31:
219:), which may be old enough (many years) to have accumulated multiple mutations since seed germination, some of them subject to natural selection. It is noteworthy in this context that, generally speaking, adult, reproducing plants tend to produce many more offspring in number than animal organisms.
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concepts: in particular, it would make
Lamarckian inheritance from changes to the body (the soma) difficult or impossible. It remains important, but has however required qualification in the light of modern understanding of
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Whitham, T.G.; Slobodchikoff, C.N. (1981). "Evolution by individuals, plant-herbivore interactions, and mosaics of genetic variability: The adaptive significance of somatic mutations in plants".
207:) contain multipotent stem cell lineages, that give rise to both somatic and reproductive cells. The Weismann barrier appears to be of a more recent evolutionary origin among animals.
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In plants, genetic changes in somatic lines can and do result in genetic changes in the germ lines, because the germ cells are produced by somatic cell lineages (vegetative
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theory of the late 19th century, before the development of better-based and more sophisticated concepts of genetics in the early 20th century, is sometimes referred to as
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62:, is the strict distinction between the "immortal" germ cell lineages producing gametes and "disposable" somatic cells in animals (but not plants), in contrast to
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De Tiege, Alexis; Tanghe, Koen; Braeckman, Johan; Van de Peer, Yves (January 2014). "From DNA- to NA-centrism and the conditions for gene-centrism revisited".
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364:
337:
Gauthier, Peter (March–May 1990). "Does
Weismann's Experiment Constitute a Refutation of the Lamarckian Hypothesis?".
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The
Weismann barrier was of great importance in its day and among other influences it effectively banished certain
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Medvedev, Zhores A. (1981). "On the immortality of the germ line: Genetic and biochemical mechanisms. A review".
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in each generation from the germ plasm. Whatever may happen to those cells does not affect the next generation.
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indicated the presence of unique information maintenance and restoration processes at the different stages of
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164:. In particular, Medvedev considered that the most important opportunities for information maintenance of
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Weismann set out the concept in his 1892 book ″Das
Keimplasma: eine Theorie der Vererbung″ (German for
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proposed by
Weismann. Rather Medvedev thought that known features of the biochemistry and genetics of
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Radzvilavicius, Arunas L.; Hadjivasiliou, Zena; Pomiankowski, Andrew; Lane, Nick (2016-12-20).
81:. This means that new information from somatic mutation is not passed on to the germline. This
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Geison, G. L. (1969). "Darwin and heredity: The evolution of his hypothesis of pangenesis".
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replicative and other synthetic systems alone could not explain the "immortal"
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Distinction between germ cell lineages producing gametes and somatic cells
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In more precise terminology, hereditary information is copied only from
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572:"Selection for Mitochondrial Quality Drives Evolution of the Germline"
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theory. The hereditary material, the germ plasm, is confined to the
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502:"How Mutational and Epigenetic Changes Enable Adaptive Evolution"
313:"The Germ-Plasm: a Theory of Heredity (1893), by August Weismann"
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from the types of damage that caused irreversible ageing in
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The Embryo
Project Encyclopedia (Arizona State University)
96:). The use of this theory, commonly in the context of the
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concept implies that somatic mutations are not inherited.
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Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
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and some other genetic and histological developments.
116:) that in which there is a distinct germline, from
120:. This type of development is correlated with the
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229:Alternatives to evolution by natural selection
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463:(3rd ed.). Blackwell. pp. 295–297.
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244:Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
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521:Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
144:The Russian biologist and historian
365:central dogma of molecular biology
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311:You, Yawen (26 January 2015).
46:. Somatic cells (of the body)
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479:An examination of Weismannism
435:An examination of Weismannism
433:Romanes, George John (1893).
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170:recombination during meiosis
70:mechanism for inheritance.
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104:. Some authors distinguish
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94:: a theory of inheritance
18:Soma-to-germline feedback
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134:horizontal gene transfer
437:. Chicago: Open court.
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34:Diagram of
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681:Categories
263:References
256:Pangenesis
250:Lamarckism
174:DNA repair
166:germ cells
129:Lamarckian
114:epigenetic
98:germ plasm
92:Germ Plasm
68:pangenesis
40:germ plasm
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598:1545-7885
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461:Evolution
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217:meristems
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477:(1893).
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223:See also
205:Anthozoa
201:Porifera
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