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1204:. Unlike earlier stories of space adventure, which either related the invasion of Earth by extraterrestrials, or concentrated on the invention of a space vehicle by a genius inventor, pure space opera simply took space travel for granted (usually by setting the story in the far future), skipped the preliminaries, and launched straight into tales of derring-do among the stars. Early stories of this type include
919:
4755:
1034:... colorful, dramatic, large-scale science fiction adventure, competently and sometimes beautifully written, usually focused on a sympathetic, heroic central character and plot action, and usually set in the relatively distant future, and in space or on other worlds, characteristically optimistic in tone. It often deals with war, piracy, military virtues, and very large-scale action, large stakes.
1586:
40:
986:. Tucker defined space opera as the science fiction equivalent: A "hacky, grinding, stinking, outworn, spaceship yarn". Fans and critics have noted that the plots of space operas have sometimes been taken from horse operas and simply translated into an outer space environment, as famously parodied on the back cover of the first issue of
1042:
True space opera is epic in scale and personal with characters. It is about people taking on something bigger than themselves and their struggles to prevail. Though a setting beyond Earth is central, being on a spaceship or visiting another planet isn't the only qualifier. There must also be drama
1356:
emerged and was influenced by it, is darker, moves away from the "triumph of mankind" template of older space opera, involves newer technologies, and has stronger characterization than the space opera of old. While it does retain the interstellar scale and scope of traditional space opera, it can
1360:
The new space opera was a reaction against the old. 'New space opera' proponents claim that the genre centers on character development, fine writing, high literary standards, verisimilitude, and a moral exploration of contemporary social issues. McAuley and
Michael Levy identify
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in the 1930s and 1940s were popular with readers and much imitated by other writers. By the early 1940s, the repetitiousness and extravagance of some of these stories led to objections from some fans and the return of the term in its original and pejorative sense.
1324:, a number of mostly British writers began to reinvent space opera in the 1970s (although most non-British critics tend to dispute the British claim to dominance in the new space opera arena). Significant events in this process include the publication of
1433:. At one extreme, the genre is used to speculate about future wars involving space travel, or the effects of such a war on humans; at the other, it consists of the use of military fiction plots with some superficial science-fiction trappings in
905:
brought a great deal of attention to the sub-genre. After the convention-breaking "new wave", followed by the enormous success of the franchises, space opera became once again a critically acceptable sub-genre. Throughout 1982–2002, the
1103:
Early works which preceded the subgenre contained many elements of what would become space opera. They are today referred to as proto-space opera. Early proto-space opera was written by several 19th century French authors, for example,
1051:", in which the emphasis is on the effects of technological progress and inventions, and where the settings are carefully worked out to obey the laws of physics, cosmology, mathematics, and biology. Examples are seen in the works of
1521:
Westerns. Worlds that have been terraformed may be depicted as presenting similar challenges as that of a frontier settlement in a classic
Western. Six-shooters and horses may be replaced by ray guns and rockets.
935:. Both feature adventures in exotic settings, but space opera emphasizes space travel, while planetary romances focus on alien worlds. In this view, the Martian, Venusian, and lunar-setting stories of
3774:
2810:
1485:
also may emphasize space exploration as “the final frontier”. These
Western themes may be explicit, such as cowboys in outer space, or they can be a more subtle influence in space opera.
1005:
as – paraphrased by
Hartwell and Cramer – "the good old stuff". Yet soon after his redefinition, it began to be challenged, for example, by the editorial practice and marketing of
1248:, August–September 1928). Similar stories by other writers followed through 1929 and 1930. By 1931, the space opera was well established as a major subgenre of science fiction.
2219:
A full description of more than 3,000 science-fiction stories from earliest times to the appearance of the genre magazines in 1930, with author, title, and motif indexes.
2078:
1737:
1317:
in the 1970s. By this time, "space opera" was for many readers no longer a term of insult but a simple description of a particular kind of science fiction adventure story.
931:
Space opera has been defined as "a television or radio drama or motion picture that is a science-fiction adventure story". Some critics distinguish between space opera and
1168:
2803:
1301:
Eventually, though, a fondness for the best examples of the genre led to a re-evaluation of the term and a resurrection of the subgenre's traditions. Writers such as
865:", a melodramatic domestic drama. Space operas emerged in the 1930s and continue to be produced in literature, film, comics, television, video games and board games.
3964:
3090:
1628:
Agafonova, Karina, et al. "How Do People Read
Science Fiction and Why is it Popular: Common Tendencies and Comparative Analysis." CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2021.
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992:. During the late 1920s and early 1930s, when the stories were printed in science-fiction magazines, they were often referred to as "super-science epics".
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1479:. Military science fiction however does not necessarily always include an outer space or multi-planetary setting like space opera and space Western.
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Several subsets of space opera overlap with military science fiction, concentrating on large-scale space battles with futuristic weapons in an
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1441:. The term "military space opera" is occasionally used to denote this subgenre, as used for example by critic Sylvia Kelso when describing
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1185:. However, the idea for the novel arises out of a nationalistic genre of fiction popular from 1880 to 1914 called future-war fiction.
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Letson, Russell; Wolfe, Gary K.; MacLeod, Ken; McAuley, Paul J.; Jones, Gwyneth; Harrison, M. John; Baxter, Stephen (August 2003).
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specialises in space opera and military science fiction, publishing many of the aforementioned authors, who have won Hugo Awards.
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1706:
1475:. That which brings them together under a common denominator is that military science fiction like space opera often concerns an
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Despite this seemingly early beginning, it was not until the late 1920s that the space opera proper began to appear regularly in
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1013:. In particular, they disputed the claims that space operas were obsolete, and Del Rey Books labeled reissues of earlier work of
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Encyclopedia of Weird
Westerns: Supernatural and Science Fiction Elements in Novels, Pulps, Comics, Films, Television and Games
1075:. Other space opera works may be defined as a balance between both or simultaneously hard and soft science fiction such as the
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1271:, is often called the first great space opera. It merges the traditional tale of a scientist inventing a space-drive with
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1352:, which follows some traditional space opera conventions. This "new space opera", which evolved around the same time
387:
1181:. The novel depicts an interstellar conflict between solar men of Earth and a fierce humanoid race headquartered on
1027:. Only in the early 1990s did the term space opera begin to be recognized as a legitimate genre of science fiction.
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as space opera. By the early 1980s, space operas were again redefined, and the label was attached to major
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and sufficiently large scope to elevate a tale from being simply space-based to being real space opera.
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Beginning in the 1960s, and widely accepted by the 1970s, the space opera was redefined, following
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had kept the large-scale space adventure form alive through the 1950s, followed by writers like
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is that the principal characters in a space opera are not military personnel, but civilians or
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Not widely popular, proto-space operas were nevertheless occasionally written during the late
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as the most-notable practitioners of the new space opera. One of the most notable publishers
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1413:. Many series can be considered to belong and fall in two genres or even overlap all like
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974:). At the time, serial radio dramas in the United States had become popularly known as
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1061:. At other times, space opera can concur with hard science fiction and differ from
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2577:"The Emancipation of Bat Durston, or: "I'm from Iowa, I Only Work in Outer Space""
1467:. The key distinction of military science fiction from space opera as part of the
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39:
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Star ou Psi de
Cassiopée: Histoire Merveilleuse de l'un des Mondes de l'Espace
975:
862:
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299:
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885:(1961–) is the most successful space opera book series ever written. The
829:, it features technological and social advancements (or lack thereof) in
806:
606:
498:
94:
1939:
1251:
However, the author cited most often as the true father of the genre is
4664:
4359:
3523:
971:
728:
717:
594:
306:
3403:
1182:
765:
2337:
Levy, Michael (June 2008). "Cyberpunk versus the new space opera".
3486:
3359:
3213:
2693:
Harrison discusses his view of the nature of space opera in depth.
2537:
Bould, Mark; Butler, Andrew; Roberts, Adam; Vint, Sherryl (2009).
917:
850:
1995:. St. Leonards, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. p. 200.
550:
3217:
2792:
1198:. In film, the genre probably began with the 1918 Danish film,
868:
An early film which was based on space-opera comic strips was
2207:. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press. pp. 147–148.
2160:
Science
Fiction Criticism: An anthology of essential writings
1517:: it used frontier towns, horses, and the styling of classic
978:
because many were sponsored by soap manufacturers. The term "
1513:
literalized the
Western aspects of the genre popularized by
2269:(3rd ed.). Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press. p. 56.
1649:(1st ed.). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 36.
1139:
science-fiction era. Examples may be found in the works of
849:, often in fictional galaxies. The term does not refer to
1647:
Space and Beyond: The frontier theme in science fiction
1574:
trilogy parody the conventions of classic space opera.
1267:, August–October 1928), written in collaboration with
3128:
The
Further Interplanetary Adventures of Flash Gordon
3121:
The Amazing Interplanetary Adventures of Flash Gordon
2236:"Future-war fiction: The first main phase, 1871–1900"
1682:
American Sports: A history of icons, idols, and ideas
1451:. Other examples of military space opera include the
2163:. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 133.
1863:
1861:
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4352:
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4042:
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3251:
3185:
3105:
The New Adventures of Dan Dare, Pilot of the Future
3075:
2920:
2827:
2608:Hartwell, David G.; Cramer, Kathryn (August 2003).
1880:. Vol. 1, no. 1. p. 163 (back cover)
1065:by instead focusing on scientific accuracy such as
821:, risk-taking space adventures, relationships, and
2200:
1169:The Struggle for Empire: A Story of the Year 2236
837:, and sophisticated technology, on a backdrop of
1868:Cerutti, Vera; Gold, H.L., eds. (October 1950).
1009:and in the reviews of her husband and colleague
2191:
2189:
2187:
2051:"A.K. DuBoff {Author of Architects of Destiny)"
1047:Space opera can be contrasted in outline with "
1040:
1032:
982:" had also come into use to describe formulaic
2079:"How Timothy Zahn's heir to the empire turned
1959:
1957:
857:", a 1930s phrase for a clichéd and formulaic
3229:
2804:
1707:"Perry Rhodan 35th anniversary Press Release"
956:The term "space opera" was coined in 1941 by
8:
2360:"Space opera strikes up again for a new era"
1495:as a space Western (or more poetically, as “
56:
2476:Murray, Noel; Bowman, Donna (1 June 2012).
2132:(1st ed.). New York, NY: Eos. p.
1991:Turner, Graeme; Cunningham, Stuart (2000).
1826:
1824:
1822:
4221:
4046:
3726:
3560:
3320:
3236:
3222:
3214:
2991:Commando Cody: Sky Marshal of the Universe
2811:
2797:
2789:
2747:The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction
2699:"Special section on 'The New Space Opera'"
2667:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 505–509.
2664:The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction
2540:The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2286:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1334:in 1975 and a "call to arms" editorial by
1038:Author A.K. DuBoff defines space opera as:
1030:Hartwell and Cramer define space opera as:
910:was often given to a space opera nominee.
55:
3051:Captain Video: Master of the Stratosphere
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
1844:(1st ed.). New York, NY: Tor Books.
1636:
1634:
2386:"23 Best Military Science Fiction Books"
1643:"What is this thing called space opera?"
38:
2642:(1996). "Fun with senseless violence".
2449:"A First Showing for 'Star Trek' Pilot"
2332:
2330:
2328:
1621:
703:
476:
61:
3980:Writers and Illustrators of the Future
1924:Sheidlower, Jesse, ed. (6 July 2008).
1739:A History of the Universe in 100 Stars
1736:Freistetter, Florian (15 April 2021).
1711:Perry Rhodan English Language Homepage
964:as a pejorative term in an article in
943:(and among the earliest), as would be
724:Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic
2575:Lilly, Nathan E. (30 December 2009).
2506:"12 Signs It's a Joss Whedon Project"
1980:– via Mid American Conventions.
1172:as the first space opera in his 1990
7:
2661:Sawyer, Andy (2009). "Space Opera".
2022:. Wildside Press. pp. 167–168.
1780:escaped the George Lucas worldview?"
2859:Captain Video and His Video Rangers
2781:The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1932:. Science Fiction Citations in the
1542:Star Smashers of the Galaxy Rangers
922:Back cover of the premier issue of
2967:Flash Gordon Conquers the Universe
2711:"Interview with Alastair Reynolds"
2199:& Bleiler, Richard J. (1990).
2019:The Sex Column and Other Misprints
25:
2685:"Interview with M. John Harrison"
2384:Livingston, Dan (14 March 2015).
2358:Walter, Damien (29 August 2014).
1437:with fictional civilizations and
1357:also be scientifically rigorous.
4753:
4744:
4743:
3328:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
2203:Science-fiction, the Early Years
2157:Latham, Rob (23 February 2017).
2077:Britt, Ryan (28 February 2013).
1584:
1469:space warfare in science fiction
1178:Science-Fiction: The Early Years
3091:Buck Rogers in the 25th Century
2897:Rod Brown of the Rocket Rangers
2723:"Interview with Charles Stross"
2410:Green, Paul (14 October 2009).
1774:Child, Ben (20 February 2017).
1348:; and the financial success of
4705:Science and technology studies
2267:The Overlook Film Encyclopedia
1964:Stokes, Keith (January 1941).
1492:Star Trek: The Original Series
1236:(1925), and Edmond Hamilton's
1:
2691:. No. 12. December 2003.
1888:– via Internet Archive.
140:Legend of the Galactic Heroes
2321:– via Wayback Machine.
1507:and its cinematic follow-up
1342:in the Summer 1984 issue of
1255:. His first published work,
1208:'s "Invaders from Outside" (
825:. Set mainly or entirely in
382:The Chronicle of the Fallers
32:Space Opera (disambiguation)
4786:Fiction about space warfare
4249:Space stations and habitats
3059:Zombies of the Stratosphere
2960:Flash Gordon's Trip to Mars
2644:The Silence of the Langford
1841:The Space Opera Renaissance
1776:"A modern space opera: Has
1645:. In Westfahl, Gary (ed.).
1439:fictional extraterrestrials
440:Remembrance of Earth's Past
27:Subgenre of science fiction
4822:
4791:History of science fiction
3001:The Purple Monster Strikes
2751:Cambridge University Press
2729:. No. 8. August 2003.
2717:. No. 8. August 2003.
2457:. 22 July 1986. p. 18
1968:. Depts. of the interior.
1684:. Greenwood. p. 310.
1610:Space opera in Scientology
1592:Speculative fiction portal
319:Saga of the Skolian Empire
109:, and sequels/prequels by
29:
4738:
4695:Museum of Science Fiction
4640:Christian science fiction
4604:Self-replicating machines
3563:
3323:
3035:Flying Disc Man from Mars
2890:Rocky Jones, Space Ranger
1935:Oxford English Dictionary
1600:List of space opera media
1218:Amazing Stories Quarterly
908:Hugo Award for Best Novel
795:List of space opera media
411:Familias Regnant universe
331:Revelation Space universe
3203:Military science fiction
3175:Tom Corbett, Space Cadet
2866:Tom Corbett, Space Cadet
2745:; James, Edward (eds.).
2340:Voice of Youth Advocates
2016:Langford, David (2005).
1972:. No. 36. p. 9
1870:"You'll never see it in
1605:Military science fiction
1285:series and the works of
947:'s Burroughs-influenced
831:faster-than-light travel
388:The Night's Dawn Trilogy
4573:Artificial intelligence
4471:Simulated consciousness
2984:Radar Men from the Moon
2610:"Space opera redefined"
2240:Science Fiction Studies
1641:Pringle, David (2000).
1536:Bill, the Galactic Hero
1405:Definitions by contrast
1157:Science fiction scholar
511:Space Battleship Yamato
428:Zones of Thought series
122:Alliance-Union universe
4801:Science fiction genres
4796:Science fiction themes
4725:Technology and society
3593:Science Fiction Museum
3018:King of the Rocket Men
1993:The Australian TV Book
1045:
1036:
989:Galaxy Science Fiction
928:
733:Obsidian Entertainment
628:J. Michael Straczynski
343:The Saga of Seven Suns
53:
4324:Organ transplantation
3583:Libraries and museums
3504:Cyberpunk derivatives
3458:Utopian and dystopian
3193:Science fiction opera
2478:"Firefly: "Serenity""
2390:The Best Sci Fi Books
2303:"Junk yard universes"
2083:into science fiction"
1705:Rastatt (July 1996).
1571:Laugh It Up, Fuzzball
1234:Tarrano the Conqueror
921:
891:TV series (1966–) by
598:franchise created by
542:franchise created by
530:franchise created by
42:
4675:Fictional technology
4670:Fictional astronauts
4527:Frankenstein complex
2511:Entertainment Weekly
2265:Hardy, Phil (1995).
1454:Battlestar Galactica
1443:Lois McMaster Bujold
1320:According to author
1277:Edgar Rice Burroughs
1258:The Skylark of Space
1063:soft science fiction
1058:The Last Starfighter
1049:hard science fiction
937:Edgar Rice Burroughs
579:Battlestar Galactica
469:Christopher Ruocchio
352:by Kevin J. Anderson
255:Galactic Center Saga
230:Stephen R. Donaldson
157:Lois McMaster Bujold
57:Space opera examples
30:For other uses, see
4715:Speculative fiction
4309:Genetic engineering
2822:serials (1930–1960)
2197:Bleiler, Everett F.
2129:The New Space Opera
1926:"Planetary romance"
1416:Ender's Game series
1331:The Centauri Device
1220:, spring 1928) and
1164:Robert William Cole
970:(a science fiction
781:Edward E. Simbalist
744:Relic Entertainment
560:Jeffrey Hirschfield
520:Yoshinobu Nishizaki
477:Television and film
349:The Saga of Shadows
279:The Sten Chronicles
237:Ender's Game series
58:
4542:Message from space
4507:Ancient astronauts
4395:Parallel universes
4370:Extrasolar planets
4277:Biological warfare
3399:Parallel universes
3281:Scientific romance
3138:Journey into Space
3025:Lost Planet Airmen
2518:on 22 January 2014
2454:The New York Times
1832:Hartwell, David G.
1459:Robert A. Heinlein
1228:, February 1929),
1145:Garrett P. Serviss
1126:Camille Flammarion
1110:Nicolas-Edme RĂ©tif
1091:series created by
1079:prequel series by
1002:Space Opera (1974)
941:planetary romances
929:
835:futuristic weapons
504:Rockne S. O'Bannon
128:Foreigner universe
54:
4768:
4767:
4660:Alternate history
4648:
4647:
4609:Simulated reality
4339:Sex and sexuality
4292:Extraterrestrials
4211:
4210:
4038:
4037:
4034:
4033:
3775:Campbell Memorial
3552:
3551:
3421:Planetary romance
3211:
3210:
3198:Planetary romance
2743:Mendlesohn, Farah
2674:978-0-415-45378-3
2234:(November 1997).
2124:Strahan, Jonathan
1966:"Suggestion dept"
1942:on 8 January 2008
1464:Starship Troopers
1435:fictional planets
1387:Peter F. Hamilton
1375:Alastair Reynolds
1307:Gordon R. Dickson
1273:planetary romance
1269:Lee Hawkins Garby
1253:E. E. "Doc" Smith
1222:The Star Stealers
1212:, January 1925),
1081:Kevin J. Anderson
1053:Alastair Reynolds
1007:Judy-Lynn del Rey
933:planetary romance
901:films (1977–) by
843:interstellar wars
823:chivalric romance
800:
799:
787:and Phil McGregor
675:The Fifth Element
393:Peter F. Hamilton
370:Commonwealth Saga
363:James S. A. Corey
336:Alastair Reynolds
115:Kevin J. Anderson
83:E. E. "Doc" Smith
16:(Redirected from
4813:
4806:1940s neologisms
4757:
4747:
4746:
4585:Astroengineering
4517:Evil corporation
4244:Matrioshka brain
4222:
4161:List of TV shows
4047:
3727:
3561:
3431:Sword and planet
3321:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3215:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2790:
2785:
2764:
2730:
2718:
2706:
2692:
2678:
2657:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2589:on 14 March 2014
2585:. Archived from
2582:Strange Horizons
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2514:. Archived from
2504:Franch, Darren.
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2420:. pp. 3–4.
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2334:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2309:. Archived from
2298:
2281:
2280:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2206:
2193:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2116:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2089:. Archived from
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1938:. Archived from
1930:Jesse Sheidlower
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1828:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1717:on 30 April 2008
1713:. Archived from
1702:
1696:
1695:
1678:Nelson, Murry R.
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1638:
1629:
1626:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1501:to the stars”).
1487:Gene Roddenberry
1477:interstellar war
1421:Orson Scott Card
1411:interstellar war
1371:M. John Harrison
1326:M. John Harrison
1311:M. John Harrison
1291:John W. Campbell
1279:. Smith's later
1275:in the style of
1214:The Second Swarm
1118:C. I. Defontenay
1073:Scott Westerfeld
1068:The Risen Empire
999:' definition in
893:Gene Roddenberry
847:fictional aliens
839:galactic empires
813:that emphasizes
532:Gene Roddenberry
464:Sun Eater series
248:Orson Scott Card
205:Cadicle Universe
59:
21:
4821:
4820:
4816:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4764:
4763:
4734:
4710:Sense of wonder
4644:
4628:
4561:
4557:Xenoarchaeology
4532:Galactic empire
4487:Africanfuturism
4475:
4444:
4348:
4263:
4207:
4147:
4126:
4090:
4030:
3989:
3752:
3746:
3718:
3612:
3548:
3498:
3475:Techno-thriller
3443:Climate fiction
3411:Science fantasy
3365:Anime and manga
3312:
3271:Anthropological
3247:
3245:Science fiction
3242:
3212:
3207:
3181:
3071:
3066:The Lost Planet
2916:
2823:
2817:
2774:
2771:
2761:
2753:. p. 197.
2733:
2721:
2709:
2696:
2683:
2675:
2660:
2654:
2646:. NESFA Press.
2638:
2635:
2633:Further reading
2630:
2629:
2619:
2617:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2592:
2590:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2547:. p. 508.
2536:
2535:
2531:
2521:
2519:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2488:
2486:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2368:
2366:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2313:on 7 April 2014
2301:McAuley, Paul.
2300:
2299:
2284:
2277:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2215:
2195:
2194:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2120:Dozois, Gardner
2118:
2117:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2093:on 16 June 2015
2076:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2003:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1945:
1943:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1878:Galaxy Magazine
1867:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1836:Cramer, Kathryn
1830:
1829:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1718:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1640:
1639:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1590:
1583:
1580:
1528:
1448:Vorkosigan Saga
1407:
1340:Colin Greenland
1322:Paul J. McAuley
1295:Jack Williamson
1287:Edmond Hamilton
1264:Amazing Stories
1195:Amazing Stories
1149:George Griffith
1101:
1019:popular culture
950:Eric John Stark
925:Galaxy Magazine
916:
811:science fiction
651:Lavender Castle
640:Joseph Mallozzi
612:Roland Emmerich
588:Ronald D. Moore
516:Leiji Matsumoto
324:Catherine Asaro
295:Uplift Universe
260:Gregory Benford
243:Homecoming Saga
188:Hyperion Cantos
164:Galactic Empire
152:Vorkosigan Saga
62:Written fiction
45:sci-fi magazine
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4819:
4817:
4809:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4773:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4751:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4700:Rubber science
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4680:Future history
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4636:
4634:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4502:Alien language
4499:
4497:Alien invasion
4494:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4461:Mind uploading
4458:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4319:Nanotechnology
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4273:
4271:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4261:
4256:
4254:Stellar engine
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4230:
4228:
4219:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4193:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4157:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4127:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4055:
4053:
4044:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3756:
3754:
3751:Literary, art,
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3724:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3374:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3330:
3324:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3257:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3218:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3189:
3187:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3163:
3162:
3155:
3152:Orbit One Zero
3148:
3141:
3133:
3132:
3124:
3109:
3108:
3094:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3029:
3021:
3012:
3011:
3008:Brick Bradford
3004:
2996:
2995:
2987:
2972:
2971:
2963:
2956:
2941:
2940:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2907:
2900:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2871:
2870:
2862:
2847:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2770:
2769:External links
2767:
2766:
2765:
2759:
2735:Westfahl, Gary
2731:
2719:
2707:
2694:
2680:
2679:
2673:
2658:
2652:
2640:Langford, Dave
2634:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2600:
2567:
2553:
2529:
2496:
2468:
2440:
2426:
2402:
2376:
2350:
2324:
2282:
2275:
2257:
2223:
2213:
2183:
2169:
2149:
2142:
2104:
2069:
2042:
2028:
2008:
2001:
1983:
1953:
1916:
1904:Dictionary.com
1891:
1857:
1850:
1798:
1766:
1752:
1728:
1697:
1691:978-0313397523
1690:
1669:
1656:978-0313308468
1655:
1630:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1579:
1576:
1531:Harry Harrison
1527:
1524:
1461:'s 1959 novel
1457:franchise and
1406:
1403:
1395:Justina Robson
1367:Stephen Baxter
1190:pulp magazines
1174:reference work
1100:
1097:
1021:works such as
1015:Leigh Brackett
1011:Lester del Rey
945:Leigh Brackett
915:
912:
817:, with use of
798:
797:
791:
790:
789:
788:
785:A. Mark Ratner
772:
770:343 Industries
757:
746:
735:
720:
706:
705:
701:
700:
699:
698:
682:
670:
658:
656:Gerry Anderson
646:
630:
618:
602:
600:ShĹŤji Kawamori
590:
584:Glen A. Larson
574:
562:
546:
534:
522:
506:
494:
479:
478:
474:
473:
472:
471:
459:
457:David Feintuch
447:
435:
423:
421:Elizabeth Moon
407:
400:Imperial Radch
395:
365:
353:
338:
326:
314:
302:
290:
274:
272:Simon R. Green
262:
250:
232:
220:
208:
207:by A.K. DuBoff
201:
183:
176:Culture series
171:
159:
147:
145:Yoshiki Tanaka
135:
117:
97:
85:
78:Lensman series
72:Skylark series
64:
63:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4818:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4750:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4690:Magic realism
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4651:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4566:Technological
4564:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4547:Transhumanism
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4522:First contact
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4449:Psychological
4447:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4420:Teleportation
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4400:Portable hole
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4226:Architectural
4223:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4204:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4129:
4123:
4122:Short stories
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4041:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3945:Tähtivaeltaja
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3749:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3555:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3463:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3405:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3397:
3393:
3392:Space Western
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3377:Space warfare
3375:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3234:
3232:
3227:
3225:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3170:
3169:Captain Video
3165:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3076:Radio serials
3074:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3045:Captain Video
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2979:
2978:Commando Cody
2974:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2921:Movie serials
2919:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2904:Space Command
2901:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2853:Captain Video
2849:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2821:
2814:
2809:
2807:
2802:
2800:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2776:"Space opera"
2773:
2772:
2768:
2762:
2760:9780521016575
2756:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2739:"Space Opera"
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2705:. No. 8.
2704:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2659:
2655:
2653:0-915368-62-5
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2615:
2611:
2604:
2601:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2571:
2568:
2556:
2554:9781135228361
2550:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2533:
2530:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2500:
2497:
2485:
2484:
2483:The A.V. Club
2479:
2472:
2469:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2429:
2427:9780786458004
2423:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2406:
2403:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2377:
2365:
2361:
2354:
2351:
2347:(2): 132–133.
2346:
2342:
2341:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2268:
2261:
2258:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2205:
2204:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2172:
2170:9781474248624
2166:
2162:
2161:
2153:
2150:
2145:
2143:9780060846756
2139:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2082:
2073:
2070:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2031:
2029:9781930997783
2025:
2021:
2020:
2012:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1987:
1984:
1971:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1917:
1905:
1901:
1900:"Space-opera"
1895:
1892:
1879:
1875:
1873:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1770:
1767:
1755:
1753:9781529410136
1749:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1732:
1729:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1670:
1658:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1483:Space Western
1480:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1363:Iain M. Banks
1358:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1337:
1336:David Pringle
1333:
1332:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1315:C. J. Cherryh
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:Poul Anderson
1299:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:Crashing Suns
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1160:E. F. Bleiler
1158:
1154:
1153:Robert Cromie
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1106:Les Posthumes
1098:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:Brian Herbert
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1055:or the movie
1054:
1050:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:
998:
993:
991:
990:
985:
984:Western films
981:
977:
973:
969:
968:
963:
962:Wilson Tucker
959:
954:
952:
951:
946:
942:
938:
934:
927:
926:
920:
913:
911:
909:
904:
900:
899:
894:
890:
889:
884:
883:
878:
875:, created by
874:
872:
866:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
815:space warfare
812:
808:
804:
796:
793:
792:
786:
782:
778:
777:
773:
771:
767:
763:
762:
758:
756:
752:
751:
747:
745:
741:
740:
736:
734:
730:
726:
725:
721:
719:
715:
714:
710:
709:
708:
707:
702:
697:
693:
689:
688:
683:
681:
677:
676:
671:
669:
665:
664:
659:
657:
653:
652:
647:
645:
641:
637:
636:
631:
629:
625:
624:
619:
617:
613:
609:
608:
603:
601:
597:
596:
591:
589:
585:
581:
580:
575:
573:
569:
568:
563:
561:
557:
553:
552:
547:
545:
541:
540:
535:
533:
529:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
512:
507:
505:
501:
500:
495:
493:
489:
488:
483:
482:
481:
480:
475:
470:
466:
465:
460:
458:
454:
453:
448:
446:
442:
441:
436:
434:
430:
429:
424:
422:
418:
417:
412:
408:
406:
402:
401:
396:
394:
390:
389:
384:
383:
378:
377:
372:
371:
366:
364:
360:
359:
354:
351:
350:
345:
344:
339:
337:
333:
332:
327:
325:
321:
320:
315:
313:
312:Frederik Pohl
309:
308:
303:
301:
297:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
280:
275:
273:
269:
268:
263:
261:
257:
256:
251:
249:
245:
244:
239:
238:
233:
231:
227:
226:
225:The Gap Cycle
221:
219:
215:
214:
209:
206:
202:
200:
196:
195:
194:Ilium/Olympus
190:
189:
184:
182:
181:Iain M. Banks
178:
177:
172:
170:
166:
165:
160:
158:
154:
153:
148:
146:
142:
141:
136:
134:
133:C. J. Cherryh
130:
129:
124:
123:
118:
116:
112:
111:Brian Herbert
108:
107:Frank Herbert
104:
103:
98:
96:
92:
91:
86:
84:
80:
79:
74:
73:
68:
67:
66:
65:
60:
51:
50:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4720:Supernatural
4492:Afrofuturism
4405:Space travel
4314:Invisibility
4282:Energy being
4259:Terraforming
4239:Dyson sphere
4234:Colonization
4166:Australasian
4059:Film history
3840:Grand Master
3386:
3173:
3167:
3159:Space Patrol
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3126:
3119:
3115:Flash Gordon
3113:
3103:
3097:
3089:
3083:
3064:
3057:
3049:
3043:
3033:
3023:
3016:
3006:
2999:
2989:
2982:
2976:
2965:
2958:
2953:Flash Gordon
2951:
2947:Flash Gordon
2945:
2934:
2928:
2911:Space Patrol
2909:
2903:
2895:
2888:
2883:Flash Gordon
2881:
2876:Captain Z-Ro
2874:
2864:
2857:
2851:
2841:
2834:
2819:
2779:
2746:
2726:
2714:
2702:
2688:
2663:
2643:
2618:. Retrieved
2613:
2603:
2591:. Retrieved
2587:the original
2580:
2570:
2558:. Retrieved
2539:
2532:
2520:. Retrieved
2516:the original
2509:
2499:
2487:. Retrieved
2481:
2471:
2459:. Retrieved
2452:
2443:
2431:. Retrieved
2412:
2405:
2393:. Retrieved
2389:
2379:
2367:. Retrieved
2364:The Guardian
2363:
2353:
2344:
2338:
2315:. Retrieved
2311:the original
2307:Paul McAuley
2306:
2266:
2260:
2248:. Retrieved
2243:
2239:
2232:Clarke, I.F.
2226:
2218:
2202:
2174:. Retrieved
2159:
2152:
2127:
2095:. Retrieved
2091:the original
2086:
2080:
2072:
2060:. Retrieved
2054:
2045:
2033:. Retrieved
2018:
2011:
1992:
1986:
1974:. Retrieved
1969:
1944:. Retrieved
1940:the original
1933:
1929:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1903:
1894:
1882:. Retrieved
1877:
1871:
1839:
1789:. Retrieved
1785:The Guardian
1783:
1777:
1769:
1757:. Retrieved
1738:
1731:
1719:. Retrieved
1715:the original
1710:
1700:
1681:
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1646:
1624:
1569:
1562:
1558:Galaxy Quest
1556:
1550:
1540:
1534:
1529:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1481:
1473:paramilitary
1462:
1452:
1446:
1424:
1414:
1408:
1359:
1349:
1343:
1329:
1319:
1300:
1280:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1238:Across Space
1237:
1233:
1230:Ray Cummings
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1206:J. Schlossel
1201:Himmelskibet
1199:
1193:
1187:
1176:
1167:
1130:
1121:
1113:
1105:
1102:
1093:George Lucas
1088:
1076:
1066:
1056:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1000:
997:Brian Aldiss
994:
987:
965:
955:
948:
940:
930:
923:
903:George Lucas
896:
886:
882:Perry Rhodan
880:
877:Alex Raymond
871:Flash Gordon
870:
867:
859:Western film
819:melodramatic
802:
801:
774:
759:
748:
737:
722:
711:
685:
673:
661:
649:
633:
621:
605:
593:
577:
572:Terry Nation
565:
556:Lex Gigeroff
549:
544:George Lucas
537:
525:
509:
497:
492:Alex Raymond
487:Flash Gordon
485:
462:
452:Seafort Saga
450:
438:
433:Vernor Vinge
426:
414:
410:
398:
386:
380:
376:Void Trilogy
374:
368:
356:
347:
341:
329:
317:
305:
293:
277:
267:Deathstalker
265:
253:
241:
235:
223:
211:
204:
192:
186:
174:
169:Isaac Asimov
162:
150:
138:
126:
120:
100:
88:
76:
70:
47:
36:
18:Space operas
4781:Space opera
4578:AI takeover
4425:Time travel
4385:Inertialess
4375:Force field
4365:Black holes
4334:Prosthetics
4196:Live-action
3965:Translation
3960:Tour-Apollo
3835:Golden Duck
3737:Jules Verne
3603:Women in SF
3568:Conventions
3453:Libertarian
3416:Dying Earth
3387:Space opera
3355:Inner space
3266:Definitions
3085:Buck Rogers
2936:Buck Rogers
2930:Buck Rogers
2843:Buck Rogers
2820:Space opera
2317:28 November
2250:28 November
2062:27 November
1498:Wagon Train
1431:David Weber
1383:Ken MacLeod
1246:Weird Tales
1240:(1926) and
1226:Weird Tales
1210:Weird Tales
980:horse opera
976:soap operas
960:and author
914:Definitions
855:horse opera
851:opera music
827:outer space
803:Space opera
776:Space Opera
713:Mass Effect
692:Mark Fergus
687:The Expanse
668:Olan Rogers
663:Final Space
644:Paul Mullie
635:Dark Matter
616:Dean Devlin
416:Vatta's War
358:The Expanse
288:Chris Bunch
218:Larry Niven
213:Known Space
199:Dan Simmons
52:, June 1956
49:Imagination
4775:Categories
4614:Spacecraft
4590:Holography
4456:Group mind
4435:Warp drive
4390:Multiverse
4380:Hyperspace
4269:Biological
4153:Television
4117:Publishers
4095:Literature
3994:Multimedia
3910:Prometheus
3845:Grand Prix
3760:Astounding
3624:Australian
3529:Dieselpunk
3494:Underwater
3293:Golden Age
2836:Atom Squad
2620:8 February
2369:13 January
2276:0879516267
2214:0873384164
2002:1741153727
1909:20 January
1851:0765306174
1759:6 November
1721:6 November
1616:References
1564:Family Guy
1552:Spaceballs
1547:Mel Brooks
1489:described
1426:Honorverse
1399:Baen Books
1391:Ann Leckie
1141:Percy Greg
1124:(1872) by
1116:(1854) by
1108:(1802) by
958:fan writer
863:soap opera
750:Eve Online
696:Hawk Ostby
680:Luc Besson
405:Ann Leckie
300:David Brin
284:Allan Cole
90:Grand Tour
4633:Religious
4344:Symbiosis
4329:Parasites
4287:Evolution
4107:Magazines
4084:Tokusatsu
3865:Kitschies
3795:Deutscher
3753:and audio
3730:Cinematic
3684:Norwegian
3674:Hungarian
3634:Brazilian
3544:Steampunk
3539:Solarpunk
3512:Cyberpunk
3482:Tokusatsu
3465:Tech noir
3448:Christian
3426:Superhero
3317:Subgenres
3145:Orbiter X
2828:TV series
2593:4 January
2560:4 January
2545:Routledge
2522:4 January
2489:4 January
2461:4 January
2433:4 January
2418:McFarland
2081:Star Wars
2056:Goodreads
1970:Le Zombie
1778:Star Wars
1519:John Ford
1515:Star Trek
1381:himself,
1354:cyberpunk
1350:Star Wars
1345:Interzone
1137:Edwardian
1133:Victorian
1089:Star Wars
1024:Star Wars
967:Le Zombie
953:stories.
939:would be
898:Star Wars
888:Star Trek
755:CCP Games
739:Homeworld
623:Babylon 5
567:Blake's 7
539:Star Wars
527:Star Trek
445:Liu Cixin
43:Cover of
4749:Category
4619:Tachyons
4466:Psionics
4440:Wormhole
4410:Stargate
4353:Physical
4186:Japanese
4181:European
4176:Canadian
4074:Japanese
4026:Spectrum
4006:Chandler
3940:Sunburst
3935:Sturgeon
3925:Sidewise
3915:Rhysling
3885:Nautilus
3855:Heinlein
3810:Endeavor
3765:Aurealis
3714:Yugoslav
3694:Romanian
3679:Japanese
3664:Estonian
3654:Croatian
3639:Canadian
3608:Worldcon
3578:Fanzines
3534:Nanopunk
3517:Japanese
3382:Military
3350:Grimdark
3345:Feminist
3308:Timeline
3303:New Wave
3099:Dan Dare
2737:(2003).
2616:(review)
2126:(2007).
2097:24 March
2035:24 March
1976:24 March
1946:24 March
1884:12 March
1838:(2006).
1791:24 March
1680:(2013).
1662:24 March
1578:See also
1526:Parodies
1510:Serenity
1192:such as
895:and the
807:subgenre
607:Stargate
499:Farscape
95:Ben Bova
4665:Fantasy
4653:Related
4624:Weapons
4599:Cyborgs
4360:Ansible
4171:British
4143:Theatre
3955:Tiptree
3930:Skylark
3875:LaĂźwitz
3860:Ignotus
3850:Harland
3825:Gaughan
3815:FantLab
3780:Chesley
3709:Spanish
3704:Serbian
3699:Russian
3649:Chinese
3644:Chilean
3629:Bengali
3598:Studies
3557:Culture
3524:Biopunk
3372:Mundane
3338:Sitcoms
3298:History
3261:Authors
3253:Outline
3186:Related
2614:SF Revu
2395:27 June
2176:30 June
2087:Tor.com
1744:Quercus
1504:Firefly
1423:or the
1379:McAuley
1282:Lensman
1099:History
1087:or the
972:fanzine
861:, and "
729:BioWare
718:BioWare
595:Macross
307:Heechee
4759:Portal
4685:Horror
4595:Robots
4552:Uplift
4480:Social
4429:Viewer
4304:Gender
4217:Themes
4112:Novels
4102:Comics
4069:Indian
4011:Dragon
4001:Aurora
3985:Zajdel
3970:Urania
3905:Parsec
3900:Norton
3890:Nebula
3870:Lambda
3830:Geffen
3820:Galaxy
3805:Ditmar
3785:Clarke
3742:Saturn
3723:Awards
3689:Polish
3669:French
3617:Region
3573:Fandom
3470:Spy-Fi
3438:Social
3404:Isekai
3333:Comedy
2757:
2671:
2650:
2551:
2424:
2273:
2211:
2167:
2140:
2122:&
2026:
1999:
1872:Galaxy
1848:
1834:&
1750:
1688:
1653:
1393:, and
1293:, and
1183:Sirius
1162:cites
1151:, and
873:(1936)
766:Bungie
586:&
4730:Weird
4512:Black
4415:Stars
4191:Anime
4138:Opera
4131:Stage
4079:Anime
4064:Films
4043:Media
4021:Seiun
3975:Vogel
3920:SFERA
3895:Nommo
3880:Locus
3790:Crook
3659:Czech
3588:ISFDB
3487:Kaiju
3360:Mecha
2741:. In
2727:Locus
2715:Locus
2703:Locus
2689:Locus
1122:Lumen
845:with
805:is a
704:Games
4597:and
4537:LGBT
4297:List
4203:U.S.
4051:Film
4016:Hugo
3800:Dick
3770:BSFA
3286:Soft
3276:Hard
2755:ISBN
2669:ISBN
2648:ISBN
2622:2009
2595:2021
2562:2021
2549:ISBN
2524:2021
2491:2021
2463:2021
2435:2021
2422:ISBN
2397:2021
2371:2020
2319:2017
2271:ISBN
2252:2017
2246:(74)
2209:ISBN
2178:2017
2165:ISBN
2138:ISBN
2099:2017
2064:2021
2037:2017
2024:ISBN
1997:ISBN
1978:2017
1948:2017
1911:2016
1886:2019
1846:ISBN
1793:2017
1761:2021
1748:ISBN
1723:2021
1686:ISBN
1664:2017
1651:ISBN
1561:and
1539:and
1338:and
1313:and
1305:and
1135:and
1120:and
1083:and
1077:Dune
841:and
768:and
761:Halo
731:and
694:and
642:and
614:and
558:and
551:Lexx
518:and
413:and
385:and
346:and
286:and
240:and
191:and
125:and
113:and
102:Dune
75:and
3950:TBD
3118::
1549:'s
1533:'s
1429:by
1419:by
1328:'s
1166:'s
1071:by
809:of
779:by
764:by
753:by
742:by
727:by
716:by
690:by
678:by
666:by
654:by
638:by
626:by
610:by
582:by
570:by
554:by
514:by
502:by
490:by
467:by
455:by
443:by
431:by
419:by
403:by
391:by
361:by
334:by
322:by
310:by
298:by
282:by
270:by
258:by
246:by
228:by
216:by
197:by
179:by
167:by
155:by
143:by
131:by
105:by
93:by
81:by
4777::
3172::
3102::
3088::
3048::
2981::
2950::
2933::
2856::
2778:.
2749:.
2725:.
2713:.
2701:.
2687:.
2612:.
2579:.
2543:.
2508:.
2480:.
2451:.
2416:.
2388:.
2362:.
2345:31
2343:.
2327:^
2305:.
2285:^
2244:24
2242:.
2238:.
2217:.
2186:^
2136:.
2107:^
2085:.
2053:.
1956:^
1928:.
1902:.
1876:.
1860:^
1801:^
1782:.
1746:.
1742:.
1709:.
1633:^
1568:s
1555:,
1545:,
1445:'s
1389:,
1385:,
1377:,
1373:,
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1365:,
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1155:.
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1128:.
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1095:.
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632:•
620:•
604:•
592:•
576:•
564:•
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536:•
524:•
508:•
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484:•
461:•
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409:•
397:•
379:,
373:,
367:•
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340:•
328:•
316:•
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292:•
276:•
264:•
252:•
234:•
222:•
210:•
203:•
185:•
173:•
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149:•
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119:•
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3178:)
3166:(
3131:)
3112:(
3096:(
3082:(
3054:)
3042:(
3028:)
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2994:)
2975:(
2970:)
2944:(
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2784:.
2763:.
2677:.
2656:.
2624:.
2597:.
2564:.
2526:.
2493:.
2465:.
2437:.
2399:.
2373:.
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2254:.
2180:.
2146:.
2134:2
2101:.
2066:.
2039:.
2005:.
1950:.
1913:.
1874:"
1854:.
1795:.
1763:.
1725:.
1694:.
1666:.
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1261:(
1244:(
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