Sociology of the Internet

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privacy and recording people without consent leads to people doubting the usage of technologies which are supposed to secure and protect personal information. The storage of data and intrusiveness in digital surveillance affects human behavior. The psychological implications of digital surveillance can cause people to have concern, worry, or fear about feeling monitored all the time. Digital data is stored within security technologies, apps, social media platforms, and other technological devices that can be used in various ways for various reasons. Data collected from people using the internet can be subject to being monitored and viewed by private and public companies, friends, and other known or unknown entities.

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or social engagement amongst users. Social media platforms such as Instagram and Twitter can evoke emotions of love, affection, and empathy. Viral challenges such as the 2014 Ice Bucket Challenge and viral memes has brought people together through mass participation displaying cultural knowledge and understanding of self. Mass participation in viral events prompts users to spread information (data) to one another effecting psychological state of mind and emotions. The link between digital sociology and data emotions is formed through the integration of technological devices within everyday life and activities.

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who did not incorporate the use of technology in their learning. In a 1999 paper, it was concluded that "studies did find improvements in student scores on tests closely related to material covered in computer-assisted instructional packages", which demonstrates how technology can have positive influences on children by improving their learning capabilities. Problems have arisen between children and their parents as well when parents limit what children can use their technological devices for, specifically what they can and cannot watch on their devices, making children frustrated.

1800:. They analyzed 26 female students with electrodes to measure social anxiety. Prior to meeting people, the students were shown pictures of the subject they were expected to meet. Researchers found that meeting someone face-to-face after looking at their photos increases arousal, which the study linked to an increase in social anxiety. These findings confirm previous studies that found that socially anxious people prefer online interactions. The study also recognized that the stimulated arousal can be associated with positive emotions and could lead to positive feelings. 1888:

their technological device or not. . The routines of children have changed due to the increasing popularity of internet connected devices, with Social Policy researcher Janet Heaton concluding that, "while the children's health and quality of life benefited from the technology, the time demands of the care routines and lack of compatibility with other social and institutional timeframes had some negative implications". Children's frequent use of technology commonly leads to decreased time available to pursue meaningful friendships, hobbies and potential career options.

68: 2524: 1312: 30: 5015: 4979: 2490:, theory development in the social sciences and humanities still consists mainly of print theories of computer cultures or societies. These analogue theories of the digital transformation, however, fail to account for how profoundly the digital transformation of the social sciences and humanities is changing the epistemic core of these fields. Digital methods constitute more than providers of ever- 5004: 1839: 864: 2374:, are increasingly being mined for research. For example, Twitter data is easily available to researchers through the Twitter API. Twitter provides researchers with demographic data, time and location data, and connections between users. From these data, researchers gain insight into user moods and how they communicate with one another. Furthermore, social networks can be graphed and visualized. 1287: 2272:', or the differences in access to digital technologies experienced by certain social groups such as the socioeconomically disadvantaged, those of lower education levels, women and the elderly, has preoccupied many researchers in the social scientific study of digital media. However several sociologists have pointed out that while it is important to acknowledge and identify the 4991: 2363:

trans-disciplinary semantic spaces of specialized dictionaries." The study took databases of images tagged with connotative and denotative keywords (a search engine) and found Riefenstahl's imagery had the same qualities as imagery tagged "degenerate" in the title of the exhibition, "Degenerate Art" in Germany at 1937.

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The Internet and social media have allowed sociologists to study how controversial topics are discussed over time—otherwise known as Issue Mapping. Sociologists can search social networking sites (i.e. Facebook or Twitter) for posts related to a hotly-debated topic, then parse through and analyze the

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are employed to analyze both the data produced as a byproduct of users' interactions with digital media and those that they create themselves. For Contents Analysis, in 2008, Yukihiko Yoshida did a study called "Leni Riefenstahl and German expressionism: research in Visual Cultural Studies using the

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can cause academic and psychological effects due to how children are suppressed by people who bully them through the Internet. When technology is introduced to children they are not forced to accept it, but instead children are permitted to have an input on what they feel about either deciding to use

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Digital sociology is connected with data and data emotions Data emotions happens when people use digital technologies that can effect their decision-making skills or emotions. Social media platforms collects users data while also effecting their emotional state of mind, which causes either solidarity

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industries have both taken full advantage of the World Wide Web, and often provide a significant source of advertising revenue for other websites. Although governments have made attempts to censor Internet porn, Internet service providers have told governments that these plans are not feasible. Also

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tool that can encourage cognitive, linguistic and social development. In a 2010 study by the University of New Hampshire, children that used technological devices exhibited greater improvements in problem-solving, intelligence, language skills and structural knowledge in comparison to those children

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Children can use technology to enhance their learning skills - for example: using online programs to improve the way they learn how to read or do math. The resources technology provides for children may enhance their skills, but children should be cautious of what they get themselves into due to how

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How should sociology respond to the emergent forms of both 'small data' and 'big data' that are collected in vast amounts as part of people's interactions with digital technologies and the development of data industries using these data to conduct their own social research? Does this suggest that a

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is another result from the use of technology by children, due to how children may prefer to use their technological devices rather than doing any form of physical activity. Parents can take control and implement restrictions to the use of technological devices by their children, which will decrease

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within its purview, as global networks of interconnected everyday objects are said to be the next step in technological advancement. Certainly, global space- and earth-based networks are expanding coverage of the IoT at a fast pace. This has a wide variety of consequences, with current applications

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sociology offers a way of addressing the changing relations between social relations and the analysis of these relations, putting into question what social research is, and indeed, what sociology is now as social relations and society have become in many respects mediated via digital technologies.

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Digital surveillance occurs when digital devices record people's daily activities, collecting and storing personal data, and invading privacy. With the advancement of new technologies, the act of monitoring and watching people online has increased between the years of 2010 to 2020. The invasion of

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Blogging was the initial social media platform being utilized by sociologists. Sociologists like Eszter Hargittai, Chris Bertram, and Kieran Healy were few amongst those who started using blogging for sociology. New discussion groups about sociology and related philosophy were the consequences of

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Although they have been reluctant to use social and other digital media for professional academics purposes, sociologists are slowly beginning to adopt them for teaching and research. An increasing number of sociological blogs are beginning to appear and more sociologists are joining Twitter, for

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Many use the Internet to access and download music, movies and other works for their enjoyment and relaxation. As discussed above, there are paid and unpaid sources for all of these, using centralized servers and distributed peer-to-peer technologies. Discretion is needed as some of these sources

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This aspect of digital sociology is perhaps what makes it distinctive from other approaches to studying the digital world. In adopting a critical reflexive approach, sociologists are able to address the implications of the digital for sociological practice itself. It has been argued that digital

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organizations which post stories and updates on behalf of the borrowers. Lenders can contribute as little as $ 25 to loans of their choice, and receive their money back as borrowers repay. Kiva falls short of being a pure peer-to-peer charity, in that loans are disbursed before being funded by

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but also the impact of the other digital media and devices that have emerged since the first decade of the twenty-first century. Since the Internet has become more pervasive and linked with everyday life, references to the 'cyber' in the social sciences seems now to have been replaced by the

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Visual media allows the viewer to be a more passive consumer of information. Viewers are more likely to develop online personas that differ from their personas in the real world. This contrast between the digital world (or 'cyberspace') and the 'real world', however, has been critiqued as

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Digital sociologists have begun to write about the use of wearable technologies as part of quantifying the body and the social dimensions of big data and the algorithms that are used to interpret these data. Others have directed attention at the role of digital technologies as part of the

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Social media has changed the ways the public sociology was perceived and given rise to digital evolution in this field. The vast open platform of communication has provided opportunities for sociologists to come out from the notion of small group sociology or publics to a vast audience.

1850:(as opposed to the Internet) by children and how it can be used excessively, where it can cause medical health and psychological issues. The use of technological devices by children can cause them to become addicted to them and can lead them to experience negative effects such as 3011:

Kranz, Matthias, Luis Roalter, and Florian Michahelles. "Things that twitter: social networks and the internet of things." What can the Internet of Things do for the Citizen (CIoT) Workshop at The Eighth International Conference on Pervasive Computing (Pervasive 2010).

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Yoshida, Yukihiko, Leni Riefenstahl and German Expressionism: A Study of Visual Cultural Studies Using Transdisciplinary Semantic Space of Specialized Dictionaries, Technoetic Arts: a journal of speculative research (Editor Roy Ascott), Volume 8, Issue3, intellect,

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There is a growing interest in the ways in which social media contributes to the development of intimate relationships and concepts of the self. One of the best-known sociologists who has written about social relationships, selfhood and digital technologies is

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Early on, there were predictions that the Internet would change everything (or nothing); over time, however, a consensus emerged that the Internet, at least in the current phase of development, complements rather than displaces previously implemented

2464:. Getting feedback on such social sites is faster and impactful. Disintermediation, visibility, and measurement are the major effects of e-public sociology. Other social media tools like Twitter and Facebook also became the tools for a sociologist. 1793:

studied how online interactions affect face-to-face meetings. The study is titled, "Face to Face Versus Facebook: Does Exposure to Social Networking Web Sites Augment or Attenuate Physiological Arousal Among the Socially Anxious," published in

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lenders and borrowers do not communicate with lenders themselves. However, the recent spread of cheap Internet access in developing countries has made genuine peer-to-peer connections increasingly feasible. In 2009 the US-based nonprofit

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using digital media is a form of public sociology that involves publishing sociological materials in online accessible spaces and subsequent interaction with publics in these spaces. This has been referred to as "e-public sociology".

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have invested heavily in said networks, and their social impact will have to be measured accordingly, with some sociologists suggesting the formation of socio-technical networks of humans and technical systems. Issues of privacy,

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analytics are at their disposal. Since large data sets can be unwieldy and contain numerous types of data (i.e. photos, videos, GIF images), researchers have the option of storing their data in non-relational databases, such as

1965:, they also use software to locate and arrest various individuals they perceive as a threat. Other countries including the United States, have enacted laws making the possession or distribution of certain material such as 2891:

Atzori, Luigi; Iera, Antonio; Morabito, Giacomo; Nitti, Michele (2012). "The Social Internet of Things (SIoT) – When social networks meet the Internet of Things: Concept, architecture and network characterization".

2334:, interviews and surveys with users of technologies, and also the analysis of the data produced from people's interactions with technologies: for example, their posts on social media platforms such as Facebook, 3469: 2436:

These questions are central to critical digital sociology, which reflects upon the role of sociology itself in the analysis of digital technologies as well as the impact of digital technologies upon sociology.

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Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students' use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,

2429:"coming crisis in empirical sociology" might be on the horizon? How are the identities and work practices of sociologists themselves becoming implicated within and disciplined by digital technologies such as 1713:. This has meant a rethinking of the 1990s ideas of "convergence of new and old media". Further, the Internet offers a rare opportunity to study changes caused by the newly emerged—and likely, still evolving— 2049:

tapped into this trend to offer the first peer-to-peer microlending platform to link lenders and borrowers across international borders without local intermediaries. Inspired by interactive websites such as

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Using large data sets, like those obtained from Twitter, can be challenging. First of all, researchers have to figure out how to store this data effectively in a database. Several tools commonly used in

4050:(2014). Social Media and e-Public Sociology. In Ariane Hanemaayer and Christopher J. Schneider, editors, The Public Sociology Debate: Ethics and Engagement, University of British Columbia Press: 205-224 2058:, Zidisha's microlending platform facilitates direct dialogue between lenders and borrowers and a performance rating system for borrowers. Web users worldwide can fund loans for as little as a dollar. 1256: 1570:

has not yet fully entered the cultural lexicon, sociologists have engaged in research related to the Internet since its inception. These sociologists have addressed many social issues relating to

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It is often said the Internet is a new frontier, and there is a line of argument to the effect that social interaction, cooperation and conflict among users resembles the anarchistic and violent

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in the title appeared in 2009. The author reflects on the ways in which digital technologies may influence both sociological research and teaching. In 2010, 'digital sociology' was described, by

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is therefore to translate analogue into digital social theories so as to complement traditional analogue social theories of the digital transformation by digital theories of digital societies.

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Information and communication technology as well as the proliferation of digital data are revolutionizing sociological research. Whereas there is already much methodological innovation in

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were once thought to be composed of strictly virtual social ties, researchers often find that even those social ties formed in virtual spaces are often maintained both online and offline

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have also provided a focus for digital sociology. For example, numerous sociological articles, and at least one book have appeared on the use of such social media platforms as Twitter,

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Lauren F. Sessions, "How offline gatherings affect online community members: when virtual community members ‘meetup’.""Information, Communication, and Society"13,3(April, 2010):375-395

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inherent in differentials in digital technology use, this concept is rather simplistic and fails to incorporate the complexities of access to and knowledge about digital technologies.

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Processing and querying this data is an additional challenge. However, there are several options available to researchers. One common option is to use a querying language, such as

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digital datasets for testing of analogue theories, but also require new forms of digital theorising. The ambition of research programmes on the digital transformation of

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Daniels, J., Gregory, K., Cottom, T.M. Digital Sociology MiniConference, organized in conjunction with the Eastern Sociological Society meetings, February 27–28, 2015.

3461: 2407:. MentionMapp shows how popular a hashtag is and Twitter Streamgraph depicts how often certain words are paired together and how their relationship changes over time. 1796: 4289: 3947: 2149:

Many use the World Wide Web to access news, weather and sports reports, to plan and book holidays and to find out more about their random ideas and casual interests.

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pioneered this concept in 2005, offering the first web-based service to publish individual loan profiles for funding. Kiva raises funds for local intermediary

3114:"Media and technology use predicts ill-being among children, preteens and teenagers independent of the negative health impacts of exercise and eating habits" 447: 2108:

many governments have attempted to put restrictions on both industries' use of the Internet, this has generally failed to stop their widespread popularity.

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Lee Rainie, John Horrigan, Barry Wellman, and Jeffrey Boase. (2006)"The Strength of Internet Ties" Pew Internet and American Life Project. Washington, D.C.

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The Impact of the Internet on Sociology: The Importance of the Communication and Information Technologies Section of the American Sociological Association

3800: 3404: 3166: 2115:. This form of leisure creates communities, bringing people of all ages and origins to enjoy the fast-paced world of multiplayer games. These range from 2861: 4358: 4031: 2208:: using digital media tools for professional purposes: to build networks, construct an e-profile, publicise and share research and instruct students. 1483:

wrote, it is a revolutionary change that "took place yesterday, or the day before, depending on how you measure it." The Internet developed from the

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has become a serious drain on corporate resources; the average UK employee spends 57 minutes a day surfing the Web at work, according to a study by

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social media impact. The vast number of comments and discussions thus became a part of understanding sociology. One of such famous groups was

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Digital sociologists use varied approaches to investigating people's use of digital media, both qualitative and quantitative. These include

2214:: researching the ways in which people's use of digital media configures their sense of selves, their embodiment and their social relations. 3647: 3495: 2322:" studies explore the ways in which the practices that groups adopt when using new technologies mitigate or reproduce social inequalities. 4143:

Dolata, Ulrich; Schrape, Jan-Felix (2023). "Platform companies on the internet as a new organizational form. A sociological perspective".

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example. Some are writing about the best ways for sociologists to employ social media as part of academic practice and the importance of

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Maireder, A. and Schwartzenegger, C. (2011) A movement of connected individuals: social media in the Austrian student protests 2009.

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The emergence of social media has provided sociologists with a new way of studying social phenomenon. Social media networks, such as

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as part of everyday life, and how these various technologies contribute to patterns of human behavior, social relationships, and

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Research has also been done on how racial minorities and the use of technology by racial minorities and other groups. These "

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are also popular. Over 6 million people use blogs or message boards as a means of communication and for the sharing of ideas.

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Expanding Sentience: Introducing Digital Sociology for moving beyond Buzz Metrics in a World of Growing Online Socialization.

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text. Sociologists can then use a number of easily accessible tools to visualize this data, such as MentionMapp or Twitter

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was published in 2015, and the first academic conference on "Digital Sociology" was held in New York, NY in the same year.

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the negative results technology can have if it is prioritized as well as help put a limit to it being used excessively.

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is an interactive experience where reality is being altered in some way by the use of digital media but not replaced.

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Rosen, L. D; Lim, A. F; Felt, J; Carrier, L. M; Cheever, N. A; Lara-Ruiz, J. M; Mendoza, J. S; Rokkum, J (2014).

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Mattern, Friedemann; Floerkemeier, Christian (2010). "From the Internet of Computers to the Internet of Things".

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Digital sociology differs from these terms in that it is wider in its scope, addressing not only the Internet or

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Bo Xie, B. ‘The mutual shaping of online and offline social relationships."Information Research, 1,3(2008):n.p.

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While online gaming has been around since the 1970s, modern modes of online gaming began with services such as

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The Digital Practices of African Americans: An Approach to Studying Cultural Change in the Information Society

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and e-mail to make and stay in touch with friends worldwide, sometimes in the same way as some previously had

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According to DiMaggio et al. (1999), research tends to focus on the Internet's implications in five domains:

4793: 4681: 4576: 2351: 2293: 2124: 1674: 1297: 1251: 1114: 1109: 887: 627: 617: 587: 467: 452: 417: 337: 332: 232: 3879:"Big Data solutions on a small scale: Evaluating accessible high-performance computing for social research" 2682: 1821:, legislation and content creation will come into public scrutiny in light of these technological changes. 4903: 4623: 4451: 4059:

Healy, Kieran. "Public Sociology in the Age of Social Media." Berkeley Sociology Journal (2015): 1-16. APA

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While technology can have negative impacts on the lives of children, it can also be used as a valuable

1668: 1614:. It is beginning to supersede and incorporate the other titles above, as well as including the newest 2523: 2226:: undertaking reflexive and critical analysis of digital media informed by social and cultural theory. 1311: 4773: 4613: 4586: 4581: 4478: 4068:

Kitchin, R. "Big Data, new epistemologies and paradigm shifts." Big Data & Society, 1(1) (2014):

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The spread of low-cost Internet access in developing countries has opened up new possibilities for

1986: 1982: 1958: 1905: 1855: 1757: 1650: 1619: 1492: 1460: 1452: 1432: 1047: 954: 712: 457: 357: 195: 182: 3971: 3411:, by David Roodman, Center for Global Development, Oct. 2, 2009, as accessed Jan. 2 & 16, 2010 2131:. This has revolutionized the way many people interact and spend their free time on the Internet. 4898: 4463: 4160: 3939: 3667: 3091: 3047: 2836:

Richard Jensen. "Military History on the Electronic Frontier: Knowledge Fights the War of 1812,"

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became famous for its ability to generate donations via the Internet, and the 2008 campaign of

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Burrows, R. (2012) Living with the h-index? Metric assemblages in the contemporary academy.

3931: 3890: 3432:, by Stephanie Strom, in The New York Times, Nov. 8, 2009, as accessed Jan. 2 & 16, 2010 3133: 3125: 3081: 3031: 2945: 2901: 2755: 2675: 2608: 2598: 2568: 2465: 2448: 2359: 2002: 1923: 1734: 1361:) involves the application of sociological or social psychological theory and method to the 1079: 999: 979: 792: 752: 696: 552: 507: 462: 407: 347: 262: 227: 177: 4285:

Communication and Information Technologies Section of the American Sociological Association

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as a means of conveying messages about activist causes and organizing political movements.

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and cyber-identities. This and similar research has attracted many different names such as

4893: 4660: 4655: 4468: 4278: 4271:(A short introduction, originally put-together for delegates to the ATSS 2001 Conference.) 4093: 4035: 3998: 3978: 3804: 3767: 3747: 3726: 3654: 3634: 3610: 3586: 3563: 3557:"Quantifying the body: monitoring and measuring health in the age of mHealth technologies" 3543: 3523: 3448: 3429: 3408: 3369: 3316: 3298: 3280: 3260: 3210: 3170: 2848: 2762: 2688: 2646: 2548: 2529: 2430: 2304: 2128: 2093: 1910:

The Internet has achieved new relevance as a political tool. The presidential campaign of

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Wynn, J. (2009) Digital sociology: emergent technologies in the field and the classroom.

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and Twitter or their consuming habits on online shopping platforms. Such techniques as

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take more care over the original artists' rights and over copyright laws than others.

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Website of Germany's first Internet Sociologist Stephan G. Humer, established in 1999

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now allow small-scale donors to direct funds to individual projects of their choice.

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Graham, R. (2016) "The Content of Our #Characters: Black Twitter as Counterpublic".

3442:"Zidisha Set to "Expand" in Peer-to-Peer Microfinance", Microfinance Focus, Feb 2010 29: 4758: 4698: 4446: 4404: 4277:(Articles the social structure and dynamic of internetcommunities. Presented by dr 3798:"Clicks, cabs, and coffee houses: social media and oppositional movements in Egypt" 3051: 3022:

Weber, Rolf H. (2010). "Internet of Things – New security and privacy challenges".

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and many others like them also put and keep people in contact for their enjoyment.

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and other organizations use the Internet to carry out both traditional and the new

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became popular and reached wider (non-scientific and non-military) audiences and

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have sections devoted to games and funny videos; short cartoons in the form of

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since before the World Wide Web, with entertaining social experiments such as

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instead of paper ones, as a discussion platform, and as a research topic. The

1136: 863: 297: 217: 142: 34: 3895: 3878: 3761:"When atoms meet bits: social media, the mobile web and augmented revolution" 3628:"Beyond the 'digital divide': Internet diffusion and inequality in Australia" 3086: 3069: 3043: 2967: 2913: 2220:: using digital data for social research, either quantitative or qualitative. 4738: 4635: 4564: 4458: 4431: 4275:

Peculiarities of Cyberspace — Building Blocks for an Internet Sociology

3935: 3580:"A new algorithmic identity: soft biopolitics and the modulation of control" 3228: 2241: 1768: 1516: 1443:

such as the Internet, and social change at-large in the transformation from

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Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other

3164:

http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/132/5/958.full.pdf

3147: 1933:

Some governments are also getting online. Some countries, such as those of

1606:'digital'. 'Digital sociology' is related to other sub-disciplines such as 4268: 4210: 3462:"Internet pornography block plans: other attempts to control the internet" 2670:

Paul DiMaggio, Eszter Hargittai, W. Russell Neuman, and John P. Robinson,

1535:

is still emerging. The amount of information available on the net and the

4326: 3695:"Digital Sociology: Emergent Technologies in the Field and the Classroom" 2379: 2367: 2312: 2201:

Four aspects of digital sociology have been identified by Lupton (2012):

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in the health, agriculture, traffic and retail fields. Companies such as

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or through the interpretation of changing messages and symbols in online

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To these four aspects add the following subfields of digital sociology:

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of the Internet that is being conducted by secret services such as the

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as a source of information and communication. The overlapping field of

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Carla G. Surratt, "The Internet and Social Change", McFarland, 2001,

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and making sociological research open access, as well as writing for

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https://www.york.ac.uk/res/iht/projects/l218252023/Heatonhsc_571.pdf

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restrict what people in their countries can access on the Internet

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are concerned with the social implications of the technology; new

1176: 1069: 3159: 3157: 3070:"Digitizing Sociology: Continuity and Change in the Internet Era" 2055: 1938: 1934: 1459:

and at the same time interpreted qualitatively, such as through

1408:—is of interest for sociologists in various ways: as a tool for 1164: 4340: 4262: 1423:

of the Internet in the stricter sense concerns the analysis of

4527: 4321: 4247:. https://tressiemc.com/uncategorized/why-is-digital-sociology 2862:"Meeting Facebook Friends Face To Face Causes Anxiety (Study)" 2253:

surveillance of people's activities, via such technologies as

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There are ongoing debates about the impact of the Internet on

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A popular twist on Internet-based philanthropy is the use of

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illegal but do not use filtering software. In some countries

3604:"Digitizing surveillance: categorization, space, inequality" 2461: 1487:, dating back to 1969; as a term it was coined in 1974. The 4145:

Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research

3385:"E-commerce will make the shopping mall a retail wasteland" 2983:"Silicon Valley to Get a Cellular Network, Just for Things" 2932:

From Active Data Management to Event-Based Systems and More

1455:). Online communities can be studied statistically through 4173:

Virtual Methods: Issues in Social Research on the Internet

3363:"How the Internet Reinforces Inequality in the Real World" 2925: 2923: 1981:

While much has been written of the economic advantages of

1973:

have agreed to restrict access to sites listed by police.

3668:"Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet" 2756:

http://digsoc.commons.gc.cuny.edu/conference-papers-2015/

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being conducted on university servers, and humor-related

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groups receiving much of the main traffic. Today, many

1753:

which facilitate both online and offline interaction.

4284: 3492:"Scotsman.com News - Net abuse hits small city firms" 4940: 4924: 4671: 4397: 4085:Roth S., Dahms H., Welz F., and Cattacin S. (2019) 1463:. Social change can be studied through statistical 4258:What is Internet Sociology and Why Does it Matter? 3648:"The Second Self: Computers and the Human Spirit" 3915:Marres, Noortje; Gerlitz, Carolin (2015-08-14). 3822:Twitter: Social Communication in the Twitter Age 3068:Fussey and Roth, Pete and Silke (June 1, 2020). 1797:Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 1771:, whether the Internet is creating more or less 1491:as we know it was shaped in the mid-1990s, when 1479:The Internet is a relatively new phenomenon. As 3877:Murthy, Dhiraj; Bowman, Sawyer A (2014-11-25). 3310:https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED452818.pdf 3292:https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ898529.pdf 3229:"The Role of Children in the Design Technology" 1618:digital technologies into its purview, such as 1393:that have arisen, as well as issues related to 1842:Technological devices can be used intensively. 4352: 2725:Orton-Johnson, K. and Prior, N. (eds) (2013) 2472:Digital transformation of sociological theory 2466:"Public Sociology in the Age of Social Media" 1993:. Electronic commerce may be responsible for 1551:The first scholarly article to have the term 1334: 888: 8: 4029:"Digital sociology part 3: digital research" 2257:and customer loyalty schemes as well as the 4098:Technological Forecasting and Social Change 3422:Confusion on Where Money Lent via Kiva Goes 4359: 4345: 4337: 4209:Daniel A. Menchik and Xiaoli Tian. (2008) 3992:"The coming crisis of empirical sociology" 2666: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2248:Sociological analyses of digital media use 2179:The Internet has seen a growing number of 1439:, organizational change catalyzed through 1341: 1327: 1286: 906: 895: 881: 66: 50: 4112:John A. Bargh and Katelyn Y. A. McKenna, 4087:"Digital transformation of social theory" 3894: 3187: 3137: 3085: 2939: 2633: 2631: 2629: 1846:Researchers have investigated the use of 1539:has continued to grow rapidly. The term ' 4197:Sociology.net: Sociology on the Internet 3785:Information, Communication & Society 2727:Digital Sociology: Critical Perspectives 2072:The Internet has been a major source of 1957:use filtering and censoring software to 1715:information and communication technology 28: 3107: 3105: 2625: 2111:One area of leisure on the Internet is 909: 58: 4195:Joan Ferrante-Wallace, Joan Ferrante, 4122:10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.141922 3722: 3711: 3256: 3245: 3206: 3195: 4231:Researching Sociology on the Internet 3910: 3908: 3906: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3063: 3061: 2812:"Social Isolation and New Technology" 2005:businesses resulting in increases in 1900:Political organization and censorship 7: 4990: 4130:Sociology in the Age of the Internet 3637:. Journal of Sociology, 42(1), 43-59 3517:"Digital sociology: an introduction" 2737: 2735: 2212:Sociological analyses of digital use 1785:In March 2014, researchers from the 1369:focuses on understanding the use of 4132:, McGraw-Hill International, 2007, 2672:Social Implications of the Internet 2594:Sociology of science and technology 1922:became even more so. Increasingly, 1825:Digital Sociology and Data Emotions 3990:Savage, M. and Burrows, R. (2007) 3626:Willis, S. and Tranter, B. (2006) 3472:from the original on 22 March 2018 3024:Computer Law & Security Review 2993:from the original on 18 March 2015 1537:number of Internet users worldwide 25: 4214:The American Journal of Sociology 3670:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 3657:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 2872:from the original on 7 March 2014 2814:. 4 November 2009. Archived from 1359:social psychology of the internet 931:through a portion of the Internet 5013: 5002: 4989: 4978: 4977: 3331:Handbook of Family Communication 2840:(October 2012) 76#4 pp 1165-82 2729:. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan 2522: 2508: 1310: 1285: 1142:Internet Message Access Protocol 917: 862: 4932:List of social science journals 3953:from the original on 2020-01-22 3848:Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 3701:from the original on 2023-01-17 3602:Graham, S. and Wood, D. (2003) 3498:from the original on 2006-10-20 3401:Kiva Is Not Quite What It Seems 3235:from the original on 2018-04-25 2860:Charles, Megan (7 March 2014). 2838:The Journal of Military History 1695:and other economic institutions 1588:sociology of online communities 448:Peace, war, and social conflict 4889:Science and technology studies 3526:. Sydney: University of Sydney 1803:Recent research has taken the 1787:Benedictine University at Mesa 1: 4312:The Sociology of the Internet 4263:Internet Sociology in Germany 4157:10.1080/13511610.2023.2182217 3591:Theory, Culture & Society 3460:Chivers, Tom (Dec 21, 2010). 2488:computational social sciences 2231:Professional digital practice 2206:Professional digital practice 1147:Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 1125:Transmission Control Protocol 4114:The Internet and Social Life 3972:"What is digital sociology?" 2950:10.1007/978-3-642-17226-7_15 2906:10.1016/j.comnet.2012.07.010 2680:10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.307 2544:Computational social science 2399:to analyze large data sets. 2303:The use of social media for 2292:, a concept similar to the ' 1507:was first released in 1995; 4281:, University of Amsterdam.) 4233:, Thomson/Wadsworth, 2004, 4199:, Thomson Wadsworth, 1996, 3182:"Download Limit Exceeded". 3118:Computers in Human Behavior 2191:Peninsula Business Services 1782:of the early 19th century. 1598:, or something else again. 1475:Emergence of the discipline 1105:Hypertext Transfer Protocol 5078: 4295:Sociology and the Internet 4269:Sociology and the Internet 3824:. Cambridge: Polity Press. 3578:Cheney-Lippold, J. (2011) 3036:10.1016/j.clsr.2009.11.008 2640:The Library in the New Age 2539:Anthropology of cyberspace 2475: 2420:Critical digital sociology 2224:Critical digital sociology 2065: 1971:Internet service providers 1951:People's Republic of China 1903: 1883:cyber bullying may occur. 1093:Information infrastructure 119:Human environmental impact 5057:Sociology of the Internet 4973: 4374: 4332:Digital Sociology storify 4301:Sociology of the Internet 4189:Internet for Sociologists 4175:, Berg Publishers, 2005, 4074:10.1177/2053951714528481. 3741:"The Aura of the Digital" 3130:10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.036 2036:for charitable purposes. 1983:Internet-enabled commerce 1725:The Internet has created 1596:sociology of cyberculture 1592:sociology of social media 1584:sociology of the internet 1406:information breakthroughs 1355:sociology of the Internet 1132:Internet service provider 4245:Why is Digital Sociology 4216:. 114:2 pp. 332–70. 4048:Christopher J. Schneider 4038:. This Sociological Life 3896:10.1177/2053951714559105 3809:Journal of Communication 3087:10.1177/0038038520918562 2516:Freedom of speech portal 2444:Public digital sociology 2125:role-playing video games 1412:, for example, in using 1005:Right to Internet access 213:Structural functionalism 4577:international relations 4016:The Sociological Review 3936:10.1111/1467-954x.12314 3924:The Sociological Review 3837:. New York: Peter Lang. 3683:. New York: Basic Books 3074:Department of Sociology 2352:social network analysis 2274:structural inequalities 1727:social network services 1675:political participation 1252:History of the Internet 1115:Internet protocol suite 1110:Internet exchange point 233:Symbolic interactionism 128:Industrial revolutions 18:Sociology of cyberspace 4904:Quantum social science 4322:Culture Digitally blog 3889:(2): 205395171455910. 3883:Big Data & Society 3739:Betancourt, M. (2006) 3721:Cite journal requires 3615:Critical Social Policy 3568:Critical Public Health 3255:Cite journal requires 3205:Cite journal requires 2604:Technology and society 2395:, in conjunction with 2019:peer-to-peer charities 1843: 1834:The impact on children 1683:deliberative democracy 985:Freedom of information 223:Social constructionism 48: 4941:Other categorizations 4794:International studies 4779:History of technology 4714:Communication studies 4597:public administration 3759:Jurgenson, N. (2012) 2332:ethnographic research 2326:Digital data analysis 2218:Digital data analysis 2121:first-person shooters 1841: 1699:participatory culture 1519:was founded in 2001. 1515:was founded in 1998. 1449:informational society 1404:in a series of major 598:Conversation analysis 173:Social stratification 32: 4774:Historical sociology 4307:Internet sociologist 3535:Carrigan, M. (2013) 2866:Business 2 Community 2614:Virtual volunteering 2574:Internet vigilantism 2554:Digital anthropology 2411:Digital surveillance 2356:time series analysis 2068:sociology of leisure 2034:peer-to-peer lending 1819:right to information 1612:digital anthropology 1375:concepts of the self 1035:Virtual volunteering 4954:Geisteswissenschaft 4948:Behavioral sciences 4874:Political sociology 4789:Information science 4734:Development studies 4096:. Special Issue of 3546:. Mark Carrigan.net 2745:. London: Routledge 2478:Sociological theory 2294:aura of the digital 1997:and the decline of 1987:economic inequality 1906:Internet censorship 1758:virtual communities 1620:wearable technology 1493:graphical interface 1461:virtual ethnography 1453:information society 1433:virtual communities 1387:virtual communities 1317:Internet portal 1257:Oldest domain names 183:Social cycle theory 54:Part of a series on 5009:Society portal 4496:auxiliary sciences 4128:Allison Cavanagh, 4092:2021-10-23 at the 4034:2021-10-26 at the 4027:Lupton, D. (2012) 3997:2013-03-13 at the 3977:2021-10-26 at the 3970:Marres. N. (2013) 3833:Graham, R. (2014) 3820:Murthy, D. (2013) 3803:2015-05-01 at the 3766:2023-01-17 at the 3746:2020-05-26 at the 3693:Wynn, Jonathan R. 3679:Turkle, S. (2011) 3666:Turkle, S. (1995) 3653:2021-09-25 at the 3646:Turkle, S. (1984) 3633:2015-05-18 at the 3609:2016-11-11 at the 3585:2015-05-18 at the 3562:2020-04-21 at the 3555:Lupton, D. (2013) 3542:2021-10-23 at the 3522:2021-10-26 at the 3515:Lupton, D. (2012) 3447:2011-10-08 at the 3428:2018-01-21 at the 3407:2010-02-10 at the 3390:, January 17, 2013 3368:2013-02-11 at the 3315:2017-02-19 at the 3297:2018-12-31 at the 3279:2017-08-14 at the 3169:2020-10-24 at the 2847:2017-12-03 at the 2818:on 12 January 2014 2761:2021-10-26 at the 2741:Lupton, D. (2015) 2701:Sociological Forum 2687:2020-05-11 at the 2645:2008-05-26 at the 2584:Social informatics 2564:Digital Revolution 2559:Digital humanities 2484:digital humanities 1856:attention problems 1844: 1805:Internet of Things 1731:social interaction 1703:cultural diversity 1632:Internet of Things 1608:digital humanities 1572:online communities 1566:Although the term 1531:in the mid-2000s. 1495:and services like 1427:(e.g. as found in 1425:online communities 1100:Domain Name System 990:Internet phenomena 869:Society portal 492:History of science 473:Race and ethnicity 153:Social environment 49: 5029: 5028: 4869:Political economy 4864:Political ecology 4719:Community studies 4709:Cognitive science 4672:Interdisciplinary 4572:Political science 4317:Digital Sociology 4303:(link collection) 3811:, 62(2), 231-248. 2987:Technology Review 2959:978-3-642-17225-0 2900:(16): 3594–3608. 2894:Computer Networks 2743:Digital Sociology 2703:, 24(2), 448--456 2298:Augmented reality 2259:mass surveillance 2166:Social networking 2007:income inequality 1967:child pornography 1928:Internet activism 1780:American frontier 1669:date displacement 1624:augmented reality 1568:digital sociology 1561:Digital Sociology 1553:digital sociology 1547:Digital sociology 1541:digital sociology 1505:Internet Explorer 1367:digital sociology 1351: 1350: 1202:Instant messaging 1120:Internet Protocol 1030:Virtual community 927:visualization of 905: 904: 623:Social experiment 503:Social psychology 148:Social complexity 16:(Redirected from 5069: 5052:Social influence 5042:Internet culture 5017: 5007: 5006: 4993: 4992: 4981: 4980: 4884:Regional science 4729:Cultural studies 4704:Business studies 4361: 4354: 4347: 4338: 4327:Cyborgology blog 4171:Christine Hine, 4168: 4101: 4083: 4077: 4066: 4060: 4057: 4051: 4045: 4039: 4025: 4019: 4018:, 60(2), 355—72. 4012: 4006: 3988: 3982: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3952: 3921: 3912: 3901: 3900: 3898: 3874: 3861: 3857: 3851: 3850:, 2(4) 433 – 449 3844: 3838: 3831: 3825: 3818: 3812: 3794: 3788: 3781: 3775: 3757: 3751: 3737: 3731: 3730: 3724: 3719: 3717: 3709: 3707: 3706: 3690: 3684: 3677: 3671: 3664: 3658: 3644: 3638: 3624: 3618: 3600: 3594: 3593:, 28(6), 164-81. 3576: 3570: 3553: 3547: 3533: 3527: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3488: 3482: 3481: 3479: 3477: 3457: 3451: 3439: 3433: 3418: 3412: 3397: 3391: 3382: 3376: 3375:February 6, 2013 3360: 3354: 3353: 3351: 3350: 3344: 3338:. 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Wilson, 4227: 4225:978-0786410194 4217: 4207: 4193: 4183: 4169: 4140: 4126: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4102: 4078: 4061: 4052: 4040: 4020: 4007: 3983: 3963: 3902: 3862: 3852: 3839: 3826: 3813: 3789: 3787:, 15(2), 1-25. 3776: 3752: 3732: 3723:|journal= 3685: 3672: 3659: 3639: 3619: 3595: 3571: 3548: 3528: 3508: 3483: 3452: 3434: 3413: 3392: 3377: 3355: 3320: 3302: 3284: 3266: 3257:|journal= 3227:(1999-10-02). 3225:Druin, Allison 3216: 3207:|journal= 3174: 3153: 3101: 3080:(4): 659–674. 3057: 3014: 3004: 2973: 2958: 2941:10.1.1.171.145 2919: 2883: 2852: 2829: 2803: 2793: 2784: 2775: 2766: 2747: 2731: 2718: 2705: 2692: 2652: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2617: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2551: 2546: 2541: 2535: 2534: 2533: 2519: 2503: 2500: 2473: 2470: 2462:Crooked Timber 2445: 2442: 2421: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2327: 2324: 2270:digital divide 2249: 2246: 2238:self-archiving 2232: 2229: 2228: 2227: 2221: 2215: 2209: 2198: 2195: 2168:websites like 2063: 2060: 2014: 2011: 1991:digital divide 1978: 1975: 1963:United Kingdom 1901: 1898: 1885:Cyber bullying 1835: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1773:social capital 1722: 1719: 1706: 1705: 1696: 1690: 1672: 1665:social capital 1658: 1655:digital divide 1643: 1640: 1548: 1545: 1489:World Wide Web 1481:Robert Darnton 1476: 1473: 1437:virtual worlds 1417:questionnaires 1349: 1348: 1346: 1345: 1338: 1331: 1323: 1320: 1319: 1306: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1294: 1281: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1270: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1248: 1245: 1244: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1235: 1234: 1227:World Wide Web 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1173: 1172: 1161: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1153: 1150: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1122: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1096: 1091: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1083: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1051: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1038: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 995:Net neutrality 992: 987: 982: 977: 975:Digital rights 972: 970:Digital divide 967: 962: 957: 952: 947: 941: 938: 937: 934: 933: 922: 914: 913: 903: 902: 900: 899: 892: 885: 877: 874: 873: 872: 871: 856: 855: 852: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 815: 810: 809: 806: 805: 659: 658: 644: 639: 638: 635: 634: 631: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 569: 564: 563: 560: 559: 556: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 320: 315: 310: 305: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 268:Astrosociology 265: 260: 255: 249: 244: 243: 240: 239: 236: 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 210: 205: 199: 194: 193: 190: 189: 186: 185: 180: 175: 170: 165: 160: 155: 150: 145: 140: 126: 121: 116: 114:Human behavior 111: 106: 100: 97: 96: 93: 92: 91: 90: 85: 80: 72: 71: 63: 62: 56: 55: 33:Anti-internet 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5074: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5022: 5021: 5016: 5012: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4998: 4997: 4988: 4986: 4985: 4976: 4975: 4972: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4960:Human science 4958: 4956: 4955: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4945: 4943: 4939: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4927: 4923: 4917: 4916:Vegan studies 4914: 4912: 4909: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4879:Public health 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4858: 4855: 4853: 4850: 4848: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4814: 4813:Philosophies 4812: 4810: 4809:Media studies 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4784:Human ecology 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4760: 4757: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4694:Anthrozoology 4692: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4670: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4638: 4637: 4634: 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4239:9780534568955 4236: 4232: 4228: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4208: 4206: 4205:9780534527563 4202: 4198: 4194: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4182: 4181:9781845200855 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4141: 4139: 4138:9780335217267 4135: 4131: 4127: 4125: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4110: 4106: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4088: 4082: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4065: 4062: 4056: 4053: 4049: 4044: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4030: 4024: 4021: 4017: 4011: 4008: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3993: 3987: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3967: 3964: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3918: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3903: 3897: 3892: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3863: 3856: 3853: 3849: 3843: 3840: 3836: 3830: 3827: 3823: 3817: 3814: 3810: 3807:, 2004-2011. 3806: 3802: 3799: 3793: 3790: 3786: 3780: 3777: 3773: 3769: 3765: 3762: 3756: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3742: 3736: 3733: 3728: 3715: 3700: 3696: 3689: 3686: 3682: 3676: 3673: 3669: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3649: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3629: 3623: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3605: 3599: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3581: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3558: 3552: 3549: 3545: 3541: 3538: 3532: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3497: 3493: 3487: 3484: 3471: 3467: 3466:The Telegraph 3463: 3456: 3453: 3450: 3446: 3443: 3438: 3435: 3431: 3427: 3424: 3423: 3417: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3403: 3402: 3396: 3393: 3389: 3386: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3371: 3367: 3364: 3359: 3356: 3345:on 2018-10-24 3341: 3334: 3332: 3324: 3321: 3318: 3314: 3311: 3306: 3303: 3300: 3296: 3293: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3270: 3267: 3262: 3249: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3220: 3217: 3212: 3199: 3190: 3185: 3178: 3175: 3172: 3168: 3165: 3160: 3158: 3154: 3149: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3108: 3106: 3102: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3079: 3075: 3071: 3064: 3062: 3058: 3053: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3018: 3015: 3008: 3005: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2977: 2974: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2942: 2937: 2933: 2926: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2887: 2884: 2871: 2867: 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2271: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2230: 2225: 2222: 2219: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2203: 2202: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2187:Cyberslacking 2184: 2182: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2150: 2147: 2143: 2141: 2137: 2132: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2113:online gaming 2109: 2106: 2102: 2097: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2028: 2027:Global Giving 2024: 2023:Donors Choose 2020: 2012: 2010: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1995:consolidation 1992: 1988: 1984: 1976: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1916:United States 1913: 1907: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1889: 1886: 1880: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1840: 1833: 1831: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1815: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1799: 1798: 1792: 1788: 1783: 1781: 1776: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1761: 1759: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1721:Social impact 1720: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1704: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1693:organizations 1691: 1688: 1687:civil society 1684: 1680: 1679:public sphere 1676: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1647: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1633: 1629: 1628:smart objects 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1474: 1472: 1470: 1469:media studies 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1400:The Internet— 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1371:digital media 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1344: 1339: 1337: 1332: 1330: 1325: 1324: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1307: 1300: 1299: 1295: 1293: 1292: 1283: 1282: 1276: 1275: 1268: 1267:Protocol Wars 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1249: 1243: 1242: 1233: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1222:Voice over IP 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1192:File transfer 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1171: 1170:Microblogging 1168: 1167: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1156: 1155: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1089: 1088: 1081: 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1049: 1044: 1043: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 961: 960:Data activism 958: 956: 953: 951: 948: 946: 943: 942: 936: 935: 930: 929:routing paths 926: 920: 916: 915: 912: 908: 898: 893: 891: 886: 884: 879: 878: 876: 875: 870: 865: 860: 859: 858: 857: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 834:Organizations 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 816: 813: 808: 807: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 783: · 782: 779: · 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 739: · 738: 735: 732: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 671: · 670: 666: 663: 656: 652: 649: 646: 645: 642: 637: 636: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 588:Computational 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 570: 567: 562: 561: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 499: 496: 493: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 333:Environmental 331: 328: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 283:Consciousness 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 259: 256: 254: 251: 250: 247: 242: 241: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 200: 197: 192: 191: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 163:Social equity 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 135: 131: 127: 125: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 109:Globalization 107: 105: 102: 101: 95: 94: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 76: 75: 74: 73: 69: 65: 64: 61: 57: 53: 52: 47: 43: 39: 36: 31: 27: 19: 5018: 4994: 4982: 4952: 4759:Food studies 4699:Area studies 4650: 4452:mathematical 4447:econometrics 4405:Anthropology 4244: 4230: 4213: 4196: 4190: 4186: 4172: 4148: 4144: 4129: 4113: 4081: 4064: 4055: 4043: 4023: 4015: 4010: 4002: 3986: 3981:CSISP Online 3966: 3955:. 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