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Sonia Orwell

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369:, "the girl from the fiction department... was looking at him... She was very young, he thought, she still expected something from life... She would not accept it as a law of nature that the individual is always defeated... All you needed was luck and cunning and boldness. She did not understand that there was no such thing as happiness, that the only victory lay in the far future, long after you were dead." 44: 282:), in England. She left at 17 and, after learning French in Switzerland, took a secretarial course. As a young woman, Brownell was responsible for transcribing and editing the copy text for the first edition of the Winchester 1347: 1196: 356:, who was a colleague and friend of George Orwell during the last decade of the writer's life, and other friends of Orwell, have said that Sonia was the model for Julia, the heroine of 243:
into over 16 languages, and for British embassies to disseminate the book in over 14 countries for propaganda purposes. Soon after her husband's death, Sonia sold the film rights to
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George Orwell's friends, as well as various Orwell experts, have noted that Brownell helped Orwell through the painful last months of his life and, according to
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in December 1980, having spent a fortune trying to protect Orwell's name and having been swindled out of her remaining funds by an unscrupulous accountant.
274:, the daughter of a British colonial official. Her father died when she was four years old. When she was six, she was sent to the Sacred Heart Convent in 333:, cheered Orwell up greatly. However, others have argued that she may have also been attracted to him primarily because of his fame. Orwell biographer 1604: 699: 479:, chapter 12 verses 1-7 about the breaking of the golden bowl, that she had asked Anthony Powell to read at Orwell's funeral thirty years earlier. 970: 943: 753: 343:
he did not think that Brownell "had much influence on his life" and asserted that "it was more or less an accident that they married."
1448: 1333: 1298: 917: 863: 736: 1375: 1368: 1069: 1361: 222: 1284: 569:"All Propaganda is Dangerous, but Some are More Dangerous than Others: George Orwell and the Use of Literature as Propaganda" 1291: 382: 1584: 1354: 209: 963: 248: 322:, Orwell became desperately lonely. On 13 October 1949, he married Brownell, only three months before his death from 1340: 1245: 1238: 1143: 1026: 988: 429: 314: 1210: 1203: 1018: 386: 1456: 1404: 1182: 1175: 1539: 1494: 362:, the "girl from the fiction department" who brings love and warmth to the middle-aged hero, Winston Smith. 319: 252: 1589: 1077: 956: 640: 472: 188: 449:
magazine that "although Sonia had no children of her own, she became almost like a second mother to me."
1534: 1259: 1252: 433: 393: 289: 279: 671: 501: 1574: 1569: 1440: 1312: 1224: 1189: 1136: 1050: 358: 284: 214: 1489: 1277: 1231: 1085: 409: 339: 155: 817: 1518: 1484: 606: 598: 519: 421: 635: 428:. Her marriage to Pitt-Rivers ended in divorce in 1965. She also had an affair with the French 1479: 1319: 1161: 1129: 1122: 1034: 939: 913: 859: 732: 590: 293: 72: 1504: 1305: 1168: 889: 580: 905: 1599: 1433: 1326: 1217: 475:, paid off her outstanding debts. At her funeral, Tom Gross read the same passage from 425: 385:, George Orwell's literary executor, Brownell established the George Orwell Archive at 330: 305: 1563: 979: 880: 610: 453: 445: 334: 271: 205: 132: 1529: 1524: 1010: 884: 676: 476: 417: 323: 309: 1511: 436:, whom she described as her true love; she hoped he would leave his wife for her. 1426: 1382: 1042: 724: 631: 585: 465: 439:
Brownell had several godchildren and was very close to some of them. Her godson
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Sonia was also close friends with many writers and artists, including
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Brownell was fiercely protective of Orwell's estate and edited, with
672:"Review: The Girl from the Fiction Department and Orwell's Victory" 758: 251:(CIA). This deal resulted in the creation of the propaganda film 948: 910:
The Girl from the Fiction Department: A Portrait of Sonia Orwell
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Brownell first met Orwell when she worked as the assistant to
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Politics vs. Literature: An Examination of Gulliver's Travels
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The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell
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Archives of Authority: Empire, Culture and the Cold War
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Across the Block: Cold War Cultural and Social History
229:, which helped to increase the international fame of 200:(25 August 1918 – 11 December 1980), better known as 541:. Woodstock: Princeton University Press. p. 40. 1467: 1418: 1396: 1269: 1153: 1107: 1100: 1061: 1002: 995: 184: 123: 115: 107: 99: 83: 50: 34: 239:. With her support, the IRD was able to translate 665: 663: 400:(4 volumes, Secker & Warburg, London, 1968). 731:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 3. 412:in 1958, and had affairs with several British 225:(IRD), a propaganda department of the British 964: 288:, as assistant to the eminent medievalist at 8: 858:. Stockfield: Acumen Publishing. p. 5. 754:"Orwell Papers: Sonia Orwell (Blair) papers" 626: 624: 622: 620: 1266: 1104: 999: 971: 957: 949: 42: 31: 936:Eileen : the making of George Orwell 584: 842: 804: 792: 780: 208:. Sonia is believed to be the model for 493: 464:Brownell died penniless in London of a 147: 1949; died 1950) 7: 1595:People educated at Woldingham School 318:. After the death of his first wife 1580:Deaths from brain cancer in England 824:. Timesonline.co.uk. 15 August 2014 25: 1449:Inside the Whale and Other Essays 1334:Politics and the English Language 1299:A Good Word for the Vicar of Bray 27:Wife of George Orwell (1918–1980) 1605:British people in colonial India 1376:Some Thoughts on the Common Toad 1369:Second Thoughts on James Burnham 1070:Down and Out in Paris and London 818:"Tim Carroll 'A writer wronged'" 502:"Dedicated follower of passions" 204:, was the second wife of writer 171: 938:, London : Unbound, 2020, 223:Information Research Department 167: 144: 1285:Confessions of a Book Reviewer 1: 1292:Decline of the English Murder 698:Epps, Garrett (3 June 1981). 670:Lewis, Jeremy (19 May 2002). 573:Journal of Strategic Security 1355:The Prevention of Literature 912:. London: Hamish Hamilton. 856:Merleau-Ponty: Key Concepts 586:10.5038/1944-0472.8.3S.1483 312:, at the literary magazine 249:Central Intelligence Agency 1621: 1341:The Politics of Starvation 1239:Lear, Tolstoy and the Fool 1144:Spilling the Spanish Beans 1027:Keep the Aspidistra Flying 1548: 1211:Raffles and Miss Blandish 1204:Poetry and the Microphone 986: 729:Orwell: A Personal Memoir 537:Rubin, Andrew N. (2012). 387:University College London 41: 1405:Such, Such Were the Joys 1197:The Lion and the Unicorn 1183:The Art of Donald McGill 1176:My Country Right or Left 471:Her friend, the painter 389:, which opened in 1960. 1362:Riding Down from Bangor 854:Reynolds, Jack (2008). 567:Senn, Samantha (2015). 308:, a friend of his from 1078:The Road to Wigan Pier 1019:A Clergyman's Daughter 641:London Review of Books 636:"Don't think about it" 221:Sonia worked with the 1535:The Orwell Foundation 1260:Reflections on Gandhi 1253:Toward European Unity 552:Mitter, Rana (2005). 434:Maurice Merleau-Ponty 290:Manchester University 280:Roehampton University 266:Brownell was born in 1495:Eileen O'Shaughnessy 1441:Betrayal of the Left 1313:The Moon Under Water 1225:Notes on Nationalism 1190:England Your England 1137:Shooting an Elephant 1051:Nineteen Eighty-Four 367:Nineteen Eighty-Four 359:Nineteen Eighty-Four 348:Nineteen Eighty-Four 320:Eileen O'Shaughnessy 237:Nineteen Eighty-Four 215:Nineteen Eighty-Four 170: 1958; 1585:People from Kolkata 1490:Victor Gollancz Ltd 1278:Books v. Cigarettes 1232:The Sporting Spirit 1086:Homage to Catalonia 704:The Washington Post 410:Michael Pitt-Rivers 365:As Orwell wrote in 340:The Washington Post 198:Sonia Mary Brownell 156:Michael Pitt-Rivers 55:Sonia Mary Brownell 1519:Why Orwell Matters 1485:Secker and Warburg 1246:The English People 885:"The Horizon Girl" 883:(11 August 2003). 524:The New York Times 520:"The Widow Orwell" 422:William Coldstream 191:(adoptive stepson) 119:The Orwell Archive 1557: 1556: 1480:Searchlight Books 1414: 1413: 1392: 1391: 1320:A Nice Cup of Tea 1130:Bookshop Memories 1096: 1095: 1035:Coming Up for Air 944:978-1-78352-708-3 700:"The Orwell Myth" 634:(25 April 2002). 408:Brownell married 285:Le Morte d'Arthur 212:, the heroine of 195: 194: 73:Bengal Presidency 16:(Redirected from 1612: 1306:How the Poor Die 1267: 1169:Inside the Whale 1105: 1000: 973: 966: 959: 950: 923: 906:Spurling, Hilary 901: 899: 897: 890:The New Republic 869: 846: 840: 834: 833: 831: 829: 822:The Sunday Times 814: 808: 802: 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946: 930: 927: 926: 925: 918: 902: 881:Kermode, Frank 876: 875: 871: 870: 864: 848: 847: 845:, p. 175. 835: 809: 797: 795:, p. 131. 785: 773: 745: 737: 716: 690: 659: 616: 579:(3): 149–161. 559: 544: 529: 511: 508:. 19 May 2002. 492: 491: 490: 489: 484: 481: 461: 458: 426:Victor Pasmore 405: 402: 377:Together with 374: 371: 350: 345: 331:Anthony Powell 306:Cyril Connolly 301: 298: 294:Eugène Vinaver 263: 260: 227:Foreign Office 193: 192: 186: 182: 181: 179: 178: 163: 159: 154: 153: 151: 140: 136: 131: 130: 127: 125: 121: 120: 117: 116:Known for 113: 112: 109: 105: 104: 101: 97: 96: 93: 91:(aged 62) 85: 81: 80: 67: 65:25 August 1918 54: 52: 48: 47: 39: 38: 35: 26: 24: 18:Sonia Brownell 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1617: 1606: 1603: 1601: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1590:George Orwell 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1565: 1552: 1547: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1520: 1516: 1514: 1513: 1512:Eric & Us 1509: 1506: 1505:Orwell's list 1503: 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Retrieved 888: 874:Bibliography 855: 838: 826:. Retrieved 821: 812: 807:, p. 2. 800: 788: 776: 766:21 September 764:. Retrieved 757: 748: 728: 725:Fyvel, T. R. 719: 707:. Retrieved 703: 693: 683:21 September 681:. Retrieved 677:The Observer 675: 652:21 September 650:. Retrieved 645: 639: 632:Diski, Jenny 576: 572: 562: 553: 547: 538: 532: 523: 514: 506:The Guardian 505: 496: 477:Ecclesiastes 470: 466:brain tumour 463: 451: 444: 438: 432:philosopher 418:Lucian Freud 416:, including 407: 404:After Orwell 397: 391: 383:Richard Rees 376: 366: 364: 357: 352: 347: 338: 328: 324:tuberculosis 313: 310:Eton College 303: 283: 265: 253: 244: 240: 236: 230: 220: 213: 202:Sonia Orwell 201: 197: 196: 89:(1980-12-11) 36:Sonia Orwell 29: 1575:1980 deaths 1570:1918 births 1427:As I Please 1419:Collections 1383:Why I Write 1043:Animal Farm 379:David Astor 354:T. R. Fyvel 254:Animal Farm 245:Animal Farm 241:Animal Farm 232:Animal Farm 100:Nationality 1564:Categories 1062:Nonfiction 648:(8): 32–33 483:References 276:Roehampton 262:Early life 108:Occupation 61:1918-08-25 1475:Orwellian 1123:The Spike 1116:A Hanging 611:145306291 595:1944-0464 441:Tom Gross 394:Ian Angus 373:Archivist 185:Relatives 111:Archivist 1407:" (1952) 1385:" (1946) 1378:" (1946) 1371:" (1946) 1364:" (1946) 1357:" (1946) 1350:" (1946) 1343:" (1946) 1336:" (1946) 1329:" (1946) 1322:" (1946) 1315:" (1946) 1308:" (1946) 1301:" (1946) 1294:" (1946) 1287:" (1946) 1280:" (1946) 1262:" (1949) 1255:" (1947) 1248:" (1947) 1241:" (1947) 1234:" (1945) 1227:" (1945) 1220:" (1945) 1213:" (1944) 1206:" (1943) 1199:" (1941) 1192:" (1941) 1185:" (1941) 1178:" (1940) 1171:" (1940) 1164:" (1940) 1146:" (1937) 1139:" (1936) 1132:" (1936) 1125:" (1931) 1118:" (1931) 908:(2002). 727:(1982). 603:26465253 414:painters 268:Calcutta 69:Calcutta 1468:Related 1003:Fiction 315:Horizon 176:​ 164:​ 160:​ 149:​ 141:​ 137:​ 124:Spouses 103:British 1551:Portal 1540:Statue 1507:(1949) 1460:(1946) 1452:(1940) 1444:(1941) 1101:Essays 1089:(1938) 1081:(1937) 1073:(1933) 1054:(1949) 1046:(1945) 1038:(1939) 1030:(1936) 1022:(1935) 1014:(1934) 996:Novels 942:  916:  862:  828:14 May 762:. 2015 735:  709:16 May 609:  601:  593:  300:Orwell 256:(1954) 1600:Muses 1397:1950s 1154:1940s 1108:1930s 759:AIM25 607:S2CID 599:JSTOR 488:Notes 460:Death 337:told 210:Julia 166:( 162: 143:( 139: 1270:1946 940:ISBN 914:ISBN 898:2015 860:ISBN 830:2014 768:2015 733:ISBN 711:2019 685:2015 654:2015 591:ISSN 424:and 381:and 235:and 172:div. 84:Died 51:Born 581:doi 1566:: 887:. 820:. 756:. 702:. 674:. 662:^ 646:24 644:. 638:. 619:^ 605:. 597:. 589:. 575:. 571:. 522:. 504:. 420:, 396:, 326:. 296:. 292:, 270:, 218:. 168:m. 145:m. 75:, 71:, 1432:" 1425:" 1403:" 1381:" 1374:" 1367:" 1360:" 1353:" 1346:" 1339:" 1332:" 1325:" 1318:" 1311:" 1304:" 1297:" 1290:" 1283:" 1276:" 1258:" 1251:" 1244:" 1237:" 1230:" 1223:" 1216:" 1209:" 1202:" 1195:" 1188:" 1181:" 1174:" 1167:" 1160:" 1142:" 1135:" 1128:" 1121:" 1114:" 972:e 965:t 958:v 924:. 922:. 900:. 868:. 832:. 783:. 770:. 743:. 741:. 713:. 687:. 656:. 613:. 583:: 577:8 63:) 59:( 20:)

Index

Sonia Brownell
A black and white picture of Sonia Orwell
Calcutta
Bengal Presidency
British India
George Orwell
Michael Pitt-Rivers
Richard Blair
George Orwell
Julia
Nineteen Eighty-Four
Information Research Department
Foreign Office
Animal Farm
Central Intelligence Agency
Animal Farm (1954)
Calcutta
British India
Roehampton
Roehampton University
Le Morte d'Arthur
Manchester University
Eugène Vinaver
Cyril Connolly
Eton College
Horizon
Eileen O'Shaughnessy
tuberculosis
Anthony Powell
Bernard Crick

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