94:
86:
338:
Tomyris herself led the
Massagetai army into war, and, during the next battle opposing the Massagetai to the forces of Cyrus, Tomyris defeated the Persians and destroyed most of their army. Cyrus himself was killed in the battle, and Tomyris found his corpse, severed his head and shoved it in a bag
334:
After
Tomyris found out about the death of Spargapises, she sent Cyrus an angry message in which she called the wine, which had caused the destruction of her army and her son, a drug which made those who consumed it so mad that they spoke evil words, and demanded him to leave his land or else she
325:
as intoxicants like all Iron Age steppe nomads, and therefore were not used to drinking wine, became drunk and were easily defeated and slaughtered by Cyrus, thus destroying a third of the
Massagetai army. Spargapises had been captured by Cyrus, and, once he had become sober and understood his
661:
93:
278:. After the death of the king, the widowed Tomyris succeeded him as the ruler of the tribe, and, once he had become old enough, Spargapises became the leader of the army of the Massagetai.
297:, asked for the hand of Tomyris with the intent of acquiring her kingdom through the marriage, she understood Cyrus's aims and rejected his proposal. On the advice of the former
838:
89:“Cyrus Defeats Spargapises,” from The Story of Cyrus, Adapted from designs by Michiel Coxie (1499–1592), Woven at the workshop of Albert Auwercx (1629–1709)
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179:
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Cyrus's initial assault against the
Massagetai was routed by them, after which he set up a fancy banquet with large amounts of
363:
224:
20:
130:
726:
778:
753:
556:
472:
388:
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317:
in the tents of his camp as an ambush and withdrew. The
Massagetai, led by Spargapises, who primarily used
866:
677:
119:
718:
876:
643:
326:
situation, he asked Cyrus to free him, and after Cyrus acquiesced to his pleas, he killed himself.
826:
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69:
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learns that her son
Spargapises has been taken alive by Cyrus, by Jan Moy (1535-1550).
860:
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42:
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19:
This article is about the prince of the
Massagetae. For other Scythic royalty, see
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305:, Cyrus responded to Tomyris's rejection by deciding to invade the Massagetai.
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would, swearing upon the Sun, "give him more blood than he could drink."
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715:
The
Amazons: Lives and Legends of Warrior Women across the Ancient World
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filled with blood while telling Cyrus, "Drink your fill of blood!"
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92:
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552:"CYRUS iiia. Cyrus II as Portrayed by Xenophon and Herodotus"
177:
135:
16:
6th-century BC Massagetae general and son of queen
Tomyris
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Annali dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli l'Orientale
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Verlag der Österreichischen
Akademie der Wissenschaften
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Warrior Women: The Anonymous Tractatus De Mulieribus
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801:[Scythian Personal Names in Herodotus]
231:are variants of the same name, and both forms,
627:Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberleiferung
250:
8:
774:"HERODOTUS iv. CYRUS ACCORDING TO HERODOTUS"
632:Old Iranian Language from Collateral Sources
799:"Die skythischen Personennamen bei Herodot"
270:Spargapises was the son of the king of the
25:
693:
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206:, meaning “decoration” and “adornment.”
200:, meaning “scion” and “descendant,” and
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7:
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837:] (in German). Vol. 5.5a.
243:, are cognates of the Avestan name
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670:Journal of Language Relationship
666:"External relations of Scythian"
226:
211:
194:, and is composed of the terms
48:
835:Book of Iranian Personal Names
749:"AMAZONS IN THE IRANIAN WORLD"
1:
872:6th-century BC Iranian people
582:Gera, Deborah Levine (2018).
831:Iranisches Personennamenbuch
239:
233:
202:
196:
190:
184:) is a Hellenisation of the
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150:
136:
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893:
727:Princeton University Press
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123:
18:
550:Faulkner, Robert (2000).
253:𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬖𐬀⸱𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬀
251:
695:10.31826/jlr-2014-110110
286:When the founder of the
155:) was the son of queen
145:
102:
90:
319:fermented mare's milk
96:
88:
841:. pp. 341–342.
779:Encyclopædia Iranica
754:Encyclopædia Iranica
729:. pp. 143–144.
557:Encyclopædia Iranica
473:Encyclopædia Iranica
389:Encyclopædia Iranica
634:] (in German).
606:. p. 187-199.
384:"SCYTHIAN LANGUAGE"
282:War against Persia
274:and of his queen,
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91:
848:978-3-700-17142-3
770:Rollinger, Robert
736:978-0-691-14720-8
613:978-9-004-32988-1
291:Achaemenid Empire
223:kings both named
215:and those of the
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70:Scythian religion
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21:Spargapeithes
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830:
815:. Retrieved
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783:. Retrieved
777:
758:. Retrieved
752:
714:
699:. Retrieved
673:
669:
644:Harrassowitz
631:
626:
583:
561:. Retrieved
555:
545:
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471:
468:"MASSAGETAE"
442:Schmitt 2011
425:Schmitt 2003
387:
337:
333:
312:
285:
269:
240:Spargapaiϑah
227:Spargapaiϑah
209:The name of
208:
170:
105:
104:
79:Army general
592:Netherlands
217:Agathyrsian
180:Σπαργαπισης
173:Spargapisēs
146:Spargapises
137:Spargapisēs
125:Σπαργαπισης
106:Spargapises
29:Spargapises
877:Massagetae
861:Categories
678:Piscataway
538:Mayor 2014
526:Mayor 2017
362:, p.
272:Massagetai
266:Background
191:*Spargapis
161:Massagetai
115:*Spargapis
76:Occupation
719:Princeton
688:: 81–90.
636:Wiesbaden
494:Gera 2018
360:Hinz 1975
330:Aftermath
234:Spargapis
212:Spargapis
131:romanized
49:Spargapis
829:(2011).
797:(2003).
772:(2003).
747:(2017).
713:(2014).
701:30 April
664:(2014).
624:(1975).
466:(2018).
382:(2018).
323:cannabis
295:Cyrus II
221:Scythian
197:*sparga-
66:Religion
817:26 July
785:20 July
760:20 July
640:Germany
575:Sources
563:20 July
303:Croesus
288:Persian
276:Tomyris
159:of the
157:Tomyris
133::
99:Tomyris
60:Tomyris
37:530 BCE
845:
813:: 1–31
733:
650:
610:
588:Leiden
299:Lydian
97:Queen
56:Mother
833:[
803:(PDF)
676:(1).
630:[
604:Brill
343:Notes
309:Death
301:king
203:*pis-
188:name
142:Latin
843:ISBN
819:2022
787:2022
762:2022
731:ISBN
703:2023
648:ISBN
608:ISBN
565:2011
321:and
315:wine
261:Life
237:and
219:and
186:Saka
167:Name
110:Saka
43:Saka
34:Died
690:doi
364:226
257:).
863::
811:63
805:.
776:.
751:.
725::
721:,
717:.
684::
680:,
674:11
672:.
668:.
646:.
642::
638:,
602::
598:,
594:;
590:,
586:.
554:.
516:^
501:^
482:^
470:.
449:^
432:^
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398:^
386:.
371:^
350:^
293:,
163:.
151:d.
148:;
144::
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112::
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249:(
176:(
108:(
23:.
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