544:
576:
339:. This routing never came about and in 1953, Route 52 was designated onto its current alignment. CR 585 ran concurrent with the route south of the Somers Point Circle until 1971, when it was truncated to end at the Somers Point Circle. The circle was removed in 2010 as part of the bridge reconstruction. In 2006, construction began on the replacement of the Route 52 causeway that was built in the 1930s over the Great Egg Harbor Bay, beginning with guardrail repairs that reduced traffic to two lanes. In 2008, the northbound lanes of the causeway were opened to traffic. Construction on the southbound lanes was completed in late 2009. The entire project was completed in 2012, including other improvements such as the construction of fishing piers, boat ramps, bike paths, walking trails, gateways, and a new Ocean City Visitor Center. In addition, improvements were made to MacArthur Boulevard that included the addition of a
963:
352:
816:
37:
445:
257:
863:
404:
713:
700:
242:
797:
769:
810:
803:
775:
1562:
1542:
851:
791:
763:
1526:
983:
719:
706:
113:
108:
1557:
575:
568:
construction began on the new bridge in
September 2006. Crews began the project by clearing a staging area on Garrets Island near the Ocean City side. The northbound bridge was completed in April 2008 and the southbound bridge was completed in April 2009. During the bridge construction, excavated sand was removed from the bay and deposited onto
757:
136:
1531:
583:
In addition to the new causeway, the project also called for the construction of fishing piers, boat ramps, bike paths, walking trails, and gateways at each end of the causeway, including a new visitor center with a scenic overlook on the Ocean City side. Also, other improvements were made to the
555:
was built to replace the 1933 causeway over the Great Egg Harbor Bay. The original causeway was in need of replacement due to deteriorating conditions of the bridges, increasing automobile and marine traffic on the Great Egg Harbor Bay, flooding from storms, and a high accident rate due to narrow
387:
on a high-level bridge and then the longer
Rainbow Harbor Channel. In between these two channels is an island where the Roy Gillian Welcome Center is located, with access from the southbound lanes. After crossing the Rainbow Harbor Channel, the road runs along another island, with a fishing pier
567:
reduced traffic on the existing bridges from four lanes to two lanes to limit the weight on the old structures. The highway was reopened to four lanes of traffic after guardrail repairs were made on May 17, 2006, with a new speed limit of 35 mph (56 km/h). After years of delays,
543:
427:
known as MacArthur
Boulevard that heads north through commercial areas, soon narrowing to three lanes. The road curves northwest as a two-lane divided highway and enters residential areas. Route 52 comes to an end at an intersection with
324:. The remainder of the route is a surface road called MacArthur Boulevard that runs from the causeway to US 9. This section of the route formerly included the Somers Point Circle, now a traffic light, where Route 52 intersects
584:
MacArthur
Boulevard portion of Route 52 including the addition of a center left-turn lane and the replacement of the Somers Point Circle with a traffic light, which was eliminated in October 2010. As a result of the
472:
to support automotive traffic were announced in 1912. The causeway opened on April 11, 1914 as the Somers Point
Boulevard Bridge, connecting 9th Street in the northern part of Ocean City with the
1419:
602:
On July 19, 2021, a pilot made an emergency landing on the bridge after encountering engine problems shortly after takeoff; the plane was undamaged, and traffic was briefly halted.
592:
on
February 17, 2009, $ 70 million, or about 8 percent of the money allocated to New Jersey in the bill, went to the construction of the second half of the Route 52 causeway project.
1368:
1602:
1597:
1013:
585:
423:. In October 2010, the circle was eliminated and replaced by a traffic light. Beyond the former Somers Point Circle, Route 52 becomes a five-lane road with a
540:
In 1983, the causeway was officially named the Howard S. Stainton
Memorial Causeway, after the Ocean City entrepreneur and philanthropist, who died in 1979.
514:
in New Jersey in 1952, CR 585 was designated to run along Route 52 between the southern terminus and the Somers Point Circle as part of its route between
599:(AADT) on the causeway went from 18,584 to 22,116, an increase of 19 percent. The latest AADT of the MacArthur Boulevard section, from 2012, is 11,540.
1468:
504:
210:
383:. Immediately after beginning, Route 52 becomes the Howard S. Stainton Memorial Causeway, also known as the Ninth Street Bridge, which crosses over
371:, approximately 50 feet (15 m) south of Palen Avenue. Past the southern terminus of Route 52, 9th Street heads southeast and terminates at the
1481:
1346:
1321:
1279:
1225:
914:
564:
62:
1149:
432:(New Road). The road continues northwest as West Laurel Drive, which heads through a residential neighborhood to a partial interchange with the
1592:
1249:
1073:
1377:
511:
220:
572:, as part of environmental mitigation. In May 2012, construction of the causeway was completed, with all four lanes opened to traffic.
372:
215:
480:
via a set of four bridges. The causeway was later replaced in 1933, with a new set of bridges that were four lanes wide without
225:
569:
1587:
727:
723:
416:
412:
329:
325:
120:
116:
596:
202:
681:
637:
523:
492:
397:
368:
305:
293:
183:
179:
779:
519:
429:
297:
139:
1253:
1098:
739:
735:
1551:
1486:
825:
731:
686:
500:
477:
393:
336:
301:
124:
1491:
1222:"Route 52 Causeway Bridge Replacement, Frequently Asked Questions, Construction Updates, Commuter Information"
1520:
962:
907:
507:, Route 52 was designated to run from the Ocean City side of the causeway, north to US 9 in Somers Point.
1404:
1302:
1034:
642:
453:
364:
289:
94:
1221:
1169:
424:
389:
340:
939:
388:
adjacent to the southbound lanes, before crossing over the Great Egg Harbor
Thoroughfare (part of the
1503:
1343:"NJDOT breaks ground on second phase of Route 52 Causeway replacement in Ocean City and Somers Point"
1342:
1317:
1275:
872:
821:
783:
661:
527:
515:
433:
384:
313:
1014:"Local restaurants could lose business, as construction crews eliminate Somers Point traffic circle"
335:
Route 52 was originally designated on June 1, 1937 to run from the Somers Point Circle northwest to
1204:
531:
496:
488:
260:
245:
351:
1477:
379:. From the beginning of state maintenance, the route continues to the northwest as a four-lane
1459:
1069:
867:
855:
1035:
National
Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet: Ocean City City Hall, Ocean City, NJ
1182:
557:
487:
Route 52 was designated on June 1, 1937, to run from the Somers Point Circle northwest to
481:
457:
444:
380:
309:
537:
Eventually, the southern terminus of CR 585 was truncated to the Somers Point Circle.
1153:
955:
420:
376:
403:
1581:
277:
159:
1496:
589:
360:
36:
17:
1122:
407:
Route 52 southbound in Somers Point, approaching the causeway into Ocean City
1402:
Miller, Michael (March 7, 2009). "Slow economy may drop Route 52 causeway cost".
1096:
Urgo, Jacqueline L. (February 10, 2008). "Bottleneck at Shore will be a breeze".
1063:
1200:
1128:
988:
436:, with access to the northbound parkway and access from the southbound parkway.
1040:(Report). United States National Park Service. February 7, 1997. pp. 12–13
411:
After the ship channel, Route 52 crosses onto the mainland and intersects with
392:) and then a ship channel on another high-level bridge, where the route enters
285:
281:
169:
1300:
Miller, Michael (September 26, 2006). "Five-year job to cost $ 400 million".
1561:
1541:
1525:
552:
473:
469:
465:
448:
The original causeway between Ocean City and Somers Point opened in 1914.
1556:
547:
Route 52 southbound on the causeway between Somers Point and Ocean City
343:
and the replacement of the Somers Point Circle with a traffic light.
875:- Nearby state highway connecting barrier islands with the mainland
503:. However, Route 52 was never built to run to Mays Landing. In the
574:
542:
461:
443:
402:
350:
288:. The highway runs 2.74 mi (4.41 km) from 9th Street in
1420:"Pilot, 18, lands banner plane on Ocean City bridge; no injuries"
744:
Former Somers Point Circle; southern termini of CR 559 and CR 585
1467:
1530:
1500:
556:
lanes and a lack of shoulders. The causeway also contained two
1376:. National Conference on Ecosystem Restoration. Archived from
1367:
Robert A. Bevilacqua; Michael Baker Jr. (July 20–24, 2009).
1250:"Route 52 Causeway ready for the season in Ocean City, N.J."
835:
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
1318:"NJDOT announces Route 52 Causeway southbound lane closure"
579:
Route 52 northbound past CR 559 and CR 585 in Somers Point
468:. With the growing usage of the automobile, plans for a
1455:
1450:
560:, which led to traffic jams during the summer months.
355:
View north at the south end of Route 52 in Ocean City
1152:. New Jersey Department of Highways. Archived from
193:
175:
165:
155:
150:
130:
100:
89:
84:
76:
68:
55:
32:
1492:Route 52 Bridge Construction: Updates & Photos
1370:Strategic Public Partnering For Ecological Benefit
1426:. Norristown, PA. Associated Press. July 20, 2021
830:Northern terminus; continues as West Laurel Drive
308:. It is composed mostly of a series of four-lane
1112:State of New Jersey, Laws of 1937, Chapter 86.
586:American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
1603:Transportation in Cape May County, New Jersey
1598:Transportation in Atlantic County, New Jersey
1478:Route 52 Causeway Bridge Replacement Overview
1276:"NJDOT doubles capacity of Route 52 Causeway"
934:
932:
316:from Ocean City to Somers Point known as the
8:
1243:
1241:
1065:Ocean City: America's Greatest Family Resort
452:Prior to 1914, access to the island city of
908:"New Jersey Route 52 straight line diagram"
551:Between 2006 and 2012, a new $ 400 million
419:(Shore Road), formerly at the Somers Point
1497:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1007:
1005:
656:Southern terminus; continues as 9th Street
609:
234:
1472:
1469:Template:Attached KML/New Jersey Route 52
505:1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering
27:State highway in southern, New Jersey, US
1216:
1214:
1057:
1055:
978:
976:
974:
972:
359:Route 52 begins along 9th Street in the
1482:New Jersey Department of Transportation
1347:New Jersey Department of Transportation
1322:New Jersey Department of Transportation
1280:New Jersey Department of Transportation
1226:New Jersey Department of Transportation
915:New Jersey Department of Transportation
884:
565:New Jersey Department of Transportation
1178:
1167:
29:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
888:
754:
748:
696:
690:
675:
665:
660:
652:
646:
570:Malibu Beach Wildlife Management Area
7:
1248:Urgo, Jacqueline L. (May 17, 2012).
676:Howard S. Stainton Memorial Causeway
318:Howard S. Stainton Memorial Causeway
1124:Map of Pennsylvania and New Jersey
624:
25:
984:"overview of New Jersey Route 52"
726:north (Mays Landing Road) /
1560:
1555:
1540:
1529:
1524:
961:
861:
849:
814:
808:
801:
795:
789:
773:
767:
761:
755:
717:
711:
704:
698:
255:
240:
134:
111:
106:
72:2.74 mi (4.41 km)
35:
203:New Jersey State Highway Routes
1:
1512:
946:. `. June 2, 1937. p. 11
619:
588:signed into law by President
1593:State highways in New Jersey
597:annual average daily traffic
280:in the southern part of the
940:"Hoffman Signs 55 Measures"
50:Route 52 highlighted in red
1619:
1552:Ocean City–Longport Bridge
1537:Stainton Memorial Causeway
730:north (Shore Road) –
1546:
1535:
1515:
1510:
1487:Speed Limits for Route 52
1254:The Philadelphia Inquirer
1099:The Philadelphia Inquirer
834:
829:
751:
743:
693:
685:
680:
670:
655:
649:
641:
636:
631:
628:
623:
618:
615:
612:
563:On January 16, 2006, the
510:With the creation of the
233:
198:
189:
146:
60:
48:
1016:. Press of Atlantic City
1012:Good, Dan (2010-10-18).
512:500-series county routes
415:(Mays Landing Road) and
1521:Great Egg Harbor Bridge
1131:. Mid-West Map Co. 1941
1405:Press of Atlantic City
1303:Press of Atlantic City
1199:(Map). Cartography by
1177:Cite journal requires
1127:(Map). Cartography by
1068:. Arcadia Publishing.
580:
548:
456:was only available by
449:
408:
356:
1588:Intracoastal Waterway
1062:Miller, Fred (2003).
868:New Jersey portal
856:U.S. Roads portal
820:West Laurel Drive to
578:
546:
447:
425:center left-turn lane
406:
390:Intracoastal Waterway
354:
341:center left-turn lane
1473:KML is from Wikidata
1349:. September 30, 2009
1324:. September 12, 2008
873:New Jersey Route 152
662:Great Egg Harbor Bay
434:Garden State Parkway
385:Great Egg Harbor Bay
373:Ocean City Boardwalk
320:, also known as the
314:Great Egg Harbor Bay
300:(US 9, New Road) in
80:June 1, 1937–present
1205:Chevron Oil Company
606:Major intersections
595:From 2012 to 2014,
322:Ninth Street Bridge
102:Major intersections
18:Somers Point Circle
1383:on January 3, 2011
1150:"1953 renumbering"
581:
549:
450:
409:
357:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1502:Crossings of the
1197:Map of New Jersey
1075:978-0-7385-2447-4
840:
839:
347:Route description
271:
270:
267:
266:
56:Route information
16:(Redirected from
1610:
1564:
1559:
1544:
1533:
1528:
1513:
1504:Great Egg Harbor
1498:
1463:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1424:The Times Herald
1416:
1410:
1409:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1382:
1375:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1245:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1232:
1218:
1209:
1208:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1156:on June 28, 2011
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1093:
1080:
1079:
1059:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1039:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1009:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
980:
967:
966:
965:
959:
953:
951:
944:The Courier-News
936:
927:
926:
924:
922:
912:
904:
866:
865:
864:
854:
853:
852:
819:
818:
817:
812:
811:
806:
805:
804:
799:
798:
793:
792:
778:
777:
776:
771:
770:
765:
764:
759:
758:
722:
721:
720:
715:
714:
709:
708:
707:
702:
701:
626:
621:
610:
326:County Route 559
263:
259:
258:
248:
244:
243:
235:
138:
137:
115:
114:
110:
109:
103:
39:
30:
21:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1569:
1554:
1550:
1539:
1523:
1519:
1506:
1474:
1471:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1350:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1327:
1325:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1285:
1283:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1247:
1246:
1239:
1230:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1176:
1166:
1159:
1157:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1134:
1132:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1095:
1094:
1083:
1076:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1003:
994:
992:
982:
981:
970:
960:
949:
947:
938:
937:
930:
920:
918:
910:
906:
905:
886:
882:
862:
860:
850:
848:
845:
836:
826:A.C. Expressway
815:
813:
809:
807:
802:
800:
796:
794:
790:
788:
787:
774:
772:
768:
766:
762:
760:
756:
718:
716:
712:
710:
705:
703:
699:
697:
672:
667:
608:
458:horse and buggy
442:
398:Atlantic County
381:divided highway
369:Cape May County
349:
306:Atlantic County
294:Cape May County
256:
254:
241:
239:
142:in Somers Point
135:
112:
107:
101:
85:Major junctions
51:
44:
43:
40:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1616:
1614:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1580:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1545:
1534:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1442:External links
1440:
1438:
1437:
1411:
1394:
1359:
1334:
1309:
1292:
1282:. May 17, 2006
1267:
1237:
1210:
1188:
1179:|journal=
1141:
1114:
1105:
1081:
1074:
1051:
1026:
1001:
968:
956:Newspapers.com
928:
883:
881:
878:
877:
876:
870:
858:
844:
841:
838:
837:
832:
831:
828:
782:(New Road) to
753:
750:
746:
745:
742:
695:
692:
689:
684:
678:
677:
674:
669:
664:
658:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
640:
634:
633:
630:
627:
622:
617:
614:
607:
604:
520:Lower Township
441:
438:
421:traffic circle
377:Atlantic Ocean
348:
345:
269:
268:
265:
264:
251:
249:
231:
230:
229:
228:
223:
218:
213:
207:
206:
196:
195:
194:Highway system
191:
190:
187:
186:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
148:
147:
144:
143:
132:
131:North end
128:
127:
104:
98:
97:
93:9th Street in
91:
90:South end
87:
86:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
61:Maintained by
58:
57:
53:
52:
49:
46:
45:
41:
34:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1615:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1576:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1441:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1395:
1387:September 12,
1379:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1360:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1296:
1293:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1184:
1171:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1118:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1015:
1008:
1006:
1002:
991:
990:
985:
979:
977:
975:
973:
969:
964:
957:
945:
941:
935:
933:
929:
916:
909:
903:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
885:
879:
874:
871:
869:
859:
857:
847:
846:
842:
833:
827:
824:north /
823:
785:
781:
747:
741:
740:Pleasantville
737:
736:Atlantic City
733:
729:
725:
688:
683:
679:
663:
659:
644:
639:
635:
611:
605:
603:
600:
598:
593:
591:
587:
577:
573:
571:
566:
561:
559:
554:
545:
541:
538:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
446:
439:
437:
435:
431:
426:
422:
418:
414:
405:
401:
399:
395:
391:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
353:
346:
344:
342:
338:
333:
331:
328:(CR 559) and
327:
323:
319:
315:
312:bridges over
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:state highway
275:
262:
261:Route 53
252:
250:
247:
246:Route 51
237:
236:
232:
227:
226:Scenic Byways
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
208:
205:
204:
200:
199:
197:
192:
188:
185:
181:
178:
174:
171:
168:
164:
161:
160:United States
158:
154:
149:
145:
141:
133:
129:
126:
122:
118:
105:
99:
96:
92:
88:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
59:
54:
47:
38:
31:
19:
1575:
1547:
1536:
1516:
1449:
1428:. Retrieved
1423:
1414:
1403:
1397:
1385:. Retrieved
1378:the original
1369:
1362:
1351:. Retrieved
1337:
1326:. Retrieved
1312:
1301:
1295:
1284:. Retrieved
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1252:
1229:. Retrieved
1196:
1191:
1170:cite journal
1158:. Retrieved
1154:the original
1144:
1133:. Retrieved
1123:
1117:
1108:
1097:
1064:
1042:. Retrieved
1029:
1018:. Retrieved
993:. Retrieved
987:
954:– via
950:December 13,
948:. Retrieved
943:
919:. Retrieved
917:. April 2014
822:G.S. Parkway
784:G.S. Parkway
732:Mays Landing
687:Somers Point
629:Destinations
601:
594:
590:Barack Obama
582:
562:
550:
539:
536:
509:
501:Mays Landing
486:
478:Somers Point
451:
410:
394:Somers Point
361:Jersey Shore
358:
337:Mays Landing
334:
321:
317:
302:Somers Point
298:U.S. Route 9
273:
272:
201:
125:Somers Point
1201:H.M. Gousha
1129:H.M. Gousha
989:Google Maps
558:drawbridges
1582:Categories
1548:Downstream
1353:2010-06-21
1328:2009-03-09
1286:2009-03-09
1231:2009-03-09
1135:2009-03-28
1020:2010-11-08
995:2009-03-09
880:References
653:9th Street
643:Ocean City
454:Ocean City
375:along the
365:Ocean City
296:north to
290:Ocean City
286:New Jersey
282:U.S. state
211:Interstate
170:New Jersey
95:Ocean City
921:March 17,
780:US 9
528:Route 157
516:Route 109
482:shoulders
140:US 9
1517:Upstream
1451:KML file
1430:July 22,
1160:July 31,
1044:March 1,
843:See also
682:Atlantic
638:Cape May
616:Location
553:causeway
497:Route 50
489:Route 48
476:town of
474:mainland
470:causeway
466:railroad
363:city of
274:Route 52
184:Atlantic
180:Cape May
176:Counties
151:Location
119: /
42:Route 52
1260:May 18,
1207:. 1969.
986:(Map).
532:Absecon
440:History
310:divided
156:Country
77:Existed
1072:
728:CR 585
724:CR 559
613:County
495:) and
417:CR 585
413:CR 559
330:CR 585
121:CR 585
117:CR 559
69:Length
1381:(PDF)
1374:(PDF)
1038:(PDF)
911:(PDF)
786:south
671:0.24–
666:0.15–
632:Notes
524:US 30
493:US 40
491:(now
464:, or
462:ferry
276:is a
221:State
166:State
63:NJDOT
1460:help
1456:edit
1432:2021
1389:2018
1262:2012
1183:help
1162:2009
1070:ISBN
1046:2018
952:2017
923:2020
752:4.41
749:2.74
694:3.40
691:2.11
673:3.07
668:1.91
650:0.00
647:0.00
526:and
522:and
430:US 9
534:.
530:in
518:in
499:in
396:in
284:of
123:in
1584::
1480:,
1458:•
1422:.
1345:.
1320:.
1278:.
1240:^
1224:.
1213:^
1203:.
1174::
1172:}}
1168:{{
1084:^
1054:^
1004:^
971:^
942:.
931:^
913:.
887:^
738:,
734:,
625:km
620:mi
484:.
460:,
400:.
367:,
332:.
304:,
292:,
253:→
238:←
216:US
182:,
1462:)
1454:(
1434:.
1408:.
1391:.
1356:.
1331:.
1306:.
1289:.
1264:.
1234:.
1185:)
1181:(
1164:.
1138:.
1102:.
1078:.
1048:.
1023:.
998:.
958:.
925:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.