Social security in Australia

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completing a Rent Certificate every six months. The amount of rent assistance a recipient is eligible for depends on the amount of rent one is paying. The basic rate for a single person with no children and not sharing accommodation is as follows. As at 28 January 2010, Rent Assistance begins to be paid when a renter's fortnightly rent is in excess of A$ 99.40. For every dollar in excess of this amount, Rent Assistance pays A$ 0.75, up to a maximum of A$ 111.80 per fortnight. The maximum amount payable is lower for those sharing accommodation, in which case it is A$ 74.53. Different rates apply to couples, couples separated by illness, couples temporarily separated and singles and couples with dependent children. An example of an income support payment is the Newstart Allowance which comprises a base rate plus rent assistance. An "income support payment" is an umbrella term (or classification of payment) which is sometimes used instead of detailing the name of the particular payment. It does not represent a payment of its own but could mean any one of Centrelink's welfare payments, e.g. the Newstart Allowance is an income support payment.

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which the job seeker applied in the last fortnight. Customers may also be required to make up to 10 'Job Search Contacts' per fortnight (dependent on the local labour market and their personal circumstances) and record the details of these jobs within a specifically issued Job Seeker Diary for a given period of time. The job seeker then takes the Application For Payment form personally to the local Centrelink Office. They will then attend a short one-on-one interview with a Centrelink officer. The interview is usually for the purposes of checking that the application form is in order and that the applicant is aware of any appointments that may need to be attended, and obligations that may need to be met. The client at this stage also has the opportunity to talk to a Centrelink officer about any problems the client may be encountering without having to make a prior appointment first.

1175:, which in the opinion of an assessor they will not recover from in the next two years, and which will render them unable to work or participate in a training activity enabling them to work. The basic rate for a single person is A$ 782.20 (as at March 2015); different rates apply to persons under 18 with no children, and to couples, married, de facto or in a same-sex relationship. The payment is income and assets-tested. However, if an applicant is permanently blind, they can receive DSP without income and assets tests, and without needing to prove any inability to work, etc. DSP can take a while to process, so as a temporary measure claimants are placed on another payment (e.g. Newstart with a medical certificate to cover the activity tests) while the payment is being assessed; once granted it is backdated to the claim date at the higher DSP rate. 1268:

January 2013). This payment is only given if you are able to prove to Centrelink that you require prescribed medication. A Centrelink Medical Certificate can be obtained online from my.gov.au or from a branch, which will need to be filled out by a registered medical professional and then submitted to Centrelink for consideration. This allowance can drop-off on its own so recipients must call Centrelink to notify them of this, when or if this occurs. Undercalculated payments can take one business day to correct however an underpayment is more likely to be paid in your next fortnightly pay with your regular entitlement. which are covered under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, which covers most prescription medicines available.

1421:

Commonwealth Seniors Concession, or Pensioner Concession Card. This card has secondary benefits, including cheaper public transport in some states, upon application. In order to gain a transport concession a separate application for concession needs to be made to the Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure and if successful, a transport concession card will be mailed to you. Heavy fines apply for using public transport on a concession-priced ticket without holding a valid transport concession card. A general Health Care Card does not entitle the bearer to transport concessions. Only Pensioner and Commonwealth Seniors Concession Card holders can apply for a transport concession card.

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up to A$ 121.00 per fortnight—and other supplements such as Pharmaceutical Allowance, Telephone Allowance, Remote Area Allowance, Training Supplement, and the Work for the Dole Supplement; which are paid depending on personal circumstances and activity. Rates differ for married couples, registered relationships or de facto couples (including same-sex or opposite-sex couples) and persons with children. Despite significant increases in the cost of living, the increases to Newstart/JobSeeker have not kept pace with inflation. The initial income threshold has only risen from 1987's $ 60 to $ 62 in 2000.

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system is good but the people on it are lazy and dependent'. This attitude profile was found among people receiving welfare payments that were either normative (e.g., the age pension) or where there is little expectation that a person will return to work (e.g. disability support pension). A 2017 study showed that overall, Australians held more negative attitudes toward welfare recipients than they did the welfare system. People with a history of receiving unemployment benefits had more negative welfare attitudes if they lived in areas where other community members had more negative attitudes.

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with a list of approved activities each given different points values. In addition to activities that can earn points, jobseekers must attend meetings with job agencies to keep their payments, which can be up to 90 minutes away. A jobseeker in a remote area has had to spend over 7 hours away from home in order to attend job agency meetings. Furthermore, a jobseeker has been forced to choose between attending work and attending required job agency meetings. Job agencies can claim 'outcome payments' when they find work for a jobseeker, and also when the jobseeker finds work for themselves.

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challenged during the 1970s and 1980s by unemployed organisations. These organised numerous protests and marches, which typically demanded that governments do more to create work, that welfare payments match the cost of living, and that social security recipients not be subject to invasive and patronising treatment. Economists argue that Australia needs more unemployed people to control demand and therefore inflation. Current attitudes toward welfare in Australia can be separated into support for the welfare system and support for welfare recipients. A 2015 multivariate analysis using

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such, people on lower incomes may be entitled to part-payment of their allowance (subject to other qualification requirements). The assessment of income and assets varies greatly between different social security payments and the effect that income and assets have on each payment differs in that they have different income thresholds (i.e. how much income one can earn before it affects their payment) and different taper rates (the amount the payment drops by per dollar above these thresholds).

1109:(January 1987–June 1998), an all-ages study allowance, but since the introduction of Youth Allowance (see above) it has been reserved for the over-25s. To qualify, one must be an Australian resident, over 25, and studying full-time at an approved education institution. However, students who were receiving a Youth Allowance prior to turning 25 and are still pursuing the same course of study continue to receive a Youth Allowance until they finish (or otherwise terminate) their course. 840:, accredited study, part-time work, volunteer work or a combination of these. A Job Services Australia provider may require a JobSeeker recipient to do voluntary work (up to 15 hours a week), for which clients receive a supplement to their benefit of $ 20.80 per fortnight. The supplement is also paid to Work for the Dole participants. They must also continue to apply for 4 or more positions at the same time to meet their mutual obligations. 1472:

the ODM only if necessary. Many reviews are due to legislative changes, administrative errors, provision of new customer documentation, or customer disagreement with the decision. There is also the opportunity for the customer to make a formal written complaint. However, many individuals may not wish to have the same CSA make another decision, which may even lead to confusion as to whether internal review has actually taken place.

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settlement of a Workers' Compensation claim). The number of weeks for which the preclusion period applies to an individual is proportional the size of the lump sum payment they received. Centrelink has a discretion to reduce the duration of the preclusion period if it is satisfied that there exist special circumstances that make an individual's case out of the ordinary: for example, extreme financial hardship.

759: 66: 657: 105: 25: 1237:

in hand options), have given up their education and are sleeping in their cars. This decision was made as an incentive for parents to seek work, as 57% of primary residential mothers work and 70% of primary residential fathers work (ABS 2011). With one quarter of single parent households headed by a single parent being 896,542 families (17.7% male & 82.3% female, ABS 2011)

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Sickness, or any other payment). This waiting period, known as the exclusion period was generally six weeks however can be up to ten weeks in which you will have to survive on your own, without any government benefits. This waiting/exclusion period was not backdated, so any payment approved by Centrelink will start only once the exclusion period is exhausted.

3616: 309:, which would have enacted the scheme but was ultimately abandoned in the lead-up to World War II. Lacking a national scheme forms of government welfare were administered by local and state governments. The introduction of various schemes, and improvements in them, were often secured after protest campaigns by unemployed community members. 1201:(ACOSS), between 2010 and 2016 there was a large drop in successful claims to the DSP. To be eligible for the DSP, a person's condition must be "fully diagnosed, fully treated and fully stabilised", which has had the unintended consequence of making it harder for cancer patients to access the DSP – unless their condition is terminal. 1507:

Support Division of the AAT. The primary functions of the SSAT as the first tier of the review process have been converted and are now known as the 'AAT first review'. Therefore, the traditional two-tier review process has morphed in light of the amalgamation but it has nevertheless been preserved within the AAT.

272:. A national invalid disability pension was started in 1910, and a national maternity allowance was introduced in 1912. The old age pension and invalid pension were restricted to those of "good character", and the maternity allowance was not given to Aboriginals, Asians, or Pacific Islanders. Also in 1907, the 1498:

A customer dissatisfied with an internal review of a decision may apply to the Social Security Appeals Tribunal (SSAT) to review a decision affirmed, varied or set aside by internal review, subject to some exceptions. The SSAT generally has the same powers as the Secretary, and may affirm, vary, set

1484:

If the individual is not satisfied, an Authorised Review Officer (ARO), an officer delegated review powers from the Secretary for the purposes of social security law, may affirm, vary, or set aside the original decision. Although an employee of the Centrelink, an ARO is not to defend ODM decisions as

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Centrelink possesses a prescribed two-tiered system of internal review. The initial stage is the ODM Review, where the matter is brought back to the CSA for reconsideration. This is a wholly intra-office process and functions as an initial check on the decision, and the appeal progresses further from

1400:

This scheme does not apply to casual employees who do not have paid leave entitlements. Women who are engaged in casual rate employment who are ineligible for paid maternity leave and who are unable to continue employment due to pregnancy are not entitled to the Paid Parental Leave Scheme. Unemployed

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A controversial decision by the Labor party in 2006 and 2013, to transfer sole parents to the lower Newstart payment, has placed sole parents well below the poverty line. Welfare groups have reported these parents, 82.3% of which are women (ABS 2011), are turning to prostitution (because of the cash

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account. You automatically ceased being eligible for either payment if your earned income exceeds the allowance-rate over three consecutive fortnightly reporting periods. Once ineligible you become subject to a waiting period before being paid any applicable welfare payment (whether it be Newstart or

1076:

In the 2011–12 Budget, the Australian Government announced that from 1 July 2012, Youth Allowance (other) was to be extended to 21-year-olds (21-year-olds were eligible for Newstart Allowance). 21-year-olds who were on Newstart Allowance, or who had applied for it, by 1 July 2012 were not affected by

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Ordinarily, during the first three months of unemployment, a job seeker has no other obligations but to submit a fortnightly Application For Payment form at the local office. The form asks the applicant a number of questions about his /her circumstances and for the basic details of four positions for

804:, where Centrelink will continue to pay fortnightly payments to the customer for so long as the customer attempts to find employment and fulfills their mutual obligation requirements. These mutual agreements are negotiated between Centrelink and the job seeker, and often includes participation in the 1276:

A payment issued quarterly to eligible customers receiving pension payments, to help cover the cost of telephone bills. Eligible customers must have a telephone service subscribed in their name to be eligible for Telephone Allowance. There are two rates payable: a basic rate of A$ 23.40 and a higher

1258:

Income support recipients who are classed as non-homeowners and pay more than a required amount of board or rent for accommodation are eligible for Rent Assistance payments. This payment is paid as part of the income support payment. Verification of the rent details is required, either a lease or by

1209:

A Sickness Allowance was paid for those currently suffering an illness, injury, or disability (short-term i.e. less than two years), are employed, and have no access to leave or have used all their leave. It was paid under the Newstart system without an Activity Test. Sickness Allowance was equal to

843:

If the client becomes long-term unemployed (24 months or longer), the client's activity requirements will usually consist of another Work Experience Phase style activity for six months in any twelve-month period. (Australia's unemployment benefits do not have a time limit: it is, in theory, possible

1506:

As of 1 July 2015, the SSAT is no longer is a separate tribunal. Alongside the Migration Review Tribunal and the Refugee Review Tribunal, the SSAT has instead merged with the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT). Decisions deemed reviewable by the ARO are now heard in the Social Services and Child

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Family Tax Benefit is a per-child payment made through Services Australia to the people with at least 35 per cent of care for a child. Family Tax Benefit is income-tested on a family's adjusted taxable income in the given financial year. Income support recipients are exempt from the income test and

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Parenting Payment Partnered uses an individual and a partner income test to determine the rate of payment with benefit withdrawal rates of 60 cents in the dollar (as of 1 July 2007) on income over the legislated limits. A partner's gross earnings are assessed as shared, regardless of individual tax

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A Carer Payment is made to those providing a level of care to someone who is ill, injured or has a disability. A medical certificate and other supporting documentation is required. Centrelink does not offer any related services for Carers, nor does it provide any other support or welfare follow-up,

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New compliance rules were introduced on 1 July 2011, dealing with client meetings with a DES provider and payment suspension. Data released in mid-November 2013 showed that the number of welfare recipients had grown by 55%. In 2007 228,621 Newstart Allowance recipients were registered, a total that

848:

The JobSeeker rates are adjusted on 20 March and 20 September each year. As of September 2013, the basic JobSeeker rate for a single unemployed person without children was A$ 501 per fortnight. However, this basic rate does not include supplemental payments—including include Rent Assistance of

626:

the age pension is available to persons over what is referred to as the Age Pension age. The pension age has been increasing since 2017 by six-month periods every two years from the previous pension age of 65 years. On 1 July 2021, the pension age became 66 years and 6 months, and from 1 July 2023,

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All Centrelink income support payments are payable fortnightly, usually by direct deposit into the recipient's bank account. They are also subject to a means test which calculates the recipient (and their partner's) fortnightly income and assets and affects the rate of their payment accordingly. As

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Investigations by the Ombudsman are usually result from a complaint about a decision or action of Centrelink, and in the process of an investigation the Ombudsman is entitled to view Centrelink records and ask questions of Centrelink staff. While the Ombudsman does not have coercive powers to make

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A payment of A$ 6.00 per fortnight for those receiving certain Centrelink payments, to help cover the cost of prescription medicines. The amount covers the cost of one prescription per fortnight for a concession card holder eligible for the concessional rate of medicines (A$ 5.90 per script from 1

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to a review targeting benefits on people in receipt of Newstart Allowance and the Disability Support Pension, reporting in February 2014. Eligibility criteria for the DSP has been made more strict, and unsuccessful claimants can only receive the Newstart Allowance, which pays $ 170 less per week.

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Dependent recipients are subject to the Parental Income Test and Family Assets Test, unless a parent is in receipt of a specified income support payment themselves. A dependent Youth Allowance recipients may be exempt from the Parental Income Test if their parent is in receipt of an income support

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program. These agreements are then recorded in a "Job Plan", a written document which outlines the personal process for an individual to no longer need the JobSeeker Payment. Activities to which a job seeker may have to agree, in order to continue receiving the Newstart Allowance, include applying

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paid to eligible Australians and permanent residents aged 22 to 64. To be eligible, a person must apply for the benefit and be actively seeking work, undertaking approved training or performing approved volunteer work. On 1 July 1991, the "Newstart Allowance" replaced the Unemployment Benefit (UB)

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medications at the concession rate. This green paper card is the basic and most common Health Care Card which is sent to a recipient of a payment by post shortly after receiving their first payment and then each year before expiry, if still eligible. This card is given to those not eligible for a

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Parental Leave Pay is paid to the child's primary carer and eligible parents for up to 18 weeks of pay based on the rate of National Minimum Wage. Dad and Partner Pay is for eligible working dads or partners (including adopting parents and same-sex couples) for up to two weeks of pay based on the

1383:

In May 2012, the Australian Government abolished the Education Tax Refund (ETR) that allowed families to claim a refund for education expenses through the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). The Schoolkids Bonus replaced the ETR from 1 January 2013. The Schoolkids Bonus aimed to assist families and

1011:

Youth Allowance is an income support payment available to unemployed young people aged 16 to 21 (aged 18 to 24 if a full-time student and Australian Apprentices). Youth Allowance recipients are considered to either be dependent on a caregiver(s), or independent. The underlying philosophy of Youth

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announced that existing mutual obligation penalties would be wiped clean from people's records as the government transitioned to the Workforce Australia system. Under Workforce Australia, JobSeekers will have to earn 100 points per month and report them online, including 4 job searches per month,

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project, and other activities, such as voluntary work if considered appropriate by Centrelink. For example, more elderly customers who have been made redundant and are approaching the age pension age, and who may face considerable difficulties re-entering the labour market, are often permitted to

601:

An individual may be precluded from claiming any of income support payments listed below for a certain number of weeks following receipt of a lump sum compensation payment, made wholly or partly in respect of lost earnings or lost capacity to earn resulting from personal injury (often received in

630:

a residency requirement requires an applicant to have been a resident in Australia for the last 10 years, with no break in residency for 5 of those years, and be in Australia on the day the application is lodged. If the applicant is a resident in one of the 31 country with which Australia has an

1502:

Experience has indicated that at the SSAT more weighting goes towards the legislation as opposed to policy guidelines. Welfare advocacy groups such as the Welfare Rights Centre are often involved in providing legal help to individuals affected by Centrelink decisions. There is no Welfare Rights

1462:

Legislation ultimately governs the decision-making process, and Centrelink policy guidelines provide the lens through which legislation is interpreted by Centrelink Customer Service Advisers (CSAs). However, notwithstanding legislation and policy, there are still many areas in which significant

1444:

Persons imprisoned or admitted to a psychiatric institution are generally not eligible to receive benefits for the duration of imprisonment or admission. (However, it may be payable if a psychiatric stay is classed as rehabilitation.) The benefits resume upon release or discharge. However, upon

1002:

On 3 June 2021, after Victoria's fourth COVID lockdown was extended by a week, the Federal Government announced the 'Temporary COVID Disaster Payment' for people who lose work as a result of lockdowns, of at least 7 days length. These people may be eligible to receive A$ 325 or A$ 500 per week,

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The main attitude cluster was one toward support for the welfare system and welfare recipients. Having received government welfare in the past strongly predicted a person supporting the welfare system and its beneficiaries. The next most prominent attitude profile was summarised as 'the welfare

385:

popularised the term "dole bludger" in the 1970s, causing welfare recipients to be viewed as parasites upon "ordinary Australian" taxpayers. Prior to this, high unemployment was seen as a failure of the economy and government, not individual welfare recipients. Negative characterisations were

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Payments can be paid in fortnightly instalments or as a lump sum payment at the end of the year. For Family Tax Benefit paid in instalments, the income test is based on an estimate of adjusted taxable income that is reconciled after the recipient has lodged their tax return. The reconciliation

1453:

Every decision made under social security law is to be in writing and given sufficient notice, usually in a letter. Applications for review of such decisions may be lodged at any time, but depending on the decision remedial action may only be taken if the review is received within 13 weeks of

1510:

2019, SACAT South Australian Civil Administrative Tribunal deals with rental properties and issues between renters and landlords and agents, as well as deals with various licensing matters and handles reviews of mental health treatment orders including investigating and revoking involuntary

369:

The Social Services Legislation Amendment (Welfare Reform) Bill 2017 has changed several aspects of social security in Australia, and has been given assent to as of 11 April 2018. It includes a demerit-point system for not meeting welfare obligations. As of June 2018, former social security

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All eligible job seekers with disability have access to individually tailored services which meet their needs including capacity building, training, work experience and other 'interventions' to help participants obtain and maintain suitable employment . DES providers support and manage a

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enacted a widows' pension in 1942 (superseding the New South Wales 1926 scheme); a wife's allowance in 1943; additional allowances for the children of pensioners in 1943; and unemployment, sickness, and special benefits in 1945 (superseding the Queensland 1923 scheme). The success of the

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undergoing some form of study. All Indigenous students at secondary or tertiary institutions, as well as those studying by correspondence, and primary students who turned 14 prior to 1 January of their current year of study. To qualify as Indigenous, a student must be of Aboriginal or

1027:

on which Youth Allowance is normally based may not accurately reflect the true financial means of parents in these categories. It asks for details of the family's spending on living expenses during the relevant tax year and extrapolates an equivalent notional taxable income from this.

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On 20 July, it was announced that the Supplement would be extended, but in altered form, beyond 24 September. After 24 September, the rate was reduced to $ 250 per fortnight. On 1 December, it reduced to $ 150 per fortnight. The Supplement ceased on schedule after 31 March 2021.

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Prior to 1900 in Australia, charitable assistance from benevolent societies, sometimes with financial contributions from the authorities, was the primary means of relief for people not able to support themselves. The 1890s economic depression and the rise of the trade unions and the

1544:

Where the Ombudsman concludes that there has been a deficiency in Centrelink's action (for examples) the Ombudsman may make recommendations to Centrelink for remedial action. This may result in Centrelink changing their decision, or providing a better explanation of their decision.

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explicitly granting the Commonwealth power to legislate for maternity allowances, widows pensions, child endowment, unemployment, pharmaceutical, sickness and hospital benefits, medical and dental services, and student and family allowances, allowing further welfare initiatives by

1232:

A payment for those who are principal carers of dependent children under the age of 6 for partnered customers and children under the age of 8 for single customers. Parenting Payment Partnered is classified as an allowance and Parenting Payment Single is classified as a pension.

1043:

All Youth Allowance recipients are subject to the Personal Income Test, which takes into account any income they may earn through part-time or casual work. If an independent Youth Allowance customer has a partner, then their income will be included under the Partner Income Test.

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receiving notice, for decisions made under the Social Security act, or 52 weeks for decisions made under Family assistance law. At the bottom of each letter informing customers of a Centrelink decision, a "your rights" box informs individuals of potential avenues for review.

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The age pension was the first payment made by the Australian Government, dating back to 1909. There is no automatic entitlement to an age pension in Australia, unlike in countries such as the UK or New Zealand. Taxpayer-funded pensions are means tested (similar to the UK's

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fulfil their plan by engaging in voluntary activities alone. A job seeker has to nominate and engage in one activity (for example, either a vocational education activity or Work for the Dole activity) in any one mutual obligation period (lasting six months at a time).

1116:, Austudy Payment recipients were eligible for Rent Assistance from 1 January 2008. Prior to 1 January 2008, Rent Assistance was not payable with Austudy. Like most Centrelink payments, Austudy Payments are subject to a personal and/or partner income and assets test. 817:

Clients are not expected to engage in the more intensive of these activities as soon as their receipt of the allowance commences. The amount of activity required on behalf of the client in order to continue receiving his/her benefit is usually staggered as follows:

1358:

Maternity Immunisation Allowance is paid to parents whose children who have received all immunisations specified by the national immunisation schedule by the time they are 2 years old. Alternatively, if the parents object to immunisation on any grounds and inform

1392:

The Paid Parental Leave Scheme provides financial support to eligible working parents of newborn or recently adopted children. Under the scheme, the government funds employers to provide Parental Leave Pay or Dad and Partner Pay to their eligible employees.

1182:, there were changes introduced to the Disability Support Pension, including that people under the age of 35 would be placed onto the Newstart Allowance for the first 18 months. Furthermore, the eligibility criteria for the DSP became more strict under the 826:

If after an initial three months of unemployment, during which the job seeker has only to hand in the fortnightly application form and record the Job Seeker Diary, the client remains unemployed; the client will be required to attend appointments with a

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the Newstart Allowance but only one of these payments can be claimed (you don't get both). In order to be granted a Sickness Allowance you had to be registered with Centrelink, which includes reporting your earned income each fortnight through your

247:

The system includes payments to retirees, job seekers, parents (especially new and single parents), people with disabilities and their caregivers, guardians of orphans, students and apprentices, and people who have no way of supporting themselves.

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Child Care Benefit assists Australian parents with the cost of approved and registered child care. It is a means tested payment and is based on the recipient's taxable income; low income families receive the highest rate of Child Care Benefit.

852:

On 1 March 2010, the Australian Government introduced changes to Disability Employment Services (DES). Multiple existing programs were streamlined into two clearly distinct programs, making assessment and referral processes less complex.

631:

International Social Security Agreement, residence in that country may count towards the minimum 10-year residence requirement. The applicant may be entitled to other residency exemptions such as lodging the claim in an agreement country.

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made a joint cabinet submission arguing that particular groups of welfare recipients, particularly single parents, needed to be "guided towards work" through compulsion, including literacy programs, regular reporting by recipients, and a

1519:

A decision may be reviewed by the AAT on AAT "first review", after which it can be reviewed again on AAT "second review" if an applicant is unhappy after the first review. Further appeals (on questions of law only) are available to the

903:

rejected calls to increase the rate of the Newstart Allowance, saying "my priority is to give tax relief to people who are working and paying taxes". Newstart had not been increased since 1994, when it was increased by $ 2.95 per week.

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income and assets tests apply and determine whether a pension is payable and the rate of payment. Deeming rules are used to assess income from financial assets. Since 1 January 2015, the deeming rules also apply to account-based income

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for a specific number of jobs (usually ten) per fortnight and recording these applications in a Centrelink issued diary, undertaking vocational education or training, paid work experience, participation in a labour market program or

1919:"Resources About Australian Housing Justice and Unwaged Rights Campaigns. Campaigning for a Fairer Distribution of Wealth, Income and Power: The Story of the Victorian Coalition Against Poverty and Unemployment (CAPU), 1980-1991" 1224:

nor does it carry out any process to ensure, or validate, actual service delivery. Carers are wholly responsible for their caring duties which is negotiated between the Carer and Caree' on an individual and personal-needs basis.

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If the customer remains unemployed for twelve months, they are then subject to the Work Experience Phase of their Employment Pathway Plan, which consists of more intensive assistance involving the activities listed above such as

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Once the ODM review has been completed it should contain the relevant legislative provisions, any new information considered, and a determination stating whether the original decision has been set aside, affirmed or varied.

1245:(EMTR) after benefit withdrawal is 90 percent of earnings above the legislated limit (the EMTR prior to 1 July 2007 is 100% as the benefit withdrawal rate is 70% of the partner's earnings above the legislated income limit). 1016:

payment themselves. A dependent recipient's rate of payment will be reduced as a result of parental income above the parental income free area, although the parental income free area can be increased by sibling concessions.

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provider whose responsibility it is to assist the client to re-enter the workforce. The job seeker also has to attend a two-week training course which focuses on job-searching skills such as writing resumes and attending

1430:– this offers additional benefits to the Pensioner, including pensioner transportation fares (in some areas), and a certain number of free country rail journeys within the holder's state. Pensioners can enjoy discounted 929:

of A$ 9 billion. It is also intended to increase the threshold amount recipients can earn before their payment starts to be reduced. The mutual obligations that a recipient must follow also became more demanding.

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release or discharge from imprisonment or psychiatric hospitalisation of more than two weeks, the claimant is entitled to an additional payment equal to seven days of their regular payment, to help with adjustment.

1047:

Youth Allowance has lower payment rates for recipients who live with a parent or guardian compared to those who live away from home. Recipients living 'away from home' may also be eligible for Rent Assistance.

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also advocated for increasing the Newstart Allowance, saying that it is impossible to live on. In March 2018, Newstart was raised by 50 cents per day, which was criticised as inadequate. After handing down the

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including discounted stamps, and a whole range of discounted services including discounted cinema tickets, discounted meals when dining out, discounted hair cuts and discounts on all utility and home service

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does not conduct a merits review (as would the ARO, SSAT or AAT), but considers the administrative decision-making process employed by Centrelink to reach the decision or carry out the action complained of.

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it is a strong principle that the ARO is independent of the situation and has no previous involvement in the case. Nevertheless, AROs also look at legislation with the same policy guidelines as CSAs.

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In addition, there was also a once-off $ 750 Economic Support Payment (ESP) paid from late March to eligible JobSeeker Payment and other recipients. A second ESP was only available to those who did

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Unlike Youth Allowance, Austudy recipients are considered to be independent and are not subject to the Parental Income Test, Family Assets Test and the Family Actual Means Test. As part of the

1156: 1069:. Some of the proposed changes included introducing new scholarships for university students, and changes to the independence criteria and Parental Income Test. These changes were passed by 3003: 2152: 2858: 2534: 2563: 588:– for full-time students or New Apprentices aged 15 (under some circumstances) 16 to 24 and people aged under 21 who are undertaking job search or a combination of approved activities. 2356: 264:

In 1900, New South Wales and Victoria enacted legislation introducing non-contributory pensions for those aged 65 and over. Queensland legislated a similar system in 1907 before the

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aside and substitute a decision or return the matter to Centrelink with recommendations. SSAT hearings are generally informal, confidential and not bound by the Laws of Evidence.

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descent by Centrelink standards and be a current Australian citizen. ABSTUDY is tailored according to income tests, and the status of partners, guardians, and dependent children.

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announced that the JobSeeker base rate would be increased by A$ 50 a fortnight from April 2021. The JobSeeker Payment will rise to A$ 614 a fortnight, with an estimated cost over

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The Australian Government spent approximately $ 2.1 billion on Child Care Benefit to assist families with the cost of child care in the financial year ending 30 June 2011.

2455: 2977: 2636: 915:

after 23 years of Conservative Government. The song is a campaign to the Australian Labor Party to commit, if elected at the next federal election, to raising Newstart.

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students with the costs of education for children in primary and secondary school. The School Kids Bonus is paid in 2 equal instalments each year in January and July.

1012:

Allowance is that legal guardians are responsible for supporting their children where they have the means if that young person has not lived independently from them.

2056:"Are Negative Community Attitudes Toward Welfare Recipients Associated With Unemployment? Evidence From an Australian Cross-Sectional Sample and Longitudinal Cohort" 4246: 2810: 305: 1673: 3352: 2429: 582:– for people who are in financial hardship, have no way of supporting themselves and are not entitled to another payment (normally due to residency requirements) 4251: 674: 334: 122: 38: 3246: 2665: 2584: 1899: 1019:

Dependent Youth Allowance recipients may also be subject to the Family Actual Means Test (FAMT) which applies where the parent is self-employed, involved in a

3111: 1831: 950:

and to assist people in isolation and encourage Australia's economic recovery, supplementary payments were added to the basic welfare payments. An additional

4516: 2737: 2507: 3264: 3377: 3772: 1608: 3451: 3403: 2055: 3477: 2481: 4019: 1945:"Resources About Australian Housing Justice and Unwaged Rights Campaigns. Working for the class: The praxis of the Wollongong Out of Workers' Union" 1343:

A top-up payment is granted at the end of the year, when customers overestimate their income which can be used to repay outstanding Centrelink debt.

3055: 2310: 4746: 2140: 1804: 276:

created a living wage with the assumptions of a man with three children and a dependent wife, closer to subsistence than a comfortable existence.

1073:

on 17 March 2010. The changes will be implemented over a number of years, beginning with the introduction of new scholarships from 1 April 2010.

4293: 4103: 3911: 3825: 3193: 1350:

Family Tax Benefit Part B is paid based on the lower of the recipient and their partner's income, or, for a single parent at the maximum rate.

954:

per fortnight 'Coronavirus Supplement' was paid, originally only for six months, starting on 27 April and finishing on 24 September 2020.

907:

In 2018, the Anti-Poverty Network of South Australia, with the Newstart Choir, recorded a revised version of the 'It's Time' song used by the

872:

to a review targeting benefits on people in receipt of Newstart Allowance and the Disability Support Pension, due to report in February 2014.

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to eligible Australian citizens, permanent residents, and limited international visitors. These payments are almost always administered by

169: 370:

recipients who owe a debt to Centrelink will not be allowed to travel outside Australia until they have repaid their debt, with interest.

3601: 2285: 693: 141: 4692: 4636: 4531: 4037: 3871: 3785: 2148: 1856: 1647: 1058:

Youth Allowance was introduced from July 1998 and replaced Youth Training Allowance and Newstart Allowance for job seekers under 21 and

350:

assisted a quarter of the workforce in finding paid employment that was suited to them, helping to keep the unemployment rate very low.

325: 4699: 3830: 3810: 2103: 1152: 1092: 2829: 4241: 4142: 4042: 3962: 3896: 3547: 3081: 1711: 1096: 740: 700: 206: 188: 148: 52: 44: 4772: 1728: 879:, the Turnbull government planned to cease the clean-energy supplement of $ 4.40 for people beginning Newstart after 20 September. 3220: 4964: 3969: 3906: 3891: 3300: 912: 560:– for people who are looking for employment, also often given to those in the application process for Disability Support Pension. 3525: 3503: 2459: 857:

participant's condition in the workplace, along with providing ongoing support in the workplace for as long as it is required.

4410: 4209: 4199: 4135: 3876: 3850: 2715: 1870: 490: 486: 480: 347: 707: 155: 4923: 4496: 4395: 4115: 4093: 3999: 3805: 3765: 3576: 3326: 3286: 3138: 1417: 1179: 1066: 896: 876: 678: 288: 126: 4888: 2690: 2121: 1779: 619:, workers do not contribute to a pension or insurance scheme in Australia, unlike pension schemes in many other countries. 427:

benefits, and are not allowed to work. It was estimated in July 2022 that there were around 2000 people in this situation.

4969: 4646: 4563: 4439: 4288: 4281: 4152: 4098: 3901: 3881: 1211: 891: 794:

which had been unchanged since 1945. It was part of a government reform called Newstart – the Active Employment Strategy.

419:

who have applied for a protection visa and whose bridging visa has expired have no access to Centrelink payments or other

346:. From the end of the Second World War until 1975, Australian governments had a policy of full employment – from 1946 the 299:

on national insurance in 1923 and introduced a bill in 1928, which failed to pass before the government was defeated. The

287:

government announced plans to develop a comprehensive national social security scheme, which was typically referred to as

2934: 2859:"What happens when you free unemployed Australians from 'mutual obligations' and boost their benefits? We just found out" 689: 137: 75: 4631: 4162: 4125: 4004: 3994: 3866: 2433: 4739: 4400: 4358: 4353: 4300: 4047: 4014: 3942: 1895: 616: 416: 413:

have to pass various waiting periods of between one and four years to become eligible for various levels of benefits.

4928: 4787: 2784: 3250: 1113: 4466: 4370: 4224: 4179: 4083: 2244: 1521: 1401:

pregnant women may be eligible to apply for an income support payment however normal eligibility criteria applies.

4938: 4883: 667: 115: 4898: 4878: 4850: 4807: 4586: 4543: 4491: 4390: 4236: 4204: 4120: 4110: 4078: 3758: 2511: 1549:

Centrelink change a decision or act in a certain way, recommendations made by the Ombudsman are rarely rejected.

1037: 567: 435:

Social security payments and other benefits are currently made available under the following acts of parliament:

4817: 3268: 4918: 4873: 4501: 4486: 4333: 4169: 4130: 3957: 1160: 800:

A job seeker receiving this payment is paid on the basis of a 'mutual agreement' between the customer and

440: 4913: 4893: 2357:"Current International Social Security Agreements | Department of Social Services, Australian Government" 645: 3455: 3407: 312:

During the Second World War, the federal government significantly accelerated the development of Australia's

4651: 4526: 4506: 4481: 4461: 4214: 4184: 4009: 3886: 3815: 3481: 2485: 2415: 2228: 1525: 1172: 1132: 1070: 338: 2212: 4797: 4732: 4558: 4536: 4511: 4476: 4456: 4420: 4258: 4229: 4219: 4194: 4157: 4088: 3925: 3820: 3675: 3636: 1754: 1677: 1141: 1128: 908: 828: 714: 258: 162: 4782: 4933: 4832: 4621: 4553: 4451: 4405: 4268: 4189: 4174: 4061: 3947: 3719: 2399: 2384: 1583: 1563: 387: 229: 4908: 4827: 2844:... the payment was now at 41 per cent of minimum wage, the same level as during the Howard government. 390:

analysis identified five distinct profiles of welfare attitudes and socio-demographic characteristics.

4822: 4812: 4802: 4792: 3429: 4903: 4855: 4777: 4767: 4685: 4656: 4578: 4415: 4385: 4321: 4276: 3989: 3984: 3952: 3937: 3793: 3301:"Building Australia's Future Workforce – Investing in our young people | Freedom of Information" 3004:"Jobseeker asked to choose between work and job agency appointments under Workforce Australia system" 2008: 1136: 790: 424: 2286:"Age Pension – Eligibility & payment rates – Australian Government Department of Human Services" 1463:

discretion is afforded to the decision maker, which may be subject to internal and external review.

1055:

in the state of residence. The school leaving age is 17 in all states and territories of Australia.

4606: 4548: 4380: 4343: 4073: 934: 489:", i.e. Australian citizens and permanent residents, etc. These benefits are not available to the " 406: 402: 3648:

Centrelink Information – A Guide to Payments and Services, Chapter 14 – Reviews and appeals, p 137

1051:

15-year-olds can also receive Youth Allowance if they are defined as independent and are over the

524:– for people who care for individuals over 16 years with a disability or age-related special need. 512:– for families with a child who cannot attend school locally because of distance or special needs. 328:

enacted a child endowment scheme in 1941 (superseding the 1927 New South Wales scheme), while the

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already paid. If, for example, the breadwinner is currently paying 30 per cent personal tax, the

1183: 1151:, the payment is made under ABSTUDY Policy. The responsibility for ABSTUDY Policy rests with the 1052: 1033: 410: 343: 292: 237: 2908: 2960:"Sixty-three-year-old jobseeker forced to make 250 km round trip to keep welfare benefits" 2716:"The Greens Want To Increase Newstart And Youth Allowance By $ 150 A Week But Labor Won't Help" 2338: 4596: 4338: 3702: 3688: 3139:"Unhappy new year for more than 1 million Aussies on JobSeeker as COVID assistance winds back" 2884:"Existing mutual obligation penalties wiped as Labor unveils changes to new jobseeker program" 2036: 1805:"The phrase 'dole bludger' emerged in the 1970s, and it's still serving its political purpose" 1707: 1573: 1193: 947: 926: 869: 837: 810: 363: 329: 2236: 4713: 4147: 2373: 2075: 2067: 2026: 2016: 1558: 1413: 300: 296: 3620: 3031:"Job providers receiving millions of dollars for positions found by jobseekers themselves" 1639: 1189: 1102: 1086: 1059: 965:

JobSeeker Payment, Partner Allowance, Widow Allowance, Sickness Allowance and Wife Pension

865: 420: 354: 2637:"Liberal MP Julia Banks' claim she could live on $ 40 a day rebutted by Business Council" 2012: 1347:

Childless persons, or non-parents, are not entitled to the Family Tax Benefit payments.

772:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

82:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

4591: 2031: 1996: 1578: 1431: 1340:

Centrelink debt is accrued for overpayments, when customers underestimate their income.

1106: 1024: 922: 900: 797:

The Newstart Allowance was formally renamed to the JobSeeker Payment on 20 March 2020.

612: 506:– for people planning for retirement or who are already retired aged 67 years and over. 273: 225: 1322:– for families for the cost of education for children in primary and secondary school. 542:– for people unable to work for at least 2 years due to illness, injury or disability. 4953: 2257: 2089: 1171:

The Disability Support Pension (DSP) provides income support for people who suffer a

382: 313: 280: 265: 2177: 2141:"Asylum seekers languish in Australia with no work, no hope and an uncertain future" 1363:

of this, they may also receive this allowance. The allowance ceased on 1 July 2012.

2811:"'Laughable': $ 2 Newstart increase won't help with cost of living, unemployed say" 2240: 1970:"If economists want more unemployment, will they volunteer to join the dole queue?" 1511:

psychiatric confinement orders, commonly enforced by the authoritarian Government.

1503:

Centre in South Australia so complaints are to be raised with Centrelink directly.

1029: 887: 2978:"Jobseeker forced to travel 60 km to keep payments under new welfare program" 2762: 1023:

or company or several other categories. The rationale behind the FAMT is that the

2021: 500:– offers a range of allowances to assist Indigenous students and New Apprentices. 4661: 4521: 3619:

This article contains quotations from this source, which is available under the

656: 358: 321: 317: 104: 2738:"Tim Wilson says it's possible to live on Newstart but 'not an easy lifestyle'" 2935:"Points values for tasks and activities in the Points Based Activation System" 2311:"Age Pension – Age rules – Australian Government Department of Human Services" 1360: 1148: 801: 378: 284: 241: 233: 2071: 1065:

In 2009 a number of significant changes to Youth Allowance were announced in

615:), effectively making them another type of benefit. Except for the mandatory 3781: 2830:"Prime Minister argues $ 25 per week increase to JobSeeker is 'appropriate'" 1537: 1020: 3353:"Coalition using cuts to disability support to prop up budget, expert says" 2040: 1832:"Where 'mutual obligation' began: John Howard's paradigm shift on welfare" 2339:"Age Pension | Department of Social Services, Australian Government" 1242: 918:

In September 2018, the base Newstart rate was raised by $ 2.20 per week.

409:

have to pass a range of criteria to access different levels of payments,

2691:"Here's Why People Who Are Unemployed Won't Get Any More Newstart Money" 3615: 2080: 1900:"Former welfare recipients who refuse to pay back debt face travel ban" 1568: 1427: 1124: 681: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1729:"Jim Munro and the Unemployed Workers Movement in the 1920s and 1930s" 844:

to remain on unemployment benefits for the whole of one's adult life).

4724: 3750: 536:– for people who provide full-time care for someone with a disability 3378:"Disability pension rules leave thousands with cancer on $ 44 a day" 3735: 3221:"Find out who's eligible for the government's new lockdown payment" 530:– for people who care for a child under 16 years with a disability. 518:– for full-time students and New Apprentices aged 25 years or over. 2666:"Newstart increase: What, if anything, can you buy for 50c a day?" 1857:"Social Services Legislation Amendment (Welfare Reform) Bill 2017" 1424:

Commonwealth Seniors Health Card – a HCC issued to senior citizens

1298:– for parents or carers to help with the cost of raising children. 2585:"Pressure builds on Turnbull government to abandon Newstart cuts" 1336:

process compares the estimated income with their actual income.

548:– for people who are raising children who have lost both parents. 3548:"DEEWR Budget Statements – Outcomes and Performance – Outcome 1" 1310:– for fully immunised children or those exempt from immunisation 554:– for help with those extra costs after the birth of a new baby. 405:

are eligible for various payments that they may be entitled to.

4728: 3754: 3740: 3158: 3156: 886:(ACOSS) stated that the Newstart Allowance was $ 160 below the 752: 650: 98: 59: 18: 3557:. Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations 3327:"Giving and taking away: NDIS and disability pension reform" 1997:"Patterns of Welfare Attitudes in the Australian Population" 3164:"More financial support for people affected by coronavirus" 1157:

Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations

570:

under 6 for partnered parents and under 8 for sole parents.

3745: 2374:

https://guides.dss.gov.au/social-security-guide/10/1/4/10

1409:

The following concession cards are issued by Centrelink:

1277:

rate of A$ 35.20. JobSeeker Recipients are not eligible.

261:

during this period led to a movement for welfare reform.

622:

The age pension is subject to a number of requirements:

2610:"SA councils join campaign to raise job seeker payment" 2280: 2278: 1704:

Empowerment and control in the Australian welfare state

481:

Tertiary education in Australia for "Domestic Students"

2564:"Kevin Andrews to target dole and disability payments" 2562:

Swan, Jonathan & Harrison, Dan (22 January 2014).

1697: 1695: 961:

The Coronavirus Supplement was paid to recipients of:

627:

the pension age will increase to 67, the proposed cap.

16:

Welfare payments provided by the Australian Government

2104:"New Zealand citizens claiming payments in Australia" 1609:"History of Pensions and Other Benefits in Australia" 3406:. Centrelink.gov.au. 16 October 2013. Archived from 4864: 4841: 4760: 4577: 4438: 4320: 4267: 4060: 4028: 3924: 3859: 3792: 3454:. Centrelink.gov.au. 1 January 2012. Archived from 1871:"Welfare reform package passes upper house – 9News" 1667: 1665: 1316:– for families to help with the cost of child care. 129:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2054:Schofield, Timothy P.; Butterworth, Peter (2017). 1995:Schofield, Timothy P.; Butterworth, Peter (2015). 1799: 1797: 1135:Study Assistance Scheme) is a welfare payment for 3596: 3594: 2785:"Newstart Choir Could be a Campaign Masterstroke" 1036:and parents receiving drought assistance such as 576:– for people on pensions with education expenses. 78:may be compromised due to out-of-date information 3480:. Centrelink.gov.au. 1 July 2006. Archived from 2258:"Age Pension Eligibility: Equity Keep Australia" 344:Prime Minister Ben Chifley's post-war government 3137:Long, Claudia; Snape, Jack (30 December 2020). 3056:"Coronavirus Supplement – How much you can get" 2233:Groth v Secretary Department of Social Security 2178:"A New Tax System (Family Assistance) Act 1999" 306:National Health and Pensions Insurance Act 1938 2828:Norman, Jane; Snape, Jack (22 February 2021). 1706:. New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 10. 4740: 3766: 3577:"1.2.14 Schoolkids Bonus (SKB) – Description" 1755:"Women Fighting Back in the Depression Years" 1332:are entitled to the maximum rate of payment. 1304:– for single income families or sole parents. 1289:A New Tax System (Family Assistance) Act 1999 1282:A New Tax System (Family Assistance) Act 1999 977:ABSTUDY for students getting Living Allowance 268:introduced a national aged pension under the 8: 2060:Social Psychological and Personality Science 1147:Whilst this payment is administered through 971:Youth Allowance for students and apprentices 566:– for parents or guardians to help with the 3430:"Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Safety Net" 3194:"Economic Support Payment – Who can get it" 2809:Henriques-Gomes, Luke (19 September 2018). 2484:. Centrelink. 9 August 2013. Archived from 1494:The Social Security Appeals Tribunal – SSAT 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 4747: 4733: 4725: 4444: 4326: 4066: 3930: 3798: 3773: 3759: 3751: 3602:"Paid Parental Leave scheme for employers" 3432:. Medicareaustralia.gov.au. 11 August 2013 2557: 2555: 1603: 1601: 1599: 3672:Social Security (Administration) Act 1999 3659:Social Security (Administration) Act 1999 3633:Social Security (Administration) Act 1999 2172: 2170: 2122:"Newly arrived resident's waiting period" 2079: 2030: 2020: 1615:. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 1988. 741:Learn how and when to remove this message 207:Learn how and when to remove this message 189:Learn how and when to remove this message 2765:. WhitlamDismissal.com. 13 November 1972 1038:Exceptional Circumstances Relief Payment 2857:Klein, Elise; Cook, Kay; Maury, Susan. 1595: 2909:"Information about your points target" 2659: 2657: 2533:Patricia Karvelas (13 November 2013). 2333: 2331: 1480:Authorised review officer (ARO) review 980:Parenting Payment partnered and single 270:Invalid and Old-Aged Pensions Act 1908 224:, in Australia, refers to a system of 3283:"Proposed changes to Youth Allowance" 3227:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation 3141:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation 2832:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1680:from the original on 23 December 2014 1619:from the original on 23 December 2014 1249:Additional and supplementary payments 1192:was in January 2014 appointed by the 7: 3091:. Australian Treasury. 14 April 2020 2763:"It's Time: Audio, Video And Lyrics" 1467:Original decision maker (ODM) review 1199:Australian Council of Social Service 994:receive the Coronavirus Supplement. 974:Austudy for students and apprentices 921:On 22 February 2021, Prime Minister 884:Australian Council of Social Service 861:increased to 646,414 in March 2013. 679:adding citations to reliable sources 127:adding citations to reliable sources 3621:Attribution 3.0 Australia Australia 3506:. Humanservices.gov.au. 1 July 2013 3325:Soldatic, Karen (14 October 2011). 3200:. Services Australia. 28 April 2020 2510:. Centrelink.gov.au. Archived from 2458:. Centrelink.gov.au. Archived from 2432:. Centrelink.gov.au. Archived from 2149:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1650:from the original on 15 August 2012 1449:Review of social security decisions 3526:"Maternity Immunisation Allowance" 3351:Wahlquist, Calla (26 April 2018). 1159:, and is not contained within the 1093:Australian Tertiary Admission Rank 240:. In Australia, most payments are 14: 3555:DEEWR Portfolio Budget Statements 2583:Gartrell, Adam (27 August 2016). 2535:"Call for end to welfare poverty" 2199:(Cth) sections 1169(1) and 17(2). 2155:from the original on 11 July 2022 1949:The Commons Social Change Library 1943:McIntyre, Iain (31 August 2020). 1923:The Commons Social Change Library 1917:McIntyre, Iain (31 August 2020). 1759:The Commons Social Change Library 1733:The Commons Social Change Library 1727:McIntyre, Iain (31 August 2020). 1440:Prisons and psychiatric hospitals 1003:depending on hours of work lost. 485:These are available only to the " 34:This article has multiple issues. 3614: 3082:"Income support for individuals" 3062:. Services Australia. 5 May 2020 1782:. National Archives of Australia 1354:Maternity Immunisation Allowance 1308:Maternity Immunisation Allowance 998:Temporary COVID Disaster Payment 757: 655: 510:Assistance for Isolated Children 103: 64: 23: 3746:Administrative Appeals Tribunal 3703:Tribunals Amalgamation Act 2015 3689:Tribunals Amalgamation Act 2015 2456:"Newstart Allowance-Activities" 2182:Federal Register of Legislation 2139:Morris, Nathan (10 July 2022). 1830:Davies, Anne (1 January 2022). 1672:Yeend, Peter (September 2000). 1416:– primarily entitles holder to 1397:rate of National Minimum Wage. 968:Youth Allowance for job seekers 666:needs additional citations for 348:Commonwealth Employment Service 335:1946 Social Services referendum 295:. The government established a 114:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 4773:Federated States of Micronesia 3219:Hitch, Georgia (3 June 2021). 3118:. Special Broadcasting Service 2664:Noyes, Jenny (20 March 2018). 1180:2011 Australian federal budget 1114:2007 Australian federal budget 897:2018 Australian federal budget 877:2016 Australian federal budget 789:JobSeeker Payment is the main 690:"Social security in Australia" 574:Pensioner Education Supplement 374:Contemporary welfare attitudes 138:"Social security in Australia" 1: 3110:Stayner, Tom (20 July 2020). 3029:Kelly, Cait (30 March 2024). 2736:Davey, Melissa (7 May 2018). 1753:Stone, Janey (22 June 2022). 892:Business Council of Australia 291:in line with the terminology 4960:Social security in Australia 3706:(Cth) pt 4A div 2 sub-div B. 2635:Remeikis, Amy (3 May 2018). 2022:10.1371/journal.pone.0142792 1105:was originally known as the 946:In 2020, as a result of the 460:Paid Parental Leave Act 2010 447:A New Tax System (Family Ass 3692:(Cth) pt 3 div 1 sub-div A. 3579:. Guidesacts.fahcsia.gov.au 3306:. Deewr.gov.au. 10 May 2011 1896:Australian Associated Press 1676:. Parliament of Australia. 1243:effective marginal tax rate 455:Student Assistance Act 1973 417:Asylum seekers in Australia 4986: 3452:"Pharmaceutical Allowance" 3265:"Family Actual Means Test" 2508:"Newstart Allowance-Rates" 2482:"Centrelink Work-for-Dole" 2430:"Newstart Allowance-Diary" 1388:Paid Parental Leave Scheme 1167:Disability Support Pension 1090: 1084: 1067:that year's Federal Budget 643: 540:Disability Support Pension 478: 398:Eligibility and exclusions 4679: 4447: 4329: 4143:Intelligence and security 4069: 3933: 3801: 3010:. Australia. 21 July 2022 2589:The Sydney Morning Herald 1613:Year Book Australia, 1988 1428:Pensioner Concession Card 1302:Family Tax Benefit Part B 1296:Family Tax Benefit Part A 1097:Universities in Australia 766:This section needs to be 4924:Northern Mariana Islands 3198:servicesaustralia.gov.au 3168:servicesaustralia.gov.au 3060:servicesaustralia.gov.au 2396:Social Security Act 1991 2225:Social Security Act 1991 2209:Social Security Act 1991 2196:Social Security Act 1991 2184:. Australian Government. 2072:10.1177/1948550617712031 1644:The Dictionary of Sydney 1638:Garton, Stephen (2008). 1287:Payments made under the 1263:Pharmaceutical Allowance 1161:Social Security Act 1991 983:Farm Household Allowance 644:Not to be confused with 568:cost of raising children 441:Social Security Act 1991 316:, led by Prime Minister 4965:Retirement in Australia 4889:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 2940:. Australian Government 2915:. Australian Government 2416:Parliament of Australia 2385:Deeming – What it means 2237:[1709] FCA 1995 1780:"Ben Chifley: timeline" 1702:Mendes, Philip (2018). 1062:for students under 25. 528:Carer Allowance (Child) 339:Australian Constitution 4537:Indigenous Australians 4038:States and territories 3741:Commonwealth Ombudsman 3604:. Humanservices.gov.au 3528:. Humanservices.gov.au 3247:"Parental income test" 2964:The Guardian Australia 2066:(5): 194855061771203. 1538:Commonwealth Ombudsman 1515:The AAT and the courts 1142:Torres Strait Islander 1137:Indigenous Australians 1133:Torres Strait Islander 942:Coronavirus assistance 909:Australian Labor Party 829:Job Services Australia 648:in the United Kingdom. 491:international students 472:Student Assistance Act 4867:and other territories 3831:Territorial evolution 3478:"Telephone Allowance" 2412:"A Guide to Newstart" 1898:(22 September 2018). 1584:Unemployment benefits 1564:Cashless Welfare Card 1153:Minister of Education 882:In October 2017, the 868:was appointed by the 646:Jobseeker's Allowance 617:superannuation scheme 546:Double Orphan Pension 388:canonical correlation 230:Australian Government 228:payments provided by 4970:Poverty in Australia 4277:Cabinet of Australia 4252:Government ministers 4020:World Heritage Sites 3826:European exploration 3504:"Family Tax Benefit" 3289:on 12 February 2010. 3271:on 22 December 2010. 2315:humanservices.gov.au 2290:humanservices.gov.au 1640:"Health and welfare" 1173:long-term disability 791:unemployment benefit 675:improve this article 407:New Zealand citizens 123:improve this article 4349:Gross state product 3458:on 18 December 2011 3253:on 23 January 2010. 2436:on 19 February 2001 2013:2015PLoSO..1042792S 1272:Telephone Allowance 935:Albanese government 913:to win the election 890:. In May 2018, the 468:Social Security Act 466:Payments under the 411:Permanent residents 403:Australian citizens 4755:Welfare in Oceania 4667:Australian studies 4602:Australian English 4411:Telecommunications 4247:Government leaders 4190:Political ideology 3736:Services Australia 3716:Ombudsman Act 1976 3484:on 1 November 2009 3172:Services Australia 2789:Pro Bono Australia 2569:The Canberra Times 2462:on 26 January 2001 2126:Services Australia 2108:Services Australia 1836:Guardian Australia 1367:Child Care Benefit 1327:Family Tax Benefit 1314:Child Care Benefit 1205:Sickness Allowance 1184:Gillard government 1053:school leaving age 1034:primary production 326:Menzies government 289:National Insurance 238:Services Australia 4947: 4946: 4939:Wallis and Futuna 4884:Clipperton Island 4842:Associated states 4722: 4721: 4675: 4674: 4497:Human trafficking 4434: 4433: 4316: 4315: 4116:Foreign relations 4056: 4055: 3920: 3919: 3867:Asian Australians 3662:(Cth). ss 125–126 3404:"Rent Assistance" 2616:. 25 October 2017 1574:Social safety net 1228:Parenting Payment 1197:According to the 1194:Abbott government 948:COVID-19 pandemic 927:forward estimates 870:Abbott government 864:In January 2014, 838:Work for the Dole 811:Work for the Dole 787: 786: 751: 750: 743: 725: 640:JobSeeker Payment 564:Parenting Payment 558:JobSeeker Payment 552:Maternity Payment 487:domestic students 449:istance) Act 1999 364:Work for the Dole 330:Curtin government 303:later passed the 266:Deakin government 217: 216: 209: 199: 198: 191: 173: 97: 96: 57: 4977: 4929:Pitcairn Islands 4899:French Polynesia 4879:Christmas Island 4808:Papua New Guinea 4788:Marshall Islands 4761:Sovereign states 4749: 4742: 4735: 4726: 4702: 4695: 4688: 4564:Waste management 4445: 4366:Household income 4327: 4289:Governor-General 4099:Electoral system 4067: 3931: 3799: 3775: 3768: 3761: 3752: 3723: 3713: 3707: 3699: 3693: 3685: 3679: 3669: 3663: 3655: 3649: 3646: 3640: 3630: 3624: 3618: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3598: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3573: 3567: 3566: 3564: 3562: 3552: 3544: 3538: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3522: 3516: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3500: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3489: 3474: 3468: 3467: 3465: 3463: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3426: 3420: 3419: 3417: 3415: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3384:. 9 October 2021 3374: 3368: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3331:The Conversation 3322: 3316: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3305: 3297: 3291: 3290: 3285:. Archived from 3279: 3273: 3272: 3267:. Archived from 3261: 3255: 3254: 3249:. Archived from 3243: 3237: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3190: 3184: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3160: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3134: 3128: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3086: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3026: 3020: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2956: 2950: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2939: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2913:jobsearch.gov.au 2905: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2880: 2874: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2863:The Conversation 2854: 2848: 2847: 2839: 2837: 2825: 2819: 2818: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2781: 2775: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2759: 2753: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2733: 2727: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2712: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2687: 2681: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2661: 2652: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2632: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2606: 2600: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2559: 2550: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2530: 2524: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2478: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2452: 2446: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2426: 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301:Lyons government 297:royal commission 212: 205: 194: 187: 183: 180: 174: 172: 131: 107: 99: 92: 89: 83: 76:factual accuracy 68: 67: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4975: 4974: 4950: 4949: 4948: 4943: 4866: 4860: 4843: 4837: 4818:Solomon Islands 4756: 4753: 4723: 4718: 4705: 4698: 4691: 4684: 4671: 4632:Public holidays 4573: 4517:Life expectancy 4430: 4312: 4263: 4052: 4024: 4010:Protected areas 3916: 3855: 3788: 3779: 3732: 3727: 3726: 3714: 3710: 3700: 3696: 3686: 3682: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3652: 3647: 3643: 3631: 3627: 3607: 3605: 3600: 3599: 3592: 3582: 3580: 3575: 3574: 3570: 3560: 3558: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3531: 3529: 3524: 3523: 3519: 3509: 3507: 3502: 3501: 3497: 3487: 3485: 3476: 3475: 3471: 3461: 3459: 3450: 3449: 3445: 3435: 3433: 3428: 3427: 3423: 3413: 3411: 3410:on 14 June 2012 3402: 3401: 3397: 3387: 3385: 3376: 3375: 3371: 3361: 3359: 3350: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3309: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3298: 3294: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3245: 3244: 3240: 3230: 3228: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3203: 3201: 3192: 3191: 3187: 3177: 3175: 3174:. 25 March 2020 3162: 3161: 3154: 3144: 3142: 3136: 3135: 3131: 3121: 3119: 3109: 3108: 3104: 3094: 3092: 3089:treasury.gov.au 3084: 3080: 3079: 3075: 3065: 3063: 3054: 3053: 3049: 3039: 3037: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3013: 3011: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2976: 2975: 2971: 2966:. 16 July 2022. 2958: 2957: 2953: 2943: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2932: 2928: 2918: 2916: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2892: 2890: 2882: 2881: 2877: 2867: 2865: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2835: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2793: 2791: 2783: 2782: 2778: 2768: 2766: 2761: 2760: 2756: 2746: 2744: 2735: 2734: 2730: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2713: 2709: 2699: 2697: 2689: 2688: 2684: 2674: 2672: 2663: 2662: 2655: 2645: 2643: 2634: 2633: 2629: 2619: 2617: 2608: 2607: 2603: 2593: 2591: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2561: 2560: 2553: 2543: 2541: 2532: 2531: 2527: 2517: 2515: 2506: 2505: 2501: 2491: 2489: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2465: 2463: 2454: 2453: 2449: 2439: 2437: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2418:. 19 June 1991. 2410: 2409: 2405: 2394: 2390: 2383: 2379: 2372: 2368: 2355: 2354: 2350: 2337: 2336: 2329: 2319: 2317: 2309: 2308: 2304: 2294: 2292: 2284: 2283: 2276: 2266: 2264: 2256: 2255: 2251: 2223: 2219: 2207: 2203: 2193: 2189: 2176: 2175: 2168: 2158: 2156: 2138: 2137: 2133: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2053: 2052: 2048: 1994: 1993: 1989: 1979: 1977: 1968: 1967: 1963: 1953: 1951: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1925: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1894: 1893: 1889: 1879: 1877: 1869: 1868: 1864: 1855: 1854: 1850: 1840: 1838: 1829: 1828: 1824: 1814: 1812: 1803: 1802: 1795: 1785: 1783: 1778: 1777: 1773: 1763: 1761: 1752: 1751: 1747: 1737: 1735: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1714: 1701: 1700: 1693: 1683: 1681: 1671: 1670: 1663: 1653: 1651: 1637: 1636: 1632: 1622: 1620: 1607: 1606: 1597: 1592: 1555: 1534: 1517: 1496: 1491: 1489:External review 1482: 1469: 1460: 1458:Internal review 1451: 1442: 1432:postal services 1407: 1390: 1381: 1369: 1356: 1329: 1285: 1274: 1265: 1256: 1254:Rent Assistance 1251: 1230: 1221: 1207: 1190:Patrick McClure 1169: 1122: 1103:Austudy Payment 1099: 1089: 1087:Austudy Payment 1083: 1081:Austudy Payment 1009: 1007:Youth Allowance 986:Special Benefit 951: 944: 866:Patrick McClure 783: 777: 774: 771: 762: 758: 747: 736: 730: 727: 684: 682: 672: 660: 649: 642: 608: 595: 586:Youth Allowance 580:Special Benefit 522:Carer Allowance 516:Austudy Payment 483: 475: 433: 431:Legal framework 421:social services 400: 376: 355:Amanda Vanstone 293:used in Britain 254: 236:, a program of 222:Social security 213: 202: 201: 200: 195: 184: 178: 175: 132: 130: 120: 108: 93: 87: 84: 81: 73:This article's 69: 65: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4983: 4981: 4973: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4952: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4919:Norfolk Island 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4874:American Samoa 4870: 4868: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4858: 4853: 4847: 4845: 4844:of New Zealand 4839: 4838: 4836: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4810: 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2849: 2842:Morrison said: 2820: 2801: 2776: 2754: 2728: 2707: 2682: 2653: 2627: 2601: 2575: 2551: 2539:The Australian 2525: 2514:on 5 July 2008 2499: 2488:on 29 May 2012 2473: 2447: 2421: 2403: 2388: 2377: 2366: 2348: 2327: 2302: 2274: 2249: 2231:(1); see also 2217: 2201: 2187: 2166: 2131: 2113: 2095: 2046: 1987: 1961: 1935: 1909: 1887: 1862: 1848: 1822: 1793: 1771: 1745: 1719: 1712: 1691: 1661: 1630: 1594: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1581: 1579:Welfare reform 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1554: 1551: 1533: 1530: 1516: 1513: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1481: 1478: 1468: 1465: 1459: 1456: 1450: 1447: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1436: 1425: 1422: 1406: 1403: 1389: 1386: 1380: 1377: 1368: 1365: 1355: 1352: 1345: 1344: 1341: 1328: 1325: 1324: 1323: 1317: 1311: 1305: 1299: 1284: 1279: 1273: 1270: 1264: 1261: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1229: 1226: 1220: 1217: 1206: 1203: 1168: 1165: 1121: 1118: 1107:AUSTUDY Scheme 1085:Main article: 1082: 1079: 1025:taxable income 1008: 1005: 1000: 999: 988: 987: 984: 981: 978: 975: 972: 969: 966: 943: 940: 923:Scott Morrison 901:Scott Morrison 846: 845: 841: 833: 824: 785: 784: 765: 763: 756: 749: 748: 663: 661: 654: 641: 638: 637: 636: 632: 628: 613:Pension Credit 607: 604: 594: 593:Income support 591: 590: 589: 583: 577: 571: 561: 555: 549: 543: 537: 531: 525: 519: 513: 507: 501: 474: 464: 463: 462: 457: 452: 444: 432: 429: 399: 396: 375: 372: 320:and Treasurer 274:Harvester case 253: 250: 226:social welfare 215: 214: 197: 196: 111: 109: 102: 95: 94: 72: 70: 63: 58: 32: 31: 29: 22: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4982: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4957: 4955: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4914:New Caledonia 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4894:Easter Island 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4863: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4840: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4759: 4750: 4745: 4743: 4738: 4736: 4731: 4730: 4727: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4706: 4701: 4697: 4694: 4690: 4687: 4683: 4682: 4678: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4580: 4576: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4532:Ethnic groups 4530: 4528: 4525: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4449: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4371:Manufacturing 4369: 4367: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4319: 4307: 4304: 4303: 4302: 4299: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4290: 4287: 4283: 4280: 4279: 4278: 4275: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4266: 4260: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4225:Republicanism 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4192: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4180:National debt 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4150: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4123: 4122: 4119: 4117: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4071: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4059: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4027: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3964: 3961: 3960: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3913: 3910: 3908: 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