29:
469:
48:
1072:
1065:
455:
on the mudflats. Farther south along the coast is a representative mangrove community at the deltas of the Rud-e-Gaz and Rud-e-Hara Rivers at Hormuz. This area features tidal creeks, mudflats, and
1058:
28:
1172:
174:
996:
486:, and is part of the Omano-Sindian Subregion. Takhtajan thought it the floristically richest province of the subregion. Endemic and near-endemic plants including the species
1126:
304:). This climate features stable air and high pressure aloft, producing a hot, arid desert. Hot-month temperatures typically average 29–35 °C (84–95 °F).
1021:
113:
1248:
1213:
243:. The region is one of hot sand deserts, shrubland, and open thorn woodlands inland. Mangrove forests and swamps are found along the coast.
1335:
1131:
123:
1167:
118:
1152:
1121:
1106:
251:
The ecoregion stretches for 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) along the northern coast of the
Persian Gulf, from the head of the Gulf at
1223:
913:
298:
1330:
1284:
1279:
1198:
1315:
128:
312:
Most of the ecoregion is dry shrubland interspersed with sandy desert. 8% is herbaceous cover or converted to agriculture.
1228:
1218:
1157:
108:
1193:
1084:
80:
1325:
1320:
1264:
1243:
1203:
939:
103:
1274:
1162:
1116:
779:
574:
472:
735:
352:
283:. Elevations range from sea level to 3,283 metres (10,771 ft), with a mean of 559 metres (1,834 ft).
1101:
407:
397:
393:
522:
498:
1208:
1111:
773:
564:
518:
502:
389:
385:
381:
545:
413:
377:
1238:
702:
556:
530:
526:
678:
568:
534:
320:
1050:
785:
741:
729:
611:
540:
443:
River. This internationally important wetland features brackish sedge marshes dominated by
Bulrush (
340:
280:
560:
791:
720:
714:
708:
635:
363:
63:
1233:
654:
427:
272:
267:. For most of its length, the region reaches 120 km inland, but widen considerably east of the
1294:
973:
747:
696:
468:
1081:
1029:
670:
595:
461:
334:
268:
232:
68:
34:
279:
in southeastern Iran enclosed by mountains. As it enters
Pakistan the ecoregion covers the
688:
The region is important for reptiles and amphibians. Common species are the
Iranian toad (
662:
603:
483:
421:
276:
888:
821:
1147:
1022:"The Herpetofauna of Iran: Checklist of Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Status"
767:
690:
456:
436:
326:
301:
293:
98:
1309:
643:
627:
488:
1289:
507:
479:
256:
228:
843:
763:
Over 7% of the ecoregion is officially protected. These protected areas include:
727:
Endemic species of reptiles and amphibians include
Blanford's short-toed gecko (
1033:
958:. University of California Press, Berkeley. QK 101.T313 1986 ISBN 0-520-04027-9
47:
619:
189:
176:
1269:
1087:
224:
752:
587:
401:
260:
240:
162:
451:
445:
264:
865:
459:. At the mouths of the rivers are extensive stands of grey mangrove (
315:
Various tropical desert plant communities are found here, including:
252:
997:"Shadegan marshes and tidal mudflats of Khor-al Amaya and Khor Musa"
235:
of Iran. The region also has extensions reaching into southeastern
969:"Shadegan Marshes & mudflats of Khor-al Amaya & Khor Musa"
467:
440:
75:
968:
887:
Kottek, M.; Grieser, J.; Beck, C.; Rudolf, B.; Rubel, F. (2006).
236:
158:
154:
38:
1054:
889:"World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated"
227:(WWF ID: PA1328) covers the northern coastal plain of the
1173:
Red Sea Nubo–Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert
1257:
1186:
1140:
1094:
210:
205:
168:
150:
142:
137:
86:
74:
62:
57:
21:
844:"South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert"
822:"South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert"
478:The ecoregion corresponds to the South Iranian
1178:South Iran Nubo–Sindian desert and semi-desert
940:South Iran Nubo-Sindian Desert and Semi-Desert
222:South Iran Nubo–Sindian desert and semi-desert
22:South Iran Nubo–Sindian desert and semi-desert
1127:Tibesti–Jebel Uweinat montane xeric woodlands
1066:
8:
544:. Other wider-ranging native plants include
950:
948:
1073:
1059:
1051:
935:
933:
931:
914:"Dataset - Koppen climate classifications"
114:Kuh Rud and Eastern Iran montane woodlands
824:. Digital Observatory for Protected Areas
231:and the inland desert hills south of the
146:352,234 km (135,998 sq mi)
1214:Central Afghan Mountains xeric woodlands
942:. One Earth. Accessed 12 February 2023.
804:
96:
816:
814:
812:
810:
808:
18:
1016:
1014:
16:Ecoregion in Iran, Iraq, and Pakistan
7:
1249:Registan–North Pakistan sandy desert
1132:West Saharan montane xeric woodlands
465:), known locally as the Hara tree.
435:At the north end of the Gulf is the
124:Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh
1168:Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert
449:) in the better drained areas, and
119:Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert
1153:Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe
1122:South Saharan steppe and woodlands
1107:North Saharan steppe and woodlands
14:
239:, and eastward into southwestern
1224:Central Asian riparian woodlands
700:), Iranian comb-fingered gecko (
653:Resident breeding birds include
291:The climate of the ecoregion is
46:
27:
1285:Great Lakes Basin desert steppe
1280:Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe
1199:Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert
733:), Jaz murian bent-toed gecko (
52:Ecoregion territory (in purple)
956:Floristic Regions of the World
129:Zagros Mountains forest steppe
1:
1229:Central Asian southern desert
1219:Central Asian northern desert
1158:Central Persian desert basins
1026:Asian Herpetological Research
299:Köppen climate classification
271:. The ecoregion includes the
109:Central Persian desert basins
1336:Deserts and xeric shrublands
1194:Afghan Mountains semi-desert
1085:deserts and xeric shrublands
81:Deserts and xeric shrublands
1265:Alashan Plateau semi-desert
1244:Paropamisus xeric woodlands
1204:Baluchistan xeric woodlands
894:. Gebrüder Borntraeger 2006
846:. World Wildlife Federation
751:), a venomous snake of the
667:Ammomanes cinctura zarudnyi
586:Native mammals include the
575:Schweinfurthia papilionacea
376:Convolvulus acanthocladus,
104:Baluchistan xeric woodlands
1352:
1275:Eastern Gobi desert steppe
1034:10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.140062
1163:Mesopotamian shrub desert
976:Sites Information Service
954:Takhtajan, A. L. (1986).
868:. Resolve, using WWF data
780:Mangrove forests of Qeshm
712:), rock semaphore gecko (
694:), Persian ground agama (
473:Mangrove forests at Qeshm
353:Convolvulus acanthocladus
259:on the southern coast of
45:
26:
999:. Birdlife International
866:"Map of Ecoregions 2017"
736:Mediodactylus sagittifer
247:Location and description
1102:Atlantic coastal desert
770:Wildlife Refuge (Iran).
739:), Iranian worm snake (
408:Forsskaolea tenacissima
394:Cymbopogon schoenanthus
1331:Ecoregions of Pakistan
1209:Caspian lowland desert
1112:Red Sea coastal desert
774:Geno Biosphere Reserve
745:), and Persian krait (
683:Chlamydotis macqueenii
475:
398:Dichanthium foveolatum
255:to the estuary of the
1316:Palearctic ecoregions
1239:Kopet Dag semi-desert
703:Stenodactylus affinis
675:Ptyonoprogne obsoleta
523:Zygophyllum subinerme
499:Diceratella canescens
471:
273:Jaz Murian depression
786:Hingol National Park
742:Xerotyphlops wilsoni
730:Cyrtopodion brevipes
718:), and false cobra (
706:), ocellated skink (
612:Indian grey mongoose
600:Gazella subgutturosa
565:Pycnocycla nodiflora
519:Zygophyllum acerosum
503:Diceratella floccosa
439:on the delta of the
390:Convolvulus spinosus
386:Echiochilon persicum
382:Gymnocarpos decander
281:Makran Coastal Range
792:Mond protected area
721:Rhagerhis moilensis
715:Pristurus rupestris
709:Chalcides ocellatus
659:Pterocles coronatus
636:Persian trident bat
547:Argyrolobium roseum
414:Plocama calycoptera
378:Helianthemum lippii
365:Sphaerocoma hookeri
186: /
1326:Ecoregions of Iraq
1321:Ecoregions of Iran
1234:Kazakh semi-desert
679:MacQueen's bustard
655:crowned sandgrouse
640:Triaenops persicus
557:Crotalaria persica
531:Achillea eriophora
527:Moluccella aucheri
496:) and the species
480:Floristic Province
476:
428:Prosopis cineraria
294:Hot desert climate
1303:
1302:
1295:Taklamakan Desert
1028:(December 2015).
748:Bungarus persicus
697:Trapelus persicus
648:Crocidura susiana
592:Gazella bennettii
569:Salvia mirzayanii
535:Echinops kotschyi
321:Periploca aphylla
218:
217:
1343:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1052:
1045:
1044:
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1018:
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1004:
993:
987:
986:
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965:
959:
952:
943:
937:
926:
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904:
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901:
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893:
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877:
875:
873:
862:
856:
855:
853:
851:
840:
834:
833:
831:
829:
818:
685:) winters here.
671:pale rock martin
596:goitered gazelle
462:Avicennia marina
360:Euphorbia larica
348:Euphorbia larica
335:Euphorbia larica
269:Strait of Hormuz
233:Zagros Mountains
201:
200:
198:
197:
196:
191:
187:
184:
183:
182:
179:
50:
35:Bushehr Province
31:
19:
1351:
1350:
1346:
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859:
849:
847:
842:
841:
837:
827:
825:
820:
819:
806:
801:
761:
759:Protected areas
663:bar-tailed lark
604:African wildcat
584:
541:Iphiona aucheri
494:Zhumeria majdae
484:Armen Takhtajan
422:Vachellia flava
341:Plocama aucheri
310:
289:
277:endorheic basin
263:150 km west of
249:
194:
192:
190:27.25°N 60.75°E
188:
185:
180:
177:
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133:
95:
94:
53:
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1188:
1184:
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1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1148:Arabian Desert
1144:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
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1078:
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1063:
1055:
1047:
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960:
944:
927:
905:
879:
857:
835:
803:
802:
800:
797:
796:
795:
789:
783:
777:
771:
768:Shadegan Ponds
760:
757:
691:Bufotes surdus
650:) is endemic.
616:Urva edwardsii
583:
580:
561:Monsonia nivea
482:identified by
457:mangrove swamp
437:Shadegan Ponds
433:
432:
418:
373:
357:
345:
331:
327:Prunus arabica
309:
306:
288:
285:
248:
245:
216:
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99:Arabian Desert
92:
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84:
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78:
72:
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66:
60:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
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32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
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1128:
1125:
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1120:
1118:
1117:Sahara desert
1115:
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928:
920:September 14,
915:
909:
906:
898:September 14,
890:
883:
880:
872:September 14,
867:
861:
858:
845:
839:
836:
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815:
813:
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693:
692:
686:
684:
680:
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672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
644:Iranian shrew
641:
637:
633:
632:Hyaena hyaena
629:
628:striped hyena
625:
621:
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613:
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581:
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542:
537:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
515:
514:
510:
505:
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500:
495:
491:
490:
489:Salvia majdae
485:
481:
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470:
466:
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447:
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67:
65:
61:
56:
49:
44:
40:
36:
33:Landscape in
30:
25:
20:
1290:Qaidam Basin
1258:Eastern Asia
1187:Central Asia
1177:
1141:Western Asia
1037:. Retrieved
1025:
1001:. Retrieved
991:
979:. Retrieved
972:
963:
955:
918:. Retrieved
916:. World Bank
908:
896:. Retrieved
882:
870:. Retrieved
860:
848:. Retrieved
838:
826:. Retrieved
762:
746:
740:
734:
728:
726:
719:
713:
707:
701:
695:
689:
687:
682:
674:
666:
658:
652:
647:
639:
631:
623:
615:
608:Felis lybica
607:
599:
591:
585:
573:
555:
550:
546:
539:
517:
512:
509:Grewia tenax
508:
497:
493:
487:
477:
460:
450:
444:
434:
426:
420:
412:
406:
375:
368:
364:
359:
351:
347:
339:
333:
325:
319:
314:
311:
292:
290:
257:Hingol River
250:
229:Persian Gulf
221:
219:
206:Conservation
195:27.25; 60.75
1039:October 17,
1003:October 18,
788:(Pakistan).
624:Felis chaus
431:association
417:association
372:association
356:association
344:association
330:association
193: /
169:Coordinates
1310:Categories
1088:ecoregions
1082:Palearctic
799:References
620:jungle cat
69:Palearctic
1270:Dzungaria
850:March 21,
828:August 1,
513:makranica
225:ecoregion
211:Protected
138:Geography
981:25 April
755:family.
753:Elapidae
588:chinkara
402:Aristida
261:Pakistan
241:Pakistan
163:Pakistan
794:(Iran).
782:(Iran).
776:(Iran).
669:), and
642:). The
634:), and
549:subsp.
511:subsp.
452:Tamarix
446:Scirpus
369:aucheri
367:subsp.
287:Climate
265:Karachi
181:60°45′E
178:27°15′N
151:Country
87:Borders
58:Ecology
1095:Africa
974:Ramsar
572:, and
551:roseum
538:, and
492:(syn.
411:, and
405:spp.,
253:Abadan
892:(PDF)
582:Fauna
441:Karun
308:Flora
302:(BWh)
275:, an
214:7.48%
76:Biome
64:Realm
1041:2020
1005:2020
983:2018
922:2019
900:2019
874:2019
852:2020
830:2020
237:Iraq
220:The
159:Iraq
155:Iran
143:Area
93:List
39:Iran
1030:doi
724:).
677:).
661:),
626:),
618:),
610:),
602:),
594:),
563:,
1312::
1024:.
1013:^
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947:^
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578:.
567:,
559:,
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529:,
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521:,
516:,
506:,
501:,
425:–
400:,
396:,
392:,
388:,
384:,
380:,
362:–
350:–
338:–
324:–
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157:,
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1032::
1007:.
985:.
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902:.
876:.
854:.
832:.
681:(
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638:(
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622:(
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590:(
297:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
