282:
257:
169:
2282:
2267:
1995:
1811:
1743:
1706:
1526:
1501:
1376:
1318:
1314:
875:
821:
557:
458:
267:
242:
104:
1317:
had long been part of the party's populist rhetoric, it fell out of fashion after
2287:
2227:
2222:
2197:
1799:
1787:
1504:
1306:
on the basis that only the federal government was authorized to issue currency.
1211:
861:
694:
463:
448:
443:
410:
375:
370:
355:
252:
174:
109:
1798:
Other political parties have also promoted social credit principles, including
1758:
status. Social Credit was never able to win more than 16% of the popular vote.
1746:, Social Credit won seats in the Legislature in two elections – 2 seats in the
2272:
2257:
2217:
1836:
policies in its platform, but was not considered to be a social credit party.
1456:
842:
772:
488:
483:
478:
473:
453:
340:
1488:
in 1939 as a provincial party based on social credit theories and recruited
1583:
360:
179:
1639:, the Liberals took 72 seats, followed by the Union Nationale with 17, and
1720:
Of the ten elections from 1936–1973, the party won seats in seven. In the
1170:, but reverted to the Social Credit name in subsequent elections with the
1698:
149:
82:
1701:, the party was able to win a few seats in the Legislature, and was the
1821:
The western reform movement largely replaced the socreds, and used the
1773:
1609:
1554:, and remained in the House of Commons under various names until 1980.
934:
1925:
Social
Discredit: Anti-Semitism, Social Credit and the Jewish Response
1567:
in the 1960s. Although BC and
Alberta would elect a few Social Credit
1367:
Social Credit's first government in
British Columbia was a very small
1452:
1383:
in 1986, but Vander Zalm was forced to resign in 1991 in favour of
1464:
1394:, and was knocked down to third place. The party collapsed in the
1705:
in each at various times. From 1936 to 1940, the party supported
1929:
1550:
with himself as leader. It achieved a major breakthrough in the
810:
99:
1933:
1146:, an outgrowth of Alberta Social Credit, ran candidates in the
1205:
1632:
party, it drew nationalist voters away from the Créditistes.
1500:, but none was elected. The movement was able to win a post
1390:
The Social Credit government was defeated by the NDP in the
1675:, the party's first. Social Credit also ran candidates in
1578:, Social Credit won 26 of 75 seats in Quebec, beating the
1355:
The effective death of the movement came when former Tory
2148:
Social Credit Party of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
1818:
also appears to promote social credit economic policies.
1622:
stymied the rise of the provincial Créditistes. Although
1492:
to the movement. Even and Armand Turpin ran federally as
1608:, which benefited as the UN declined after the death of
1347:
In the 1930s and 1940s, the social credit movement in
1309:
Aberhart died in office in 1943, and was replaced by
1197:
Social Credit Party of Canada leadership conventions
2296:
2165:
2130:
2084:
1976:
1969:
1302:" to Albertans. This measure was disallowed by the
1683:winning 0.5% and 1.6% of the vote respectively.
1602:The party formed a provincial wing in 1970, the
1667:While Social Credit never won any seats in the
1790:in the 1981 election. It was defunct by 1985.
1945:
1081:
665:Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia
8:
1671:Legislature, it won 3.1% of the vote in the
1324:The Alberta Socreds formed nine consecutive
1290:in a massive landslide, and Aberhart became
1116:. Its supporters were colloquially known as
1724:, Social Credit finished third, and in the
1240:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1973:
1952:
1938:
1930:
1898:Who's Who in Federal Politics from Alberta
1278:The ideology was embraced by the Reverend
1088:
1074:
960:Progressive Group for Independent Business
778:Progressive Conservative Assoc. of Alberta
650:Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
29:
2314:Social Credit Party of Canada split, 1963
2006:Committee on Monetary and Economic Reform
1851:Committee on Monetary and Economic Reform
1260:Learn how and when to remove this message
920:Citizens Centre for Freedom and Democracy
768:Conservative Party of Quebec (historical)
670:Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario
1373:New Democratic Party of British Columbia
731:Progressive Conservative Party of Canada
721:Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)
2304:1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt
1888:
1513:label, with Caouette being sent to the
1482:Even and Côté-Mercier also founded the
1343:Social Credit Party of British Columbia
1296:1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt
680:Progressive Conservative Party of Sask.
41:
900:Canadian Centre for Bio-Ethical Reform
640:Conservative Party of British Columbia
2102:Democratic Labour Party (New Zealand)
1846:List of Social Credit/Creditistes MPs
1180:Québécois wing of the party split off
675:Progressive Conservative Party of PEI
7:
2066:Social Credit Party of New Brunswick
1991:British Columbia Social Credit Party
1362:British Columbia Social Credit Party
1238:adding citations to reliable sources
763:British Columbia Social Credit Party
660:Progressive Conservative Party of NL
655:Progressive Conservative Party of NB
2122:Solomon Islands Social Credit Party
2076:Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan
1738:Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan
1536:candidate and lost his seat in the
1413:, later left the party to form the
1172:Social Credit Association of Canada
980:True North Centre for Public Policy
1713:, and in 1940 it joined Bracken's
1532:Caouette ran for re-election as a
1008:Conservatism in the United Kingdom
905:Canadian Coalition for Democracies
603:Christian Heritage Party of Canada
25:
2143:Irish Monetary Reform Association
2112:Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
1872:Social Credit Party (New Zealand)
1417:. It only ran two candidates in
1162:, Socreds ran with supporters of
1013:Conservatism in the United States
1210:
1055:
1043:
508:Canada and the Canadian Question
51:
2362:Social credit parties in Canada
2357:Canadian social credit movement
2046:Ralliement créditiste du Québec
1915:The Alberta Social Credit Party
1641:Ralliement créditiste du Québec
1605:Ralliement créditiste du Québec
1455:in part because of the work of
1451:The movement also caught on in
1447:Ralliement créditiste du Québec
1282:("Bible Bill"), who formed the
1102:Canadian social credit movement
2153:Social Credit Party of Ireland
2071:Social Credit Party of Ontario
1768:Social Credit Party of Ontario
1580:Progressive Conservative Party
1400:British Columbia Liberal Party
1274:Social Credit Party of Alberta
1:
2061:Social Credit Party of Canada
1783:succeeded in taking control.
1548:Social Credit Party of Canada
1519:Social Credit Party of Canada
1138:Social Credit Party of Canada
910:Canadian Taxpayers Federation
758:Action démocratique du Québec
741:Social Credit Party of Canada
2016:Manitoba Social Credit Party
1986:Abolitionist Party of Canada
1808:Abolitionist Party of Canada
1693:Manitoba Social Credit Party
1467:Christian group called the "
1379:. Bennett was succeeded by
1284:Alberta Social Credit League
1144:Western Social Credit League
915:Catholic Civil Rights League
645:Conservative Party of Quebec
608:Conservative Party of Canada
528:Who Killed Canadian History?
18:Social Credit Party (Canada)
2097:Country Party (New Zealand)
2092:Australian League of Rights
2056:Alberta Social Credit Party
1867:Australian League of Rights
1754:. In 1956, the party held
1517:. The Union broke with the
1152:Progressive Party of Canada
1150:taking many votes from the
950:National Citizens Coalition
945:Montreal Economic Institute
613:Libertarian Party of Canada
2378:
1825:as its political vehicle.
1765:
1735:
1690:
1655:was elected to the Quebec
1592:Ralliement des créditistes
1546:as the Quebec wing of the
1543:Ralliement des créditistes
1515:House of Commons of Canada
1440:
1340:
1271:
1194:
1135:
925:Focus on the Family Canada
726:Liberal-Conservative Party
2322:
2036:Pilgrims of Saint Michael
1862:Pilgrims of Saint Michael
1599:in provincial elections.
1469:Pilgrims of Saint Michael
690:United Conservative Party
1726:1941 provincial election
1722:1936 provincial election
1673:1948 provincial election
1637:1970 provincial election
1431:2017 provincial election
1288:1935 provincial election
1108:originally based on the
618:People's Party of Canada
558:The Case for Colonialism
33:This article is part of
2031:Parti crédit social uni
2026:Pauper Party of Ontario
1304:Supreme Court of Canada
1300:prosperity certificates
1164:William Duncan Herridge
1062:Conservatism portal
1003:Common Sense Revolution
895:Campaign Life Coalition
635:Coalition Avenir Québec
630:British Columbia United
2309:Prosperity certificate
2138:British People's Party
2001:Christian Credit Party
1920:BC Social Credit Party
1877:Reform Party of Canada
1823:Reform Party of Canada
1816:Global Party of Canada
1810:, and the short-lived
1804:Christian Credit Party
1647:, and only one in the
1415:British Columbia Party
736:Reform Party of Canada
220:United Empire Loyalist
44:Conservatism in Canada
2041:Ralliement créditiste
1857:Canadian Action Party
1830:Canadian Action Party
1569:Members of Parliament
1552:1962 federal election
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1498:1940 federal election
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1190:1980 federal election
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2107:Douglas Credit Party
1715:coalition government
1326:majority governments
1234:improve this section
965:REAL Women of Canada
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1711:minority government
1534:union des electeurs
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1178:In the 1960s, the
1106:political movement
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1018:Western alienation
985:Voice of Canadians
707:Historical parties
685:Saskatchewan Party
331:Bennett (W. A. C.)
145:Limited government
27:Political movement
2344:
2343:
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2161:
2160:
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1270:
1269:
1262:
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1098:
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2329:
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1974:
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1901:
1893:
1381:Bill Vander Zalm
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1349:British Columbia
1337:British Columbia
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1265:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1245:
1214:
1206:
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1126:Great Depression
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1058:
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1046:
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1894:
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1842:
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1764:
1750:, and 3 in the
1740:
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1449:
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1052:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1023:Alberta Agenda
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
996:
995:
992:
991:
988:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
891:
888:
887:
884:
883:
880:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
846:
839:
832:
825:
818:
813:
807:
804:
803:
800:
799:
796:
795:
793:Wildrose Party
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
749:
748:
746:Unionist Party
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
709:
706:
705:
702:
701:
698:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
596:
594:Extant parties
593:
592:
589:
588:
585:
584:
574:
564:
554:
544:
534:
524:
514:
503:
500:
499:
496:
495:
492:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
440:
437:
436:
433:
432:
429:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
317:
314:
313:
310:
309:
306:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
255:
250:
245:
239:
236:
235:
232:
231:
228:
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
205:Family Compact
202:
199:Château Clique
194:
191:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
114:
113:
112:
107:
97:
92:
87:
86:
85:
75:
70:
68:Calgary School
64:
61:
60:
57:
56:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2374:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2337:
2332:
2330:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2263:Neil Morrison
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2243:Norman Jaques
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2233:John Hargrave
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2213:C. H. Douglas
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2203:RĂ©al Caouette
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:Bruce Beetham
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2021:New Democracy
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1962:Social Credit
1955:
1950:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1899:
1892:
1889:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1824:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1794:Other parties
1793:
1791:
1789:
1784:
1782:
1781:Western Guard
1777:
1775:
1769:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1752:1956 election
1749:
1748:1938 election
1745:
1739:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1669:New Brunswick
1663:New Brunswick
1662:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1649:1976 election
1646:
1645:1973 election
1642:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1576:1962 election
1572:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1521:in 1947 over
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1494:New Democracy
1491:
1490:RĂ©al Caouette
1487:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1444:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1425:, and one in
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1407:2001 election
1403:
1401:
1397:
1396:1996 election
1393:
1392:1991 election
1388:
1386:
1385:Rita Johnston
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1264:
1261:
1253:
1250:December 2023
1243:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1219:This section
1217:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1168:New Democracy
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:C. H. Douglas
1111:
1110:Social Credit
1107:
1103:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
994:
993:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
886:
885:
878:
877:
873:
871:
870:
866:
864:
863:
859:
857:
856:
852:
850:
847:
845:
844:
840:
838:
837:
833:
831:
830:
829:National Post
826:
824:
823:
819:
817:
816:Free Dominion
814:
812:
809:
808:
802:
801:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
755:
754:
753:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
712:
704:
703:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
627:
626:
625:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
599:
591:
590:
580:
579:
575:
570:
569:
565:
559:
555:
550:
549:
545:
540:
539:
535:
530:
529:
525:
520:
519:
515:
510:
509:
505:
504:
498:
497:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
441:
435:
434:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
318:
312:
311:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
240:
237:Intellectuals
234:
233:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
200:
196:
195:
189:
188:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
170:Protectionism
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
127:
121:
120:
111:
108:
106:
103:
102:
101:
98:
96:
95:Social credit
93:
91:
88:
84:
81:
80:
79:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
65:
59:
58:
54:
50:
49:
46:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
2283:Ken Sweigard
2268:Al Overfield
1996:Canada Party
1977:
1897:
1891:
1827:
1820:
1812:Canada Party
1797:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1744:Saskatchewan
1741:
1732:Saskatchewan
1719:
1707:John Bracken
1696:
1666:
1652:
1640:
1634:
1623:
1617:
1603:
1601:
1590:
1588:
1573:
1558:
1556:
1541:
1533:
1531:
1527:C.H. Douglas
1508:
1502:World War II
1483:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1450:
1404:
1389:
1377:Bill Bennett
1366:
1354:
1346:
1331:
1323:
1319:World War II
1315:antisemitism
1308:
1277:
1256:
1247:
1232:Please help
1220:
1183:
1182:to form the
1177:
1143:
1141:
1121:
1117:
1101:
1099:
955:Orange Order
876:Winnipeg Sun
874:
867:
860:
853:
841:
834:
827:
822:LifeSiteNews
820:
751:
750:
710:
623:
622:
597:
576:
566:
546:
536:
526:
516:
506:
438:Commentators
197:
94:
2288:John Turmel
2228:Ron Gostick
2223:A. N. Field
2198:Eric Butler
1800:John Turmel
1788:John Turmel
1756:third party
1703:third party
1505:by-election
1477:Vers Demain
1122:créditistes
862:Toronto Sun
695:Yukon Party
426:Vander Zalm
346:Diefenbaker
315:Politicians
273:Granatstein
175:Rule of law
160:Nationalism
2351:Categories
2273:Ezra Pound
2258:Roly Marks
2218:Louis Even
1883:References
1653:créditiste
1565:Parliament
1507:under the
1463:founded a
1457:Louis Even
1421:, none in
1195:See also:
843:Rebel News
773:Parti bleu
752:Provincial
624:Provincial
578:Whiteshift
501:Literature
155:Monarchism
135:Federalism
124:Principles
1970:Movements
1615:in 1968.
1584:Joe Clark
1221:does not
548:Harperism
421:Stanfield
406:Poilievre
386:Macdonald
351:Duplessis
248:Blackwood
180:Tradition
2335:Politics
2328:Category
1896:Mardon.
1840:See also
1699:Manitoba
1687:Manitoba
1369:minority
1154:and the
401:Mulroney
381:Lougheed
321:Aberhart
303:Peterson
288:Kaufmann
263:Flanagan
258:Farthing
150:Loyalism
83:Trumpism
35:a series
2297:History
2085:Oceania
1853:(COMER)
1814:. The
1774:Ontario
1762:Ontario
1635:In the
1610:Premier
1574:In the
1242:removed
1227:sources
1202:Alberta
1118:Socreds
997:Related
935:LGBTory
711:Federal
598:Federal
469:McInnes
293:Leacock
253:Byfield
192:History
100:Toryism
62:Schools
2166:People
2131:Europe
1978:Canada
1453:Quebec
1437:Quebec
1411:riding
970:Rumble
582:(2018)
572:(2018)
562:(2017)
552:(2014)
542:(1999)
532:(1998)
522:(1965)
512:(1891)
474:Murphy
464:Levant
459:Jivani
411:Roblin
371:Harris
366:Harper
356:Filmon
336:Borden
298:Pageau
283:Groulx
268:Gilley
1628:is a
1104:is a
805:Media
489:Steyn
484:Speer
479:Segal
416:Smith
376:Klein
341:Davis
278:Grant
243:Black
1832:had
1828:The
1806:and
1681:1956
1679:and
1677:1952
1445:and
1427:2013
1423:2009
1419:2005
1225:any
1223:cite
1142:The
1100:The
811:CFRA
454:Frum
449:Chen
444:Camp
361:Ford
105:Blue
1802:'s
1772:In
1742:In
1709:'s
1697:In
1465:lay
1236:by
1166:as
110:Red
2353::
1717:.
1659:.
1433:.
1387:.
1364:.
1321:.
1128:.
560:"
37:on
1953:e
1946:t
1939:v
1900:.
1263:)
1257:(
1252:)
1248:(
1244:.
1230:.
1089:e
1082:t
1075:v
556:"
20:)
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