Social media marketing - Knowledge (XXG)

1004:, or links to the product's website and other social media profiles, etc. Twitter is also used by companies to provide customer service. Some companies make support available 24/7 and answer promptly, thus improving brand loyalty and appreciation. Recently, the app known as Twitter was purchased by Elon Musk. In purchasing the app, Musk renamed the app as X-Corp, or just X for short. This change had multiple different effects on what was formerly known as Twitter. The first change is the design of the logo. The original Twitter logo was a bluebird, but Elon Musk had it changed to a white X with a black backdrop. This was a change in both the company’s headquarters building and the app store. The second change was promised by Elon in a tweet after purchasing the app. The app X will gain more features, allowing for more video, chat, and audio messaging. This change is meant to increase freedom of speech and enhance consumer engagement. Musk says his goal is to form the app into a more mainstream version of similar platforms. These new changes to X dramatically change how social media marketing on the platform works. The new features offer more marketing chances for companies to capitalize on. The video feature allows for extended promotional ads to be posted throughout the platform. Chat features will enhance customer services and all for direct communication between consumers and the company. X can now be utilized for new marketing approaches. 1655:

followers otherwise known as their reference, membership or aspirational group. By having an OL or OF support a brands product by posting a photo, video or written recommendation on a blog, the following may be influenced and because they trust the OL/OF a high chance of the brand selling more products or creating a following base. Having an OL/OF helps spread word of mouth talk amongst reference groups and/or memberships groups e.g. family, friends, work-friends etc. The adjusted communication model shows the use of using opinion leaders and opinion formers. The sender/source gives the message to many, many OL's/OF's who pass the message on along with their personal opinion, the receiver (followers/groups) form their own opinion and send their personal message to their group (friends, family etc.).

1617: 1076:, meaning that no third party including WhatsApp can read or listen to them. WhatsApp has a customer base of 1 billion people in over 180 countries. It is used to send personalized promotional messages to individual customers. It has plenty of advantages over SMS that includes ability to track how Message Broadcast Performs using blue tick option in WhatsApp. It allows sending messages to Do Not Disturb (DND) customers. WhatsApp is also used to send a series of bulk messages to their targeted customers using broadcast option. Companies started using this to a large extent because it is a cost-effective promotional option and quick to spread a message. As of 2019, WhatsApp still not allow businesses to place ads in their app. 1169: 594: 834: 230: 782:

all around the world. Moreover, using algorithmically driven content within TikTok allows for a more positive response rate from users as the target audience tends to be young users, who are more susceptible to these increasingly popular marketing communications. With this in mind, TikTok is filled with rich content that include images and videos which can beneficially aid influencer marketing over platforms that are heavily text-based as they are less engaging for their audiences.

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with people who share their interests and desires. Individuals who agree to have their social media profile public, should be aware that advertisers have the ability to take information that interests them to be able to send them information and advertisements to boost their sales. Managers invest in social media to foster relationships and interact with customers. This is an ethical way for managers to send messages about their advertisements and products to their consumers.

79: 1099:. Business account holders are allowed to create, share, and edit business profiles. They may post information such as the business location, contact information, pictures, and service information. The website further allows individuals to write, post reviews about businesses, and rate them on a five-point scale. Messaging and talk features are further made available for general members of the website, serving to guide thoughts and opinions. 1547:, labeling it "Every color has a story" with the website name: "ISee5c". Upon opening the website, the page is covered with different colors representing the iPhone 5c phone colors and case colors. When a colored section is clicked, a 15-second video plays a song and "showcases the dots featured on the rear of the iPhone 5c official cases and on the iOS 7 dynamic wallpapers", concluding with words that are related to the video's theme. 1876:

professionals is the subject of ethics in social media marketing practices, specifically: the proper uses of, often, very personal data. With the invention of social media, the marketer no longer has to focus solely on the basic demographics and psychographics given from television and magazines, but now they can see what consumers like to hear from advertisers, how they engage online, and what their needs and wants are.

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among TikTok users because of the platform's wide range of effects and challenges that change from day to day. Because of this feature, content creators big or small have increased chances of going viral by appearing on TikTok's "for you" page. The "for you" page algorithm allows users to have videos recommended to them based on their previous watches, likes and shares.

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only available from 1–10 seconds until they are no longer available. The app was an instant hit with social media members and today there are up to 158 million people using snapchat every single day. It is also estimated that Snapchat users are opening the application approximately 18 times per day, which means users are on the app for about 25–30 minutes per day.

1441: 1041:, a professional business-related networking site, allows companies to create professional profiles for themselves as well as their business to network and meet others. Through the use of widgets, members can promote their various social networking activities, such as Twitter stream or blog entries of their product pages, onto their LinkedIn profile page. 235: 234: 231: 236: 1515:– Radar picks up exceptional posts from the whole Tumblr community based on their originality and creativity. It is placed on the right side next to the Dashboard, and it typically earns 120 million daily impressions. Sponsored radar allows advertisers to place their posts there to have an opportunity to earn new followers, reblogs, and likes. 981:. Handling these interactions in a satisfactory manner can result in an increase of consumer trust. To both this aim and to fix the public's perception of a company, 3 steps are taken in order to address consumer concerns, identifying the extent of the social chatter, engaging the influencers to help, and developing a proportional response. 1604:, the increased online "buzz" of "word-of-mouth" marketing that a product, service or companies are experiencing is due to the rise in use of social media and smartphones. Businesses and marketers have noticed that, "a person's behaviour is influenced by many small groups" (Kotler, Burton, Deans, Brown, & Armstrong, 2013, p. 189). 970:

approach to interact with customers, as a substantial percentage of consumer interactions are now being carried out over online platforms with much higher visibility. Customers can now post reviews of products and services, rate customer service, and ask questions or voice concerns directly to companies through social media platforms.

1467:, and also for acquiring followers and subscribers who can then be directed to social network pages. Online communities can enable a business to reach the clients of other businesses using the platform. To allow firms to measure their standing in the corporate world, sites enable employees to place evaluations of their companies. 233: 613:(Quick Response) codes along with products for individuals to access the company website or online services with their smart phones. Retailers use QR codes to facilitate consumer interaction with brands by linking the code to brand websites, promotions, product information, and any other mobile-enabled content. In addition, 1540:, Disney/Pixar created a Tumblr account, MUGrumblr, saying that the account is maintained by a 'Monstropolis transplant' and 'self-diagnosed coffee addict' who is currently a sophomore at Monsters University. A "student" from Monsters University uploaded memes, animated GIFs, and Instagram-like photos related to the movie. 977:, over 80% of consumers use the web to research products and services. Thus social media marketing is also used by businesses in order to build relationships of trust with consumers. To this aim, companies may also hire personnel to specifically handle these social media interactions, who usually report under the title of 1750:, sending viewers to the product website. Advertising is beginning to move viewers from the traditional outlets to the electronic ones. While traditional media, like newspapers and television advertising, are largely overshadowed by the rise of social media marketing, there is still a place for traditional marketing. 1706:; her message was deemed to be offensive by many observers. The main difference between planned and unplanned is the time to approve the content. Unplanned content must still be approved by marketing managers, but in a much more rapid manner e.g. 1–2 hours or less. Sectors may miss errors because of being hurried. 1261:, and the recently added ability to send private messages between users have opened new opportunities for brands to connect with customers in a new extent, further promoting effective marketing on Instagram. Instagram Reels were launched in August 2020. Reels in 2023 had 2.35 billion active users every month. 1838:, Gap sent out a tweet to its followers telling them to stay safe but encouraged them to shop online and offered free shipping. The tweet was deemed insensitive, and Gap eventually took it down and apologized. Numerous additional online marketing mishap examples exist. Examples include a YouTube video of a 1891:

In addition, social media platforms have become extremely aware of their users and collect information about their viewers to connect with them in various ways. Social-networking website Facebook Inc. is quietly working on a new advertising system that would let marketers target users with ads based

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While it is ethical to use social networking websites to spread a message to people who are genuinely interested, many people game the system with auto-friend adding programs and spam messages and bulletins. Social networking websites are becoming wise to these practices, however, and are effectively

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Unplanned content is an 'in the moment' idea, "a spontaneous, tactical reaction". The content could be trending and not have the time to take the planned content route. The unplanned content is posted sporadically and is not calendar/date/time arranged (Deshpande, 2014). Issues with unplanned content

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Companies are increasing using their social media strategy as part of their traditional marketing effort using magazines, newspapers, radio advertisements, television advertisements. Since in the 2010s, media consumers are often using multiple platforms at the same time (e.g., surfing the Internet on

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Another option Instagram provides the opportunity for companies to reflect a true picture of the brand from the perspective of the customers, for instance, using the user-generated contents thought the hashtags encouragement. Other than the filters and hashtags functions, the Instagram's 15-90 second

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also use social networking sites to develop their own market research on new products and services. By encouraging their customers to give feedback on new product ideas, businesses can gain valuable insights on whether a product may be accepted by their target market enough to merit full production,

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This can be extremely beneficial for small businesses who are using this platform as a means of social media marketing. Although they may be starting off small, by following trends, using hashtags, and much more, anyone can promote themselves on this emerging application to attract new audiences from

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Technologies predating social media, such as broadcast TV and newspapers can also provide advertisers with a fairly targeted audience, given that an ad placed during a sports game broadcast or in the sports section of a newspaper is likely to be read by sports fans. However, social media websites can

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Since social media marketing first came into being, strategists and marketers have been getting smarter and more careful with the way they collect information and distributing advertisements. With the presence of data collecting companies, there is no longer a need to target specific audiences. This

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Marketers have come to the understanding that "consumers are more prone to believe in other individuals" who they trust. OL's and OF's can also send their own messages about products and services they choose. The reason the opinion leader or formers have such a strong following base is because their

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In addition to user-generated promotion, these sites also offer advertisements within individual user communities and categories. Because ads can be placed in designated communities with a very specific target audience and demographic, they have far greater potential for traffic generation than ads

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Instagram has proven itself a powerful platform for marketers to reach their customers and prospects through sharing pictures and brief messages. According to a study by Simply Measured, 71% of the world's largest brands are now using Instagram as a marketing channel. For companies, Instagram can be

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had over 200 million users. The user engagement rate of Instagram was 15 times higher than of Facebook and 25 times higher than that of Twitter. According to Scott Galloway, the founder of L2 and a professor of marketing at New York University's Stern School of Business, latest studies estimate that

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also use social networking sites as a promotional technique. Businesses can follow individuals social networking site uses in the local area and advertise specials and deals. These can be exclusive and in the form of "get a free drink with a copy of this tweet". This type of message encourages other

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For example, the Internet erupted with videos and pictures of iPhone 6 "bend test" which showed that the coveted phone could be bent by hand pressure. The so-called "bend gate" controversy created confusion amongst customers who had waited months for the launch of the latest rendition of the iPhone.

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use in the mobile advertising industry is high and rising due to its value for on-the-go web browsing. In 2012, Nexage, a provider of real time bidding in mobile advertising reported a 37% increase in revenue each month. Adfonic, another mobile advertisement publishing platform, reported an increase

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or more precisely, e-word of mouth. The Internet's ability to reach billions across the globe has given online word of mouth a powerful voice and far reach. The ability to rapidly change buying patterns and product or service acquisition and activity to a growing number of consumers is defined as an

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Several customers are turning towards social media to express their appreciation or frustration with brands, product or services. Therefore, marketers can measure the frequency of which customers are discussing their brand and judge how effective their SMM strategies are. In recent studies, 72% of

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The code of ethics that is affiliated with traditional marketing can also be applied to social media. However, with social media being so personal and international, there is another list of complications and challenges that come along with being ethical online. A sensitive topic about social media

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Planned content is often noticeable to customers and is un-original or lacks excitement but is also a safer option to avoid unnecessary backlash from the public. Both routes for planned content are time-consuming as in the above; the first way to approval takes 72 hours to be approved. Although the

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They can review products and services for their followings, which can be positive or negative towards the brand. OL's and OF's are people who have a social status and because of their personality, beliefs, values etc. have the potential to influence other people. They usually have a large number of

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Snapchat is a popular messaging and picture exchanging application that was created in 2011 by three students at Stanford University named Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, and Reggie Brown. The application was first developed to allow users to message back and forth and to also send photographs that are

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The idea of Instagram pictures lies on on-the-go, a sense that the event is happening right now, and that adds another layer to the personal and accurate picture of the company. In fact, Thomas Rankin, co-founder and CEO of the program Dash Hudson, stated that when he approves a blogger's Instagram

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in 2014, WhatsApp continues to operate as a separate app with a laser focus on building a messaging service that works fast and reliably anywhere in the world. Started as an alternative to SMS, WhatsApp now supports sending and receiving a variety of media including text, photos, videos, documents,

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Marketing through social media has other benefits as well. Of the top 10 factors that correlate with a strong Google organic search, seven are social media dependent. This means that if brands are less or non-active on social media, they tend to show up less on Google searches. While platforms such

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With the advent of social media marketing, it has become increasingly important to gain customer interest in products and services. This can eventually be translated into buying behavior, or voting and donating behavior in a political context. New online marketing concepts of engagement and loyalty

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who gets endorsed by a sporting goods company also brings their support base of millions of people who are interested in what they do or how they play and now they want to be a part of this athlete through their endorsements with that particular company. At one point consumers would visit stores to

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Social media can be a useful source of market information and a way to hear customer perspectives. Blogs, content communities, and forums are platforms where individuals share their reviews and recommendations of brands, products, and services. Businesses are able to tap and analyze customer voices

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that allow consumers to express their needs, wants and values, online. Social media marketing then connects these consumers and audiences to businesses that share the same needs, wants, and values. Through social networking sites, companies can keep in touch with individual followers. This personal

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For many users, this is a breach of privacy, but there are no laws that prevent these companies from using the information provided on their websites. Companies like Equifax, Inc., TransUnion Corp, and LexisNexis Group thrive on collecting and sharing personal information of social media users. In

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Some people may react negatively because they believe it is an invasion of privacy. On the other hand, some individuals may enjoy this feature because their social network recognizes their interests and sends them particular advertisements pertaining to those interests. Consumers like to network

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Influencers may help brands obtain more consumers by promoting their products in an honest and genuine way using personal sales methods, which is why brands think collaborating with influencers is a smart idea. However, the reason influencer marketing works so well is that it uses real, shareable,

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These posts can be one or more of the following: images, photo sets, animated GIFs, video, audio, and text posts. For the users to differentiate the promoted posts to the regular users' posts, the promoted posts have a dollar symbol on the corner. On May 6, 2014, Tumblr announced customization and

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Some businesses opt out of integrating social media platforms into their traditional marketing regimen. There are also specific corporate standards that apply when interacting online. To maintain an advantage in a business-consumer relationship, businesses have to be aware of four key assets that

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Many brands are now heavily using this mobile app to boost their marketing strategy. Instagram can be used to gain the necessary momentum needed to capture the attention of the market segment that has an interest in the product offering or services. Products on social media can be marketed in many

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where followers can comment on the product pages for others to see. Facebook can link back to the product's Twitter page, as well as send out event reminders. As of May 2015, 93% of businesses marketers use Facebook to promote their brand. Facebooks original owner, Mark Zuckerberg created Meta in

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to reach audiences much wider than through the use of traditional print/TV/radio advertisements alone at a fraction of the cost, as most social networking sites can be used at little or no cost (however, some websites charge companies for premium services). This has changed the ways that companies

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According to Constantinides, Lorenzo and Gómez Borja (2008) "Business executives like Jonathan Swartz, President and CEO of Sun Microsystems, Steve Jobs CEO of Apple Computers, and McDonald's Vice President Bob Langert post regularly in their CEO blogs, encouraging customers to interact and freely

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conditions (which means not using consumers' private information for gain), respect the dignity of persons in the shared online community, and claim responsibility for any mistakes or mishaps that are results of your marketing campaign. Most social network marketers use websites like Facebook and

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When using unplanned content Brito (2013) says, "be prepared to be reactive and respond to issues when they arise". Brito (2013) writes about having a, "crisis escalation plan", because, "It will happen". The plan involves breaking down the issue into topics and classifying the issue into groups.

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When it comes to brands and businesses, Instagram's goal is to help companies to reach their respective audiences through captivating imagery in a rich, visual environment. Moreover, Instagram provides a platform where user and company can communicate publicly and directly, making itself an ideal

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have a larger number of monthly users, the visual media sharing based mobile platforms, however, garner a higher interaction rate in comparison and have registered the fastest growth and have changed the ways in which consumers engage with brand content. Instagram has an interaction rate of 1.46%

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One social media platform that has used this ground-changing strategy is TikTok. TikTok has become one of the fastest growing applications to date and currently has around 1.5 billion users, mainly consisting of children and teenagers. The algorithm used within this platform encourages creativity

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The top three social media incidents an organization faced during the previous year included employees sharing too much information in public forums, loss or exposure of confidential information, and increased exposure to litigation. Due to the viral nature of the Internet, a mistake by a single

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Promotional opportunities such as sponsoring a video is also possible on YouTube, "for example, a user who searches for a YouTube video on dog training may be presented with a sponsored video from a dog toy company in results along with other videos." YouTube also enable publishers to earn money

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is another popular avenue; advertisements are done in a way to suit the target audience. The type of language used in the commercials and the ideas used to promote the product reflect the audience's style and taste. Also, the ads on this platform are usually in sync with the content of the video

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On top of this, marketers do not only use social media for traditional Internet advertising, but they also encourage users to create attention for a certain brand. This generally creates an opportunity for greater brand exposure. Furthermore, marketers are also using the platform to drive social

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Each participating customer, non-customer, or citizen who is participating online via social media becomes a part of the marketing department (or a challenge to the marketing effort) as other customers read their positive or negative comments or reviews. Getting consumers, potential consumers or

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More than three billion people in the world are active on the Internet. Over the years, the Internet has continually gained more and more users, jumping from 738 million in 2000 all the way to 5.3 billion in 2023. Roughly 81% of the current population in the United States has some type of social

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allow followers to "retweet" or "repost" comments made by others about a product being promoted, which occurs quite frequently on some social media sites. By repeating the message, the user's connections can see it, reaching more people. Because the information about the product is being put out

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Owned social media channels are an essential extension of businesses and brands in today's world. Brand must seek to create their brand image on each platform, and cater to the type of consumer demographics on each respective platform. In contrast with pre-Internet marketing, such as TV ads and

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For example, a blender can be marketed in an online post at 15.99, but this could exclude taxes, blades, and cups, which are extra. Social media platforms struggle with regulating these false advertising posts on their platforms. As Instagram is supported by Apple and android system, it can be

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The end goal of any marketing effort is to generate sales. Although social media is a useful marketing tool, it is often difficult to quantify to what extent it is contributing to profit. ROI can be measured by comparing marketing analytic value to contact database or CRM and connect marketing

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Social networking sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, MySpace etc. have all influenced the buzz of word of mouth marketing. In 1999, Misner said that word-of mouth marketing is, "the world's most effective, yet least understood marketing strategy" (Trusov, Bucklin, & Pauwels, 2009,

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in marketing is as a communications tool that makes the companies accessible to those interested in their product and makes them visible to those who have no knowledge of their products. These companies use social media to create buzz, and learn from and target customers. It's the only form of

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Studies from 2009 show that consumers view coverage in the media or from bloggers as being more neutral and credible than print advertisements, which are not thought of as free or independent. Blogs allow a product or company to provide longer descriptions of products or services, can include

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Many social media platforms struggle with ethical dilemmas because of the ability for people to market however they want. Companies can unethically promote their product by lying to consumers. Marketing ads have caused over 1.2 billion dollars in fraudulent charges. This is due to the lack of

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introduced its Make It Count social media campaign. The campaign kickoff began with YouTubers Casey Neistat and Max Joseph launching a YouTube video on April 9, 2012, where they traveled 34,000 miles to visit 16 cities in 13 countries. They promoted the #makeitcount hashtag, which millions of

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Mobile phone usage is beneficial for social media marketing because of its web browsing capabilities, which allow individuals to have immediate access to social networking sites. Mobile phones have altered the path-to-purchase process by allowing consumers to easily obtain pricing and product

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These small groups rotate around social networking accounts that are run by influential people (opinion leaders or "thought leaders") who have followers of groups. The types of groups (followers) are called: reference groups (people who know each other either face-to-face or have an indirect

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In addition, customers will feel the company has engaged them in the process of co-creation—the process in which the business uses customer feedback to create or modify a product or service the filling a need of the target market. Such feedback can present in various forms, such as surveys,

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allow individuals, businesses and other organizations to interact with one another and build relationships and communities online. When companies join these social channels, consumers can interact with them directly. That interaction can be more personal to users than traditional methods of

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Heath (2006) wrote about the extent of attention businesses should give to their social media sites. It is about finding a balance between frequently posting but not over posting. There is a lot more attention to be paid towards social media sites because people need updates to gain brand

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with an average of 130 million users monthly as opposed to Twitter which has a .03% interaction rate with an average of 210 million monthly users. Unlike traditional media that are often cost-prohibitive to many companies, a social media strategy does not require astronomical budgeting.

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LinkedIn provides its members the opportunity to generate sales leads and business partners. Members can use "Company Pages" similar to Facebook pages to create an area that will allow business owners to promote their products or services and be able to interact with their customers.

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is a free tool that shows the behavior and other information, such as demographics and device type used, of website visitors from social networks. This and other commercial offers can aid marketers in choosing the most effective social networks and social media marketing activities.

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is to send messages to their target audiences through posts to amplify the credibility of a product or brand. A social media post by an opinion leader can have a much greater impact (via the forwarding of the post or "liking" of the post) than a social media post by a regular user.

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revolve around legal issues and whether the message being sent out represents the business/brand accordingly. If a company sends out a Tweet or Facebook message too hurriedly, the company may unintentionally use insensitive language or messaging that could alienate some consumers.

825:, text, and conversations. It is also represented through sharing of content and information from others via weblinks. The second part is reactive conversations with social media users responding to those who reach out to your social media profiles through commenting or messaging. 729:

in social media user's online posts and comments. It would be hard for a TV station or paper-based newspaper to provide ads that are this targeted (though not impossible, as can be seen with "special issue" sections on niche issues, which newspapers can use to sell targeted ads).

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Schaffer, Neal. Maximize Your Social : A One-Stop Guide to Building a Social Media Strategy for Marketing and Business Success. Somerset, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 3 December 2014. Copyright © 2013. John Wiley & Sons. All rights

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opened a Facebook page to recommend old-style restaurants, the page was flooded by furious comments criticizing the REIT for having forced a lot of restaurants and stores to shut down; it had to terminate its campaign early amid further deterioration of its corporate

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For example, with newspapers, readership over the years has shown a decline. However, readership with newspapers is still fiercely loyal to print-only media. 51% of newspaper readers only read the newspaper in its print form, making well-placed ads valuable.

1487:, Tumblr requires advertisers to create a Tumblr blog so the content of those blogs can be featured on the site. In one year, four native ad formats were created on web and mobile, and had more than 100 brands advertising on Tumblr with 500 cumulative 766:

express their feelings, ideas, suggestions, or remarks about their postings, the company or its products". Using customer influencers (for example popular bloggers) can be a very efficient and cost-effective method to launch new products or services

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their ads. Hypertargeting not only uses public profile information but also information users submit but hide from others. There are several examples of firms initiating some form of online dialog with the public to foster relations with customers.

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analysis technologies, marketers can detect buying signals, such as content shared by people and questions posted online. An understanding of buying signals can help sales people target relevant prospects and marketers run micro-targeted campaigns.

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Social media marketing provides organizations with a way to connect with their customers. However, organizations must protect their information as well as closely watch comments and concerns on the social media they use. A flash poll done on 1225

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Colour coding the potential risk "identify and flag potential risks" also helps to organise an issue. The problem can then be handled by the correct team and dissolved more effectively rather than any person at hand trying to solve the situation.

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Of course, review sites, such as Yelp, also help small businesses to build their reputation beyond just brand visibility. Positive customer peer reviews help to influence new prospects to purchase goods and services more than company advertising.

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post before it is posted on the behalf of a brand his company represents, his only negative feedback is if it looks too posed. "It's not an editorial photo," he explained, "We're not trying to be a magazine. We're trying to create a moment."

1521:– Spotlight is a directory of some of the popular blogs throughout the community and a place where users can find new blogs to follow. Advertisers can choose one category out of fifty categories that they can have their blog listed on there. 5376: 733:

Social networks are, in many cases, viewed as a great tool for avoiding costly market research. They are known for providing a short, fast, and direct way to reach an audience through a person who is widely known. For example, an

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to do a piece on how brands are using Instagram to market their products, and how bloggers make money from it. Bernstein, who currently has one and a half million followers on Instagram, and whose "outfit of the day" photos on

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Mobile devices have become increasingly popular, where 5.7 billion people are using them worldwide. This has played a role in the way consumers interact with media and has many further implications for TV ratings, advertising,

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2012, Facebook purchased information from 70 million households from a third-party company called Datalogix. Facebook later revealed that they purchased the information in order to create a more efficient advertising service.

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easily accessed by smartphone users. Moreover, it can be accessed by the Internet as well. Thus, the marketers see it as a potential platform to expand their brands exposure to the public, especially the younger target group.

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Unlike traditional market research methods such as surveys, focus groups, and data mining which are time-consuming and costly, and which take weeks or even months to analyze, marketers can use social media to obtain 'live' or

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downloads, advertising and subscriptions. As of 2013, worldwide mobile phone Internet user penetration was 73.4%. In 2017, figures suggest that more than 90% of Internet users will access online content through their phones.

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Additionally, some of these websites have also implemented measures to make ads more relevant to users by allowing users to vote on which ones will be shown on pages they frequent. The ability to redirect large volumes of

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get tens of thousands of screenshots, explained that for a lot of her sponsored posts, she must feature the brand in a certain number of posts, and often cannot wear a competitor's product in the same picture. According to

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There has been an increase in social media marketing in sport, as sports teams and clubs recognise the importance of keeping a rapport with their fans and other audiences through social media. Sports personalities such as

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used as a tool to connect and communicate with current and potential customers. The company can present a more personal picture of their brand, and by doing so the company conveys a better and true picture of itself.

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published from business and brand pages. Adjustments in Facebook algorithms have reduced the audience for non-paying business pages (that have at least 500,000 "Likes") from 16% in 2012 down to 2% in February 2014.

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such as mobile audio streaming or mobile video are on the rise – In the United States, more than 100 million users are projected to access online video content via mobile device. Mobile video revenue consists of

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influence on a person's attitude or behaviour); membership groups (a person has a direct influence on a person's attitude or behaviour); and aspirational groups (groups which an individual wishes to belong to).

3585: 1794:. Social networking sites have become a hub of comment and interaction concerning the event. This allows individuals watching the event on the west coast (time-delayed) to know the outcome before it airs. The 5543:

Yao, Becatien; Shanoyan, Aleksan; Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa; Boyer, Cheryl; Baker, Lauri (April 2019). "The use of new-media marketing in the green industry: Analysis of social media use and impact on sales".

1503:– Advertisements (Advertisers' blog posts) will show up on user's Dashboard when the user is on a mobile device such as smartphones and tablets, allowing them to like, reblog, and share the sponsored post. 1197:

restrictions social media platforms put on what kind of ads are published. Because of the lack of restrictions on what is posted on social media, false prices, deals, and features can be easily promoted.

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consumers shared via Twitter and Instagram by uploading photos and messages. The #MakeItCount YouTube video went viral and Nike saw an 18% increase in profit in 2012, the year this product was released.

4144: 1509:– "Largest in-stream ad unit on the web" that catches the users' attention when looking at their Dashboard through their computer or laptop. It also allows the viewers to like, reblog, and share it. 1762:

The Internet and social networking leaks are one of the issues facing traditional advertising. Video and print ads are often leaked to the world via the Internet earlier than they are scheduled to

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The first is where each sector approves the plan one after another, editor, brand, followed by the legal team (Brito, 2013). Sectors may differ depending on the size and philosophy of the business.

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newspaper ads, in which the marketer controlled all aspects of the ad, with social media, users are free to post comments right below an online ad or an online post by a company about its product.

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would be an online hotel review; the hotel company can have two possible outcomes based on their service. A good service would result in a positive review which gets the hotel free advertising via

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In 2014, over 80% of business executives identified social media as an integral part of their business. Business retailers have seen 133% increases in their revenues from social media marketing.

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different ways. This means that they are displayed more positively than the actual item itself. This is often a tactic used by companies to promote their product on a social media platform.

1827:'s Twitter mishap in 2011. When Kenneth Cole tweeted, "Millions are in uproar in #Cairo. Rumor has they heard our new spring collection is now available online at ". This reference to the 1675:

Planned content begins with the creative/marketing team generating their ideas, once they have completed their ideas they send them off for approval. There is two general ways of doing so.

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was first released in 2016 and became one of the most popular social media apps with over 1 billion users worldwide. It is mainly mobile-based, allowing users to post short video content.

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use in a business or political context allows all consumers/citizens to express and share an opinion about a company's products, services, business practices, or a government's actions.

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Engagement in social media for the purpose of a social media strategy is divided into two parts. The first is proactive, regular posting of new online content. This can be seen through

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However, Apple promptly issued a statement saying that the problem was extremely rare and that the company had taken several steps to make the mobile device's case stronger and robust.

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The second is where each sector is given 24 hours (or such designated time) to sign off or disapprove. If no action is given within the 24-hour period the original plan is implemented.

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drew an objection from the public; it was widely objected to on the Internet. Kenneth Cole realized his mistake shortly after and responded with a statement apologizing for the tweet.

2337: 4211: 3209: 669:" information about consumer behavior and viewpoints on a company's brand or products. This can be useful in the highly dynamic, competitive, and fast-paced global marketplace. 6108: 2158:

Chang, Ray; Oh, Wonseok; Pinsonneault, Alain; Kwon, Dowan (2010). "A Network Perspective of Digital Competition in Online Advertising Industries: A Simulation-Based Approach".

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With social networks, information relevant to the user's likes is available to businesses; who then advertise accordingly. Activities such as uploading a picture of your "new

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allows companies to promote their products in short messages known as tweets limited to 280 characters which appear on followers' Home timelines. Tweets can contain text,

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The general concept of being ethical while marking on social network sites is to be honest with the intentions of the campaign, avoid false advertising, be aware of user

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are a few examples of multinationals that adopted the mobile photo app early. Fashion blogger Danielle Bernstein, who goes by @weworewhat on Instagram, collaborated with

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locals to follow the business on the sites in order to obtain the promotional deal. In the process, the business is getting seen and promoting itself (brand visibility).

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provide advertisers with information about the likes and dislikes of their consumers. This technique is crucial, as it provides the businesses with a "target audience".

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DeVito, M.A., Gergle, D. and Birnholtz, J. (2017). ""Algorithms ruin everything": #RIPTwitter, Folk Theories, and Resistance to Algorithmic Change in Social Media".

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Allows companies to promote themselves to large, diverse audiences that could not be reached through traditional marketing such as phone and email-based advertising.

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often include the banner or pop-up ads. Social networking sites don't always have ads. In exchange, products have entire pages and are able to interact with users.

2494: 2470: 1389:, bought Musical.ly in 2017 at an estimated $ 1 billion. With both platforms under the same company, ByteDance merged the two in 2018, keeping TikTok as the name. 5239: 2413: 1638:, on social media that are recognized as being opinion leaders and opinion-formers based on the credibility of their following. An influencers role under a brand 5637: 7299: 5514: 5318: 2524: 1297:", a video sharing feature where social media users could upload 15-60 second long videos. As of January 2022, YouTube Shorts videos had over 5 trillion views. 5796:

de Vries, L., Gensler, S. and Leeflang, P. (2012). "Popularity of brand posts on brand fan pages: An investigation of the effects of social media marketing".

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Trusov, M.; Bucklin, R. E.; Pauwels, K. (2009). "Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: Findings from an internet social networking site".

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create an environment for companies and clients to connect online. Companies that recognize the need for information, originality and accessibility employ

543:

Social networking sites also include much information about what products and services prospective clients might be interested in. Through the use of new

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Schivinski, Bruno; Christodoulides, George; Dabrowski, Dariusz (2016-03-01). "Measuring Consumers' Engagement With Brand-Related Social-Media Content".

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tool, but also as a communication channel, targeting very specific audiences with social media influencers and social media personalities as effective

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In 2018, Max Factor, MAC and other beauty brands were forced to rush to disassociate themselves from Kuwaiti beauty blogger and Instagram 'influencer'

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on the west coast learned who won different awards based on comments made on social networking sites by individuals watching live on the east coast.

1588:. Electronic recommendations and appraisals are a convenient manner to have a product promoted via "consumer-to-consumer interactions. An example of 693:. Influencer marketing allows brands the opportunity to reach their target audience in a more genuine, authentic way via a special group of selected 7063: 6101: 2853: 1892:

on the massive amounts of information people reveal on the site about themselves. This may be an unethical or ethical feature to some individuals.

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in 2012 attracting attention due to numerous complaints and negative events customers experienced at the chain store; and a 2011 tweet posted by a

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requested, this is another advantage YouTube brings for advertisers. Certain ads are presented with certain videos since the content is relevant.

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A study from 2011 attributed 84% of "engagement" or clicks and likes that link back to Facebook advertising. By 2014, Facebook had restricted the

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Engagement with the social web means that customers and stakeholders are active participants rather than passive viewers. An example of these are

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employee violating health code standards, which went viral on the Internet and later resulted in felony charges against two employees. A Twitter

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a tablet while watching a streaming TV show), marketing content needs to be consistent across all platforms, whether traditional or new media.

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Dahlen, M., Lange, F., & Smith, T. (2010). Marketing communications: A brand narrative approach. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons.

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into followers and potential customers. Also, by choosing whom to follow on these sites, products can reach a very narrow target audience.

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tools, enabling companies to track the progress, success, and engagement of social media marketing campaigns. Companies address a range of

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Sepp, M.; Liljander, V.; Gummerus, J. (2011). "Private bloggers' motivations to produce content – a gratifications theory perspective".

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Social networking sites such as LinkedIn, also provide an opportunity for small businesses to find candidates to fill staff positions.

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Kim, Ellen; Mattila, A.; Baloglu, S. (2011). "Effects of gender and expertise on consumers' motivation to read online hotel reviews".

3201: 6057: 1122: 179: 5660: 4089: 3919: 3403: 2827: 2629: 1358: 1168: 1155: 216: 198: 65: 5721: 4951: 4913:"Influencing COBRAs: the effects of brand equity on the consumer's propensity to engage with brand-related content on social media" 3039: 1205:

shopping and inspire people to collect and share pictures of their favorite products. Many big names have already jumped on board:

466:, setting the scope (e.g. more active or passive use) and the establishment of a firm's desired social media "culture" and "tone". 151: 3518: 1815:

executives from 33 countries revealed that social media mishaps caused organizations a combined $ 4.3 million in damages in 2010.

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asking viewers to check out the product website for more information. While briefly popular, print ads included QR codes on them.

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which can be used by marketers and managers to track and respond to consumer-identified problems and detect market opportunities.

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Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L., & Armstrong, G. (2013). marketing (9th ed.). NSW, Australia: Pearson Australia.

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and feedback generated in social media for marketing purposes. In this sense, social media is a relatively inexpensive source of

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Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L., & Armstrong, G. (2013). marketing (9th ed.). NSW, Australia: Pearson Australia

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Ryu, Jay Sung (2013). "Mobile Marketing Communications in the Retail Environment: A comparison of QR code users and non users".

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Muntinga, Daniel; Moorman, M.; Smit, E. (2011). "Introducing COBRAs exploring motivations for brand-related social media use".

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advertising their product or service. In fact, brands are set to spend up to $ 15 billion on influencer marketing by 2022, per

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Brito, M. (2013). How content governance will facilitate media company transformation. InYour brand (pp. 3-7). Retrieved from

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pages are far more detailed than Twitter accounts. They allow a product to provide videos, photos, longer descriptions, and

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A video advert for a fashion magazine. Notice the vertical aspect ratio and rapid fire of information to capture attention.

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Social media and their impact on organisations: building Firm Celebrity and organisational legitimacy through social media

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Rinallo, Diego; Basuroy, Suman (November 2009). "Does Advertising Spending Influence Media Coverage of the Advertiser?".

4174: 3697: 3349: 1596:. However, a poor service will result in a negative consumer review which can potentially harm the company's reputation. 896:

Marketing on most social media platforms comes at little to no cost- making it accessible to virtually any size business.

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are still dominant in academia, social media marketing is becoming more popular for both practitioners and researchers.

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Felix, R.; Rauschnabel, P.A.; Hinsch, C. (2016). "Elements of Strategic Social Media Marketing: A Holistic Framework".

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Parsons, Amy L.; Lepkowska-White, Elzbieta (2018-04-03). "Social Media Marketing Management: A Conceptual Framework".

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Deshpande, P. (2014, August 24). The content marketing pyramid: Create more with less. Retrieved April 1, 2016, from

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Fill, C., Hughes, G., & De Francesco, S. (2013). Advertising Strategy, creativity and media. London, UK: Pearson.

4283:"YouTube Shorts Tops 5 Trillion Views to Date, Platform to Test Shopping and Branded Content for TikTok-Style Videos" 2067:

Shaltoni, AM (2016-07-01). "E-marketing education in transition: An analysis of international courses and programs".

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Companies can engage with customers directly, allowing them to obtain feedback and resolve issues almost immediately.

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Social media content that has been driven by algorithms has become an increasingly popular feature in recent years.

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Clement, M.; Proppe, D.; Rott, A. (2007). "Do critics make bestsellers? Opinion leaders and the success of books".

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This involves tracking the volume of visits, leads, and customers to a website from the individual social channel.

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consists of a comprehensive online index of business profiles. Businesses are searchable by location, similar to

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Heath, R.; Brandt, D.; Narin, A. (2006). "Brand relationships: Strengthened by emotion, weakened by attention".

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to make their products popular and unique/ and ultimately reach out to consumers who are privy to social media.

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Marketing and PR in Social Media: How the utilization of Instagram builds and maintains customer relationships

3890: 2373: 5461: 3761: 3644: 7106: 6926: 6866: 6771: 6465: 5472: 5171: 3065:"An Assessment of the Use of Social Media in the Industrial Distribution Business-to-Business Market Sector" 1824: 1581: 1561: 1287: 833: 791: 714: 606:

information in real time. They have also allowed companies to constantly remind and update their followers.

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through social media marketing, including current and potential customers, current and potential employees,

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Most social media platforms such as: Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram, and X, among others, have built-in data

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Deis, Michael H.; Hensel, Kyle (2010). "Using social media to increase advertising and improve marketing".

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Hanna, R., Rohm, A., Crittenden V. (2011). "We're all connected: The power of the social media ecosystem".

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Chiang, I-Ping; Chung-Hsien Hsieh (October 2011). "Exploring the impact of blog marketing on consumers".

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Can be useful for gaining potential customers and gives them access to become involved with the business.

7418: 7198: 6886: 6701: 6315: 6233: 5825: 5486:領匯「尋味」腰斬如何拆網絡炸彈 (The Link terminates its search for "old tastes": How to improve online corporate image 5392: 4414:

Ad 'Experiments' Come To Delicious As It Updates Social Bookmarking API With Authentication, Rate Limits

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second route can be significantly shorter it also holds more risk particularly in the legal department.

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people surveyed expressed that they expected a response to their complaints on Twitter within an hour.

1404:, and organization of links to other websites that users deem to be of good quality. This process is " 1290:. Companies can pay YouTube for a special "channel" which promotes the companies products or services. 713:, advertisers can target their ads to very specific demographics, such as people who are interested in 5769:

Mangold, W.G. & Faulds, D.J. (2009). "Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix".

3166: 7408: 7122: 6957: 6811: 6248: 3807: 2726:"Navigating the New Era of Influencer Marketing: How to be Successful on Instagram, TikTok, & Co" 1931: 1631: 690: 352: 4537: 2214: 644:

There is both a passive approach and an active approach for using social media as a marketing tool:

172: 7361: 7157: 7068: 7012: 6982: 6891: 5433: 1536: 743:, latest apparel online with the click of a button. He advertises them to you directly through his 686: 666: 654: 532: 361: 333: 314: 3945: 2103:

Influence of Business Engagement in Online Word-of-mouth Communication on Twitter: A Path Analysis

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2004 which is a new brand for Facebook apps and features. Meta is the parent company of Facebook.

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Social platforms can also be used to offer incentives in the form of loyalty points and discounts.

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Can be used as a means of obtaining information about competitors and boost competitive advantage.

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Constantinides E.; Lorenzo C.; Gómez M.A. (2008). "Social Media: A New Frontier for Retailers?".

2227: 2175: 2016: 1981: 1795: 1635: 1624: 1429: 1397: 1385:, the two platforms existed separately at a point in time. The Chinese parent company of TikTok, 718: 694: 384: 291: 281: 252: 5933: 3548: 1237: 5285: 4413: 2600:

Gillin, P. (2007): The New Influencers, a Marketer's Guide to the new Social Media, Sanger, CA.

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sites are used in social media promotion. Each of these sites is dedicated to the collection,

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marketing that can finger consumers at each and every stage of the consumer decision journey.

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Accommodates personalized and direct marketing that targets specific demographics and markets.

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On a strategic level, social media marketing includes the management of a marketing campaign,

437: 286: 6038: 5877: 2907:"Move over generation X, Y and Z, here come generation #hashtag: the social media revolution" 2780: 7273: 7225: 7127: 7032: 7017: 6776: 6731: 6470: 6385: 6335: 6238: 5805: 5778: 5600: 5553: 5412: 5140: 5087: 5043: 4992: 4984: 4927: 4885: 4842: 4804: 4581: 4542: 4505: 4018: 3580: 3466: 3271:

Funk T. (2013) Measuring Success. In: Advanced Social Media Marketing. Apress, Berkeley, CA.

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recognition. Therefore, a lot more content is need and this can often be unplanned content.

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Schivinski, Bruno; Muntinga, Daan G.; Pontes, Halley M.; Lukasik, Przemyslaw (2019-02-10).

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and viral content to reach a large audience and provide a profitable return on investment.

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view their products with famous athletes, but now you can view a famous athlete's, such as

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International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies

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employee has in some cases shown to result in devastating consequences for organizations.

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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

17: 7235: 7162: 7073: 7027: 7007: 6997: 6932: 6671: 6661: 6485: 2724:

Haenlein, M., Anadol, E., Farnsworth, T., Hugo, H., Hunichen, J. and Welte, D. (2020).

1851: 1601: 1556: 1488: 1294: 758: 710: 2434: 2112:. Electronic Markets: The International Journal on Networked Business. 21(3), 161-175. 1133: 7402: 7203: 6831: 6555: 6505: 6395: 6283: 5817: 5573: 5099: 5055: 4947: 4897: 4862: 4593: 3719: 3024: 2751: 2693: 2231: 1855: 1847: 1791: 1182: 1092: 822: 818: 516: 324: 309: 5152: 5006: 4816: 4554: 1241:, industry estimates say that brands are spending more than $ 1 billion per year on 1181:

93% of prestige brands have an active presence on Instagram and include it in their

923:

Builds a community that enhances a business’s reach in their selected target market.

7172: 6947: 6613: 6583: 6545: 6510: 6500: 6305: 5659:

Neher, Melissa S. Barker, Donald I. Barker, Nicholas F. Bormann, Krista E. (2013).

4007:"Virtual Boundaries: Ethical Considerations for Use of Social Media in Social Work" 2880:"The Impact of Online Reviews on Customers' Buying Decisions [Infographic]" 2639: 2305: 1774:

is also a problem facing traditional advertisers. When social events occur and are

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citizens to be engaged online is fundamental to successful social media marketing.

803: 722: 706: 632: 494: 478: 425: 4931: 3608: 3008: 2906: 2685: 2053: 5809: 5782: 5515:"MAC Cosmetics releases statement denouncing Kuwaiti influencer Sondos Al Qattan" 5047: 3244: 1866:

after she criticised government moves to improve conditions for domestic workers.

7345: 7340: 7263: 7167: 7042: 7037: 6987: 6791: 6751: 6560: 6325: 6278: 6223: 4375:""musical.ly and TikTok Unite to Debut New Worldwide Short Form Video Platform"" 2480: 1425: 1417: 1409: 1310: 1218: 1061: 795: 482: 433: 342: 114: 4509: 4324: 4300: 2944: 2080: 917:

Allows companies to build an online platform to promote and sell their product.

528:

there and is getting repeated, more traffic is brought to the product/company.

7371: 7278: 7248: 6861: 6821: 6736: 6726: 6618: 6540: 6460: 6360: 6320: 6268: 6183: 5144: 5091: 4912: 4585: 4350:"musical.ly and TikTok Unite to Debut New Worldwide Short Form Video Platform" 4166: 3693: 3470: 3341: 2578:

The Facebook Era: Tapping Online Social Networks to Market, Sell, and Innovate

2129:"Social Network in marketing (Social Media Marketing) Opportunities and Risks" 1724: 1695: 1382: 1214: 1189:

platform for companies to connect with their current and potential customers.

1084: 877: 726: 463: 452: 6086: 5907: 5614: 5565: 5357: 4939: 4889: 4854: 4808: 4229:"Here's everything you need to know about how many people are using Snapchat" 4030: 3478: 3088: 3016: 2742: 2725: 2672:

Weimann, G. and Masri, N. (2020). "Research note: spreading hate on TikTok".

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have emerged which aim to build customer participation and brand reputation.

7137: 6992: 6977: 6952: 6911: 6906: 6786: 6741: 6721: 6716: 6676: 6475: 6450: 6430: 6410: 6375: 6293: 6258: 6243: 5993:"Cristiano Ronaldo Is First Athlete With 200 Million Social Media Followers" 5908:"Web Analytics Tools, Event Tracking & More – Google Analytics Features" 5237:

Internet overtakes television to become biggest advertising sector in the UK

4673: 4456: 4065:"Bad ads on social media: FTC asks platforms about their screening policies" 3454: 3080: 2854:"Survey: 92% of Recruiters Use Social Media to Find High-Quality Candidates" 2620: 2612:

Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

1964: 1775: 1747: 1544: 1484: 1464: 1386: 1206: 1177: 966: 559: 544: 444: 5665:(1st ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. pp. 76–78. 4046: 2548:"Influencer Marketing: State of the social media influencer market in 2020" 2171: 1463:

Blogs can be updated frequently and are promotional techniques for keeping

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testimonials and can link to and from other social network and blog pages.

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first launched ad products on May 29, 2012. Rather than relying on simple

1440: 1091:. The website is operational in seven different countries, including the 950: 7047: 6972: 6967: 6836: 6816: 6691: 6656: 6603: 6480: 6455: 6440: 6390: 6310: 6228: 5605: 5588: 5172:

http://www.quepublishing.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2143149&seqNum=3

4988: 4846: 4546: 4141:"As Instagram Rolls Out Ad Platform, Brands Are Seeing Record Engagement" 4091:

Instagram: A Content Analysis into Marketing on Instagram. Masters Thesis

2517:"Apple says iPhone 6 Plus bending through normal use is 'extremely rare'" 1763: 1732: 1728: 1699: 1570: 1449: 1231: 1222: 1065: 1057: 1053: 1038: 1012: 946: 754: 750: 579: 575: 555: 470: 5934:"72% of People Who Complain on Twitter Expect a Response Within an Hour" 4167:"Guide: Kommunicera rätt med Instagram (Communicate Right on Instagram)" 4038: 4022: 4006: 3111: 3096: 3064: 2179: 957:

To this end, companies make use of platforms such as Facebook, Twitter,

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Some examples of popular social networking websites over the years are

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Twitter account dedicated to poke fun at Kenneth Cole for #Cairo tweet

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Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology

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consumers maintain: information, involvement, community, and control.

911:

Social platforms can be used to promote brand events, deals, and news.

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has already overtaken television as the largest advertising market.

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The John Marshall Journal of Information Technology and Privacy Law

4569: 4434:"How to Integrate Reddit Into Your Next Digital Marketing Campaign" 3545:"Facebook Zero: Considering Life After the Demise of Organic Reach" 1698:

was criticized after she made a social media post commenting about

7366: 7022: 7002: 6942: 6921: 6901: 6896: 6881: 6876: 6846: 6801: 6781: 6686: 6550: 6435: 6425: 6330: 6263: 6158: 3920:"Tools and Tips to Help Marketers Inspire and Engage on Instagram" 3753: 3640: 3313:"Because We're Happy: Using Social Media to Turn Audiences Around" 3119:

International Journal of Enterprise Computing and Business Systems

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Social Media Marketing: The Next Generation of Business Engagement

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Barger, Victor; Peltier, James W.; Schultz, Don E. (2016-01-01).

3202:"Social Media Marketing: How Do Top Brands Use Social Platforms?" 1569:(eWOM) to successfully advertise online. Social networks such as 469:

When using social media marketing, firms can allow customers and

7387: 6806: 6796: 6666: 6628: 6370: 6350: 6298: 6288: 6253: 4619:"Marketr — Let's kick things off with a look back at how far..." 2286:

The Impact of Social Media Marketing Trends on Digital Marketing

1453: 6090: 2374:"INFOGRAPHIC: Inside The Mobile Real-Time Bidding Ad Ecosystem" 477:(e.g., online comments, product reviews, etc.), also known as " 6273: 4212:"Instagram Reels Statistics In 2024 (Engagement & Trends)" 3283:"4 Things Marketers May Not Know About Social Media Marketing" 1304: 1210: 1106: 108: 72: 31: 3370: 2406:"Number of mobile phone users worldwide 2013-2019 | Statista" 2330:"U.S. population with a social media profile 2017 | Statista" 5462:

High price to be paid for controversial social-media mishaps

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Gap Criticized For Insensitive Tweet During Hurricane Sandy

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Ideal environment for a company to conduct market research.

4760:"Apple seemingly turns to Tumblr to promote the iPhone 5c" 2945:"The Implications of Facebook Marketing for Organizations" 3493:"Social media platforms used by marketers worldwide 2015" 2464: 2462: 2460: 1854:

employee that no one in Detroit knows how to drive. When

5402:. Mediabistro.com (2011-02-03). Retrieved on 2013-01-11. 4457:"Digg Ads Are Here: Will Users Bury Them Into Oblivion?" 4094:. University of Amsterdam, Department of Communications. 3724:"Why LinkedIn Is the Social Network That Will Never Die" 5344:"Social Media Mishaps Cost Firms $ 4 Million in 2010". 3396:"Customer Service as a Spectator Sport Is About to End" 2938: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2193:

Jansen, B. J.; Zhang, M; Sobel, K; Chowdury, A (2009).

4103: 4101: 3430:"Twitter is now X. Here's what that means. - CBS News" 1823:

An example of a social media mishap includes designer

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Broderick, Ryan; Grinberg, Emanuella (13 June 2013).

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Kincy, Jason (2011). "Advertising and social media".

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Traditional advertising techniques include print and

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Possible benefits of social media marketing include:

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Saravanakumar, M. & SuganthaLakshmi, T. (2012).

5383:. Ibtimes.com (2011-02-04). Retrieved on 2013-01-11. 1884:

MySpace to try to drive traffic to another website.

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In 2014, Apple created a Tumblr page to promote the

1412:, a sudden surge of interest in the target website. 432:

to promote a product or service. Although the terms

7333: 7292: 7234: 7186: 7115: 7089: 7056: 6642: 6574: 6124: 5199:Cramer, T (2014). "The rise of content marketing". 4828: 4826: 2195:"Twitter Power: Tweets as Electronic Word of Mouth" 2101:Zhang, M., Jansen, B. J., and Chowdhury, A. (2011) 1432:sites a valuable asset for social media marketers. 757:are leading social media platforms where users can 139:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 5959: 5662:Social media marketing : a strategic approach 4700:"How 4 Brands Embraced Tumblr's New Mobile Design" 3980:"Instagram Marketing Success for Small Businesses" 3609:"Facebook is not making friends on Madison Avenue" 1766:. Social networking sites allow those leaks to go 1627:and blogger known for her sponsored fashion posts. 2069:The International Journal of Management Education 1746:These QR codes can be scanned by cell phones and 721:associated with a particular political party, or 709:even more precisely. Using digital tools such as 531:Social networking websites are based on building 27:Promotion of products or services on social media 5315:"Hey Grammys, you can't tape-delay social media" 1526:theming on mobile apps for brands to advertise. 602:media profile that they engage with frequently. 5847:"Summary Of Data Mining Issues and Regulations" 5589:"What Do We Know About Social-Media Marketing?" 5261:"How Technology is Changing Online Advertising" 4644:"How Tumblr Forces Advertisers to Get Creative" 3150:Saravanakumar, M., Suganthalakshmi, T. (2012). 3063:Flanigan, Rod L.; Obermier, Timothy R. (2016). 2990: 2988: 2986: 2984: 1428:and target specific, relevant audiences makes 7300:Issues relating to social networking services 6102: 5878:"10 ways you give up data without knowing it" 3040:"Getting Started with Social Media Marketing" 2943:Ramsaran-Fowdar, Rooma Roshnee (2013-03-31). 1072:WhatsApp messages and calls are secured with 402: 8: 5830:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5697:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3576:"Facebook's Like Affair With Brands Is Over" 3459:Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 3257:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3195: 3193: 3182:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2764:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2706:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2652:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1900:can be seen as a large ethically gray area. 6064:(dissertation). Retrieved 13 September 2018 5369: 5367: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4784: 1967:, creating opportunities for endorsements. 1555:Social media marketing involves the use of 1339:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 794:and groups that criticize companies (e.g., 66:Learn how and when to remove these messages 6109: 6095: 6087: 1770:, and be seen by many users more quickly. 1562:consumer's online brand-related activities 1136:. Please do not remove this message until 725:. Google AdSense does this by looking for 618:of 22 billion ad requests that same year. 409: 395: 243: 5961:"The importance of social media in sport" 5958:Cave, Andrew; Miller, Alex (2016-04-13). 5604: 4996: 4568:Kerr, Gayle; et al. (January 2012). 4536: 2960: 2741: 2619: 2360:International Journal of Mobile Marketing 2213: 1584:sneakers to Facebook" is an example of a 1359:Learn how and when to remove this message 1156:Learn how and when to remove this message 745:Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook accounts 217:Learn how and when to remove this message 199:Learn how and when to remove this message 7351:Decentralized Social Networking Protocol 5504:April 20, 2012, retrieved April 25, 2012 4257: 4255: 4253: 3112:"Social Media and Its Role in Marketing" 2122: 2120: 2118: 1132:Relevant discussion may be found on the 5476:March 17, 2011, retrieved April 4, 2012 4476: 4474: 4472: 4223: 4221: 2785:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 15–. 2032: 1714:Implications on traditional advertising 689:tools. This tactic is widely known as 677:Social media can be used not only as a 383: 360: 332: 299: 251: 7414:Promotion and marketing communications 7356:Distributed Social Networking Protocol 5823: 5690: 5630:"The Ethics of Social Media Marketing" 5434:"Video Prank at Domino's Taints Brand" 5432:Clifford, Stephanie (April 15, 2009), 5393:Kenneth Cole's Twitter Fail – PRNewser 5339: 5337: 5335: 4710:from the original on 12 September 2015 4680:from the original on 10 September 2014 4110:"How Bloggers Make Money on Instagram" 3668:"33 Ways to Use LinkedIn for Business" 3250: 3175: 2860:from the original on 19 September 2018 2757: 2699: 2645: 2580:. 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Vol. 22. pp. 1–28. 2416:from the original on 2020-12-26 2340:from the original on 2018-03-24 2267:from the original on 2016-04-06 2241:from the original on 2016-03-05 1959:have 40.7 million followers on 1950:Social media marketing in sport 609:Many companies are now putting 515:Social networking sites act as 124:needs additional citations for 55:or discuss these issues on the 7221:Social network hosting service 5346:Information Management Journal 5317:. Lostremote.com. 2011-02-13. 4920:Journal of Strategic Marketing 3200:Mahapatra, Lisa (2013-08-09). 1651:opinion is valued or trusted. 1243:consumer-generated advertising 1: 4932:10.1080/0965254X.2019.1572641 4878:Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 4574:European Journal of Marketing 4197:"Introducing Instagram Reels" 3428:Ivanova, Irina (2023-07-31). 3384:", Retrieved on 27 June 2014. 3342:"About your Twitter timeline" 3009:10.1080/15332861.2018.1433910 2686:10.1080/1057610X.2020.1780027 2284:Bowden, J. 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LinkedIn Learning Center. 3245:10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.007 2997:Journal of Internet Commerce 2730:California Management Review 2160:Information Systems Research 2042:Journal of Business Research 1694:For example, celebrity chef 523:Social networking sites and 4063:Fair, Lesley (2023-03-22). 2515:Welch, Chris (2014-09-25). 2481:10.1007/978-3-8349-8099-1_1 1138:conditions to do so are met 7435: 7216:Social network advertising 6118:Social networking services 4510:10.2224/sbp.2011.39.9.1245 4432:Aaron, Jesse (2014-06-18) 2818:Evans, Dave (2012-01-01). 2306:"Digital Around the World" 2081:10.1016/j.ijme.2016.04.004 1929: 1798:highlighted this problem. 1377:Though it is assumed that 505:Social networking websites 500:Social networking websites 492: 459:, and the general public. 262:Search engine optimization 6039:Resources in your library 5189:(Cramer, 2014, p. 6) 5145:10.2501/s002184990606048x 5092:10.1080/08997760701193720 4586:10.1108/03090561211202521 4483:Entrepreneurial Executive 3643:. LinkedIn Press Center. 3471:10.1108/JRIM-06-2016-0065 3044:search.credoreference.com 1992:Social media optimization 1926:Return on investment data 1534:To promote the 2013 film 979:Online community managers 86:This article needs to be 6053:Bria, Francesca (2014). 5745:"Social media marketing" 5501:Hong Kong Economic Times 5352:(6): 18. November 2011. 5286:"Newspapers: Fact Sheet" 4890:10.1177/1938965510394357 4809:10.2501/IJA-30-1-013-046 4455:Parr, Benn (2009-08-06) 4069:Federal Trade Commission 3152:"Social Media Marketing" 2743:10.1177/0008125620958166 2472:European Retail Research 1829:2011 Egyptian revolution 1567:electronic word of mouth 1416:selected simply through 1393:Social bookmarking sites 792:consumer advocacy groups 148:"Social media marketing" 18:Social media advertising 7107:Web 2.0 Suicide Machine 5473:San Francisco Chronicle 3081:10.21061/jots.v42i1.a.2 2621:10.1145/3025453.3025659 1941:Customer response rates 1782:between airings on the 1288:YouTube Partner Program 715:social entrepreneurship 301:Search engine marketing 7325:User gender difference 7153:Small-world experiment 6071:Social media marketing 6030:social media marketing 4570:"Buy, boycott or blog" 3519:"Marketers Spend More" 2820:Social Media Marketing 2614:. pp. 3163–3174. 2295:. socialmediatoday.com 2172:10.1287/isre.1100.0302 2022:Social media analytics 2002:Social video marketing 1737:Television commercials 1628: 1445: 1173: 861:contests, polls, etc. 838: 800:advocacy organizations 598: 475:user-generated content 422:Social media marketing 348:Contextual advertising 272:Social media marketing 241: 7315:Use in investigations 6234:Foursquare City Guide 4648:MIT Technology Review 4165:Björkgren, Caroline. 2856:. 22 September 2015. 1619: 1530:Advertising campaigns 1501:Sponsored mobile post 1443: 1420:and browser history. 1171: 1074:end-to-end encryption 836: 596: 239: 7123:Attention inequality 6068:Kang, Juhee (2015). 5752:Life Science Journal 5606:10.2501/JAR-2019-041 5042:(13/14): 1479–1503. 4989:10.1509/jmkg.73.5.90 4977:Journal of Marketing 4847:10.2501/JAR-2016-004 4547:10.1509/jmkg.73.6.33 4525:Journal of Marketing 3865:imediaconnection.com 3281:Olenski, S. (2014). 3159:Life Science Journal 2576:Shih, Clara (2011). 1963:and 49.6 million on 1932:Return on investment 1659:Organic Social Media 1612:Influencer marketing 1551:Marketing techniques 1333:improve this section 928:Purposes and tactics 691:influencer marketing 353:Behavioral targeting 133:improve this article 7158:Small-world network 7064:Software comparison 7013:Windows Live Spaces 6983:Tea Party Community 5991:Badenhausen, Kurt. 5845:Hochheiser, Megan. 5290:Pew Research Center 4674:"Business – Tumblr" 4390:"TikTok, explained" 3694:"What is LinkedIn?" 3549:Ogilvy & Mather 3311:Hlavac, R. (2014). 3165:(4). Archived from 1772:The time difference 1537:Monsters University 1519:Sponsored spotlight 1125:of this section is 687:customer engagement 655:market intelligence 626:, and more. Mobile 533:virtual communities 520:influence network. 362:Affiliate marketing 334:Display advertising 315:Cost per impression 247:Part of a series on 6060:2020-02-23 at the 5491:2012-04-23 at the 5467:2011-03-20 at the 5438:The New York Times 5418:2014-11-24 at the 5398:2015-01-06 at the 5379:2012-06-18 at the 5242:2016-12-01 at the 5224:2014-07-01 at the 5177:2016-04-16 at the 4462:2014-11-02 at the 4439:2016-03-25 at the 4419:2017-07-04 at the 4354:www.prnewswire.com 4264:ABA Bank Marketing 3808:"Whatsapp is free" 3376:2014-06-27 at the 3038:Davies, E (2018). 2291:2014-12-16 at the 2108:2017-08-09 at the 2017:internet celebrity 1982:Internet marketing 1796:2011 Grammy Awards 1629: 1625:fashion influencer 1507:Sponsored web post 1446: 1430:social bookmarking 1398:Social bookmarking 1174: 839: 719:political activism 599: 510:outbound marketing 385:Mobile advertising 292:Native advertising 282:Referral marketing 253:Internet marketing 242: 7396: 7395: 7178:Virtual community 7133:Cybersectarianism 6025:Library resources 5932:Vaughan, Pamela. 5771:Business Horizons 5558:10.1002/agr.21581 4199:. August 5, 2020. 4143:(Press release). 4023:10.1093/sw/swt005 3889:Scott, Galloway. 3859:Michael, Estrin. 3722:(29 March 2012). 3521:. Mediapost.com. 3233:Business Horizons 3110:Neti, S. (2011). 2792:978-0-470-94421-9 2587:978-0-13-708512-5 2546:Schomer, Audrey. 2490:978-3-8349-8099-1 2435:"Mobile Internet" 2224:10.1002/asi.21149 2208:(11): 2169–2188. 1997:Social media spam 1957:Cristiano Ronaldo 1739:often end with a 1727:advertising. The 1634:, referred to as 1479:Blogging website 1369: 1368: 1361: 1172:The Instagram app 1166: 1165: 1158: 975:Measuring Success 872:Nike #MakeItCount 741:Cristiano Ronaldo 628:media consumption 615:Real-time bidding 512:and advertising. 438:digital marketing 419: 418: 287:Content marketing 237: 227: 226: 219: 209: 208: 201: 183: 107: 106: 70: 16:(Redirected from 7426: 7305:Privacy concerns 7269:Online petitions 7226:Social profiling 7143:1+ million users 7128:Confessions page 7033:Yahoo! Kickstart 6732:Friends Reunited 6239:Foursquare Swarm 6111: 6104: 6097: 6088: 6083: 6081: 6079: 6013: 6012: 6010: 6008: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5963: 5955: 5949: 5948: 5946: 5945: 5929: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5904: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5873: 5867: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5842: 5836: 5835: 5829: 5821: 5793: 5787: 5786: 5766: 5760: 5759: 5749: 5740: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5729: 5709: 5703: 5702: 5696: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5656: 5650: 5649: 5647: 5645: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5608: 5584: 5578: 5577: 5540: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5530: 5511: 5505: 5497: 5483: 5477: 5459: 5453: 5452: 5451: 5449: 5429: 5423: 5409: 5403: 5390: 5384: 5371: 5362: 5361: 5341: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5326: 5311: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5301: 5292:. 15 June 2016. 5282: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5272: 5257: 5251: 5234: 5228: 5215: 5209: 5208: 5196: 5190: 5187: 5181: 5168: 5157: 5156: 5128: 5122: 5119: 5113: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5075: 5069: 5066: 5060: 5059: 5031: 5025: 5022: 5011: 5010: 5000: 4972: 4966: 4965: 4963: 4962: 4956: 4917: 4908: 4902: 4901: 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679:public relations 648:Passive approach 411: 404: 397: 320:Search analytics 244: 238: 222: 215: 204: 197: 193: 190: 184: 182: 141: 117: 109: 102: 99: 93: 81: 80: 73: 62: 40: 39: 32: 21: 7434: 7433: 7429: 7428: 7427: 7425: 7424: 7423: 7399: 7398: 7397: 7392: 7329: 7320:Use in politics 7288: 7244:Activity stream 7230: 7182: 7148:Online identity 7111: 7085: 7052: 6757:Google Currents 6638: 6599:HCL Connections 6570: 6120: 6115: 6077: 6075: 6067: 6062:Wayback Machine 6050: 6049: 6048: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6021: 6016: 6006: 6004: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5975: 5973: 5957: 5956: 5952: 5943: 5941: 5936:. hubspot.com. 5931: 5930: 5926: 5917: 5915: 5906: 5905: 5901: 5891: 5889: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5860: 5858: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5822: 5795: 5794: 5790: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5747: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5727: 5725: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5689: 5682: 5680: 5673: 5658: 5657: 5653: 5643: 5641: 5634:Huffington Post 5627: 5626: 5622: 5586: 5585: 5581: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5528: 5526: 5513: 5512: 5508: 5495: 5493:Wayback Machine 5484: 5480: 5469:Wayback Machine 5460: 5456: 5447: 5445: 5431: 5430: 5426: 5420:Wayback Machine 5410: 5406: 5400:Wayback Machine 5391: 5387: 5381:Wayback Machine 5372: 5365: 5343: 5342: 5333: 5324: 5322: 5313: 5312: 5308: 5299: 5297: 5284: 5283: 5279: 5270: 5268: 5259: 5258: 5254: 5244:Wayback Machine 5235: 5231: 5226:Wayback Machine 5216: 5212: 5198: 5197: 5193: 5188: 5184: 5179:Wayback Machine 5169: 5160: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5120: 5116: 5111: 5107: 5080:Media Economics 5077: 5076: 5072: 5067: 5063: 5033: 5032: 5028: 5023: 5014: 4974: 4973: 4969: 4960: 4958: 4954: 4915: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4875: 4874: 4870: 4832: 4831: 4824: 4794: 4793: 4782: 4773: 4771: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4743: 4741: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4713: 4711: 4698: 4697: 4693: 4683: 4681: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4657: 4655: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4625: 4617: 4616: 4612: 4603: 4601: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4538:10.1.1.689.4934 4522: 4521: 4517: 4495: 4494: 4490: 4480: 4479: 4470: 4464:Wayback Machine 4454: 4450: 4441:Wayback Machine 4431: 4427: 4421:Wayback Machine 4411: 4407: 4398: 4396: 4387: 4386: 4382: 4373: 4372: 4368: 4359: 4357: 4356:(Press release) 4347: 4346: 4342: 4333: 4331: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4309: 4307: 4305:www.minerva.edu 4299: 4298: 4294: 4280: 4279: 4275: 4261: 4260: 4251: 4242: 4240: 4227: 4226: 4219: 4209: 4208: 4204: 4195: 4194: 4190: 4180: 4178: 4164: 4163: 4159: 4150: 4148: 4138: 4137: 4133: 4123: 4121: 4114:Harper's Bazaar 4107: 4106: 4099: 4087: 4086: 4082: 4073: 4071: 4062: 4061: 4054: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3977: 3976: 3972: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3950: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3929: 3927: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3904: 3902: 3888: 3887: 3883: 3874: 3872: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3843: 3841: 3831: 3830: 3826: 3817: 3815: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3792: 3790: 3781: 3780: 3776: 3767: 3765: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3737: 3735: 3718: 3717: 3713: 3703: 3701: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3677: 3675: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3650: 3648: 3639: 3638: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3591: 3589: 3573: 3572: 3568: 3558: 3556: 3542: 3541: 3537: 3528: 3526: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3502: 3500: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3452: 3451: 3447: 3438: 3436: 3434:www.cbsnews.com 3427: 3426: 3419: 3409: 3407: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3378:Wayback Machine 3371:"About Twitter" 3369: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3326: 3324: 3310: 3309: 3305: 3296: 3294: 3280: 3279: 3275: 3270: 3266: 3249: 3230: 3229: 3225: 3215: 3213: 3199: 3198: 3191: 3174: 3169: 3154: 3149: 3148: 3144: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3114: 3109: 3108: 3104: 3062: 3061: 3057: 3048: 3046: 3037: 3036: 3032: 2994: 2993: 2982: 2972: 2970: 2942: 2941: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2905:Sarsha (2013). 2904: 2903: 2899: 2889: 2887: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2863: 2861: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2841: 2837: 2830: 2817: 2816: 2812: 2802: 2800: 2793: 2778: 2777: 2773: 2756: 2723: 2722: 2715: 2698: 2671: 2670: 2661: 2644: 2632: 2609: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2588: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2561: 2559: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2530: 2528: 2514: 2513: 2509: 2500: 2498: 2491: 2468: 2467: 2458: 2448: 2446: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2419: 2417: 2404: 2403: 2399: 2389: 2387: 2372: 2371: 2367: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2343: 2341: 2328: 2327: 2323: 2314: 2312: 2304: 2303: 2299: 2293:Wayback Machine 2283: 2279: 2270: 2268: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2244: 2242: 2238: 2215:10.1.1.155.3321 2197: 2192: 2191: 2187: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2126: 2125: 2116: 2110:Wayback Machine 2100: 2096: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2039: 2038: 2034: 2030: 1973: 1952: 1943: 1934: 1928: 1915: 1910: 1873: 1864:Sondos Alqattan 1836:Hurricane Sandy 1834:In 2012 during 1808: 1760: 1721: 1716: 1661: 1621:Chiara Ferragni 1614: 1602:opinion leaders 1557:social networks 1553: 1532: 1513:Sponsored radar 1497: 1489:sponsored posts 1477: 1448:Platforms like 1438: 1395: 1365: 1354: 1348: 1345: 1330: 1314: 1303: 1276: 1267: 1259:Instagram Reels 1257:videos, called 1238:Harper's Bazaar 1227:Harper's Bazaar 1162: 1151: 1145: 1142: 1131: 1116: 1112: 1105: 1082: 1056:was founded by 1051: 1036: 1010: 987: 930: 887: 876:In early 2012, 874: 844: 831: 788: 772: 675: 673:Active approach 650: 642: 624:mobile commerce 591: 502: 497: 491: 415: 376:Revenue sharing 371:Cost per action 277:Email marketing 229: 223: 212: 211: 210: 205: 194: 188: 185: 142: 140: 130: 118: 103: 97: 94: 91: 82: 78: 41: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7432: 7430: 7422: 7421: 7416: 7411: 7401: 7400: 7394: 7393: 7391: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7375: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7337: 7335: 7331: 7330: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7296: 7294: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7286: 7281: 7276: 7271: 7266: 7261: 7256: 7251: 7246: 7240: 7238: 7236:User interface 7232: 7231: 7229: 7228: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7201: 7196: 7190: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7163:Social network 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7125: 7119: 7117: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7093: 7091: 7087: 7086: 7084: 7083: 7082: 7081: 7076: 7066: 7060: 7058: 7054: 7053: 7051: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6933:SixDegrees.com 6930: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6662:Avatars United 6659: 6654: 6648: 6646: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6580: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6486:The Meet Group 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6318: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6302: 6301: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6130: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6116: 6114: 6113: 6106: 6099: 6091: 6085: 6084: 6065: 6047: 6046: 6041: 6035: 6034: 6023: 6022: 6020: 6019:External links 6017: 6015: 6014: 5983: 5950: 5924: 5899: 5868: 5837: 5788: 5777:(4): 357–365. 5761: 5735: 5704: 5672:978-0538480871 5671: 5651: 5620: 5599:(4): 383–384. 5579: 5552:(2): 281–297. 5535: 5506: 5478: 5454: 5424: 5422:. mashable.com 5404: 5385: 5363: 5331: 5306: 5277: 5252: 5229: 5210: 5191: 5182: 5158: 5139:(4): 410–419. 5123: 5114: 5105: 5070: 5061: 5026: 5012: 4967: 4903: 4884:(4): 399–406. 4868: 4822: 4780: 4766:. 2014-03-02. 4751: 4734:Stitch Kingdom 4721: 4706:. 6 May 2014. 4691: 4665: 4635: 4610: 4560: 4515: 4488: 4468: 4448: 4425: 4405: 4380: 4366: 4340: 4325:"Zhang Yiming" 4316: 4301:"Zhang Yiming" 4292: 4273: 4249: 4217: 4202: 4188: 4171:Internet World 4157: 4131: 4097: 4080: 4052: 4017:(2): 185–188. 3997: 3970: 3936: 3911: 3881: 3851: 3824: 3799: 3774: 3745: 3720:Slutsky, Irina 3711: 3685: 3666:Evans, Meryl. 3658: 3632: 3599: 3566: 3535: 3510: 3484: 3465:(4): 268–287. 3445: 3417: 3394:Holmes, Ryan. 3386: 3363: 3333: 3303: 3273: 3264: 3239:(3): 265–273. 3223: 3189: 3172:on 2014-06-07. 3142: 3102: 3055: 3030: 2980: 2928: 2897: 2871: 2845: 2835: 2828: 2810: 2791: 2771: 2713: 2680:(5): 752–765. 2659: 2630: 2602: 2593: 2586: 2568: 2538: 2507: 2489: 2456: 2426: 2397: 2365: 2350: 2321: 2297: 2277: 2251: 2185: 2166:(3): 571–593. 2150: 2114: 2094: 2075:(2): 212–218. 2059: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1972: 1969: 1951: 1948: 1942: 1939: 1927: 1924: 1914: 1911: 1909: 1906: 1872: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1860: 1852:Chrysler Group 1840:Domino's Pizza 1832: 1807: 1804: 1759: 1756: 1720: 1719:Minimizing use 1717: 1715: 1712: 1684: 1683: 1680: 1660: 1657: 1613: 1610: 1552: 1549: 1531: 1528: 1523: 1522: 1516: 1510: 1504: 1496: 1493: 1476: 1473: 1437: 1434: 1394: 1391: 1367: 1366: 1317: 1315: 1308: 1302: 1299: 1295:YouTube Shorts 1275: 1272: 1266: 1263: 1164: 1163: 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7303: 7301: 7298: 7297: 7295: 7291: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 7260: 7257: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7241: 7239: 7237: 7233: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7210: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7204:Online dating 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7191: 7189: 7185: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7159: 7156: 7154: 7151: 7149: 7146: 7144: 7141: 7139: 7136: 7134: 7131: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7120: 7118: 7114: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7071: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7061: 7059: 7055: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 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5984: 5971: 5967: 5966:The Telegraph 5962: 5954: 5951: 5939: 5935: 5928: 5925: 5913: 5909: 5903: 5900: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5872: 5869: 5856: 5852: 5848: 5841: 5838: 5833: 5827: 5819: 5815: 5811: 5807: 5803: 5799: 5792: 5789: 5784: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5765: 5762: 5757: 5753: 5746: 5739: 5736: 5723: 5719: 5715: 5708: 5705: 5700: 5694: 5678: 5674: 5668: 5664: 5663: 5655: 5652: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5621: 5616: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5583: 5580: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5547: 5539: 5536: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5510: 5507: 5503: 5502: 5494: 5490: 5487: 5482: 5479: 5475: 5474: 5470: 5466: 5463: 5458: 5455: 5443: 5439: 5435: 5428: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5414: 5408: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5394: 5389: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5375: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5332: 5320: 5316: 5310: 5307: 5295: 5291: 5287: 5281: 5278: 5266: 5262: 5256: 5253: 5249: 5245: 5241: 5238: 5233: 5230: 5227: 5223: 5220: 5214: 5211: 5206: 5202: 5195: 5192: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5176: 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