150:
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479:, entered a phase of experimentation based on progressive theories of learning. At the same time, the state expanded the primary and secondary school system, and introduced night schools for working adults. The quality of higher education was affected by admissions policy that preferred entrants from the proletarian class over those from bourgeois backgrounds, regardless of the applicants' qualifications.
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782:
458:
period was a time of relative freedom and experimentation for the social and cultural life of the Soviet Union. The government tolerated a variety of trends in these fields, provided they were not overtly hostile towards the establishment. In art and literature, numerous schools, some traditional and
439:
passed through several stages during the country's 69-year existence. It was contributed to by people of various nationalities from every one of fifteen union republics, although the majority of the influence was made by the
Russians. The Soviet state supported cultural institutions, but also carried
467:
were active during this time, but other authors, many of whose works were later repressed, published work lacking socialist political content. Film, as a means of influencing a largely illiterate society, received encouragement from the state; much of cinematographer
453:
The main feature of communist attitudes towards the arts and artists in the years 1918–1929 was relative freedom, with significant experimentation in several different styles in an effort to find a distinctive Soviet style of art. In many respects, the
553:
was also condemned by the government, although she notably refused the opportunity to escape to the West. During the time when the Party was trying to make Soviet government more palatable to
Ukrainians, a great deal of national
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Greater experimentation in art forms became permissible in the 1970s, with the result that more sophisticated and subtly critical work began to be produced. The government loosened the strictures of
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created a possibility for the evolution of various forms of non-formal, underground and dissident art; still repressed, but no longer under the immediate threat of imprisonment.
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concerned themselves with problems of daily life rather than with building socialism. In music, although the state continued to frown on such
Western phenomena as
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and cultural development was tolerated. After this short period of the renaissance of
Ukrainian literature ended, more than 250 Ukrainian writers died during the
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1304:
917:
577:
In addition to literature, musical expression was also repressed during the Stalin era, and at times the music of many Soviet composers was banned altogether.
970:
52:
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1459:
943:
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Valentin
Tostykh (2008). "Ренессанс и советская культура: общность противоречий" [Renaissance and Soviet culture: commonality of contradictions].
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experienced a particularly long and complex relationship with Stalin, during which his music was denounced and prohibited twice, in 1936 and 1948 (see
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reform movement within the
Russian Orthodox Church in hopes that it would undermine faith in the church, but the movement died out in the late-1920s.
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Were Jeans Really
Illegal in the Soviet Union? The Surprising History of Denim Smuggling Under the Iron Curtain
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was published only in 1966. Many writers were imprisoned and killed, or died of starvation, examples being
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663:, widely popular in the Soviet Union, was denied official recognition because of his iconoclastic lyrics.
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did not live in the Soviet Union, his music was officially considered formalist and anti-Soviet.
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and some of them were published later. Books were removed from libraries and destroyed.
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were characterized by the rise and domination of the government-imposed style of
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In family life, attitudes generally became more permissive. The state legalized
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Under NEP, the state eased its active persecution of religion begun during
17:
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Bibliography of the
Russian Revolution and Civil War § Social history
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but continued to agitate on behalf of atheism. The party supported the
895:
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In the late Soviet Union, Soviet popular culture was characterized by
684:
Bibliography of the Post
Stalinist Soviet Union § Social history
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In arts, the liberalization of all aspects of life starting from the
2082:
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Bibliography of
Stalinism and the Soviet Union § Social history
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worked as a caretaker and was not allowed to publish. The work of
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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647:; thus, for instance, many protagonists of the novels of author
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others radically experimental, proliferated. Communist writers
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853:Свободное слово. Интеллектуальная хроника: Альманах 2007/2008
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were not repressed, although the full text of his novel
570:. Texts of imprisoned authors were confiscated by the
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59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1775:Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences
640:and subsequently exiled from the Soviet Union.
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613:fascination with the Western popular culture
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8:
858:Free word. Intellectual chronicle: 2007/2008
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119:Learn how and when to remove this message
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944:Index of Soviet Union–related articles
719:Index of Soviet Union-related articles
633:One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
776:
774:
772:
770:
472:'s best work dates from this period.
7:
729:List of Russian-language playwrights
57:adding citations to reliable sources
892:, Russian and Soviet film database
724:List of Russian-language novelists
171:Great October Socialist Revolution
25:
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780:
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33:
44:needs additional citations for
2858:British Indian Ocean Territory
734:List of Russian-language poets
566:(1901–1937), in the so-called
1:
1607:Political abuse of psychiatry
1399:Congress of People's Deputies
816:www.encyclopediaofukraine.com
793:Soviet Union: A Country Study
68:"Culture of the Soviet Union"
744:Religion in the Soviet Union
593:had similar cases. Although
2927:Culture of the Soviet Union
1770:Academy of Medical Sciences
714:Fashion in the Soviet Union
475:Education, under Commissar
143:Culture of the Soviet Union
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709:Family in the Soviet Union
689:Cinema of the Soviet Union
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504:
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798:Federal Research Division
739:Music of the Soviet Union
638:Nobel Prize in Literature
630:, who wrote the critical
2607:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
526:The Master and Margarita
511:Arts during the rule of
2868:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
2061:Soviet Union portal
440:out strict censorship.
394:Soviet Union portal
2163:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1953:Stalinist architecture
1707:Science and technology
1617:Ideological repression
1545:Soviet Airborne Forces
1483:Destruction battalions
864:(in Russian). Moscow:
628:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
615:as exemplified by the
507:Stalinist architecture
153:
1735:List of metro systems
1288:Collective leadership
152:
2782:United Arab Emirates
1697:Net material product
1640:Censorship of images
1557:Political repression
1517:Soviet Border Troops
1450:First Deputy Premier
1034:1965 economic reform
1029:Soviet space program
868:. pp. 151–180.
568:Executed Renaissance
341:World Heritage Sites
53:improve this article
2809:limited recognition
2406:States with limited
1765:Academy of Sciences
1580:Population transfer
1524:Soviet Armed Forces
1387:Congress of Soviets
1368:Presidium/Politburo
1332:Soviet anti-Zionism
1181:West Siberian Plain
1059:Revolutions of 1989
996:Great Patriotic War
981:New Economic Policy
579:Dmitri Shostakovich
564:Valerian Pidmohylny
477:Anatoly Lunacharsky
465:Vladimir Mayakovsky
176:Great Patriotic War
2114:Culture of Europe
1410:Military Collegium
1278:Capital punishment
1156:Caucasus Mountains
1069:Post-Soviet states
949:Russian Revolution
704:Culture of Ukraine
694:Culture of Belarus
636:, was awarded the
556:self-determination
154:
2914:
2913:
2851:other territories
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2506:
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2036:Hammer and sickle
1978:and their groups
1976:Soviet dissidents
1755:Communist Academy
1672:Economic planning
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1541:Soviet Air Forces
1460:Security services
1380:General Secretary
1363:Central Committee
1305:Political parties
1237:Brezhnev Doctrine
1232:Foreign relations
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1130:Autonomous okrugs
1044:Soviet–Afghan War
1024:Sino-Soviet split
966:Russian Civil War
875:978-5-9540-0130-3
699:Culture of Russia
661:Vladimir Vysotsky
645:socialist realism
601:Late Soviet Union
591:Aram Khachaturian
517:socialist realism
470:Sergei Eisenstein
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16:(Redirected from
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2549:Sovereign states
2541:Culture of Asia
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521:Mikhail Bulgakov
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844:Further reading
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812:"Ukrainization"
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535:Osip Mandelstam
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787:public domain
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543:Boris Pilnyak
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531:Daniil Kharms
528:
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513:Joseph Stalin
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488:Living Church
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70: –
69:
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64:Find sources:
58:
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48:
47:
42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
2847:Dependencies
2777:Turkmenistan
2742:Saudi Arabia
2435:Transnistria
2397:Vatican City
2052:
1887:
1824:Demographics
1814:Antisemitism
1667:Central Bank
1585:Forced labor
1533:Spetsnaz GRU
1353:organisation
1261:Human rights
1210:Constitution
1093:Subdivisions
971:Russian SFSR
927:Soviet Union
857:
852:
830:
819:. Retrieved
815:
806:
792:
642:
631:
621:
610:
576:
524:
510:
492:
481:
474:
452:
436:Soviet Union
433:
431:
366:Coat of arms
253:Architecture
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
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1395:(1938–1991)
1389:(1922–1936)
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2265:Luxembourg
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1780:Sharashkas
1714:(currency)
1692:Inventions
1635:Censorship
1565:Red Terror
1249:Government
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1106:Autonomous
1039:Stagnation
1002:Evacuation
821:2019-06-30
761:References
617:blue jeans
605:See also:
505:See also:
501:Stalin era
314:Propaganda
309:Censorship
299:Television
269:Literature
201:Traditions
79:newspapers
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2017:Republics
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1512:Chairmen
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607:Sixtiers
495:abortion
225:Religion
136:a series
134:Part of
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2000:Anthem
1948:Sports
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1341:Bodies
929:topics
872:
860:]
789:.
304:Cinema
187:People
138:on the
95:
88:
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862:(PDF)
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870:ISBN
657:rock
655:and
653:jazz
589:and
572:NKVD
541:and
463:and
432:The
361:Flag
72:news
2849:and
1507:KGB
1502:MGB
1490:MVD
1473:GPU
1273:Law
585:).
456:NEP
258:Art
246:Art
55:by
2923::
1539:•
1535:•
814:.
796:.
769:^
545:.
537:,
533:,
2533:e
2526:t
2519:v
2106:e
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1543:/
1531:/
919:e
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800:.
421:e
414:t
407:v
122:)
116:(
111:)
107:(
97:·
90:·
83:·
76:·
49:.
20:)
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