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1253:; £291.65 a year per head was spent on services in some areas, while the budget in some areas was £30.94 or less. In 2018, 193,971 children in English primary schools were on the special educational needs register needing speech-therapy services. Speech and language therapists work in acute settings and are often integrated into the MDT in multiple areas of speciality for neonatal, children and adult services. Areas include but not limited to; neonatal care, respiratory, ENT, gastrointestinal, stroke, Neurology,ICU, oncology and geriatric care
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trained to use a cognitive neuropsychological approach to assessment, to precisely determine what aspect of communication is impaired. Some therapists use assessments that are based on historic anatomical models of language, that have since been shown to be unreliable. These tools are often preferred by therapists working within a medical model, where medics request a 'type' of impairment, and a 'severity' rating. The broad tools available allow clinicians to precisely select the aspect of communication that they wish to assess.
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Teleconferencing tools such as Skype are being used more commonly as a means to access remote locations in private therapy practice, such as in the geographically diverse south island of New
Zealand. More at-home or combination treatments have become readily available to address specific types of articulation disorders. The use of mobile applications in speech therapy is also growing as an avenue to bring treatment into the home.
624:
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treat the diagnoses or address the needs. Speech/language services begin with initial screening for communication and/or swallowing disorders and continue with assessment and diagnosis, consultation for the provision of advice regarding management, intervention, and treatment, and providing counseling and other followup services for these disorders. Services are provided in the following areas:
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speech- and language-therapy teams, usually after referral by health visitors or education settings, but parents are also entitled to request an assessment directly. If treatment is appropriate, an educational plan will be drawn up. Speech therapists often play a role in multi-disciplinary teams when
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In the United States, speech–language pathologists must hold a master's degree from an ASHA-accredited program. Following graduation and passing a nation-wide board exam, SLPs typically begin their
Clinical Fellowship Year, during which they are granted a provisional license and receive guidance from
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Children with speech, language, and communication needs (SLCN) are particularly at risk of not being heard because of communication challenges. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can explain the significance of supporting communication as a tool for the child to shape and influence choices available
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Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide a wide range of services, mainly on an individual basis, but also as support for families, support groups, and providing information for the general public. SLPs work to assess levels of communication needs, make diagnoses based on the assessments, and then
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Many approaches exist to assess language, communication, speech and swallowing. Two main aspects of assessment can be to determine the extent of breakdown (impairment-level), or how communication can be supported (functional level). When evaluating impairment-based level of breakdown, therapists are
1058:
Experimental, empirical, and scientific methodologies that build on hypothesis testing and logical, deductive reasoning have dominated research in speech-language pathology. Other types of research in the field are complemented by qualitative research, which has also led to new insights, techniques,
765:
The development of speech-language pathology into a profession took different paths in the various regions of the world. Three identifiable trends influenced the evolution of speech-language pathology in the United States during the late 19th century to early 20th century: the elocution movement,
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Because school-based speech therapy is run under state guidelines and funds, the process of assessment and qualification is more strict. To qualify for in-school speech therapy, students must meet the state's criteria on language testing and speech standardization. Due to such requirements, some
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often requires multidisciplinary collaboration. Speech–language pathologists can be very beneficial in helping resolve speech problems associated with cleft lip and palate. Research has indicated that children who receive early language intervention are less likely to develop compensatory error
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In the US, some children are eligible to receive speech therapy services, including assessment and lessons through the public school system. If not, private therapy is readily available through personal lessons with a qualified speech–language pathologist or the growing field of telepractice.
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to them in their lives, even though it is advised that children with SLCN can and should be actively involved as equal partners in decision-making about their communication needs. Building these skills is especially crucial for SLPs working in settings related to traditional education.
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their supervisor. At the end of this process, SLPs may choose to apply for ASHA's
Certificate of Clinical Competence and apply for full state licensure. SLPs may additionally choose to earn advanced degrees such as a clinical doctorate in speech–language pathology,
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students may not be assessed in an efficient time frame or their needs may be undermined by criteria. For a private clinic, students are more likely to qualify for therapy because it is a paid service with more availability.
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A common misconception is that speech–language pathology is restricted to the treatment of articulation disorders (e.g., helping
English-speaking individuals enunciate the traditionally difficult
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Speech, language, and swallowing disorders result from a variety of causes, such as a stroke, brain injury, hearing loss, developmental delay, a cleft palate, cerebral palsy, or emotional issues.
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swallowing or other upper aerodigestive functions such as infant feeding and aeromechanical events (evaluation of esophageal function is for the purpose of referral to medical professionals);
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Word-finding and other semantic issues, either as a result of a specific language impairment (SLI) such as a language delay or as a secondary characteristic of a more general issue such as
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but, in fact, speech–language pathology is concerned with a broad scope of speech, language, literacy, swallowing, and voice issues involved in communication, some of which include:
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Following ASHA's 2005 approval of the delivery of speech/language services via video conference or telepractice, SLPs in the United States have begun to use this service model.
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2931:"Discussion Meeting Issue 'Language in developmental and acquired disorders: converging evidence for models of language representation in the brain' - Table of Contents"
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Voice difficulties, such as a raspy voice, a voice that is too soft, or other voice difficulties that negatively impact a person's social or professional performance.
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Schulz, Geralyn M; Grant, Megan K (January 2000). "Effects of speech therapy and pharmacologic and surgical treatments on voice and speech in
Parkinson's disease".
1000:
patterns later in life, although speech therapy outcomes are usually better when surgical treatment is performed earlier. Another area of collaboration relates to
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1004:, where SLPs can collaborate in assessments and provide intervention where there is evidence of speech, language, and/or other cognitive-communication disorders.
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SLPs collaborate with other health care professionals, often working as part of a multidisciplinary team. They can provide information and referrals to
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to be especially helpful with certain patient populations; individuals with
Parkinson's Disease often develop voice issues as a result of their disease.
3900:
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Richard, Gail J. (July 2011). "The Role of the Speech–Language
Pathologist in Identifying and Treating Children With Auditory Processing Disorder".
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Premature infants are at higher risk of feeding and later language needs and SLTS work with this cohort to prevent and support development of
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voice (hoarseness, dysphonia), poor vocal volume (hypophonia), abnormal (e.g., rough, breathy, strained) vocal quality. Research demonstrates
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Swallowing disorders include difficulties in any phase of the swallowing process (i.e., oral, pharyngeal, esophageal), as well as functional
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Ritter, Michaela J. (June 2009). "The Speech–Language
Pathologist and Reading: Opportunities to Extend Services for the Children We Serve".
3733:
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824:, and pragmatic/social aspects of communication) including comprehension and expression in oral, written, graphic, and manual modalities;
89:
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Wilkinson, Ray (3 July 2014). "Intervening With
Conversation Analysis in Speech and Language Therapy: Improving Aphasic Conversation".
1020:, and home healthcare. SLPs may also work as part of the support structure in the education system, working in both public and private
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2948:"Screening for Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children: Systematic Evidence Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force"
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SLPs conduct research related to communication sciences and disorders, swallowing disorders, or other upper aerodigestive functions.
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2122:
DeBonis, David A.; Moncrieff, Deborah (February 2008). "Auditory
Processing Disorders: An Update for Speech–Language Pathologists".
1964:
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Literacy impairments (reading and writing) related to the letter-to-sound relationship (phonics), the word-to-meaning relationship (
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Zasler, Nathan D.; Katz, Douglas I.; Zafonte, Ross D.; Arciniegas, David B.; Bullock, M. Ross; Kreutzer, Jeffrey S., eds. (2013).
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2099:[Speech therapy — criteria for determining the time of the surgical operation in surgery of labio-palato-velars cleft].
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Janes, Tina Leann; Zupan, Barbra; Signal, Tania (2021–02). "Community awareness of speech pathology: A regional perspective".
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scientific revolution, and the rise of professionalism. Groups of "speech correctionists" formed in the early 1900s. The
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Cognitive impairments (e.g. attention, memory, executive function) to the extent that they interfere with communication.
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2323:"New perspectives, theory, method, and practice: Qualitative research and innovation in speech-language pathology"
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Children with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties and communication problems: there is always a reason
1879:"Is early intervention effective in improving spoken language outcomes of children with congenital hearing loss?"
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and research methods as well as new approaches in ways that are responsive to our customers and communities.
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2097:"Logopedia — criteriu de stabilire a momentului operator în chirurgia despicăturilor labio-palato-velare"
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Speech–language pathologists work with clients and patients who may present with a wide range of issues.
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Voice and Communication Therapy for the Transgender/Transsexual Client: A Comprehensive Clinical Guide
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Pollens, Robin (October 2004). "Role of the Speech–Language Pathologist in Palliative Hospice Care".
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686:) is a healthcare and academic discipline concerning the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of
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Fisher, S. E.; Scharff, C. (April 2009). "FOXP2 as a molecular window into speech and language".
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726:(ASHA) and Speech Pathology Australia. The field of speech-language pathology is practiced by a
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Genetic disorders that adversely affect speech, language and/or cognitive development including
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162:
2453:"Asperger Syndrome Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)"
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https://www.rcslt.org/speech-and-language-therapy/clinical-information/neonatal-care/#section-2
1028:, and universities. Some SLPs also work in community health, providing services at prisons and
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sensory awareness related to communication, swallowing, or other upper aerodigestive functions.
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Adults recovering from significant tumors in the bronchus, lung, oropharynx, breast, and brain
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Adults with mild, moderate, or severe eating, feeding and swallowing difficulties, including
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SLPs work in a variety of clinical and educational settings. SLPs work in public and private
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Brady, Marian C.; Kelly, Helen; Godwin, Jon; Enderby, Pam; Campbell, Pauline (1 June 2016).
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Social communication difficulties involving how people communicate or interact with others (
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Progressive neurological conditions such as cancer of the head, neck and throat (including
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as dictated by the individual client's needs. For example, the treatment for patients with
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Language impairments, including difficulties creating sentences that are grammatical (
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Specific difficulties in producing sounds, called articulation disorders, (including
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American Speech–Language–Hearing Association (ASHA) – Communication for a Lifetime
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Richards, Emma (June 2012). "Communication and swallowing problems after stroke".
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1959:(4th ed., International ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education. pp. 378–385.
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943:. Swallowing disorders can occur at any age and can stem from multiple causes.
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SLPs also play an important role in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of
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a child has speech delay or disorder as part of a wider health condition. The
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1745:"What Do You Know About Your Profession's History? And Why Is It Important?"
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Adults with mild, moderate, or severe language difficulties as a result of:
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2264:"Advancing the human rights of children with communication needs in school"
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834:(AAC) for individuals with severe language and communication impairments;
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Developmental language and early feeding neurodevelopment and prevention;
1856:(2nd ed.). New York: Demos Medical. pp. 1086–1104, 1111–1117.
1039:
Some SLPs’ working environments include one-on-one time with the client.
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language impairments, and social communication difficulties, as well as
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2484:"The Speech Therapy of Cleft Palate Patients as an Oral Rehabilitation"
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Bellani, M.; Moretti, A.; Perlini, C.; Brambilla, P. (December 2011).
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30:"Speech therapy" redirects here. For the album by Speech Debelle, see
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932:. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) work with people of all ages.
187:
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Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance (SMALED)
1187:
that adversely affect speech, language and/or cognitive development
4730:
2095:
Frățilă, Mihaela; Urtilă, Emil; Ștefănescu, Maria (October 2011).
1034:
964:
5781:"Community awareness of speech pathology: A regional perspective"
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Janes, Tina Leann; Zupan, Barbra; Signal, Tania (February 2021).
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International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
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Gallagher, Aoife L.; Tancredi, Haley; Graham, Linda J. (2018).
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39:
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Adler, Richard K.; Hirsch, Sandy; Mordaunt, Michelle (2012).
2708:
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2431:"Autism and Communication [NIDCD Health Information]"
908:
Primary pediatric speech and language disorders include: (i)
786:
cognitive aspects of communication (e.g., attention, memory,
2071:"Who Are Speech–Language Pathologists, and What Do They Do?"
904:
Parent, caregiver, and other communication partner coaching.
3027:
National Institutes of Health – Voice, Speech, and Language
1957:
Articulatory and phonological impairments: a clinical focus
1240:
In the UK, children are entitled to an assessment by local
1804:(2nd ed.). Demos Medical Publishing. pp. 77–83.
1627:"Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke"
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or providing expert testimony in applicable court cases.
2601:"Postcode lottery for speech therapy, says commissioner"
2101:
Revista de chirurgie oro-maxilo-facială și implantologie
1802:
Parkinson's disease: Diagnosis & clinical management
1550:
List of university speech–language pathology departments
1522:, including voice feminization and voice masculinization
1928:"Developmental Delay: An Information Guide for Parents"
2985:. New York: Psychology Press / Taylor Francis Group.
1117:
Infants with injuries due to complications at birth,
2009:(2nd ed.). London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
1719:"Judy Duchan's History of Speech-Language Pathology"
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including aeromechanical components of respiration);
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The Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists
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70:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2709:"Speech Therapy Wellington | Vocalsaints LTD"
2327:International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
2268:International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
1723:Judy Duchan's History of Speech-Language Pathology
2675:Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools
2512:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
2024:"Scope of Practice in Speech–Language Pathology"
770:was founded in 1925, which became ASHA in 1978.
2223:Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists
722:regulated by professional bodies including the
2530:. American Speech–Language–Hearing Association
2243:. American Speech–Language–Hearing Association
1781:. American Speech–Language–Hearing Association
5577:
4307:
4005:
3075:
2656:"The Role of the Speech-Language Pathologist"
2550:"Speech Therapy Wellington - Vocalsaints LTD"
2124:American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
1854:Brain injury medicine principles and practice
696:mixed receptive-expressive language disorders
656:
8:
4078:Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder
2028:American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
724:American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
3052:Topics related to speech–language pathology
3037:Speech-Language Pathologists – O*Net Online
2829:Research on Language and Social Interaction
1631:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
5584:
5570:
5562:
5517:
5406:
5385:
5320:
5211:Other specified feeding or eating disorder
5183:
5172:
4948:
4920:
4899:
4755:
4744:
4654:
4487:
4474:
4346:
4335:
4314:
4300:
4292:
4035:
4012:
3998:
3990:
3800:
3791:
3560:
3228:
3219:
3108:
3082:
3068:
3060:
3042:
2751:Bryan, Karen; Maxim, Jane (January 2002).
1926:The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne.
858:) and/or the treatment of individuals who
832:augmentative and alternative communication
663:
649:
196:
152:
2963:
2912:
2768:
2392:
2289:
2279:
2035:
1902:
1800:Factor, Stewart; Weiner, William (2008).
1668:
1650:
1534:All India Institute of Speech and Hearing
130:Learn how and when to remove this message
5474:Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia
5070:Depersonalization-derealization disorder
2528:"Telepractice for SLPs and Audiologists"
1149:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
1131:Children with mild, moderate or severe:
718:disorders across the lifespan. It is an
5771:
1935:The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne
1617:
1249:reported in June 2019 that there was a
199:
3871:Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies
3544:Template:Demyelinating diseases of CNS
2505:
2237:"ASHA Telepractice Position Statement"
260:Individualized Education Program (IEP)
143:
4220:Learning problems in childhood cancer
2381:Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
768:American Academy of Speech Correction
530:Disabled Peoples' International (DPI)
7:
3722:Idiopathic intracranial hypertension
1955:Bauman-Waengler, Jacqueline (2011).
930:language-based learning disabilities
749:(ASD), often in collaboration with
454:Social Security Disability Insurance
68:adding citations to reliable sources
5177:Physiological and physical behavior
4164:Developmental coordination disorder
2630:Perspectives on School-Based Issues
1520:transgender-specific voice training
1247:Children's Commissioner for England
740:speech and language therapist (SLT)
183:
5785:Australian Journal of Rural Health
5123:Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
4517:Emotional and behavioral disorders
3953:Infantile progressive bulbar palsy
3009:Australian Journal of Rural Health
2794:Journal of Communication Disorders
2419:. World Health Organisation. 2010.
1743:Duchan, Judith (1 December 2002).
1717:Duchan, Judy (16 September 2021).
1309:Specific language impairment (SLI)
25:
5303:Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
3656:Template:Cerebrovascular diseases
3459:Frontotemporal lobar degeneration
2946:Nelson, H. D. (1 February 2006).
1560:Motor theory of speech perception
1545:Communicative disorders assistant
1394:Cognitive communication disorders
4603:X-linked intellectual disability
4025:specific developmental disorders
3676:For more detailed coverage, see
3654:For more detailed coverage, see
3625:For more detailed coverage, see
3591:For more detailed coverage, see
3542:For more detailed coverage, see
3047:
2933:. Royal Society Publishing. 2014
2866:. San Diego: Plural Publishing.
623:
622:
520:National Telecommuting Institute
44:
4432:Intermittent explosive disorder
4357:Ego-dystonic sexual orientation
2687:10.1044/0161-1461(2011/09-0090)
2377:"Language disturbances in ADHD"
2053:"Speech and Language Disorders"
1170:, including oral motor deficits
55:needs additional citations for
5075:Dissociative identity disorder
4340:Adult personality and behavior
4169:Developmental verbal dyspraxia
4146:Disorder of written expression
4088:Speech and language impairment
2914:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-CA31-7
2575:"Help your baby learn to talk"
2488:Journal of Dentistry Indonesia
2167:Journal of Palliative Medicine
1775:"Speech–Language Pathologists"
1643:10.1002/14651858.CD000425.pub4
1378:developmental verbal dyspraxia
1214:Developmental verbal dyspraxia
947:Multi-discipline collaboration
884:) and modifying word meaning (
525:Society for Disability Studies
382:Unlicensed assistive personnel
1:
5832:Speech and language pathology
3969:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
3854:Hereditary spastic paraplegia
3712:Normal pressure hydrocephalus
2806:10.1016/s0021-9924(99)00025-8
2502:(inactive 12 September 2024).
2339:10.1080/17549507.2022.2029942
2281:10.1080/17549507.2018.1395478
2219:"Speech and language therapy"
2051:Weeks, Katie (12 July 2016).
1981:"Speech and Language Therapy"
1883:American Journal of Audiology
1761:10.1044/leader.FTR.07232002.4
1693:"Speech and language therapy"
1030:young offenders' institutions
1002:auditory processing disorders
914:expressive language disorders
680:speech and language pathology
27:Disability therapy profession
5479:Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia
5016:Generalized anxiety disorder
4749:Neurological and symptomatic
4394:Sexual relationship disorder
4185:Auditory processing disorder
4083:Specific language impairment
4053:Expressive language disorder
3938:Progressive muscular atrophy
2841:10.1080/08351813.2014.925659
1877:Ching, Teresa Y. C. (2015).
1827:Nursing and Residential Care
1384:Naming difficulties (anomia)
1314:Auditory processing disorder
1293:Hearing loss and impairments
1196:Specific language impairment
977:rehabilitation psychologists
459:Supplemental Security Income
221:Ableism / Disablism
5255:REM sleep behavior disorder
4724:Seasonal affective disorder
4522:Separation anxiety disorder
4190:Sensory processing disorder
3448:Primary progressive aphasia
2136:10.1044/1058-0360(2008/002)
2037:10.1044/policy.SP2016-00343
1839:10.12968/nrec.2012.14.6.282
732:speech-language pathologist
474:Disabled students allowance
469:Disability Living Allowance
79:"Speech–language pathology"
5888:
5644:Emergency medical services
5522:Symptoms and uncategorized
4623:developmental disabilities
4389:Sexual maturation disorder
3770:Hashimoto's encephalopathy
3476:Posterior cortical atrophy
3297:Striatonigral degeneration
3148:Cavernous sinus thrombosis
2107:(2): 21–23. Archived from
801:, fluency, resonance, and
333:Disability rights movement
29:
5599:
5593:Allied health professions
5527:
5516:
5484:Simple-type schizophrenia
5453:Schizophreniform disorder
5405:
5384:
5337:
5319:
5182:
5171:
4919:
4898:
4831:Mild cognitive impairment
4816:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
4754:
4743:
4714:Major depressive disorder
4667:
4653:
4619:Psychological development
4486:
4473:
4345:
4334:
3876:Spinal muscular atrophies
3844:Primary lateral sclerosis
3702:Intracranial hypertension
3482:Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
3057:
2905:10.1016/j.tig.2009.03.002
2770:10.1080/13682820110119205
2394:10.1017/S2045796011000527
1154:Autism spectrum disorders
989:applied behavior analysis
676:Speech–language pathology
479:Disabled Persons Railcard
184:
151:
147:Speech-language pathology
5684:Music and arts therapist
5532:Impulse-control disorder
5448:Schizoaffective disorder
5443:Brief reactive psychosis
5140:Mass psychogenic illness
5103:Body dysmorphic disorder
4882:Post-concussion syndrome
4492:Emotional and behavioral
4235:Multisensory integration
4063:Landau–Kleffner syndrome
3943:Progressive bulbar palsy
3734:Intracranial hypotension
3717:Choroid plexus papilloma
3131:Herpesviral encephalitis
2983:Recovery from stuttering
1895:10.1044/2015_aja-15-0007
1125:difficulties, including
987:, behavior consultants (
747:autism spectrum disorder
720:allied health profession
492:the Severely Handicapped
448:Socioeconomic assistance
358:Sexuality and disability
165:(language comprehension)
161:(speech production) and
5852:Rehabilitation medicine
5842:Health care occupations
5649:Hemodialysis technician
5469:Childhood schizophrenia
4821:Frontotemporal dementia
4778:High-functioning autism
4595:Intellectual disability
3455:Frontotemporal dementia
3141:Encephalitis lethargica
2731:openresearchlibrary.org
2321:Hersh, Deborah (2022).
2005:Cross, Melanie (2011).
1555:List of voice disorders
973:occupational therapists
790:, executive functions);
688:communication disorders
607:Disability in the media
18:Speech-language therapy
5694:Occupational therapist
4986:Specific social phobia
4877:Organic brain syndrome
4719:Melancholic depression
4480:Childhood and learning
4230:Management of dyslexia
3760:Hepatic encephalopathy
2981:Howell, Peter (2011).
2965:10.1542/peds.2005-1467
2753:"Letter to the Editor"
2660:dyslexiahelp.umich.edu
2179:10.1089/jpm.2004.7.694
1488:Traumatic brain injury
1370:Motor speech disorders
1287:Traumatic brain injury
1209:traumatic brain injury
1185:Craniofacial anomalies
1063:Education and training
1040:
918:speech sound disorders
704:speech sound disorders
597:Disability in the arts
420:Physical accessibility
5744:Respiratory therapist
5679:Medical transcription
5629:Clinical psychologist
5604:Anesthesia technician
5542:Psychomotor agitation
5332:and substance-related
5275:Postpartum depression
5155:Somatization disorder
5041:Acute stress reaction
4806:AIDS dementia complex
4103:Speech sound disorder
3818:Ataxia–telangiectasia
3775:Static encephalopathy
3498:Mitochondrial disease
3336:Spasmodic torticollis
3246:Basal ganglia disease
2500:10.14693/jdi.v4i3.758
1763:– via ASHAWire.
1570:Online speech therapy
1447:Motor neuron diseases
1416:(ear, nose or throat
1321:Physical disabilities
1298:Learning difficulties
1085:Methods of assessment
1038:
348:People-first language
326:Societal implications
5674:Medical technologist
5624:Cardiac physiologist
5537:Klüver–Bucy syndrome
5367:Substance dependence
5280:Postpartum psychosis
4826:Huntington's disease
4608:Lujan–Fryns syndrome
4457:Personality disorder
4281:People with dyslexia
3765:Toxic encephalopathy
3471:Lewy bodies dementia
2111:on 10 November 2013.
1465:Huntington's disease
1389:Dysgraphia, agraphia
1106:Infants and children
1098:Clients and patients
1008:Working environments
997:cleft lip and palate
415:Orthotics and braces
400:Assistive technology
64:improve this article
5857:Rehabilitation team
5847:Medical terminology
5837:Applied linguistics
5734:Radiation therapist
5709:Pharmacy technician
5417:Delusional disorder
5362:Stimulant psychosis
5352:Physical dependence
5206:Rumination syndrome
5108:Conversion disorder
5085:Psychogenic amnesia
4935:with depressed mood
4933:Adjustment disorder
4836:Parkinson's disease
4811:Alzheimer's disease
4704:Atypical depression
4540:Social functioning
4415:Munchausen syndrome
4410:Factitious disorder
4276:Dyslexia in fiction
4250:Reading acquisition
4123:Learning disability
3813:Friedreich's ataxia
3196:Meningoencephalitis
3136:Limbic encephalitis
2441:on 27 October 2011.
1540:Applied linguistics
1482:Parkinson's disease
1453:Alzheimer's disease
1431:Adults with aphasia
1257:Children and adults
1163:Developmental delay
969:nurse practitioners
826:language processing
376:Personal assistance
283:Learning disability
5436:schizophrenia-like
5080:Dissociative fugue
4529:Movement disorders
3849:Pseudobulbar palsy
3587:Status epilepticus
3538:Multiple sclerosis
3375:Myoclonic epilepsy
3238:movement disorders
3184:Acute disseminated
3126:Viral encephalitis
2893:Trends in Genetics
2642:10.1044/sbi10.2.38
2581:. 21 December 2017
2482:Ogata, Y. (1997).
2463:on 5 December 2004
1585:Speech acquisition
1476:Multiple sclerosis
1041:
490:Assured Income for
5862:Special education
5797:10.1111/ajr.12680
5768:
5767:
5762:
5761:
5669:Medical physicist
5659:Medical assistant
5654:Massage therapist
5609:Aquatic therapist
5559:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5380:
5379:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5167:
5166:
5163:
5162:
5056:
5055:
4894:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4851:Vascular dementia
4773:Asperger syndrome
4739:
4738:
4649:
4648:
4645:
4644:
4583:Tourette syndrome
4469:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4289:
4288:
4210:Dyslexia research
4198:
4197:
4113:Tip of the tongue
4068:Language disorder
3987:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3783:
3782:
3688:
3687:
3627:Template:Headache
3593:Template:Epilepsy
3514:
3513:
3488:Vascular dementia
3331:Status dystonicus
3204:
3203:
3179:Encephalomyelitis
2992:978-1-84872-916-2
2457:www.ninds.nih.gov
2435:www.nidcd.nih.gov
1985:CerebralPalsy.org
1605:Speech repetition
1600:Speech processing
1595:Speech perception
1168:Feeding disorders
1158:Asperger syndrome
1144:DiGeorge syndrome
941:feeding disorders
922:apraxia of speech
920:, (iv) childhood
708:speech disfluency
673:
672:
435:Web accessibility
395:Accessible toilet
278:Special education
216:Disability theory
209:Theory and models
195:
194:
140:
139:
132:
114:
16:(Redirected from
5879:
5817:
5816:
5776:
5754:Speech therapist
5634:Dental hygienist
5614:Athletic trainer
5586:
5579:
5572:
5563:
5518:
5407:
5386:
5321:
5196:Anorexia nervosa
5184:
5173:
5150:Psychogenic pain
5118:Globus pharyngis
4966:Childhood phobia
4949:
4921:
4900:
4756:
4745:
4655:
4554:Selective mutism
4505:Conduct disorder
4488:
4475:
4452:Trichotillomania
4427:Gender dysphoria
4422:Fear of intimacy
4379:Sexual anhedonia
4347:
4336:
4323:Mental disorders
4316:
4309:
4302:
4293:
4058:Infantile speech
4040:Speech, language
4036:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3991:
3801:
3792:
3750:Brain herniation
3561:
3401:Intention tremor
3396:Essential tremor
3261:Postencephalitic
3229:
3220:
3109:
3090:Diseases of the
3084:
3077:
3070:
3061:
3051:
3043:
3004:
2977:
2967:
2958:(2): e298–e319.
2942:
2940:
2938:
2926:
2916:
2878:
2877:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2772:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2511:
2503:
2479:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2459:. Archived from
2449:
2443:
2442:
2437:. Archived from
2427:
2421:
2420:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2396:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2293:
2283:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2201:"Health Careers"
2197:
2191:
2190:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2020:
2011:
2010:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1932:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1906:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1672:
1654:
1622:
1580:Origin of speech
1565:Neurolinguistics
1326:Speech disorders
1251:postcode lottery
665:
658:
651:
626:
625:
566:Paralympic Games
561:Special Olympics
430:Universal design
353:Pejorative terms
197:
188:edit on Wikidata
180:
156:
144:
135:
128:
124:
121:
115:
113:
72:
48:
40:
21:
5887:
5886:
5882:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5876:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5778:
5777:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5763:
5758:
5719:Physiotherapist
5595:
5590:
5560:
5551:
5523:
5504:
5488:
5457:
5435:
5426:
5401:
5376:
5333:
5330:substance abuse
5307:
5284:
5261:
5215:
5201:Bulimia nervosa
5178:
5159:
5135:Hypochondriasis
5130:False pregnancy
5113:Ganser syndrome
5095:Somatic symptom
5089:
5052:
5004:
4993:Specific phobia
4938:
4915:
4886:
4860:
4792:
4788:Savant syndrome
4760:Autism spectrum
4750:
4735:
4663:
4641:
4620:
4614:
4589:
4482:
4461:
4437:Dermatillomania
4398:
4384:Sexual anorexia
4341:
4330:
4320:
4290:
4285:
4264:
4240:Neuropsychology
4194:
4173:
4152:
4117:
4093:Speech disorder
4043:
4027:
4018:
3988:
3975:
3901:Congenital DSMA
3822:
3779:
3738:
3684:
3672:Sleep disorders
3660:
3637:Cerebrovascular
3631:
3597:
3554:
3548:
3510:
3492:
3417:
3363:Choreoathetosis
3236:
3213:
3200:
3164:
3098:
3088:
3053:
3018:
2993:
2980:
2945:
2936:
2934:
2929:
2890:
2887:
2885:Further reading
2882:
2881:
2874:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2584:
2582:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2504:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2359:
2357:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2246:
2244:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2103:(in Romanian).
2094:
2093:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2022:
2021:
2014:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1930:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1812:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1749:The ASHA Leader
1742:
1741:
1737:
1727:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1701:
1699:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1637:(6): CD000425.
1624:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1529:
1518:Adults seeking
1428:
1423:
1355:Voice disorders
1259:
1238:
1229:
1108:
1100:
1087:
1070:
1065:
1053:
1010:
949:
788:problem-solving
776:
763:
700:voice disorders
669:
638:
612:
611:
592:
582:
581:
580:
555:
545:
544:
515:
514:
498:
497:
494:
491:
449:
441:
440:
439:
405:Assisted living
377:
369:
368:
367:
327:
319:
318:
317:
297:
289:
288:
287:
250:
242:
241:
240:
210:
191:
176:
166:
163:Wernicke's area
136:
125:
119:
116:
73:
71:
61:
49:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5885:
5883:
5875:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5824:
5823:
5819:
5818:
5770:
5766:
5765:
5760:
5759:
5757:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5600:
5597:
5596:
5591:
5589:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5566:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5528:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5514:
5513:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5465:
5463:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5439:
5437:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5419:
5413:
5411:
5403:
5402:
5389:
5382:
5381:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5357:Rebound effect
5354:
5349:
5344:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5324:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5309:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5300:
5298:Hypersexuality
5294:
5292:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5282:
5277:
5271:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5237:
5232:
5226:
5224:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5192:
5190:
5180:
5179:
5176:
5169:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5161:
5160:
5158:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5126:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5105:
5099:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5088:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5066:
5064:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5033:
5031:Panic disorder
5028:
5023:
5018:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4998:Claustrophobia
4990:
4989:
4988:
4983:
4981:Anthropophobia
4973:
4971:Social anxiety
4968:
4963:
4957:
4955:
4946:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4929:
4927:
4917:
4916:
4903:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4868:
4866:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4841:Pick's disease
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4802:
4800:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4764:
4762:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4741:
4740:
4737:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4658:
4651:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4634:
4628:
4626:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4599:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4575:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4538:
4537:
4536:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4502:
4496:
4494:
4484:
4483:
4478:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4359:
4353:
4351:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4332:
4331:
4327:Classification
4321:
4319:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4296:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4260:Writing system
4257:
4252:
4247:
4245:Neurodiversity
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4206:
4204:
4203:Related topics
4200:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4049:
4047:
4033:
4029:
4028:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3994:
3985:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3960:
3959:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3950:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3873:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3832:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3815:
3809:
3807:
3798:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3729:Cerebral edema
3726:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3698:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3678:Template:Sleep
3668:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3652:
3647:
3641:
3639:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3558:
3550:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3506:Leigh syndrome
3502:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3427:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3355:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3242:
3240:
3233:Extrapyramidal
3226:
3217:
3215:encephalopathy
3206:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3187:
3186:
3175:
3173:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3150:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3117:
3115:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3092:nervous system
3089:
3087:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3017:
3016:External links
3014:
3013:
3012:
3005:
2991:
2978:
2943:
2927:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2872:
2854:
2835:(3): 219–238.
2819:
2784:
2763:(2): 215–222.
2743:
2718:
2700:
2681:(3): 241–245.
2665:
2647:
2620:
2609:. 11 June 2019
2592:
2566:
2541:
2519:
2474:
2444:
2422:
2408:
2387:(4): 311–315.
2367:
2333:(5): 449–459.
2313:
2274:(1): 128–132.
2254:
2228:
2210:
2205:Health Careers
2192:
2173:(5): 694–702.
2157:
2114:
2087:
2062:
2043:
2012:
1997:
1972:
1965:
1947:
1918:
1889:(3): 345–348.
1869:
1862:
1844:
1833:(6): 282–286.
1817:
1810:
1792:
1766:
1735:
1709:
1684:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1590:Speech Buddies
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1516:
1515:
1514:
1509:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1450:
1441:
1438:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1411:
1409:Tracheostomies
1406:
1404:Laryngectomies
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1367:
1365:Language delay
1362:
1352:
1347:
1333:
1330:oral dyspraxia
1323:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1295:
1290:
1280:
1278:Cerebral palsy
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1237:
1236:United Kingdom
1234:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1198:
1193:
1191:Language delay
1188:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1165:
1160:
1151:
1146:
1129:
1115:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1086:
1083:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1052:
1049:
1009:
1006:
948:
945:
906:
905:
902:
899:
896:
889:
878:
871:
849:
848:
845:
838:
835:
829:
806:
791:
784:
775:
774:The profession
772:
762:
759:
671:
670:
668:
667:
660:
653:
645:
642:
641:
640:
639:
637:
636:
631:
619:
614:
613:
610:
609:
604:
602:Disability art
599:
593:
588:
587:
584:
583:
579:
578:
576:Invictus Games
573:
568:
563:
557:
556:
551:
550:
547:
546:
543:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
516:
513:
512:
509:
505:
504:
503:
500:
499:
496:
495:
488:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
464:Ticket to Work
461:
456:
450:
447:
446:
443:
442:
438:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
391:
390:
389:
378:
375:
374:
371:
370:
366:
365:
363:Women's health
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
316:
315:
310:
305:
299:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
286:
285:
280:
275:
273:Special school
270:
264:
263:
262:
257:
251:
248:
247:
244:
243:
239:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
212:
211:
208:
207:
204:
203:
193:
192:
185:
182:
181:
174:
168:
167:
157:
149:
148:
138:
137:
52:
50:
43:
33:Speech Therapy
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5884:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5814:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5794:
5790:
5786:
5782:
5775:
5772:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5749:Social worker
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5729:Public health
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5664:Medical coder
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5598:
5594:
5587:
5582:
5580:
5575:
5573:
5568:
5567:
5564:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5526:
5519:
5515:
5501:
5498:
5497:
5495:
5491:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5462:Schizophrenia
5460:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5433:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5392:
5391:Schizophrenia
5387:
5383:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5342:Drug overdose
5340:
5339:
5336:
5331:
5327:
5322:
5318:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5290:Sexual desire
5287:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5268:
5264:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5218:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5174:
5170:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5096:
5092:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5007:
4999:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4976:Social phobia
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4911:-related and
4910:
4906:
4901:
4897:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4795:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4746:
4742:
4732:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4701:
4700:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4652:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4617:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4596:
4592:
4584:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4476:
4472:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4416:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4324:
4317:
4312:
4310:
4305:
4303:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4215:Learning Ally
4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4155:
4147:
4144:
4143:
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4137:
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4132:
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4128:
4126:
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4120:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4046:
4045:communication
4041:
4037:
4034:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4015:
4010:
4008:
4003:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3962:
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3954:
3951:
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3945:
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3927:
3924:
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3912:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
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3833:
3831:
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3808:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:Reye syndrome
3753:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3707:Hydrocephalus
3705:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3657:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3594:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3520:Demyelinating
3517:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3442:
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3437:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3408:Restless legs
3406:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3347:
3346:Blepharospasm
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3302:Hemiballismus
3300:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
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3253:
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3249:
3248:
3247:
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3243:
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3239:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3211:
3207:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3167:
3159:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3153:Brain abscess
3151:
3149:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
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3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3085:
3080:
3078:
3073:
3071:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2944:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2899:(4): 166–77.
2898:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2875:
2873:9781597564700
2869:
2865:
2858:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2823:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2785:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2747:
2744:
2732:
2728:
2727:"BiblioBoard"
2722:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2701:
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2688:
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2680:
2676:
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2110:
2106:
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2098:
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2076:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2047:
2044:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1966:9780132719957
1962:
1958:
1951:
1948:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1870:
1865:
1863:9781617050572
1859:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1811:9781933864006
1807:
1803:
1796:
1793:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1739:
1736:
1724:
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1658:
1653:
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1498:
1495:
1494:Mental health
1492:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
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1407:
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1371:
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1360:
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1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1268:Neonatal care
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1235:
1233:
1227:United States
1226:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1174:Cranial nerve
1172:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1140:Down syndrome
1137:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1068:United States
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1005:
1003:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
946:
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942:
938:
933:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
903:
900:
897:
894:
890:
887:
883:
879:
876:
872:
869:
865:
864:
863:
861:
857:
852:
846:
843:
842:voice therapy
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
804:
800:
796:
792:
789:
785:
782:
781:
780:
773:
771:
769:
760:
758:
756:
755:psychologists
752:
751:pediatricians
748:
744:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
666:
661:
659:
654:
652:
647:
646:
644:
643:
635:
632:
630:
621:
620:
618:
617:
616:
615:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
594:
591:
586:
585:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
554:
549:
548:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
517:
511:Organizations
510:
507:
506:
502:
501:
493:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
452:
451:
445:
444:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
387:
383:
380:
379:
373:
372:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
343:Normalization
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
330:
323:
322:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
293:
292:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
268:Special needs
266:
265:
261:
258:
256:
255:Mainstreaming
253:
252:
246:
245:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
226:Medical model
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
213:
206:
205:
202:
198:
189:
179:
175:
173:
169:
164:
160:
155:
150:
145:
142:
134:
131:
123:
112:
109:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81: –
80:
76:
75:Find sources:
69:
65:
59:
58:
53:This article
51:
47:
42:
41:
36:
34:
19:
5867:Vocal skills
5791:(1): 61–70.
5788:
5784:
5774:
5753:
5739:Radiographer
5714:Phlebotomist
5689:Nutritionist
5422:Folie à deux
5347:Intoxication
5328:substances,
5326:Psychoactive
5245:Night terror
5062:Dissociative
5026:Panic attack
4578:Tic disorder
4098:Speech error
4023:and related
3963:
3862:
3835:
3796:Degenerative
3533:Inflammatory
3480:
3413:Stiff-person
3251:Parkinsonism
3224:Degenerative
3121:Encephalitis
3104:Inflammation
3094:, primarily
3008:
2982:
2955:
2951:
2935:. Retrieved
2896:
2892:
2863:
2857:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2800:(1): 59–88.
2797:
2793:
2787:
2760:
2756:
2746:
2734:. Retrieved
2730:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2678:
2674:
2668:
2659:
2650:
2636:(2): 38–44.
2633:
2629:
2623:
2611:. Retrieved
2604:
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2578:
2569:
2557:. Retrieved
2553:
2544:
2532:. Retrieved
2522:
2508:cite journal
2494:(3): 46–47.
2491:
2487:
2477:
2465:. Retrieved
2461:the original
2456:
2447:
2439:the original
2434:
2425:
2411:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2358:. Retrieved
2330:
2326:
2316:
2271:
2267:
2257:
2245:. Retrieved
2240:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2109:the original
2104:
2100:
2090:
2078:. Retrieved
2074:
2065:
2056:
2046:
2027:
2006:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:
1975:
1956:
1950:
1938:. Retrieved
1934:
1921:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1853:
1847:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1801:
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1778:
1769:
1752:
1748:
1738:
1726:. Retrieved
1722:
1712:
1700:. Retrieved
1696:
1687:
1634:
1630:
1620:
1575:Oral myology
1506:laryngectomy
1471:Hearing loss
1239:
1230:
1219:Cleft palate
1180:Hearing loss
1156:, including
1136:cleft palate
1101:
1092:
1088:
1071:
1057:
1054:
1045:
1042:
1011:
953:audiologists
950:
934:
907:
855:
853:
850:
799:articulation
777:
764:
742:
739:
735:
731:
690:, including
683:
679:
675:
674:
535:Visitability
484:Freedom Pass
410:Mobility aid
312:
308:Occupational
236:Other models
231:Social model
159:Broca's area
141:
126:
120:January 2024
117:
107:
100:
93:
86:
74:
62:Please help
57:verification
54:
32:
5724:Prosthetist
5699:Optometrist
5619:Audiologist
5395:schizotypal
5230:Hypersomnia
5220:Nonorganic
4961:Agoraphobia
4692:Cyclothymia
4687:Bipolar NOS
4662:(affective)
4534:Stereotypic
4442:Kleptomania
4136:Dyscalculia
3948:Fazio–Londe
3788:Both/either
3582:Generalised
3441:Early-onset
3436:Alzheimer's
3171:spinal cord
2937:31 December
2713:VocalSaints
2585:19 December
2559:19 December
2554:Vocalsaints
2534:19 December
2130:(1): 4–18.
1283:Head injury
1271:Respiratory
1264:Puberphonia
1202:vocalic /r/
928:, and (vi)
924:(CAS), (v)
730:known as a
571:Deaflympics
425:Prosthetics
5826:Categories
5547:Stereotypy
5410:Delusional
5399:delusional
5372:Withdrawal
5240:Parasomnia
5145:Nosophobia
4925:Adjustment
4913:somatoform
4846:Sundowning
4699:Depression
4682:Bipolar II
4571:Stuttering
4566:Cluttering
4362:Paraphilia
4141:Dysgraphia
4108:Stuttering
4032:Conditions
3556:paroxysmal
3528:Autoimmune
3321:Dyskinesia
3191:Meningitis
3169:Brain and
2952:Pediatrics
2736:25 October
2467:15 January
2360:10 October
2291:10344/7789
1702:27 January
1652:1893/26112
1612:References
1399:Pragmatics
1374:dysarthria
1344:disfluency
1340:stuttering
1336:Stammering
1300:including
1207:Pediatric
1204:and lisps)
1123:swallowing
981:dietitians
957:physicians
926:stuttering
886:morphology
875:pragmatics
814:morphology
808:language (
716:swallowing
692:expressive
684:logopedics
629:Disability
553:Parasports
201:Disability
90:newspapers
5805:1038-5282
5704:Orthotist
5639:Dietitian
5500:Catatonia
5432:Psychosis
5267:Postnatal
5250:Nightmare
4856:Wandering
4709:Dysthymia
4677:Bipolar I
4632:Pervasive
4447:Pyromania
4372:Voyeurism
4367:Fetishism
3553:Episodic/
3431:Tauopathy
3382:Akathisia
3370:Myoclonus
3353:Athetosis
3285:Tauopathy
3001:814245820
2849:143521296
2355:246902770
2057:Speech SF
1728:3 October
1661:1469-493X
1436:dysphagia
1359:dysphonia
1328:(such as
1127:dysphagia
1014:hospitals
985:educators
937:dysphagia
912:and (ii)
910:receptive
893:semantics
822:semantics
810:phonology
795:phonation
728:clinician
712:pragmatic
338:Inclusion
249:Education
5813:33274537
5235:Insomnia
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4021:Dyslexia
3919:SMALED2B
3914:SMALED2A
3611:Migraine
3603:Headache
3569:epilepsy
3565:Seizures
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2974:16452337
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2814:10665513
2779:12012617
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2347:35172643
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2247:15 April
2241:ASHA.org
2187:15588361
2144:18230810
2075:ASHA.org
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1051:Research
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916:, (iii)
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