1483:
1790:
354:
1859:
34:
1969:
1706:
955:, teaches the greatest number of students and enjoys high parental support, is oftentimes the only system accessible to Somalis in nomadic as compared to urban areas. A study from 1993 found, among other things, that "unlike in primary schools where gender disparity is enormous, around 40 per cent of Qur'anic school pupils are girls; but the teaching staff have minimum or no qualification necessary to ensure intellectual development of children." To address these concerns, the Somali government on its own part subsequently established the Ministry of Endowment and Islamic Affairs, under which Qur'anic education is now regulated.
344:
1946:
1609:
3237:
3870:
3880:
579:
1867:
831:– Prominent Somali military commander and political leader. A former general and diplomat, he was the chairman of the United Somali Congress (USC) and later led the Somali National Alliance (SNA). In 1992, Aidid attacked American troops in the nation. He was one of the main targets of the Unified Task Force. Eventually forcing United States forces to withdraw from Somalia in 1995.
918:
1801:, a long stretch of cloth tied over the shoulder and draped around the waist. The guntiino is traditionally made out of plain white fabric sometimes featuring with decorative borders, although nowadays alindi, a textile common in the Horn region and some parts of North Africa, is more frequently used. The garment can be worn in many different styles and with different fabrics.
1957:
970:
2107:
1775:
1937:, and other festive occasions. Somali henna designs are similar to other horn of Africans, often featuring flower motifs and triangular shapes. The palm is also frequently decorated with a dot of henna, and the fingertips are dipped in the dye. Henna parties are usually held before the wedding ceremony takes place.
876:. Islam may thus have been introduced into Somalia well before the faith even took root in its place of origin. An alternate theory states that Islam was brought to the coastal settlements of Somalia between the 7th and the 10th century by seafaring Arab and Persian merchants. Somali Sufi religious orders (
445:
Among the tribes, the
Eidagalla are the recognized experts in the composition of poetry. One individual poet of the Eidagalla may be no better than a good poet of another tribe, but the Eidagalla appear to have more poets than any other tribe. "if you had a hundred Eidagalla men here," Hersi Jama
1759:
Traditionally Somali attire for men consisted of two sheets (often plain white), one draped over the shoulder and the other tied around the waist. The sheet sometimes had embroidery, patterns or laced borders. This attire is no longer common though it can be found in some rural communities.
1102:
1578:
used to be a major language, but its influence significantly diminished following independence. It is now most frequently heard among older generations who were in contact with the
Italians at that time or later as migrants into Italy. Other minority languages include
1482:
1812:
and serves as a key part of the overall outfit. The dirac is usually sparkly and very colorful, the most popular styles being those with gilded borders or threads. The fabric is typically acquired from Somali clothing stores in tandem with the
1836:. A garbasaar can be worn by any woman regardless of their marital status. In general, however, Somali women cover up with hijab when outside their home or in the presence of men outside of the immediate family (cousins, uncles, friends).
1839:
Additionally, Somali women have a long tradition of wearing gold and silver jewelry, particularly bangles. During weddings, the bride is frequently adorned in gold. Many Somali women by tradition also wear gold necklaces and anklets. The
1429:
397:
1065:
In addition, the Somali community has produced numerous important
Islamic figures over the centuries, many of whom have significantly shaped the course of Muslim learning and practice in the Horn of Africa, the
1808:, women wear the dirac, a long, light, diaphanous voile dress made of cotton or polyester fabric. It is worn over a full-length half-slip and a brassiere. Known as the gorgorad, the underskirt is made out of
2213:
2243:. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in
418:, which contains Southeast Asian influences. Due to the Somali people's foremost ingenuity and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to as a "Nation of Poets" and a "Nation of
2129:
in 1972 to transcribe the Somali language, numerous contemporary Somali authors have also released novels, some of which have gone on to receive worldwide acclaim. Of these modern writers,
1789:
2923:
The official languages of the Somali
Republic shall be Somali (Maay and Maxaatiri) and Arabic. The second languages of the Transitional Federal Government shall be English and Italian.
538:
share a common language, religion, culture and ethnicity, and as such constitute a nation unto themselves. The ideology's earliest manifestations in the medieval era are traced to the
1479:
is the most widely used, and has been the official writing script in
Somalia since the government of former President of Somalia Siad Barre formally introduced it in October 1972.
1858:
864:. There are two theories about when Somalis began adopting Islam. One states that the religion entered the region very early on, as a group of persecuted Muslims had, at Prophet
353:
1048:
958:
The Somali community has produced important Muslim figures over the centuries, many of whom have significantly shaped the course of
Islamic learning and practice in the
2041:
Somalis use sweeping hand and arm gestures to dramatize speech. Many ideas are expressed through specific hand gestures. Most of these gestures are performed by women:
991:
has not conducted a survey in
Somalia, its Somali-majority northwestern neighbour Djibouti reported a creed breakdown of Muslims which was reported as 77% adhering to
4224:
3994:
943:) remain the basic system of traditional religious instruction in Somalia. It is delivered in Arabic. They provide Islamic education for children. According to the
2969:
1817:. In more informal settings, like being at home, Somali women typically wear baati. A baati is a long dress-like wear that is made out of comfortable polyester.
2731:
Marchal, Roland, and
Zakaria M. Sheikh. "Salafism in Somalia: Coping with coercion, civil war and its own contradictions." Islamic Africa 6.1-2 (2015): 135-163.
33:
1926:
in southern
Somalia, but these are considered rare. Instead, intricate patterns and geometric designs, bold colors and monumental architecture were the norm.
3222:
1292:
330:
2144:
566:. The SYC was later renamed the Somali Youth League (SYL) in 1947. It became the most influential political party in the early years of post-independence
1902:
beliefs. However, there have been instances in the past of artistic depictions representing living creatures such as the golden birds on the
Mogadishan
2683:
4139:
3043:
3979:
703:
910:
of Arabia. The religious differences between Qaadiriya and Salihiyya were controversial, as Salihis continued to oppose the Qadiris' practice of
3916:
1953:
Somalis warmly greet each other with handshakes, but shaking hands with the opposite sex is avoided by many. Common verbal greetings include:
1729:-like garment worn around the waist and a large cloth wrapped around the upper part of their body. On their heads, they often wrap a colorful
899:
of Baghdad. I. M. Lewis states that Qaadiriya has a high reputation for maintaining a higher standard of Islamic instruction than its rivals.
2914:
2882:
2855:
2756:
2511:
2481:
2327:
Woldu, Demelash. Exploring language uses and policy processes in Karat Town of Konso Woreda, Ethiopia. Diss. University of East Anglia, 2018.
2312:
2209:
1444:. Northern Somali (or Northern-Central Somali) forms the basis for Standard Somali. Benaadir (also known as Coastal Somali) is spoken on the
2999:
1968:
914:, and claimed the act to be invalid and improper religious activity. The Ahmadiya has the smallest number of adherents of the three orders.
3999:
3598:
1705:
3192:
1110:
778:
and politician; first Somali Air Force pilot, the father of Somali Air Force and a prominent member of the Supreme Revolutionary Council.
3354:
3308:
446:
once told me, "And asked which of them could sing his own gabei ninety-five would be able to sing. The others would still be learning."
3672:
2707:
1525:. Besides Ahmed's Latin script, other orthographies that have been used for centuries for writing Somali include the long-established
3056:
2668:
2638:
2611:
2446:
1120:
2684:
pages The Integrated Quranic Schools Pilot Project: The Strategic Partnership for Recovery and Development of Education in Somalia
2199:
1126:
323:
3175:
1882:
Somali art is the artistic culture of the Somali people, both historic and contemporary. These include artistic traditions in
477:
Somali art is the artistic culture of the Somali people, both historic and contemporary. These include artistic traditions in
3291:
3154:
2185:
1933:
is an important part of Somali culture. It is worn by Somali women on their hands, arms, feet and neck during weddings, Eid,
753:
598:
2159:
is considered by many to be the greatest living Somali poet, and several of his works have been translated internationally.
906:(visiting the tombs of saints to ask mediation). B. G. Martin states that these two orders shared some of the views of the
902:
Ahmadiyah and its sub-sect Salihiyyah preached a puritanical form of Islam, and have rejected the popular Sufi practice of
4250:
3608:
3593:
3549:
3457:
3325:
3144:
2195:
1550:
563:
258:
1425:
languages. Somali is the best documented of the Cushitic languages, with academic studies of it dating from before 1900.
4014:
3662:
3588:
3544:
3036:
2977:
1554:
1268:
1058:
Although Somali women were initially excluded from the many male-dominated religious orders, the all-female institution
347:
3185:
2385:
4328:
4297:
4293:
3719:
3682:
3677:
3667:
3495:
3337:
3217:
3212:
411:
316:
278:
96:
888:– in the form of Muslim brotherhoods have played a major role in Somali Islam and the modern era history of Somalia.
3909:
3783:
2360:
Hesse, Brian J. "Introduction: the myth of 'Somalia'." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 28.3 (2010): 247-259
1208:
1132:
823:
4306:
3736:
3695:
3620:
3615:
3261:
3129:
2434:
1156:
1078:
996:
665:
441:
clan were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries:
288:
4054:
3766:
2143:
are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998
1348:
1260:
787:
681:
671:
606:
586:
1216:
343:
4289:
4164:
4154:
3959:
3746:
3741:
3657:
3554:
3534:
3236:
3104:
3029:
2156:
1689:
1603:
547:
192:
140:
756:, speaker of parliament, from 1965 to 1969 and interim President of Somalia before the coup d'état in 1969.
4169:
4059:
3989:
3652:
3559:
2148:
1945:
1498:
1375:
1334:
895:
is the oldest, and it is the sect to which most Somalis belong. The Qaadiriya order is named after Shaikh
815:
743:
2959:
Lewis, Ioan. "Somali Democratic Republic." Marxist Governments. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 1981. 640-660
2874:
A Pastoral Democracy: A Study of Pastoralism and Politics Among the Northern Somali of the Horn of Africa
652:(d.1948) – Early 20th century Somali female nationalist whose sacrifice became a symbol for Pan-Somalism.
4229:
4149:
4114:
4099:
4084:
4039:
3974:
3902:
2235:
and Mohamed Deq Abdulle took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World
1414:
1286:
1020:
861:
803:
791:
781:
729:
131:
4280:
1337:(1847–1909) – Somali scholar credited reviving Islam in 19th century East Africa and with followers in
1178:
1564:
is an official national language of Somalia. Many Somalis speak it due to centuries-old ties with the
1181:– 14th century Somali scholar and traveler. His reputation as a scholar earned him audiences with the
4104:
3851:
3756:
3705:
3603:
3566:
3539:
3245:
3124:
3114:
2232:
2221:
2173:
1400:
1274:
819:
759:
675:
293:
283:
273:
206:
1871:
4204:
4179:
4029:
4024:
4004:
3969:
3954:
3841:
3826:
3806:
3778:
3583:
3513:
3271:
2438:
1625:
1546:
1530:
1142:
1136:
988:
841:
828:
747:
737:
713:
614:
594:
583:
555:
378:
263:
249:
197:
178:
116:
91:
66:
3879:
2911:
2753:
1744:
Due to Somalia's proximity to and close ties with the Muslim world, many Somali men also wear the
554:
protectorate. In the country's northeastern, central and southern regions, the similarly oriented
4276:
4267:
4258:
4189:
4144:
4129:
4119:
4109:
4074:
4069:
4019:
3964:
3939:
3700:
3640:
3529:
3266:
3139:
3134:
3119:
3064:
2794:
2582:
2544:
2135:
2118:
1502:
1410:
896:
709:
687:
643:
559:
551:
518:
268:
126:
86:
2057:
It is impolite to use the index finger to call somebody; that gesture is used for calling dogs.
690:– Former Minister in the civilian government of the 1960s, political prisoner and Pan-Somalist.
4199:
4194:
4134:
4089:
4049:
3944:
3925:
3846:
3816:
3761:
3731:
3281:
2878:
2851:
2847:
2664:
2634:
2607:
2507:
2477:
2452:
2442:
2424:
2308:
2304:
2260:
2168:
2101:
2002:
1903:
1580:
1354:
1238:
1067:
775:
434:
427:
121:
76:
2872:
4254:
4174:
4124:
4079:
4064:
4044:
4034:
4009:
3949:
3873:
3836:
3831:
3788:
3180:
3167:
3099:
3089:
2786:
2574:
2536:
2265:
2090:
1981:
1895:
1769:
1676:
1591:
1587:
1575:
1571:
1542:
1534:
1506:
1464:
which do not exist in Standard Somali. Maay is principally spoken by the Digil and Mirifle (
847:
806:– President of Somalia, Colonel in Somali National Army, and commander during WSLF campaign.
699:
498:
467:
455:
451:
384:
240:
235:
230:
187:
159:
111:
106:
101:
42:
2176:, or soccer, is the most popular sport in Somalia. Important domestic competitions are the
1101:
4184:
4094:
3984:
3773:
3751:
3687:
3447:
3432:
3276:
3109:
2918:
2760:
2389:
2126:
2110:
1992:
1919:
1753:
1608:
1584:
1561:
1538:
1526:
1510:
1494:
1476:
1406:
1396:
1379:
1222:
809:
771:
765:
590:
527:
437:, who originally coined the term "Nation of Poets" to describe the Somali Peninsular, the
220:
2658:
2628:
2601:
2151:
is another prominent Somali writer who is perhaps best known for his Dervish era novel,
578:
3883:
3821:
3437:
3427:
3407:
3342:
3162:
3094:
2270:
2177:
2130:
1629:
1472:
1433:
1228:
1129:– 10th-century saint and Islamic scholar referred to as master of the Islamic sciences.
959:
873:
661:
620:
415:
304:
81:
2012:
1313:(1825–1918) - Influential 19th & 20th century Qadiriyya leader and founder of the
1051:
of Somalia likewise defines Islam as the religion of the Somali Republic, and Islamic
852:
With very few exceptions, Somalis are entirely Muslims, the majority belonging to the
4322:
3377:
2840:
2775:"A software tool for research in linguistics and lexicography: Application to Somali"
2297:
1915:
1738:
1682:
1422:
1418:
1242:
1004:
762:– General in the Somali National Army; established the National Academy for Strategy.
733:
719:
655:
637:
628:
610:
459:
164:
3382:
3330:
3084:
2798:
2695:
2228:
1887:
1621:
1310:
1194:
1146:
963:
702:– Somali National Army General, former Head of Somali Police, and commander in the
490:
486:
369:
169:
1632:
and are divided into sub-clans and sub-sub-clans, resulting in extended families.
1135:– 13th century scholar, philosopher and saint. Associated with the development of
857:
2501:
2471:
1844:, an Islamic necklace likewise donned in Ethiopia and Yemen, is frequently worn.
3475:
3412:
2198:
was hosted in Mogadishu from December 15 to December 23, 1981, during which the
2181:
1805:
1320:
1304:
1254:
853:
471:
2061:
During the Siad Barre era, a new greeting intended to combat the prevalence of
1866:
1460:, as well as in the immediate hinterland. The coastal dialects have additional
1062:
was formed in the late 19th century, incorporating Somali tradition and Islam.
768:
legendary politician and diplomat, SYL member and advocate for occupied Somalis
3811:
3485:
3417:
3318:
3296:
3149:
2578:
2540:
2275:
2191:
1853:
1647:
1565:
1365:
1328:
1296:
1250:
1246:
1160:
1114:
1071:
1000:
981:
797:
693:
624:
543:
542:
whilst in the contemporary era its often traced back to SYL or in present-day
71:
17:
1031:, the mystical dimension of Islam, is also well-established, with many local
368:
is an amalgamation of traditions that were developed independently since the
3387:
3313:
3079:
2950:, Volume 8, (African Studies Center, Michigan State University: 2001), p.66.
2456:
2382:
2248:
2236:
2205:
1891:
1662:
1533:. Indigenous writing systems developed in the twentieth century include the
1465:
1457:
1342:
1324:
1295:(1820–1882) – Somali scholar who played a crucial role in the spread of the
1059:
907:
885:
881:
649:
633:
494:
423:
224:
2686:, United Nations Children Funds, UNICEF Somalia Support Centre (2011), 6-10
1956:
1568:, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious education.
1475:
have been used over the years for transcribing the language. Of these, the
1440:
Somali dialects are divided into three main groups: Northern, Benaadir and
1070:, and well beyond. Among these Islamic scholars is the 14th century Somali
969:
917:
546:, the first Somali nationalist political organization to be formed was the
2106:
1016:
3490:
3480:
3465:
3442:
3372:
3301:
2240:
2220:
has also won three World Championship golds and two Olympic golds at the
2217:
2062:
2054:
It is impolite to point the sole of one's foot or shoe at another person.
1961:
1804:
For more formal settings such as weddings or religious celebrations like
1487:
1361:
1314:
1278:
1024:
1012:
1003:, thirteen percent refusing to answer, and a further report inclusive of
936:
865:
539:
438:
154:
784:– Former Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Finance of Somalia.
3470:
3052:
2790:
2774:
1934:
1883:
1718:
1461:
1445:
1441:
1428:
1358:
1300:
1043:
1008:
992:
929:
925:
869:
723:
567:
535:
478:
402:
358:
149:
2586:
2548:
2373:. Westport, Connecticut, Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc, 2001. p. 25.
1774:
3402:
3367:
2428:
2122:
2117:
Somali scholars have for centuries produced many notable examples of
2070:
1899:
1730:
1726:
1652:
1282:
1232:
1198:
1190:
1168:
1164:
1086:
1075:
1052:
1037:
1028:
977:
973:
944:
502:
463:
215:
3894:
712:(1925–1965) – Prominent Somali General considered the Father of the
3021:
1894:, partly as a result of the vestigial influence of the pre-Islamic
497:, partly as a result of the vestigial influence of the pre-Islamic
396:
3422:
3362:
3286:
2105:
2033:
1967:
1955:
1944:
1930:
1911:
1907:
1875:
1865:
1857:
1829:
1821:
1788:
1773:
1745:
1714:
1704:
1657:
1642:
1607:
1481:
1453:
1449:
1427:
1383:
1338:
1264:
1202:
1186:
1150:
1100:
1082:
968:
952:
921:
916:
812:– Pan-Somalist that has written many works on Somali nationalism.
577:
482:
395:
352:
342:
2565:
Hess, Robert L. (1964). "The 'Mad Mullah' and Northern Somalia".
2527:
Hess, Robert L. (1964). "The 'Mad Mullah' and Northern Somalia".
1624:, and clan membership plays a central part in Somali culture and
505:
beliefs. The country's shape gives a united country the nickname
3571:
3397:
3392:
2946:
Michigan State University. Northeast African Studies Committee,
1923:
1809:
1617:
1386:. He influenced many of the prominent Islamic scholars of today.
1212:
1182:
419:
3898:
3025:
722:– active Pan-Somalist that came close to uniting Djibouti with
684:(10 June 1967 – 15 October 1969) – Second President of Somalia.
2244:
2208:
was the first athlete from Somalia to win a gold medal at the
1797:
During regular, day-to-day activities, women usually wear the
1231:(d. 1492) – 16th century Somali scholar and politician in the
1105:
Sheikh Ali Ayanle Samatar, a prominent Somali Islamic scholar.
450:
Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional
2815:, (Ministry of Information and National Guidance: 1974), p.5
1513:, and uses all letters of the English Latin alphabet except
1493:
The script was developed by a number of leading scholars of
1471:
Since Somali had long lost its ancient script, a number of
1409:
is the official language of Somalia. It is a member of the
1257:; considered one of the great scholars of the 18th century.
800:– Prominent Somali Youth League member and parliamentarian.
2399:
2397:
2742:
Saints and Somalis: popular Islam in a clan-based society
2630:
Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society
2503:
Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-based Society
2383:
Middle East Policy Council - Muslim Populations Worldwide
2069:, which in Somali has dual meanings, including the color
1171:
school of Islam, consisting of four volumes known as the
1089:
school of Islam, consisting of four volumes known as the
658:(b. 1905–1945) – Somali nationalist and religious leader.
2811:
Ministry of Information and National Guidance, Somalia,
2712:
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project
696:(b. 1919 – 2 January 1995) – Third President of Somalia.
2912:
The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic
2754:
The Transitional Federal Charter of the Somali Republic
2045:
A swift twist of the open hand means "nothing" or "no".
2899:
Politics, Language, and Thought: The Somali Experience
1085:, who wrote the single most authoritative text on the
646:– 26th Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate (1897–1960).
1890:
and other genres. Somali art is characterized by its
1225:– 16th century Somali Emir and patron saint of Harar.
493:
and other genres. Somali art is characterized by its
1709:
Somali men and women in front of a traditional house
1167:
who wrote the single most authoritative text on the
640:
and Second in command after Mohamed Abdullah Hassan.
4238:
4213:
3932:
3797:
3718:
3639:
3512:
3456:
3353:
3244:
3205:
3072:
3063:
2048:
Snapping fingers may mean "long ago" or and "so on"
1417:language family, and its nearest relatives are the
746:– Former Prime Minister of Somalia (1964–1967) and
2839:
2296:
1007:stipulating 2% adherence to a minority sect (e.g.
1713:When not dressed in Westernized clothing such as
1323:(1829–1904) – 19th century Somali scholar, poet,
589:who eventually became the first President of the
2935:International encyclopaedia of Islamic dynasties
2660:Muslim Brotherhoods in Nineteenth-Century Africa
2476:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 480–481.
2350:. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.
1378:(1910–2005) – Somali scholar and teacher in the
2901:, (University of Chicago Press: 1977), pp.86-87
2603:Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia
2495:
2493:
2133:is probably the most celebrated. Books such as
1828:, and also often cover their upper body with a
1372:("The Blessed Collection"), published in Cairo.
891:Of the three orders, the less strict Qaadiriya
1756:), a long white garment common among Muslims.
1277:(1832–1896) – 19th century influential Somali
1055:as the basic source for national legislation.
3910:
3037:
2937:, (Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.: 2002), p.50.
2824:Economist Intelligence Unit (Great Britain),
1898:of the Somalis coupled with their ubiquitous
1620:groupings of the Somali people are important
501:of the Somalis coupled with their ubiquitous
324:
8:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2051:A thumb under the chin indicates "fullness".
2031:(I'm fine or literally translated meaning (
1211:(c. 1507 – 21 February 1543) – 16th century
2773:Lecarme, Jacqueline; Maury, Carole (1987).
2663:. Cambridge University Press. p. 161.
2348:A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose
2145:Neustadt International Prize for Literature
1862:Somali women performing a traditional dance
1173:Tabayin al-Haqa’iq li Sharh Kanz al-Daqa’iq
1123:– 12th century Islamic leader in Somaliland
1091:Tabayin al-Haqa’iq li Sharh Kanz al-Daqa’iq
433:According to Canadian novelist and scholar
3917:
3903:
3895:
3724:
3645:
3522:
3518:
3254:
3250:
3069:
3044:
3030:
3022:
3000:"Great Victory for Malta in K1 Kickboxing"
2970:"Somalia moves forward at world Taekwondo"
2212:when he became 1500 metre champion at the
1972:A Somali woman showing a decorated pottery
1468:) clans in the southern areas of Somalia.
430:. Somalis have a story-telling tradition.
331:
317:
28:
1964:opening speech with traditional greeting.
1293:Shaykh Abd Al-Rahman bin Ahmad al-Zayla'i
1015:etc.). Somali Sunnis primarily belong to
794:and prominent Somali Youth League member.
550:(SNL), established in 1935 in the former
357:Somalis performing the folk dance called
3187:Ethiopian intervention (2006–2009)
1688:For more about clan structure visit the
2303:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
2287:
1263:(1753–1825) – Somali scholar living in
1127:Sheikh Ahmed Bin Abdulrahman Bin Uthman
248:
205:
177:
139:
56:
49:
2846:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p.
1590:that is spoken along the coast by the
627:and one of the founders of the Somali
2652:
2650:
2560:
2558:
2506:. The Red Sea Press. pp. 11–16.
2210:IAAF World Championships in Athletics
951:system where the content is based on
636:- One of the founding members of the
534:) is centered on the notion that the
7:
1949:Somali woman building a Somali house
1721:, Somali men traditionally wear the
868:'s urging, sought refuge across the
2744:, (The Red Sea Press: 1998), p.8-9.
2194:is also played in the country. The
1351:(1856–1920) – emir of the Dervishes
2838:Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001).
2813:The writing of the Somali language
2708:"Religious Identity Among Muslims"
2433:(4th ed.). Washington, D.C.:
1509:specifically for transcribing the
1041:) or congregations of the various
674:(7 January 1960 – 10 June 1967) –
25:
2295:Mohamed Diriye Abdullahi (2001).
1215:and military leader that led the
1121:Sheikh Isaaq Bin Ahmed Al Hashimi
1113:– 10th century Islamic leader in
1111:Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
4225:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3995:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3878:
3869:
3868:
3235:
1574:is also widely used and taught.
1545:scripts, which were invented by
382:and from an ethnic sense, it is
32:
3155:Somaliland War of Independence
2224:in the 5000 and 10,000 metres.
1976:Common Verbal Phrases include;
1486:Exterior of the Saryan Museum,
1368:; best known for his five-part
666:First Prime Minister of Somalia
470:(seven note) scale such as the
2976:. 6 March 2013. Archived from
2842:Culture and Customs of Somalia
2567:The Journal of African History
2529:The Journal of African History
2473:A History of Islamic Societies
2407:, (Greenwood Press: 2001), p.1
2405:Culture and Customs of Somalia
2371:Culture and Customs of Somalia
2299:Culture and Customs of Somalia
2186:Somalia national football team
2153:Ignorance is the enemy of love
754:Sheikh Mukhtar Mohamed Hussein
599:Italian Trusteeship of Somalia
458:; that is, they only use five
414:can be detected in its exotic
372:era. The hypernym of the term
1:
3145:Trust Territory of Somaliland
2196:FIBA Africa Championship 1981
1918:in northern Somalia, and the
1551:Sheikh Abdurahman Sheikh Nuur
704:Supreme Revolutionary Council
609:fought colonialists with the
558:(SYC) was founded in 1943 in
376:from a geopolitical sense is
2657:Martin, B. G. (2003-02-13).
1820:Married women tend to sport
1778:Somali women in traditional
1555:Hussein Sheikh Ahmed Kaddare
1269:Napoleonic invasion of Egypt
897:Muhiuddin Abdul Qadir Gilani
623:(1841–1907) - Sultan of the
412:Somali commercial enterprise
348:Mosque of Islamic Solidarity
2877:. James Currey Publishers.
2202:received the bronze medal.
2125:. With the adoption of the
1793:Somali women basket weaving
422:", as, for example, by the
4345:
2910:According to article 7 of
2403:Mohamed Diriye Abdullahi,
2369:Mohamed Diriye Abdullahi.
2166:
2099:
2088:
1851:
1767:
1601:
1394:
1285:and scholar living in the
1209:Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
1193:. He travelled across the
1145:– 13th century Sheikh and
1133:Yusuf bin Ahmad al-Kawneyn
1023:, or are adherents to the
845:
839:
824:Somali Democratic Republic
822:and Vice president of the
676:First President of Somalia
516:
410:The cultural diffusion of
3864:
3727:
3648:
3525:
3521:
3257:
3253:
3233:
2948:Northeast African Studies
2826:Middle East annual review
2779:Computers and Translation
2579:10.1017/s0021853700005107
2541:10.1017/s0021853700005107
2435:Federal Research Division
2188:playing internationally.
1598:Clan and family structure
1376:Sheikh Muhammad al-Sumali
1097:Important Islamic figures
997:non-denominational Muslim
790:– First President of the
3980:Central African Republic
2470:Lapidus, Ira M. (2014).
2430:Somalia: a country study
2388:14 December 2006 at the
2214:1987 World Championships
2200:national basketball team
1612:Traditional Somali clans
1349:Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
1261:Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti
856:branch of Islam and the
792:Somali National Assembly
788:Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf
682:Abdirashid Ali Shermarke
672:Aden Abdullah Osman Daar
607:Mohammed Abdullah Hassan
587:Aden Abdullah Osman Daar
454:. Most Somali songs are
3105:Sultanate of the Geledi
2917:March 25, 2009, at the
2759:March 25, 2009, at the
2157:Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame
2121:ranging from poetry to
1886:, music, architecture,
1725:(ma'awiis), which is a
1690:Demographics of Somalia
1604:Demographics of Somalia
1560:In addition to Somali,
1370:Al-Majmu'at al-mubaraka
884:, the Ahmadiya and the
818:, Major General in the
816:Mohamed Ainanshe Guleid
593:following the union of
2696:Koranic School Project
2149:Farah Mohamed Jama Awl
2114:
2065:was introduced called
1973:
1965:
1950:
1941:Customs and courtesies
1879:
1863:
1794:
1786:
1710:
1613:
1499:Musa Haji Ismail Galal
1490:
1437:
1335:Sheikh Uways Al-Barawi
1159:– 14th century Somali
1157:Uthman bin Ali Zayla'i
1106:
1079:Uthman bin Ali Zayla'i
984:
933:
744:Abdirizak Haji Hussein
602:
548:Somali National League
448:
407:
361:
350:
4140:São Tomé and Príncipe
4000:Republic of the Congo
2871:Lewis, I. M. (1999).
2633:. The Red Sea Press.
2627:Lewis, I. M. (1998).
2109:
1971:
1959:
1948:
1878:hand and arm designs.
1869:
1861:
1792:
1777:
1708:
1611:
1485:
1431:
1357:(1879–1952) – Somali
1287:Sultanate of Zanzibar
1217:Conquest of Abyssinia
1104:
1021:Islamic jurisprudence
972:
920:
862:Islamic jurisprudence
804:Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed
782:Abdirahman Jama Barre
730:Salaad Gabeyre Kediye
621:Sultan Nur Ahmed Aman
582:Former leader of the
581:
574:Notable Pan-Somalists
443:
399:
356:
346:
3194:(2009–present)
3125:Warsangali Sultanate
3115:Majeerteen Sultanate
2606:. Sarup & Sons.
2500:I. M. Lewis (1998).
2346:Laurance, Margaret.
2233:Faisal Jeylani Aweys
2222:2012 London Olympics
1401:Languages of Somalia
1275:Abd al Aziz al-Amawi
1047:or Sufi orders. The
820:Somali National Army
760:Abdullahi Ahmed Irro
740:and a revolutionary.
562:, just prior to the
4215:States with limited
2933:Nagendra Kr Singh,
2439:Library of Congress
1985:(Peace be upon you)
1665:(Digil and Mirifle)
1583:, a variant of the
1547:Osman Yusuf Kenadid
1281:, historian, poet,
1241:(d. 1774) – Somali
1143:Abadir Umar ar-Rida
989:Pew Research Center
842:Religion in Somalia
829:Mohamed Farah Aidid
748:Somali Youth League
615:Scramble for Africa
595:State of Somaliland
584:Somali Youth League
4329:Culture of Somalia
3926:Culture of Africa
3496:South West Somalia
3140:British Somaliland
3135:Italian Somaliland
3120:Sultanate of Hobyo
3006:. 10 February 2010
2980:on 22 October 2013
2791:10.1007/BF01540131
2600:Hanif, N. (2000).
2441:. pp. 96–98.
2425:Metz, Helen Chapin
2136:From a Crooked Rib
2119:Islamic literature
2115:
1974:
1966:
1951:
1880:
1864:
1795:
1787:
1711:
1636:Major Somali clans
1614:
1503:B. W. Andrzejewski
1491:
1438:
1267:that recorded the
1179:Sa'id of Mogadishu
1107:
985:
934:
798:Osman Haji Mohamed
710:Daud Abdulle Hirsi
688:Hirsi Bulhan Farah
644:Mohamoud Ali Shire
603:
564:trusteeship period
560:Italian Somaliland
552:British Somaliland
524:Somali nationalism
519:Somali nationalism
408:
366:culture of Somalia
362:
351:
198:Traditional faiths
51:Culture of Somalia
4316:
4315:
4242:other territories
4015:Equatorial Guinea
3892:
3891:
3860:
3859:
3714:
3713:
3635:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3599:Political parties
3589:Political history
3545:Foreign relations
3508:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3282:Guardafui Channel
3231:
3230:
3170:(1986–1992)
3157:(1981–1991)
3004:Malta Independent
2897:David D. Laitin,
2884:978-0-85255-280-3
2857:978-0-313-31333-2
2763:, Article 8, p.6.
2513:978-1-56902-103-3
2483:978-1-139-99150-6
2314:978-0-313-31333-2
2261:Cinema of Somalia
2239:Challenge Cup in
2169:Sports in Somalia
2113:books on display.
2102:Somali literature
1920:plant decorations
1737:, an embroidered
1355:Abdallah al-Qutbi
1239:Hassan al-Jabarti
1068:Arabian Peninsula
776:Brigadier General
664:(b. 1922–1988) –
556:Somali Youth Club
466:in contrast to a
435:Margaret Laurence
428:Margaret Laurence
341:
340:
16:(Redirected from
4336:
4303:
4302:(United Kingdom)
4298:Tristan da Cunha
4294:Ascension Island
4286:
4273:
4264:
4240:Dependencies and
3933:Sovereign states
3919:
3912:
3905:
3896:
3882:
3872:
3871:
3725:
3691:
3678:Mineral industry
3668:Economic history
3646:
3579:
3523:
3519:
3255:
3251:
3239:
3195:
3188:
3171:
3158:
3130:Dervish movement
3090:Walashma dynasty
3070:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3023:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2951:
2944:
2938:
2931:
2925:
2908:
2902:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2845:
2835:
2829:
2822:
2816:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2770:
2764:
2751:
2745:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2704:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2681:
2675:
2674:
2654:
2645:
2644:
2624:
2618:
2617:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2562:
2553:
2552:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2497:
2488:
2487:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2421:
2408:
2401:
2392:
2380:
2374:
2367:
2361:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2343:
2337:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2302:
2292:
2266:Music of Somalia
2091:Media of Somalia
2009:Habeen wanaagsan
1993:good day/morning
1989:Maalin wanaagsan
1982:Assalamu aleikum
1960:Somali woman in
1770:Women in Somalia
1592:Bravanese people
1588:Swahili language
1557:, respectively.
1531:Wadaad's writing
1507:Shire Jama Ahmed
1137:Wadaad's writing
937:Qur'anic schools
848:Islam in Somalia
810:Omar Osman Rabeh
638:Dervish movement
629:Dervish movement
333:
326:
319:
36:
29:
21:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4312:
4311:
4301:
4284:
4271:
4262:
4243:
4241:
4234:
4218:
4216:
4209:
3928:
3923:
3893:
3888:
3856:
3793:
3784:Public holidays
3710:
3689:
3627:
3573:
3500:
3452:
3448:Woqooyi Galbeed
3433:Middle Shebelle
3349:
3309:Mountain ranges
3277:Greater Somalia
3240:
3227:
3201:
3193:
3186:
3169:
3156:
3110:Isaaq Sultanate
3059:
3050:
3020:
3019:
3009:
3007:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2958:
2954:
2945:
2941:
2932:
2928:
2919:Wayback Machine
2909:
2905:
2896:
2892:
2885:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2858:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2828:, (1975), p.229
2823:
2819:
2810:
2806:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2761:Wayback Machine
2752:
2748:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2726:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2614:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2564:
2563:
2556:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2514:
2499:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2449:
2423:
2422:
2411:
2402:
2395:
2390:Wayback Machine
2381:
2377:
2368:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2315:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2284:
2257:
2171:
2165:
2111:Somali language
2104:
2098:
2093:
2087:
1999:Galab wanaagsan
1943:
1914:on the ancient
1856:
1850:
1824:referred to as
1772:
1766:
1703:
1698:
1606:
1600:
1511:Somali language
1477:Somali alphabet
1473:writing systems
1436:writing script.
1407:Somali language
1403:
1397:Somali language
1395:Main articles:
1393:
1380:Masjid Al-Haram
1223:Nur ibn Mujahid
1099:
939:(also known as
850:
844:
838:
772:Ali Matan Hashi
766:Michael Mariano
738:Somali military
714:Somali Military
591:Somali Republic
576:
521:
515:
452:Somali folklore
406:incense burner.
394:
337:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4342:
4340:
4332:
4331:
4321:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4307:Western Sahara
4304:
4287:
4274:
4265:
4251:Canary Islands
4247:
4246:
4244:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4221:
4219:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3899:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3876:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3803:
3801:
3795:
3794:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3737:Child marriage
3734:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3706:Transportation
3703:
3698:
3696:Communications
3693:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3616:Prime Minister
3613:
3612:
3611:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3516:
3510:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3462:
3460:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3438:Lower Shebelle
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3359:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3345:
3343:Bajuni Islands
3335:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3258:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3178:
3173:
3165:
3163:Isaaq genocide
3160:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3095:Adal Sultanate
3092:
3087:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3026:
3018:
3017:
2991:
2961:
2952:
2939:
2926:
2903:
2890:
2883:
2863:
2856:
2830:
2817:
2804:
2765:
2746:
2733:
2724:
2699:
2688:
2676:
2669:
2646:
2639:
2619:
2612:
2592:
2573:(3): 415–433.
2554:
2535:(3): 415–433.
2519:
2512:
2489:
2482:
2462:
2447:
2427:, ed. (1993).
2409:
2393:
2375:
2362:
2353:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2313:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2271:Somali cuisine
2268:
2263:
2256:
2253:
2178:Somalia League
2167:Main article:
2164:
2161:
2131:Nuruddin Farah
2127:Latin alphabet
2100:Main article:
2097:
2094:
2089:Main article:
2086:
2083:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2039:
2038:
2026:
2025:(How are you?)
2016:
2006:
2003:good afternoon
1996:
1986:
1942:
1939:
1929:Additionally,
1916:rock paintings
1872:Fartuun Birimo
1870:Somali singer
1852:Main article:
1849:
1846:
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1670:Minority Clans
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874:Horn of Africa
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1527:Arabic script
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1243:mathematician
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1234:
1233:Mamluk Empire
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1005:Somali Region
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749:
745:
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739:
735:
734:Major General
731:
728:
726:in the 1970s.
725:
721:
720:Mahmoud Harbi
718:
715:
711:
708:
705:
701:
698:
695:
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689:
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660:
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656:Bashir Yussuf
654:
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541:
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536:Somali people
533:
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55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
39:
35:
31:
30:
27:
19:
4290:Saint Helena
4261:
4165:South Africa
4159:
4155:Sierra Leone
3960:Burkina Faso
3807:Architecture
3798:
3747:Demographics
3742:Coat of arms
3683:Oil industry
3658:Central Bank
3575:
3555:Human rights
3535:Constitution
3085:Land of Punt
3008:. Retrieved
3003:
2994:
2982:. Retrieved
2978:the original
2973:
2964:
2955:
2947:
2942:
2934:
2929:
2922:
2906:
2898:
2893:
2873:
2866:
2841:
2833:
2825:
2820:
2812:
2807:
2782:
2778:
2768:
2749:
2741:
2736:
2727:
2716:. Retrieved
2714:. 2012-08-09
2711:
2702:
2691:
2679:
2659:
2629:
2622:
2602:
2595:
2570:
2566:
2532:
2528:
2522:
2502:
2472:
2465:
2429:
2404:
2378:
2370:
2365:
2356:
2347:
2341:
2336:Diriye, p.75
2332:
2323:
2298:
2290:
2229:martial arts
2226:
2204:
2190:
2172:
2152:
2140:
2134:
2116:
2078:
2074:
2066:
2060:
2040:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2018:
2008:
1998:
1988:
1980:
1975:
1952:
1928:
1888:wood carving
1881:
1841:
1838:
1833:
1825:
1822:head-scarves
1819:
1814:
1803:
1798:
1796:
1783:
1779:
1758:
1749:
1743:
1734:
1733:or wear the
1722:
1712:
1687:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1635:
1634:
1628:. Clans are
1622:social units
1615:
1570:
1559:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1497:, including
1492:
1470:
1456:, including
1452:to south of
1439:
1415:Afro-Asiatic
1404:
1369:
1311:Sheikh Madar
1299:movement in
1197:and visited
1195:Muslim world
1172:
1147:patron saint
1090:
1064:
1057:
1049:constitution
1042:
1036:
1032:
986:
964:Muslim world
957:
948:
940:
935:
911:
903:
901:
892:
890:
877:
851:
700:Jama Korshel
532:Soomaalinimo
531:
523:
522:
513:Pan-Somalism
506:
491:wood carving
487:architecture
476:
449:
444:
432:
409:
401:
383:
377:
373:
370:Proto-Somali
365:
363:
193:Christianity
67:Architecture
57:
50:
26:
4217:recognition
4170:South Sudan
4060:Ivory Coast
3653:Agriculture
3560:LGBT rights
3476:Hirshabelle
3413:Middle Juba
2249:Thai Boxing
2184:, with the
2182:Somalia Cup
2019:Iska warran
1683:Jareerweyne
1630:patrilineal
1448:coast from
1366:philosopher
1321:Shaykh Sufi
1305:East Africa
1255:philosopher
613:during the
472:major scale
4272:(Portugal)
4230:Somaliland
4150:Seychelles
4115:Mozambique
4100:Mauritania
4085:Madagascar
4040:The Gambia
3975:Cape Verde
3827:Literature
3690:(currency)
3594:Parliament
3550:Government
3486:Somaliland
3418:Lower Juba
3319:Buur Dhaab
3297:Iskushuban
3292:Waterfalls
3168:Rebellion
3150:Ogaden War
3073:Chronology
3010:18 October
2984:19 October
2718:2020-05-07
2282:References
2276:Somaliwood
2192:Basketball
2096:Literature
2013:good night
1854:Somali art
1566:Arab World
1362:theologian
1359:polemicist
1329:astrologer
1297:Qadiriyyah
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1161:theologian
1115:Somaliland
1072:theologian
1019:school of
982:Somaliland
928:center in
860:school of
846:See also:
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625:Habr Yunis
544:Somaliland
468:heptatonic
456:pentatonic
259:Parliament
132:Traditions
92:Literature
4105:Mauritius
3852:Languages
3757:Education
3688:Shilling
3663:Companies
3604:President
3567:Judiciary
3540:Elections
3388:Galguduud
3326:Mountains
3314:Cal Madow
3246:Geography
3181:Civil War
3080:Laas Geel
2785:: 21–36.
2237:Taekwondo
2206:Abdi Bile
1896:mythology
1892:aniconism
1834:garbasaar
1832:known as
1663:Rahanweyn
1581:Bravanese
1466:Rahanweyn
1458:Mogadishu
1391:Languages
1343:Indonesia
1325:reformist
1060:Abay Siti
987:Although
886:Salihiyya
882:Qadiriyya
650:Hawo Tako
634:Haji Sudi
611:Dervishes
509:(seven).
499:mythology
495:aniconism
426:novelist
294:Education
225:Maay Maay
160:Bravanese
4323:Category
4296: /
4292: /
4285:(France)
4279: /
4257: /
4253: /
4205:Zimbabwe
4180:Tanzania
4030:Ethiopia
4025:Eswatini
4005:Djibouti
3970:Cameroon
3955:Botswana
3874:Category
3842:Religion
3779:Polygamy
3752:Diaspora
3584:Military
3514:Politics
3491:Puntland
3481:Jubaland
3466:Galmudug
3443:Togdheer
3373:Banaadir
3302:Lamadaya
3272:Wildlife
3218:Military
3213:Maritime
3206:By topic
3057:articles
2915:Archived
2757:Archived
2457:27642849
2386:Archived
2255:See also
2241:Tongeren
2218:Mo Farah
2174:Football
2063:clannism
2023:Ii waran
1962:Hargeisa
1904:canopies
1874:wearing
1815:gorgorad
1799:guntiino
1735:koofiyad
1719:t-shirts
1677:Barwaani
1672: :
1638: :
1626:politics
1488:Hargeisa
1462:phonemes
1411:Cushitic
1315:Hargeisa
1279:diplomat
1013:Quranism
999:, 2% as
995:, 8% as
962:and the
912:tawassul
908:Wahhabis
904:tawassul
880:) – the
866:Muhummad
836:Religion
540:Adalites
439:Eidagale
424:Canadian
392:Overview
264:Military
250:Politics
207:Language
179:Religion
155:Benadiri
117:Religion
112:Folklore
97:Maritime
43:a series
41:Part of
4281:Réunion
4277:Mayotte
4268:Madeira
4263:(Spain)
4259:Melilla
4190:Tunisia
4160:Somalia
4145:Senegal
4130:Nigeria
4120:Namibia
4110:Morocco
4075:Liberia
4070:Lesotho
4020:Eritrea
3990:Comoros
3965:Burundi
3940:Algeria
3822:Cuisine
3799:Culture
3720:Society
3701:Tourism
3641:Economy
3530:Cabinet
3471:Khatumo
3355:Regions
3267:Climate
3065:History
3053:Somalia
2799:6515240
2227:In the
2075:comrade
1935:Ramadan
1884:pottery
1750:khamiis
1739:taqiyah
1723:macawis
1576:Italian
1572:English
1543:Kaddare
1535:Osmanya
1446:Benadir
1434:Osmanya
1301:Somalia
1044:tariiqa
1027:creed.
1017:Shafi`i
1009:Ibadism
993:Sunnism
930:Somalia
926:Islamic
872:in the
870:Red Sea
858:Shafi‘i
750:leader.
736:in the
724:Somalia
568:Somalia
507:toddobo
479:pottery
460:pitches
416:cuisine
403:dabqaad
385:Cushite
359:Dhaanto
279:Symbols
269:Economy
241:English
236:Italian
231:Soqotri
165:Bajunis
150:Somalis
127:Tourism
87:History
82:Cuisine
58:Culture
4300:
4283:
4270:
4200:Zambia
4195:Uganda
4135:Rwanda
4090:Malawi
4050:Guinea
3945:Angola
3884:Portal
3847:Sports
3817:Cinema
3762:Health
3732:Anthem
3458:States
3403:Sanaag
3368:Bakool
3338:Island
3331:Bahaya
3262:Cities
3223:Postal
3176:Piracy
3055:
2881:
2854:
2797:
2667:
2637:
2610:
2587:179976
2585:
2549:179976
2547:
2510:
2480:
2455:
2445:
2311:
2123:Hadith
2079:friend
2071:yellow
1912:horses
1908:camels
1906:, the
1900:Muslim
1754:Somali
1731:turban
1727:sarong
1696:Attire
1653:Hawiye
1562:Arabic
1539:Borama
1495:Somali
1317:tariqa
1283:jurist
1199:Bengal
1191:Medina
1169:Hanafi
1165:jurist
1087:Hanafi
1076:jurist
1053:Sharia
1038:zawiya
1033:jama'a
1029:Sufism
1025:Salafi
978:Borama
974:Mosque
947:, the
945:UNICEF
893:tariqa
878:tariqa
528:Somali
503:Muslim
464:octave
379:Horner
374:Somali
221:Somali
216:Arabic
170:Bantus
141:People
77:Cinema
45:on the
4255:Ceuta
4175:Sudan
4125:Niger
4080:Libya
4065:Kenya
4045:Ghana
4035:Gabon
4010:Egypt
3950:Benin
3837:Music
3832:Media
3789:Women
3428:Nugal
3423:Mudug
3408:Hiran
3363:Awdal
3287:Hafun
2795:S2CID
2583:JSTOR
2545:JSTOR
2163:Sport
2141:Links
2085:Media
2067:jaale
2034:peace
2029:Nabad
1931:henna
1924:tombs
1876:henna
1842:xirsi
1830:shawl
1826:shash
1784:shash
1780:dirac
1764:Women
1746:Thawb
1715:jeans
1658:Isaaq
1643:Darod
1585:Bantu
1454:Merca
1450:Adale
1384:Mecca
1339:Yemen
1265:Cairo
1203:China
1187:Mecca
1183:Emirs
1151:Harar
1083:Zeila
953:Quran
949:dugsi
941:dugsi
922:Merca
854:Sunni
483:music
420:Bards
188:Islam
122:Sport
107:Music
102:Media
4185:Togo
4095:Mali
3985:Chad
3774:Flag
3621:List
3609:List
3576:Xeer
3572:Law
3398:Sool
3393:Gedo
3378:Bari
3012:2013
2986:2013
2879:ISBN
2852:ISBN
2665:ISBN
2635:ISBN
2608:ISBN
2508:ISBN
2478:ISBN
2453:OCLC
2443:ISBN
2309:ISBN
2247:and
2180:and
2139:and
2073:and
2021:and
1910:and
1810:silk
1782:and
1717:and
1618:clan
1616:The
1553:and
1541:and
1529:and
1521:and
1505:and
1442:Maay
1432:The
1423:saho
1421:and
1419:Afar
1405:The
1399:and
1364:and
1341:and
1327:and
1303:and
1253:and
1213:Imam
1201:and
1189:and
1163:and
1074:and
1001:Shia
597:and
462:per
364:The
274:Laws
3812:Art
3673:EEZ
3383:Bay
2787:doi
2575:doi
2537:doi
2307:–.
2305:109
2077:or
1848:Art
1806:Eid
1752:in
1701:Men
1648:Dir
1382:in
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1081:of
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