1023:, recognised the Industrial and Commercial Workers' Union, which had non-white members. This angered the National Party. As a result, Madeley was asked to resign. When the Labour Party National Council refused to agree, the Minister could only be got rid of by the resignation and reconstruction of the whole Pact government. The "Creswell Labour" group, supporting the veteran party leader Colonel Creswell, remained in the Pact government. The opposing faction, known as "National Council Labour", went into opposition with Madeley as its leader.
1016:. In the event, Creswell remained in office until 1933, for much of that time doubling as Minister of Labour. While serving in government, the LP initiated important economic and industrial legislation which improved conditions for white workers. In addition, the LP also helped to alleviate unemployment amongst whites, and a year after becoming labour minister, Creswell claimed that he had found employment for 12,000 previously jobless whites. These policies, however, did nothing to enhance conditions for black workers.
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After 1939, the Labour Party was clearly closer to the United Party than to the
National Party. Labour had an electoral pact with the UP in 1943, 1948 and 1953. However Labour tended to oppose the NP, after it came to power in 1948, more vigorously than the larger and more conservative United Party
1053:
in the Union
Parliament continuously since it was created in 1910, died in 1947. A dissident Labour candidate (representing the United Labour Party) contested the Benoni by-election, but lost by 949 votes to the official Labour candidate. Dissident Labour candidates also contested the
1045:(UP). When that party split, over the issue of South African participation in the Second World War, the Labour Party participated in a wartime coalition under the Premiership of Jan Smuts formed in 1939. Walter Madeley, the Labour leader, left the coalition in 1945.
1048:
On 24 July 1946, Walter
Madeley resigned from the leadership and the party. Three other MPs also left the party during 1946–47 because they favoured a more conservative line on racial questions than the party organisation. Madeley, who had represented
973:. It never came close to acquiring a majority in Parliament or to being the official opposition, but it did spend periods as a junior coalition partner in the government of South Africa. Between 1910 and 1929 the Party was led by
992:, which had been defused through a combination of military force and repression, including the imprisonment of Labour leader Frederic Creswell for a month. The government's heavy handed negotiations with the out-gunned
4535:
1000:
the enmity of the labour vote and the Labour Party, whose support was boosted by the growing militancy of workers. This paved the way for an election agreement between the Labour Party and the
2699:
3329:
1942:
1826:
2620:
4102:
2625:
4760:
4755:
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1030:, even though the National Party won an overall majority, Colonel Creswell and a colleague remained ministers. When the National Party formed a coalition with Jan Smuts's
1008:, in which the two parties would not oppose each other during the election and would support each other's candidates in certain constituencies. The alliance resulted in a
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957:
The party received support mostly from urban white workers and for most of its existence sought to protect them from competition from black and other non-white workers.
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1935:
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2247:
2027:
64:
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3336:
3528:
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3165:
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612:
307:
4698:
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4221:
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2600:
2239:
1928:
3047:
2985:
4479:
4284:
4032:
3913:
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620:
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1830:
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4368:
3990:
2196:
1171:
1070:
1055:
1035:
1027:
1005:
970:
966:
1085:, in which Labour gained 0.23% of the votes and lost all of its remaining seats. The Labour Party was dissolved soon after the election.
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526:
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68:
97:
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4158:
4137:
4011:
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3452:
3236:
2958:
2000:
1410:
1364:
1001:
813:
1038:, the Creswell faction became followers of General Smuts, thus leaving the National Council faction as the Labour Party.
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2005:
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79:
1081:. His policies proved to be far too left-leaning for the majority Afrikaner-electorate and led a sound defeat in the
1019:
In 1928, the party split between two factions. The Labour MP who was
Minister of Posts, Telegraphs and Public Works,
1012:
known as the Pact. The Labour Party provided two members of the Pact government, including its leader, Creswell, as
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2015:
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1951:
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337:
35:
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1990:
773:
743:
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4004:
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1970:
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847:
402:
240:
31:
1077:, tried to pursue a socialist policy as well as maintaining relations with groups like the
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1980:
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1920:
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The party was represented in the South
African House of Assembly from the
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1975:
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The
National Party and the South African Party merged in 1934 as the
654:
1705:
South Africa 1982 Official
Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa
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1924:
292:
40:
2014:
1721:"The Origins of the South African Labour Party 1888-1910""
1088:
A small fraction of former Labour politicians formed the
1740:
The
Origins of the South African Labour Party: 1888-1910
1034:, in 1933, the Pact government came to an end. At the
1855:, edition of 14 May 1947 (obituary of Walter Madeley)
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1958:
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71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2264:People Against Suffering, Oppression and Poverty
938:following discussions between trade unions, the
3481:Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre
2159:Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa
153:
1707:, published by Chris van Rensburg Publications
980:The worldwide depression after the end of the
950:party representing the interests of the white
2693:
1936:
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2203:South African Liberal Students' Association
3879:
2954:
2700:
2686:
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2430:
2034:
1943:
1929:
1921:
1889:Keesing's Contemporary Archives, 1946–1948
1877:Keesing's Contemporary Archives, 1946–1948
934:formed in March 1910 in the newly created
906:
892:
322:
172:
144:
4761:Social democratic parties in South Africa
4756:Defunct political parties in South Africa
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:1910–1958 political party in South Africa
4776:Political parties disestablished in 1958
3554:Reconstruction and Development Programme
1913:Keesing's Contemporary Archives, 1957–58
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1141:
1073:. His successor, the last Labour leader
4771:Organisations associated with apartheid
3166:1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike
1711:
336:
3631:2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike
4781:Political parties established in 1910
7:
2197:People Against Gangsterism and Drugs
1746:. Cape Town: University of Cape Town
1071:South African general election, 1953
1056:South African general election, 1948
1036:South African general election, 1933
1028:South African general election, 1929
971:South African general election, 1958
969:until it lost its last seats in the
967:South African general election, 1910
69:adding citations to reliable sources
4751:1910 establishments in South Africa
3561:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
3223:Coloured-vote constitutional crisis
2285:Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign
582:Workers' right to access the toilet
2220:Zabalaza Anarchist Communist Front
2165:Congress of South African Students
940:Transvaal Independent Labour Party
25:
4713:Pan Africanist Congress of Azania
4348:South African Party (Cape Colony)
1694:(George, Allen & Unwin 1975)
1543:coalition government (left 1945)
1092:, which only gained 0.31% in the
4725:
4724:
2662:
2661:
2455:"Dubul' ibhunu" (Shoot the Boer)
2191:Lesbian and Gay Equality Project
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477:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
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80:"Labour Party" South Africa
45:
4362:South African Party (1977–1980)
4355:South African Party (1911–1934)
4271:Progressive Party (Cape Colony)
4068:Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners
2209:South African Students Congress
1683:Keesing's Contemporary Archives
56:needs additional citations for
3680:2019 service delivery protests
3666:#FeesMustFall student protests
3411:1983 constitutional referendum
2123:South Africa political parties
1489:
1402:
1356:
1278:
1232:
928:Suid-Afrikaanse Arbeidersparty
527:Occupational safety and health
522:Occupational safety and health
155:Suid-Afrikaanse Arbeidersparty
1:
4791:Working class in South Africa
4138:Johannesburg Reform Committee
2776:
2761:
2738:
2731:
2359:(Don't) touch me on my studio
2215:South African Wine Initiative
650:Chronological list of strikes
4796:Social class in South Africa
3793:Black Consciousness Movement
3547:Government of National Unity
2307:Unemployed Peoples' Movement
2153:Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging
1789:South African History Online
4786:White South African culture
3504:Saint James Church massacre
3390:Weapons of mass destruction
2535:No Land! No House! No Vote!
2449:No Land! No House! No Vote!
1827:"GRADE 12: Pact Government"
1496:Opposition (joined wartime
1138:House of Assembly elections
30:For the later party led by
4812:
3260:1957 Alexandra bus boycott
3138:South West Africa campaign
3037:Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
3002:French Huguenot settlement
1726:. University of Cape Town.
1090:Conservative Workers Party
920:South African Labour Party
150:South African Labour Party
29:
18:South African Labour Party
4722:
4699:African National Congress
4159:Liberal Party (1953–1968)
3497:1992 apartheid referendum
2659:
2302:Treatment Action Campaign
2280:Landless Peoples Movement
2248:South Africa trade unions
2012:
1552:
1422:
1175:
1079:African National Congress
975:Colonel F. H. P. Creswell
613:International comparisons
547:Right to rest and leisure
487:Employment discrimination
298:
171:
4152:Labour Party (1969–1994)
4145:Labour Party (1910–1958)
3701:2020 Phala Phala Robbery
3659:#RhodesMustFall protests
3274:1960 republic referendum
2621:Political assassinations
2297:Social Justice Coalition
2259:Mandela Park Backyarders
1952:Politics of South Africa
946:. It was a professedly
398:Social movement unionism
303:Politics of South Africa
248:White workers' interests
4597:terrorist organisations
3687:2019 Johannesburg riots
3316:Constructive engagement
3281:International isolation
3099:Witwatersrand Gold Rush
2461:One Settler, One Bullet
1096:and disbanded as well.
984:had led to a strike in
930:), was a South African
608:Trade union federations
603:Trade unions by country
254:Political position
36:Labour Party (Coloured)
3610:Attack on Kennedy Road
3237:Congress of the People
2828:South African Republic
2419:Anti-Chinese sentiment
2404:White monopoly capital
2270:Poor People's Alliance
2020:
927:
507:Freedom of association
378:Exploitation of labour
154:
4180:Natal Indian Congress
3900:Afrikaner Broederbond
3754:Afrikaner nationalism
3540:1994 general election
3511:Bophuthatswana crisis
3404:Church Street bombing
3200:Apartheid legislation
3193:1948 general election
3113:South Africa Act 1909
2908:Union of South Africa
2728:Kingdom of Mapungubwe
2708:Political history of
2606:Legacies of apartheid
2467:"Each One, Teach One"
2424:Anti-Indian sentiment
2369:Proudly South African
2275:Abahlali baseMjondolo
2050:Afrikaner nationalism
2018:
1413:coalition government
1367:coalition government
1006:1924 general election
936:Union of South Africa
492:Employment protection
472:Collective bargaining
3814:Greater South Africa
3652:2014 platinum strike
3518:Shell House massacre
3446:Transkei coup d'état
3267:Sharpeville massacre
3030:Battle of Blaauwberg
3023:Battle of Muizenberg
2975:Battle of Salt River
2758:Mthethwa Paramountcy
2626:Political repression
2521:Long Walk to Freedom
2019:Flag of South Africa
1901:Smuts: A Reappraisal
1737:Ticktin, D. (1973).
1719:Ticktin, D. (1973).
1688:Smuts: A Reappraisal
1670:Extra-parliamentary
1116:(disputed 1928–1933)
1109:(disputed 1928–1933)
1010:coalition government
948:democratic socialist
853:Industrial relations
842:Academic disciplines
438:National-syndicalism
408:Democratic socialism
245:Democratic socialism
65:improve this article
4706:Democratic Alliance
3883:Civic and political
3747:Afrikaner Calvinism
3740:African nationalism
3589:African Renaissance
3295:UNSC Resolution 591
3216:Internal resistance
3117:National Convention
3085:Transvaal Civil War
3009:Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
2892:Orange River Colony
2616:Phala Phala robbery
2514:I Write What I Like
2339:African Renaissance
2065:Black consciousness
2045:African nationalism
1105:1910–1933: Colonel
1065:The Labour leader,
1032:South African Party
1014:Minister of Defence
433:Anarcho-syndicalism
181:General secretaries
3453:Ciskei coup d'état
3288:UN Resolution 1761
3253:Women's March 1956
3106:South African Wars
3092:Mineral Revolution
2021:
1795:on 15 January 2012
1069:, died during the
1058:but won no seats.
944:Natal Labour Party
542:Professional abuse
4738:
4737:
4691:political parties
4684:
4683:
4661:Orde van die Dood
4278:Progressive Party
3984:Congress Alliance
3800:Cape Independence
3732:Political culture
3727:
3726:
3694:COVID-19 pandemic
3624:Marikana massacre
3460:Venda coup d'état
3230:Defiance Campaign
2820:Orange Free State
2750:Dutch Cape Colony
2675:
2674:
2566:Cape Independence
2544:
2543:
2486:African Communist
2442:Amandla Ngawethu!
2344:Alternative media
2333:Political culture
2325:South African law
2229:
2228:
2115:Political parties
1865:South Africa 1982
1814:South Africa 1982
1765:South Africa 1982
1674:
1673:
1177:Frederic Creswell
1133:Electoral history
1107:F. H. P. Creswell
1062:felt able to do.
916:
915:
873:Post-work society
702:Solidarity action
512:Legal working age
368:Conflict theories
321:
320:
308:Political parties
185:Frederic Creswell
141:
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16:(Redirected from
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4428:Trade unions and
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3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3439:Dakar Conference
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3330:Sporting boycott
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3302:Academic boycott
3297:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3159:Great Depression
3154:
3147:
3145:Maritz rebellion
3140:
3120:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2995:Dutch settlement
2977:
2970:
2968:Bantu migrations
2955:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2900:Transvaal Colony
2895:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2868:Nieuwe Republiek
2863:
2855:
2847:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2807:
2804:Natalia Republic
2799:
2791:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2773:Ndwandwe Kingdom
2768:
2766:
2763:
2753:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2679:
2665:
2664:
2601:Land occupations
2596:Labour brokering
2528:Molotov Cocktail
2431:
2292:Reclaim the City
2240:Social movements
2171:Earthlife Africa
2070:Environmentalism
2035:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1833:on 23 March 2005
1829:. Archived from
1823:
1817:
1811:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1791:. Archived from
1781:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1716:
1692:Bernard Friedman
1666:
1665:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1622:
1621:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1583:
1582:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1526:
1519:
1500:coalition 1939)
1492:
1491:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1281:
1280:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1227:
1204:
1203:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1142:
908:
901:
894:
858:Labour economics
848:Critique of work
692:Pen-down strikes
403:Social democracy
350:
340:
339:Organised labour
330:
323:
291:
272:Cultural/Social:
262:Economic/Fiscal:
241:Social democracy
220:
218:
205:
203:
176:
165:
157:
145:
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
114:
73:
49:
41:
32:Allan Hendrickse
21:
4811:
4810:
4806:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4734:
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4590:
4583:
4576:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4485:
4478:
4471:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4429:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4381:
4374:
4367:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4283:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4150:
4143:
4136:
4129:
4122:
4115:
4108:
4101:
4096:HNP (Herstigte)
4094:
4089:HNP (Herenigde)
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3907:Afrikaner Party
3905:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3875:
3869:
3860:
3851:
3842:
3835:
3826:
3821:Honorary whites
3819:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3782:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3723:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3582:Soweto bombings
3580:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3383:Soweto Uprising
3381:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3323:Tar Baby Option
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3251:
3244:Freedom Charter
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3123:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2946:
2938:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2898:
2890:
2882:
2874:
2866:
2858:
2850:
2844:Griqualand West
2842:
2836:Griqualand East
2834:
2826:
2818:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2786:
2779:
2771:
2764:
2756:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2726:
2712:
2706:
2676:
2671:
2655:
2636:Sexual violence
2556:Corrective rape
2540:
2477:
2471:
2429:
2409:Ungovernability
2364:Freedom Charter
2328:
2311:
2254:Equal Education
2238:
2225:
2134:
2126:
2109:
2029:
2022:
2010:
1954:
1949:
1919:
1911:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1875:
1871:
1863:
1859:
1851:
1847:
1836:
1834:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1783:
1782:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1679:
1651:
1648:
1607:
1604:
1568:
1565:
1520:
1517:
1477:
1474:
1438:
1435:
1390:
1387:
1344:
1341:
1305:
1302:
1266:
1263:
1228:
1225:
1189:
1186:
1140:
1135:
1102:
988:, known as the
982:First World War
963:
932:political party
912:
883:
882:
878:Refusal of work
843:
835:
834:
833:
738:
728:
727:
726:
717:Wildcat strikes
712:Whipsaw strikes
697:Sitdown strikes
644:
634:
633:
630:
598:
588:
587:
586:
572:Toxic workplace
456:
446:
445:
442:
360:
358:Labour movement
338:
328:
317:
289:
281:
247:
243:
216:
214:
201:
199:
187:
167:
166:
159:
151:
137:
126:
120:
117:
74:
72:
62:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4809:
4807:
4799:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4766:Labour parties
4763:
4758:
4753:
4743:
4742:
4736:
4735:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4694:
4692:
4686:
4685:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4654:Ossewabrandwag
4650:
4643:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4608:
4600:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4497:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4433:
4431:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4397:Unionist Party
4393:
4386:
4379:
4376:Torch Commando
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4250:Orde Boerevolk
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4026:DP (1989–2000)
4022:
4019:DP (1973–1977)
4015:
4012:Dominion Party
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3893:Afrikaner Bond
3888:
3886:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3858:
3849:
3840:
3833:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3807:Day of the Vow
3803:
3796:
3789:
3780:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3735:
3733:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3575:Floor crossing
3571:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3543:
3535:
3533:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3490:Bisho massacre
3486:
3485:
3484:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3432:Operation Vula
3428:
3425:Rubicon speech
3421:
3418:Langa massacre
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3196:
3188:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3152:Rand Rebellion
3148:
3141:
3133:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3081:
3078:Boer Republics
3074:
3067:
3060:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2990:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2971:
2963:
2961:
2952:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2936:
2928:
2924:Bophuthatswana
2920:
2912:
2904:
2896:
2888:
2884:Klein Vrystaat
2880:
2872:
2864:
2856:
2848:
2840:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2784:
2769:
2754:
2746:
2723:
2721:
2714:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2673:
2672:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2481:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2457:
2452:
2445:
2437:
2435:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2384:Tenderpreneurs
2381:
2376:
2374:Rainbow nation
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2267:
2261:
2256:
2244:
2242:
2231:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2183:
2181:Khanya College
2178:
2173:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2128:
2127:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2095:Pan-Africanism
2092:
2090:Libertarianism
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2032:
2024:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1933:
1925:
1918:
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1869:
1857:
1845:
1818:
1806:
1785:"Labour Party"
1769:
1757:
1729:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1685:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1660:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1616:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1494:
1486:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1447:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1424:Walter Madeley
1421:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1353:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1314:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1275:
1267:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1236:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1198:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1114:Walter Madeley
1110:
1101:
1098:
1094:elections 1961
1021:Walter Madeley
1002:National Party
990:Rand Rebellion
962:
959:
914:
913:
911:
910:
903:
896:
888:
885:
884:
881:
880:
875:
870:
865:
863:Labour history
860:
855:
850:
844:
841:
840:
837:
836:
832:
831:
826:
824:United Kingdom
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
740:
739:
736:Labour parties
734:
733:
730:
729:
725:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
673:
672:
667:
660:General strike
657:
652:
646:
645:
640:
639:
636:
635:
632:
631:
629:
628:
623:
617:
615:
610:
605:
599:
594:
593:
590:
589:
585:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
482:Eight-hour day
479:
474:
469:
464:
458:
457:
452:
451:
448:
447:
444:
443:
441:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
364:
361:
356:
355:
352:
351:
343:
342:
334:
333:
319:
318:
316:
315:
310:
305:
299:
296:
295:
287:
283:
282:
280:
279:
274:
269:
264:
258:
256:
250:
249:
238:
232:
231:
226:
222:
221:
211:
207:
206:
196:
192:
191:
189:Walter Madeley
182:
178:
177:
169:
168:
152:
149:
148:
139:
138:
53:
51:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4808:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
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4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4733:
4732:
4721:
4714:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4695:
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4669:
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4609:
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4572:
4571:Die Spoorbund
4568:
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4449:
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4442:
4439:
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4434:
4432:
4426:
4419:
4415:
4412:
4411:Workers Party
4408:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4366:
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4321:
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4310:
4307:
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4300:
4296:
4293:
4292:Radio Freedom
4289:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4268:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4247:
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4243:Oranjewerkers
4240:
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4230:
4226:
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4219:
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3922:
3918:
3915:
3911:
3908:
3904:
3901:
3897:
3894:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:organisations
3881:
3878:
3876:organisations
3872:
3865:
3864:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3847:
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3709:
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3702:
3698:
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3691:
3688:
3684:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3673:Tshwane riots
3670:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3639:
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3426:
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3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3397:Project Coast
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3376:Mafeje affair
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:Durban Moment
3359:
3356:
3355:Rivonia Trial
3352:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3309:Disinvestment
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
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3257:
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3213:
3208:
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3201:
3197:
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3174:
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3139:
3135:
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3132:
3130:
3126:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3065:
3064:1820 Settlers
3061:
3058:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3017:
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2999:
2996:
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2515:
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2502:
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2497:
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2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
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2412:
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2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:UnFreedom Day
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
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2377:
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2250:
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2241:
2236:
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2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2186:Koeberg Alert
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2148:Afrikanerbond
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2135:organisations
2129:
2125:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:Non-racialism
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
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2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2025:
2017:
2007:
2004:
2002:
2001:Northern Cape
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1981:KwaZulu-Natal
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1946:
1941:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1914:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1861:
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1832:
1828:
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1807:
1794:
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1766:
1761:
1758:
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1722:
1715:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1700:0-04-920045-3
1697:
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1676:
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1661:
1653:
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1625:
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1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1578:
1570:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1554:John Christie
1550:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1522:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1499:
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1469:
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1460:
1456:
1448:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1409:Labour Party-
1408:
1400:
1392:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1363:Labour Party-
1362:
1354:
1346:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1307:
1300:
1297:
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1292:
1289:
1288:
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1223:
1220:
1217:
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1207:
1199:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1148:Party leader
1147:
1144:
1143:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1122:
1121:John Christie
1118:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1083:1958 election
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:John Christie
1063:
1059:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1022:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1004:(NP) for the
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
978:
976:
972:
968:
960:
958:
955:
953:
952:working class
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
909:
904:
902:
897:
895:
890:
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886:
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871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
845:
839:
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830:
827:
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822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
789:New Caledonia
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
741:
737:
732:
731:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
687:Overtime bans
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
671:
668:
666:
663:
662:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
647:
643:
642:Strike action
638:
637:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
597:
592:
591:
583:
580:
578:
577:Unfree labour
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
537:Paid time off
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
502:Four-day week
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
455:
454:Labour rights
450:
449:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
428:Union busting
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
365:
363:
362:
359:
354:
353:
349:
345:
344:
341:
335:
331:
325:
324:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
297:
294:
288:
284:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
259:
257:
255:
251:
246:
242:
239:
237:
233:
230:
227:
223:
212:
208:
197:
193:
190:
186:
183:
179:
175:
170:
163:
156:
146:
143:
135:
132:
124:
121:December 2009
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82: –
81:
77:
76:Find sources:
70:
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
48:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
4729:
4689:Histories of
4390:United Party
4299:Reform Party
4236:Orangia Unie
4144:
3861:
3852:
3845:Swart gevaar
3843:
3827:
3783:
3774:
3715:
3617:Blikkiesdorp
2959:Pre-colonial
2812:Natal Colony
2796:Zulu Kingdom
2710:South Africa
2666:
2586:Gupta family
2581:Farm attacks
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2322:
2245:
2235:Trade unions
2161:(CONTRALESA)
2120:
2006:Western Cape
1966:Eastern Cape
1915:, page 16169
1912:
1908:
1900:
1896:
1888:
1884:
1876:
1872:
1864:
1860:
1852:
1848:
1835:. Retrieved
1831:the original
1821:
1813:
1809:
1797:. Retrieved
1793:the original
1788:
1764:
1760:
1748:. Retrieved
1739:
1732:
1714:
1704:
1687:
1682:
1087:
1064:
1060:
1047:
1043:United Party
1040:
1025:
1018:
986:South Africa
979:
964:
956:
919:
917:
722:Work-to-rule
596:Trade unions
567:Six-hour day
552:Right to sit
517:Minimum wage
467:Child labour
462:Annual leave
388:New unionism
271:
261:
229:Bloemfontein
225:Headquarters
142:
127:
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
3829:Rooi gevaar
3708:2021 unrest
3638:Nkandlagate
3467:Third Force
3344:Rugby union
2942:(1981–1994)
2934:(1979–1994)
2926:(1977–1994)
2918:(1976–1994)
2910:(1910–1961)
2902:(1902–1910)
2894:(1902–1910)
2886:(1886–1891)
2878:(1885–1887)
2870:(1884–1888)
2862:(1882–1885)
2854:(1882–1883)
2846:(1870–1873)
2838:(1861–1879)
2830:(1856–1902)
2822:(1854–1902)
2814:(1843–1910)
2806:(1839–1843)
2798:(1816–1897)
2790:(1795–1910)
2788:Cape Colony
2780: 1780
2765: 1780
2752:(1652–1806)
2742: 1220
2735: 1075
2651:Third Force
2641:Shack fires
2478:periodicals
1959:By province
1891:, page 8996
1879:, page 8615
1637:Alex Hepple
1626:Opposition
1587:Opposition
1457:Opposition
1324:Opposition
1285:Opposition
1246:Opposition
1208:Opposition
1127:Alex Hepple
1125:1953–1958:
1119:1946–1953:
1112:1928–1946:
1075:Alex Hepple
819:South Korea
799:Netherlands
794:New Zealand
423:Syndicalism
393:Proletariat
373:Decent work
4745:Categories
4640:Greyshirts
4404:Volksparty
3942:Black Sash
3603:Xenophobia
3596:Travelgate
3369:Border War
3173:Bantustans
3071:Great Trek
3016:Xhosa Wars
2876:Upingtonia
2860:Stellaland
2414:Xenophobia
2354:Corruption
2105:Trotskyism
2085:Liberalism
2075:Federalism
2038:Ideologies
1996:North West
1991:Mpumalanga
1971:Free State
1903:, page 155
1867:, page 168
1837:23 October
1816:, page 167
1767:, page 165
1677:References
1026:After the
942:, and the
868:Labour law
677:Green bans
670:newspapers
562:Sick leave
557:Sabbatical
277:Right-wing
91:newspapers
3863:Volkstaat
3854:Uitlander
3785:Boerehaat
3761:Anarchism
3568:Arms Deal
3531:apartheid
3207:Pass laws
3184:Apartheid
3129:1910–1948
3048:1815–1910
2986:1652–1815
2646:Terrorism
2576:e-tolling
2571:Elections
2500:ANC Today
2476:Books and
2389:Toyi-toyi
2176:Keep Left
2143:AfriForum
2133:political
2055:Anarchism
2030:movements
2028:Political
1853:The Times
1377:Disputed
1163:Position
1145:Election
998:Jan Smuts
924:Afrikaans
814:Singapore
769:Hong Kong
744:Australia
497:Equal pay
418:Communism
413:Socialism
313:Elections
267:Left-wing
210:Dissolved
162:Afrikaans
4731:Category
4633:Boeremag
4131:Jeugkrag
4082:Het Volk
3776:Baasskap
3718:incident
3337:Olympics
2916:Transkei
2719:polities
2717:Defunct
2668:Category
2631:Protests
2591:HIV/AIDS
2379:Renaming
2266:(PASSOP)
2080:Feminism
2060:Anti-war
1799:5 August
1750:21 April
1539:wartime
1342:18 / 135
1264:21 / 134
809:Portugal
749:Barbados
707:Walkouts
682:Lockouts
532:Overwork
383:Timeline
329:a series
326:Part of
236:Ideology
4536:SAAPAWU
3874:Defunct
3837:Slavery
3057:Mfecane
2611:Lindela
2493:Amandla
2434:Slogans
2211:(SASCO)
2205:(SALSA)
2199:(PAGAD)
2167:(COSAS)
1986:Limpopo
1976:Gauteng
1649:0 / 156
1605:5 / 156
1597:34,730
1566:6 / 150
1558:27,360
1518:9 / 150
1510:38,206
1475:3 / 150
1467:48,641
1436:2 / 150
1428:20,276
1388:8 / 148
1380:33,919
1337:14.35%
1334:45,380
1303:9 / 134
1298:13.82%
1295:39,406
1259:14.64%
1256:40,639
1226:4 / 130
1218:24,755
1187:4 / 121
1166:Result
1100:Leaders
996:earned
961:History
774:Ireland
764:Georgia
286:Colours
215: (
200: (
195:Founded
105:scholar
4487:FOSATU
4341:SAYRCO
4313:SADECO
4229:Occupy
3768:Azania
3716:Lady R
3645:Racism
3474:CODESA
2951:Events
2940:Ciskei
2852:Goshen
2782:–1819)
2767:–1817)
2394:Ubuntu
2349:Azania
2222:(ZACF)
2193:(LGEP)
2131:Other
1698:
1644:0.23%
1641:2,670
1600:2.87%
1561:2.57%
1513:4.36%
1470:5.87%
1431:6.34%
1383:9.86%
1221:9.63%
1157:Seats
1151:Votes
1051:Benoni
994:unions
829:Sweden
804:Norway
779:Israel
754:Brazil
655:Hartal
290:
158:
107:
100:
93:
86:
78:
34:, see
4668:PAGAD
4564:SATUC
4557:SARHU
4543:SACTU
4522:NURHS
4480:FNETU
4466:CTSWU
4459:CNETU
4452:BLATU
4334:SAYCO
4222:NUSAS
4103:IDASA
3914:AITUP
3529:Post-
2932:Venda
2561:Crime
2549:Other
2155:(AWB)
1744:(PDF)
1724:(PDF)
1690:, by
784:Malta
665:Bandh
112:JSTOR
98:books
4675:SANF
4605:APLA
4550:SAIF
4529:PAWE
4515:NEUM
4508:MUSA
4473:FCWU
4418:WOSA
4369:TNIP
4327:SASO
4320:SAIC
4306:SABP
4257:PAVN
3991:COSG
3970:CTEG
3963:CNIP
2507:Biko
2323:see
2246:see
2121:see
1839:2011
1801:2015
1752:2021
1696:ISBN
1667:5th
1632:1958
1623:3rd
1593:1953
1584:4th
1549:1948
1536:3rd
1506:1943
1493:4th
1463:1938
1454:4th
1419:1933
1406:3rd
1373:1929
1360:3rd
1330:1924
1321:3rd
1291:1921
1282:4th
1252:1920
1243:4th
1214:1915
1205:3rd
1172:1910
1160:+/–
918:The
759:Fiji
626:WFTU
621:ITUC
217:1958
213:1958
202:1910
198:1910
84:news
4626:BBB
4619:AWB
4612:ARM
4578:UDF
4501:IWW
4494:ICU
4445:BCM
4438:APF
4383:UFP
4285:PRP
4264:PFP
4215:NRP
4208:NPP
4194:NNP
4187:NLP
4173:NCP
4124:ISL
4075:GNP
4047:ECC
4040:DSM
4033:DPP
4005:DLF
3977:COD
3956:CDA
3935:BPC
3928:AVF
3921:APO
2317:Law
2237:and
1398:10
1313:12
1274:17
293:Red
67:by
4747::
4647:MK
4201:NP
4166:NA
4117:IP
4110:ID
4061:FD
4054:FA
3998:CP
2777:c.
2762:c.
2739:c.
2732:c.
1787:.
1772:^
1659:5
1615:1
1576:3
1541:UP
1528:6
1498:UP
1485:1
1446:6
1411:NP
1365:NP
1352:9
1197:4
1154:%
977:.
954:.
926::
332:on
3119:)
3115:(
2775:(
2760:(
2744:)
2737:–
2730:(
2701:e
2694:t
2687:v
2463:"
2459:"
2451:"
2447:"
2444:"
2440:"
1944:e
1937:t
1930:v
1843:.
1841:.
1803:.
1754:.
922:(
907:e
900:t
893:v
219:)
204:)
164:)
160:(
134:)
128:(
123:)
119:(
109:·
102:·
95:·
88:·
61:.
38:.
20:)
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