33:
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196:
300:
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wine region is located between
Coonawarra and Padthaway and had its first commercial vineyards established in the area in 1968. The climate of the region is similar to Coonawarra, but vineyards in the Wrattonbully region tend to be higher elevated and on better drained soils. The soil of the area
438:
sub-region, and is known for its rockier, more acidic soil than the neighbouring
Barossa Valley. The area has a higher elevation (in the 400–610 metres (1,300–2,000 ft) range), and thus has a colder, wetter climate. The Eden Valley is home to the Hill of Grace vineyard with its 140+ year old
771:
grown in its terra rossa soil. For years there were disputes within the
Coonawarra region about which vineyards could rightfully be considered "Coonawarra", and which were outside the boundaries. The soil itself became the deciding factor, with the lands with red terra rossa soil being visually
675:
is South
Australia's most northerly major wine district. The region contains two areas considered to be sub-regions - Polish Hill River and Watervale. Despite its hot and dry climate, many of the vineyards in this area are not irrigated. This helps to reduce
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wine region is one of
Australia's oldest and most prestigious premium wine-producing regions, known for its Shiraz production. The area's climate is very hot and dry (for a wine-producing area). Most of the area's white wine plantings
1315:
748:
The
Limestone Coast zone is located in the south-east of the state, bounded by the continental coastline to the south, the border with the neighbouring state of Victoria to the east and the Lower Murray wine zone to the north.
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region in New South Wales. Cabernet
Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Malbec and Riesling are some of the largest plantings in the area. The Riverland region also has one of the larger single plantings of Petit Verdot in the world, with
820:
wine region is a little north of, and slightly warmer than, Coonawarra, but it is better known for its white wine production, particularly
Chardonnay. The wines here are known for the balance of their natural acidity and
785:
wine region is located in the southeastern part of the state near the Robe wine region, west of
Coonawarra. In the late 20th century, the area saw an influx of foreign investment, including the RhĂ´ne wine estate
1379:
855:
The Lower Murray zone which is located to the east of the
Adelaide superzone, is bounded by the Limestone Coast zone to the south, the Far North zone to the north and by the border with Victoria to the east.
315:. Under these laws, at least 85% of the grapes must be from the region that is designated on the label. In the late 1990s more definitive boundaries were established that divided Australia up into
567:. With the area's 56 centimetres (22 in) of rain, and diversity of soil types including sand, clay and limestone, this area produces a wide range of wines with Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon,
680:
and to concentrate the flavours in the grape. The region is known for its ability to produce Chardonnays, Semillons, and Rieslings that range from full body and luscious to light and delicate.
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distinguishable from the black soil found interspersed throughout the region. In addition to Cabernet, the region has also found some success with its Chardonnay, Malbec, Merlot,
400:) are located on the higher altitude hill sides around the valley where they can be cooled by the ocean breeze. In recent times the area has found some success with plantings of
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is one of the hottest and flattest wine regions in South Australia. The area's Magill vineyards located on the edge of the foothills: "The Grange", pioneered by
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and is bordered by the Wrattonbilly region in the north, by the Mount Gambier region in the south and by the Victorian border in the east. It is known for the
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has been planted with vineyards since the 1890s, but has only recently started to gain the attention of the international wine community. Located along the
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region is located on the southern end of the Fleurieu Peninsula. The area's sandy loam and gravel based ironstone soil supports Cabernet Sauvignon,
252:
Vines are grown at altitudes from the low valley regions of the Barossa and the Riverland up to 600 metres (1,970 ft) high in the vineyards at
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and the islands located off the adjoining coastline. It is bounded by the Far North zone to its north by the Mount Lofty Ranges zone to its east.
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343:
is used which consists of a group of adjoining zones. As of 2014, only one 'super zone' exists: this is the Adelaide region which consists of the
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includes clay, sand and loam on top of limestone, with some patches of terra rossa. Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz are the most popular plantings.
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The Mount Lofty Ranges zone is located immediately to the east of Adelaide, north of the Fleurieu zone and south and north of the Barossa zone.
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system known as the Australian Geographical Indication (AGI or geographical indication) which distinguishes the geographic origins of the
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wine region is the highly irrigated land where a large percentage of Australia's bulk and box wines are produced, similar to the
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earlier than the more southerly Clare and Barossa valleys. The area is best suited for Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Shiraz.
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plantings. Shiraz, Sauvignon blanc, Merlot and Primitivo are also planted at Nangkita in the centre of the Peninsula.
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as an Australian Geographical Indication in 2010 and as of 2014, is represented by 20 vineyards and eight wineries.
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sources many of the grapes for its Jacob's Creek brand from this area which has also developed a reputation of its
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Hill of Grace wine. The Eden Valley has also gained international attention for its limestone noted Rieslings.
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planted a vineyard with 500 cuttings from Tasmania in 1841, and made wine in 1843. Following the spread of
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James Halliday Australian wine companion : the bestselling and definitive guide to Australian wine
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of this region, making it one of the coolest in South Australia. The region contains two sub-regions,
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wine region is located near Mount Benson in the southeast part of the state, west of Coonawarra.
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The Fleurieu zone is located south of the Adelaide metropolitan area, between the mouth of the
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with the eastern continental coastline. This region was registered as an AGI on 1 May 1996.
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130:
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The Barossa zone is located just outside the north-east of the Adelaide metropolitan area.
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2019:
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245:. Across the region there is low annual rainfall which necessitates irrigation to counter
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49:
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2009:
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76:
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1224:. Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board of South Australia. 26 July 2013. Archived from
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156:, Hack's vines were pulled up and replanted in a new vineyard at Echunga Springs near
17:
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The South Eastern Australia wine region covers the area south of a line running from
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662:' Grange. There were once a number of vineyards on the Plains to the south of the
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wine region is located just off the coast of South Australia and is known for its
412:
206:
Located in south central Australia, South Australia is bordered by the four other
237:
The climate of the state varies greatly, with the more interior regions like the
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The earliest recorded evidence of vine planting was in 1836 by a settler named
106:
Hill of Grace are produced there, as well as many of Australia's mass-produced
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1982:
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and Semillon grow here, though the area also produces some notable red wines.
415:. Due to the hot climate, the grapes can become overripe, which requires the
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2188:
2128:
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273:
238:
87:
1128:"Adelaide, (Super Zone, includes Mount Lofty Ranges, Fleurieu and Barossa)"
894:, an adjoining portion of the Mid North of South Australia, the portion of
367:
241:
being intensely hot, and growing cooler closer to the coastal regions like
794:. The wines made here tend to be fruitier and less tannic than Coonawarra.
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2373:
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2256:
2236:
2203:
2168:
2098:
2014:
1977:
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http://www.news.com.au/adelaidenow/story/0,22606,25101964-5014244,00.html
867:
659:
585:
571:, Chardonnay, Semillon and Sauvignon blanc being the most widely planted.
440:
408:
404:
397:
207:
145:
107:
103:
65:
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covers an area centred on the strip of land adjoining both sides of the
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2388:
2241:
2216:
2143:
1992:
1879:
1798:
99:
1088:
807:. The first planting of vines occurred in 1982. The region received
2796:
2759:
2383:
2271:
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581:
568:
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wine region is located south of Adelaide and extends to the south of
176:
148:
in Adelaide and may have been producing wine as early as 1841, while
60:
and climate which allows the state to be able to produce a range of
2296:
2251:
2221:
1874:
1439:(rev. ed.). Prahran, Vic: Hardie Grant Books. pp. 1–81.
739:
731:
666:, but these areas are now covered with Adelaide's suburban sprawl.
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451:
366:
312:
298:
194:
186:
31:
48:
industry is responsible for more than half the production of all
1848:
1804:
1523:
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In South Australia, a fourth geographical indication known as a
288:
285:
281:
277:
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1821:
1802:
1537:
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121:
is vital to the success of the South Australian wine industry.
1249:
J.Halliday Australian Wine Companion 2009 pg 674 Hardie Grant
2580:
1472:
Longbottom, Mardi; Maschmedt, David; Pichler, Markus (2011),
914:
in western South Australia to the junction of the borders of
776:, Pinot noir, Riesling, Sauvignon blanc, Semillon and Shiraz.
713:, the area receives an ample amount of rainfall and tends to
1517:
160:. In 1843, he sent a case of wine made from the vineyard to
179:
that he had brought with him when emigrating to Australia.
359:
super zone was registered as an AGI on 27 December 1996.
1458:(2013 ed.), Richmond, Victoria: Hardie Grant Books,
1265:
J.Halliday Australian Wine Companion pg 675 Hardie Grant
280:
based soils of the Adelaide and Riverland areas, and the
1787:
307:
Since the 1960s, Australia's labeling laws have used an
1817:
898:
south of a line of latitude approximately in line with
625:
coast; winds from which have a tempering effect on the
542:
wine region is located southeast of Adelaide along the
1529:
Vine Guide - search over 300 South Australian wineries
1524:
Phylloxera and Grape Industry Board of South Australia
164:, being the first Australian wine to reach the Queen.
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
736:
A Cabernet Sauvignon from the Limestone Coast region.
1369:, Food, Wine & Travel, www.foodwinetravel.com.au
1110:
Third Edition pg 47-48 Oxford University Press 2006
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
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171:
established his medical practice at "The Grange" in
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2089:
2077:
1970:
1898:
1855:
1780:
1762:
1744:
1701:
1683:
1643:
1605:
1575:
803:wine region is located around the regional city of
423:
time to prevent the wines from being overly tannic.
875:planting 100 hectares (250 acres) of this variety.
175:in 1844, planting the vine cuttings from southern
658:, once provided the grapes for the production of
27:The wine industry in the state of South Australia
1292:
1290:
1201:Third Edition pg 312-317 Abbeville Press 2003
621:is located 14 kilometres (9 mi) from the
525:wines. Most of the vineyards are found on the
2596:
1833:
1549:
1475:Unearthing viticulture in the Limestone Coast
8:
1168:. Wine Australia Corporation. Archived from
1318:. Australian Grape and Wine Authority. 2014
1060:. Vol. 6. Melbourne University Press.
695:The Far North zone is located north of the
484:wine region is located on the west side of
199:The Barossa Valley overlooking the town of
2603:
2589:
2581:
2086:
1840:
1826:
1818:
1799:
1556:
1542:
1534:
1518:South Australian Wine Industry Association
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1437:James Halliday's Wine Atlas of Australia
1340:. Mount Gambier Regional Winegrowers Inc
607:Cabernet Sauvignon from the Clare Valley
2781:Clarification and stabilization of wine
991:
926:) and then to the intersection of the
890:The Peninsulas zone covers the entire
234:forms the state's southern coastline.
1520:– SA peak industry body official site
1382:. Australian Grape and Wine Authority
7:
1035:pg 578-581 Dorling Kindersley 2005
975:List of wineries in South Australia
906:South Eastern Australia wine region
456:Vineyard in the McLaren Vale region
303:Australian wine zones & regions
1219:"Currency Creek Wine Region (map)"
1058:Australian Dictionary of Biography
191:Vineyards in rural South Australia
25:
1865:Annual growth cycle of grapevines
1033:"The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia"
439:Shiraz vines that are behind the
264:are also varied, and include the
2844:
2552:
954:
940:
2877:Wine regions of South Australia
1380:"South Eastern Australia (AGI)"
1305:Longbottom et al, 2011, page 31
1411:The Australian Wine Compendium
1108:"The Oxford Companion to Wine"
922:and South Australia (known as
654:, and "Auldana", pioneered by
599:Mount Lofty Ranges zone (wine)
474:and includes Kangaroo Island.
1:
2807:Glossary of viticulture terms
1199:Jancis Robinson's Wine Course
64:–from the cool climate
2812:Glossary of winemaking terms
763:mainly north of the town of
291:based soils of the Barossa.
2882:Wineries in South Australia
1296:Halliday, 2012, pages 52-53
1054:"Reynell, John (1809–1873)"
728:Limestone Coast zone (wine)
2910:
2732:Yeast assimilable nitrogen
886:The Peninsulas zone (wine)
883:
848:
725:
688:
652:Christopher Rawson Penfold
596:
529:and sandy loam soils near
459:
374:
169:Christopher Rawson Penfold
2840:
2822:History of the wine press
2712:Sparkling wine production
2546:
1815:
1417:. pp. 1–6, 277–471.
1358:Christine Salines, 2003,
1056:. In Nairn, N. B. (ed.).
1052:Van Dissel, Dirk (1976).
508:. Chardonnay, Riesling,
432:wine region includes the
90:'s best-known wines like
2887:South Australian cuisine
2817:Wine tasting descriptors
2538:Wine tasting descriptors
2467:Phenolic content in wine
2359:Alternative wine closure
1943:Great French Wine Blight
1788:South Eastern Australia
1693:Southern Flinders Ranges
1454:Halliday, James (2012),
1094:11 February 2008 at the
851:Lower Murray zone (wine)
706:Southern Flinders Ranges
697:Clare Valley wine region
226:to the south east), the
115:agriculture in Australia
70:Clare Valley wine region
56:has a vast diversity in
2707:Malolactic fermentation
1645:Mount Lofty Ranges zone
1338:"History and varieties"
593:Mount Lofty Ranges zone
133:in Chichester Gardens,
1365:21 August 2011 at the
962:South Australia portal
745:
737:
608:
504:including the town of
457:
372:
317:Geographic Indications
304:
295:Wine zones and regions
232:Great Australian Bight
230:to the north, and the
203:
192:
41:
18:South Australia (wine)
2508:Wine and food pairing
1415:Angus & Robertson
1316:"Mount Gambier (AGI)"
743:
735:
691:Far North zone (wine)
627:mediterranean climate
606:
455:
370:
302:
198:
190:
183:Climate and geography
46:South Australian wine
35:
2159:Muscat of Alexandria
1703:Limestone Coast zone
722:Limestone Coast zone
664:Adelaide city centre
462:Fleurieu zone (wine)
2737:Yeast in winemaking
2689:Carbonic maceration
1764:The Peninsulas zone
1413:. North Ryde, NSW:
928:Tropic of Capricorn
880:The Peninsulas zone
377:Barossa zone (wine)
335:Adelaide super zone
218:to the north east,
2727:Traditional method
2528:Wine personalities
2232:Cabernet Sauvignon
1498:on 6 November 2014
769:Cabernet Sauvignon
746:
738:
609:
500:and just south of
458:
373:
353:Mount Lofty Ranges
305:
228:Northern Territory
204:
193:
42:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2857:
2628:Late harvest wine
2578:
2577:
2315:
2314:
2212:Alicante Bouschet
1960:Judgment of Paris
1796:
1795:
1746:Lower Murray zone
1663:Piccadilly Valley
1635:Southern Fleurieu
1488:978-0-646-56744-0
1465:978-1-74270-306-0
1271:978-1-74066-754-8
1255:978-1-74066-647-3
1172:on 6 October 2014
1106:J. Robinson (ed)
1089:Penfold's History
845:Lower Murray zone
792:Kreglinger winery
638:Piccadilly Valley
577:Southern Fleurieu
212:Western Australia
154:urban development
72:to the big, full
16:(Redirected from
2899:
2849:
2848:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2582:
2557:
2556:
2472:Proteins in wine
2139:GrĂĽner Veltliner
2087:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1819:
1800:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1535:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1497:
1491:, archived from
1480:
1468:
1450:
1428:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
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1350:
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1087:penfolds.com.au
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1049:
1043:
1029:
964:
959:
958:
957:
950:
945:
944:
790:and the Belgium
744:Terra rossa soil
486:Lake Alexandrina
142:George Stevenson
131:John Barton Hack
21:
2909:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2892:Australian wine
2867:
2866:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2851:Wine portal
2843:
2836:
2827:History of wine
2785:
2769:
2741:
2693:
2675:
2656:Deacidification
2642:
2614:
2609:
2579:
2574:
2559:Wine portal
2551:
2542:
2481:
2443:
2348:
2338:
2311:
2198:
2179:Sauvignon blanc
2114:Cayetana blanca
2082:
2080:grape varieties
2073:
1966:
1894:
1851:
1846:
1811:
1797:
1792:
1776:
1758:
1740:
1697:
1679:
1670:Adelaide Plains
1639:
1625:Langhorne Creek
1620:Kangaroo Island
1601:
1571:
1569:South Australia
1562:
1514:
1509:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1453:
1447:
1433:Halliday, James
1431:
1425:
1407:Halliday, James
1405:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1385:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1367:Wayback Machine
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
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1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
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1313:
1309:
1304:
1300:
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1234:
1232:
1231:on 9 March 2015
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647:Adelaide Plains
623:Gulf St Vincent
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539:Langhorne Creek
518:Kangaroo Island
510:Sauvignon blanc
472:Gulf St Vincent
464:
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396:, Riesling and
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220:New South Wales
185:
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92:Penfolds Grange
68:variety in the
62:grape varieties
54:South Australia
50:Australian wine
36:A wine shop in
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1512:External links
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1166:"Wine Regions"
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506:Currency Creek
481:Currency Creek
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388:Barossa Valley
375:Main article:
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135:North Adelaide
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38:North Adelaide
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1607:Fleurieu zone
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800:Mount Gambier
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788:M. Chapoutier
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565:Morphett Vale
562:
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552:dessert wines
549:
548:Orlando Wines
545:
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448:Fleurieu zone
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419:to limit the
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371:Shiraz grapes
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113:As with most
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109:
105:
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97:
96:Jacob's Creek
93:
89:
84:
82:
79:wines of the
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
34:
30:
19:
2842:
2699:Fermentation
2550:
2533:Wine tasting
2154:Muscat blanc
2124:Chenin blanc
1921:Ancient Rome
1736:Wrattonbully
1711:Mount Benson
1675:Clare Valley
1630:McLaren Vale
1577:Barossa zone
1565:Wine regions
1500:, retrieved
1493:the original
1474:
1455:
1436:
1410:
1384:. Retrieved
1374:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1332:
1320:. Retrieved
1310:
1301:
1281:T.Love 2008
1277:
1261:
1245:
1233:. Retrieved
1226:the original
1213:
1198:
1197:J. Robinson
1174:. Retrieved
1170:the original
1135:. Retrieved
1122:
1107:
1102:
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1057:
1047:
1032:
909:
889:
861:
854:
836:Wrattonbully
834:
825:
815:
798:
782:Mount Benson
780:
774:Petit Verdot
754:
747:
704:
694:
672:Clare Valley
670:
645:
636:
630:
616:
610:
575:
560:McLaren Vale
558:
544:Bremer River
537:
516:
494:Murray Mouth
479:
468:River Murray
465:
433:
427:
386:
380:
363:Barossa zone
356:
355:zones. The
340:
338:
328:
324:
320:
316:
306:
272:region, the
251:
236:
205:
166:
158:Mount Barker
150:John Reynell
139:
128:
112:
85:
45:
43:
29:
2802:Wine bottle
2774:Other steps
2765:Wine cellar
2722:SĂĽssreserve
2414:Wine cellar
2404:Wine bottle
2345:accessories
2343:Packaging,
2302:Tempranillo
1931:Noah's wine
1911:Phoenicians
1857:Viticulture
1590:Eden Valley
1386:13 November
1235:13 November
948:Wine portal
809:appellation
678:crop yields
498:Port Elliot
429:Eden Valley
309:appellation
258:Eden Valley
254:Pewsey Vale
2871:Categories
2681:Maceration
2671:Wine press
2661:Destemming
2612:Winemaking
2518:Wine fraud
2513:Wine fault
2498:Oenophilia
2434:Wine label
2429:Wine glass
2394:Port tongs
2292:Sangiovese
2287:Pinot noir
2247:Douce noir
2174:Rkatsiteli
2119:Chardonnay
2109:Catarratto
2083:by acreage
2057:Biodynamic
2020:Aromatized
1809:winemaking
1726:Coonawarra
1502:5 November
1424:0207151377
1344:5 November
1322:4 November
1137:2 November
1073:7 December
1067:0522841082
981:References
920:Queensland
756:Coonawarra
656:W. P. Auld
421:maceration
417:winemakers
407:including
394:Chardonnay
341:super zone
329:subregions
270:Coonawarra
266:terra rosa
262:soil types
216:Queensland
144:planted a
119:irrigation
2633:Noble rot
2523:Winemaker
2503:Sommelier
2439:Wine rack
2419:Wine cork
2409:Wine cave
2399:Screw cap
2369:Corkscrew
2334:New World
2329:Old World
2307:Zinfandel
2282:Mourvèdre
2189:Trebbiano
2129:Colombard
2030:Noble rot
2010:Fortified
1988:Sparkling
1955:New World
1754:Riverland
1721:Padthaway
1595:High Eden
1176:1 October
986:Citations
863:Riverland
817:Padthaway
531:Kingscote
527:ironstone
502:Ashbourne
435:High Eden
413:Mourvèdre
405:varietals
319:known as
274:limestone
239:Riverland
210:states, (
108:box wines
88:Australia
58:geography
2648:Pressing
2570:Glossary
2486:Industry
2379:Jug wine
2374:Decanter
2364:Box wine
2262:Isabella
2257:Grenache
2237:Carignan
2184:SĂ©millon
2169:Riesling
2164:Palomino
1907:Ancient
1890:Vineyard
1885:Veraison
1870:Oenology
1658:Lenswood
1435:(2008).
1409:(1985).
1363:Archived
1092:Archived
934:See also
868:Riverina
660:Penfolds
632:Lenswood
586:Viognier
488:between
470:and the
441:Henschke
409:Grenache
398:Semillon
357:Adelaide
349:Fleurieu
247:droughts
224:Victoria
208:mainland
146:vineyard
140:In 1838
104:Henschke
86:Some of
66:Riesling
2832:Terroir
2790:Related
2638:Vintage
2620:Harvest
2565:Outline
2389:Muselet
2351:storage
2242:Cinsaut
2217:Barbera
2144:Macabeo
2104:Aligoté
2062:Organic
2052:Natural
2005:Dessert
1950:Georgia
1900:History
1880:Terroir
1875:Species
1399:Sources
715:harvest
345:Barossa
325:regions
268:of the
256:in the
201:Bethany
125:History
100:Yalumba
2797:Winery
2760:Solera
2384:Kvevri
2272:Merlot
2267:Malbec
2067:Kosher
2043:Other
1998:Orange
1971:Styles
1938:France
1485:
1462:
1443:
1421:
1269:
1253:
1205:
1114:
1064:
1039:
912:Ceduna
821:fruit.
765:Penola
582:Malbec
569:Merlot
492:, the
490:Milang
260:. The
177:France
173:Magill
77:Shiraz
74:bodied
2747:Aging
2297:Syrah
2252:Gamay
2222:Bobal
2134:Glera
2099:Airén
2091:White
2047:Table
2035:Straw
2025:Fruit
1983:White
1926:China
1805:Wines
1781:Other
1496:(PDF)
1479:(PDF)
1229:(PDF)
1222:(PDF)
402:RhĂ´ne
321:zones
313:grape
282:sandy
2349:and
2078:Top
1993:Rosé
1849:Wine
1807:and
1731:Robe
1504:2014
1483:ISBN
1460:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1419:ISBN
1388:2014
1346:2014
1324:2014
1267:ISBN
1251:ISBN
1237:2014
1203:ISBN
1178:2014
1139:2019
1112:ISBN
1075:2020
1062:ISBN
1037:ISBN
860:The
833:The
827:Robe
824:The
814:The
797:The
779:The
753:The
703:The
669:The
644:The
635:and
615:The
574:The
557:The
536:The
515:The
478:The
426:The
411:and
385:The
351:and
327:and
289:loam
286:clay
278:marl
102:and
44:The
2755:Oak
2204:Red
2015:Ice
1978:Red
1567:of
167:Dr
2873::
1481:,
1289:^
1186:^
1147:^
1130:.
994:^
918:,
699:.
546:.
496:,
347:,
331:.
323:,
284:,
249:.
137:.
117:,
110:.
98:,
94:,
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52:.
2604:e
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2590:v
2347:,
1841:e
1834:t
1827:v
1557:e
1550:t
1543:v
1449:.
1427:.
1390:.
1348:.
1326:.
1239:.
1180:.
1141:.
1077:.
641:.
554:.
533:.
392:(
276:-
40:.
20:)
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