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In lateral conjugation, gametes are formed in a single filament. Two adjoining cells near the common transverse wall give out protuberances known as conjugation tubes, which further form the conjugation canal upon contact. The male cytoplasm migrates through the conjugation canal, fusing with the
442:
Scalariform conjugation requires association of two or more different filaments lined side by side, either partially or throughout their length. One cell each from opposite lined filaments emits tubular protuberances known as conjugation tubes, which elongate and fuse to make a passage called the
282:
grows under water, but when there is enough sunlight and warmth they produce large amounts of oxygen, adhering as bubbles between the tangled filaments. The filamentous masses come to the surface and become visible as slimy green mats.
262:
measures approximately 10 to 100 micrometres in width and may grow to several centimetres in length. It is often observed as green slimy patches on the ground near ponds and other water bodies having stagnant water.
443:
conjugation canal. The cytoplasm of the cell acting as the male travels through this tube and fuses with the female cytoplasm, and the gametes fuse to form a zygospore.
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451:
The essential difference is that scalariform conjugation occurs between two filaments and lateral conjugation occurs between two adjacent cells on the same filament.
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The
Zygnemataceae (fresh-water conjugate algae) with keys for the identification of genera and species, and seven hundred eighty-nine illustrations
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can reproduce both sexually and asexually. In vegetative reproduction, fragmentation takes place, and
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female. The rest of the process proceeds as in scalariform conjugation.
432:
336: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
5938:
43:
5545:
5830:
5912:
412:
243:
5759:. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press. pp. 123–230.
254:
species, of which there are more than 400, are commonly found in
5834:
5899:
305:
278:
water, developing slimy filamentous green masses. In spring
54:
with its characteristic helically arranged chloroplasts
23:. For the other genus of algae called blanket weed, see
5843:
5815:John Whitton, B.A. and Brook, A.J. (editors) 2002.
5817:The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles.
459:The following species are currently accepted:
8:
5793:"UMA HISTÓRIA QUE GIRA EM TORNO DE UMA ALGA"
2198:(Jenner ex Hassall) P.Crouan & H.Crouan
435:to extend the length of the new filaments.
5831:
42:
31:
2518:Stancheva, J.D.Hall, McCourt & Sheath
1040:Stancheva, J.D.Hall, McCourt & Sheath
396:Learn how and when to remove this message
5819:Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
5676:
5562:
5650:from algal blooming in Westfalian pond
5541:was named after this genus of algae.
438:Sexual reproduction is of two types:
250:that is characteristic of the genus.
7:
6001:6a58fa2c-1a70-45f5-9d23-800aeaa0cdd4
334:adding citations to reliable sources
1344:(Wittrock & Nordstedt) Transeau
274:is very common in relatively clear
5619:(Each numbered tick = 122 μm)
163:(O. F. Müller) Dumortier
14:
5634:(Each numbered tick = 20 μm)
2268:(Gauthier-Lièvre) Gauthier-Lièvre
840:(Hassall) P.Crouan & H.Crouan
5655:
5639:
5624:
5609:
5593:
5579:
5565:
5326:I.C A.Dias & C.E.de M.Bicudo
2828:(Prasad & Dutta) Kadlubowska
2568:J.-H.Kim, Y.H.Kim, & I.K.Lee
310:
63:
4822:Spirogyra subsalso-punctatulata
321:needs additional citations for
16:Genus of charophyte green algae
5544:It is also the subject of the
5166:R.J.Patel & C.K.Asok Kumar
1:
3912:Spirogyra pseudosubreticulata
3271:Spirogyra neorhizobranchialis
1411:(West & G.S.West) Krieger
417:The freshwater alga Spirogyra
246:or spiral arrangement of the
5665:algal bloom in Romanian pond
3615:(West & G.S.West) Czurda
3185:N.C.Ferrer & E.J.Cáceres
1621:(V.I.Polyanskij) L.A.Rundina
1350:Spirogyra crassivallicularis
228:) is a genus of filamentous
4396:(Roth) Martens ex Meneghini
6079:
5551:song "Spirogyra story" by
5537:American jazz fusion band
5322:Spirogyra verrucogranulata
4632:Spirogyra subcylindrospora
4586:F.E.Fritsch & M.F.Rich
4316:M.Singh & M.Srivastava
4192:Spirogyra rhizobranchialis
3922:Spirogyra pseudotenuissima
3872:Spirogyra pseudoreticulata
3792:Spirogyra pseudojuergensii
3762:Spirogyra pseudocylindrica
3732:Spirogyra pseudoaedaloides
3091:Spirogyra minuticrassoidea
2678:(Bhashyakarla Rao) Krieger
1994:Spirogyra gauthier-lievrae
1537:Spirogyra desikacharyensis
1130:(Bhashyakarla Rao) Kreiger
950:Kasanowsky & Smirnoff
21:Spirogyra (disambiguation)
18:
4762:Spirogyra subpolytaeniata
4622:Spirogyra subcrassiuscula
4182:Spirogyra rhizobrachialis
4082:Spirogyra quinquilaminata
4002:Spirogyra pulchrifigurata
3902:Spirogyra pseudospreeiana
3862:Spirogyra pseudopulchrata
3812:Spirogyra pseudomajuscula
3802:Spirogyra pseudomaiuscula
3782:Spirogyra pseudogranulata
3772:Spirogyra pseudogibberosa
3752:Spirogyra pseudocorrugata
1617:Spirogyra diversizygotica
1527:Spirogyra dentireticulata
1136:Spirogyra chandigarhensis
856:Spirogyra bichromatophora
187:
180:
173:
168:
155:
148:
60:Scientific classification
58:
50:
41:
34:
5753:Transeau, E. N. (1951).
5516:S.Skinner & Entwisle
5282:Spirogyra venkataramanii
4702:Spirogyra submargaritata
4672:Spirogyra sublambertiana
4332:Spirogyra schweickerdtii
4042:Spirogyra quadrilaminata
3942:Spirogyra pseudotexensis
3932:Spirogyra pseudotetrapla
3882:Spirogyra pseudorhizopus
3842:Spirogyra pseudonodifera
3832:Spirogyra pseudoneglecta
3575:A.M.Verma & B.Kumari
3181:Spirogyra multiconjugata
3145:A.M.Verma & B.Kumari
3041:Spirogyra microgranulata
2704:Spirogyra latireticulata
2154:Spirogyra gurdaspurensis
2124:Spirogyra guangchowensis
1984:Spirogyra gaterslebensis
1818:Y.-X.Wei & Y.-K.Yung
1718:Y.J.Ling & Y.M.Zheng
1407:Spirogyra cylindrosperma
1163:Spirogyra chungkingensis
1026:Spirogyra calchaquiesiae
880:A.M.Verma & B.Kumari
556:Spirogyra ahmedabadensis
526:Spirogyra aequinoctialis
5811:at microscopy-uk.org.uk
5765:10.5962/bhl.title.10220
5492:Spirogyra xinxiangensis
5102:Spirogyra tsingtaoensis
4902:Spirogyra szechwanensis
4792:Spirogyra subreticulata
4742:Spirogyra subpapulatata
4682:Spirogyra subluteospora
4402:Spirogyra shantungensis
4112:Spirogyra rectangularis
3962:Spirogyra pseudovenusta
3952:Spirogyra pseudovarians
3686:(Vaucher) Link ex Meyen
3581:Spirogyra peipeingensis
3521:Spirogyra paraguayensis
3321:Spirogyra novae-angliae
3071:Spirogyra mienningensis
3051:Spirogyra micropunctata
3004:Spirogyra meinningensis
2328:Britton & B.H.Smith
2234:Spirogyra herbipolensis
1774:Spirogyra endogranulata
1714:Spirogyra elegantissima
1694:Spirogyra eillipsospora
1417:Spirogyra cylindrospora
1183:Spirogyra circumlineata
1143:Spirogyra chekiangensis
1106:Spirogyra catenaeformis
1096:Spirogyra cataeniformis
786:Spirogyra australiensis
656:Spirogyra aphanosculpta
267:General characteristics
5710:"Algaebase, entry for
5685:"Algaebase, entry for
5482:Spirogyra xiaoganensis
5476:C.-C.Jao & H.-J.Hu
5466:C.-C.Jao & H.-J.Hu
5382:Spirogyra weishuiensis
5202:Spirogyra van-zantenii
5182:Spirogyra unduliseptum
5062:Spirogyra transeauiana
4922:Spirogyra taiyuanensis
4892:Spirogyra supervarians
4772:Spirogyra subpratensis
4752:Spirogyra subpellucida
4692:Spirogyra submajuscula
4652:Spirogyra subfossulata
4602:Spirogyra subcolligata
4542:Spirogyra sphaerospora
4532:Spirogyra sphaerocarpa
4382:Spirogyra senegalensis
4352:Spirogyra scrobiculata
4302:Spirogyra sanjingensis
4012:Spirogyra puncticulata
3972:Spirogyra pseudowoodii
3892:Spirogyra pseudosahnii
3822:Spirogyra pseudomaxima
3742:Spirogyra pseudobellis
3665:(O.F.Müller) Dumortier
3641:Spirogyra polytaeniata
3481:Spirogyra palghatensis
3371:Spirogyra occidentalis
3311:Spirogyra nova-angliae
3141:Spirogyra mithalaensis
3031:Spirogyra microdictyon
3011:Spirogyra meridionalis
2824:Spirogyra lucknowensis
2744:Spirogyra lenticularis
2614:Spirogyra labyrinthica
2594:Spirogyra kuusamoensis
2144:Spirogyra gujaratensis
2114:Spirogyra groenlandica
2054:Spirogyra globulispora
1924:Spirogyra frankliniana
1764:Spirogyra emilianensis
1724:Spirogyra ellipsospora
1561:C.-C.Jao & H.Z.Zhu
1501:(O.F.Müller) Dumortier
1477:Spirogyra daedaleoides
1340:Spirogyra crassiuscula
1056:Spirogyra canaliculata
966:Spirogyra braziliensis
956:Spirogyra bourrellyana
946:Spirogyra borysthenica
896:Spirogyra bireticulata
846:Spirogyra bicalyptrata
476:Spirogyra acanthophora
418:
216:(common names include
6022:Paleobiology Database
5522:Spirogyra yunnanensis
5502:Spirogyra yexianensis
5462:Spirogyra wuchanensis
5402:Spirogyra welwitschii
5392:Spirogyra weletischii
5342:Spirogyra verruculosa
5316:C.-C.Jao & H.J.Hu
5312:Spirogyra vermiculata
5122:Spirogyra tuberculosa
5112:Spirogyra tuberculata
5052:Spirogyra trachycarpa
5022:Spirogyra tjibodensis
4872:Spirogyra sundanensis
4642:Spirogyra subechinata
4526:(Misra) Willi Krieger
4492:Spirogyra skvortzowii
4422:Spirogyra shenzaensis
4412:Spirogyra shanxiensis
4172:Spirogyra reticuliana
4162:Spirogyra reticulatum
4136:(Cedercreutz) Krieger
4062:Spirogyra quilonensis
3852:Spirogyra pseudoplena
3561:Spirogyra pascheriana
3285:(O.F.Müller) Leiblein
3251:Spirogyra nawaschinii
3231:Spirogyra narcissiana
3225:C.-C.Jao & H.J.Hu
3201:Spirogyra multistrata
3191:Spirogyra multiformis
3171:Spirogyra montserrati
3101:Spirogyra minutifossa
2964:Spirogyra margaritata
2934:Spirogyra maravillosa
2884:Spirogyra maghrebiana
2834:Spirogyra lushanensis
2784:Spirogyra lismorensis
2754:Spirogyra lentiformis
2664:Spirogyra lambertiana
2634:Spirogyra lagerheimii
2424:Spirogyra irregularis
2244:Spirogyra heterospora
2204:Spirogyra hatillensis
2164:Spirogyra haimenensis
1964:Spirogyra fuzhouensis
1944:Spirogyra fritschiana
1864:Spirogyra fluviatilis
1684:Spirogyra echinospora
1654:Spirogyra drilonensis
1627:Spirogyra djalonensis
1567:Spirogyra dictyospora
1517:Spirogyra denticulata
1390:Spirogyra cyanosporum
1380:Spirogyra croasdaleae
1330:Spirogyra crassispina
1253:Spirogyra congolensis
1126:Spirogyra chakiaensis
1076:Spirogyra caroliniana
1036:Spirogyra californica
756:Spirogyra atrobrunnea
706:Spirogyra arizonensis
680:(C.Agardh) Endlichter
666:Spirogyra aplanospora
646:Spirogyra anzygoapora
416:
5778:AlgaeBase entry for
5472:Spirogyra wuhanensis
5452:Spirogyra wrightiana
5432:Spirogyra wittrockii
5242:Spirogyra variformis
5236:Rickert & Hoshaw
5232:Spirogyra variaspora
5212:Spirogyra variabilis
5196:C.-C.Jao & Zhong
5132:Spirogyra tucumaniae
5082:Spirogyra trochainii
5072:Spirogyra triplicata
5012:Spirogyra tibetensis
4982:Spirogyra teodoresci
4972:Spirogyra tenuissima
4962:Spirogyra tenuispina
4832:Spirogyra subtropica
4782:Spirogyra subreflexa
4732:Spirogyra subobovata
4592:Spirogyra subbullata
4582:Spirogyra subaffinis
4552:Spirogyra spinescens
4472:Spirogyra singularis
4392:Spirogyra setiformis
4372:Spirogyra semiornata
4236:(Hassall) Rabenhorst
4152:Spirogyra reticulata
4142:Spirogyra reinhardii
4122:Spirogyra rectispira
4022:Spirogyra punctulata
3916:Rickert & Hoshaw
3661:Spirogyra porticalis
3651:Spirogyra porangabae
3631:Spirogyra polymorpha
3621:Spirogyra poljanskii
3571:Spirogyra patliputri
3541:Spirogyra parvispora
3471:Spirogyra pachyderma
3441:Spirogyra ouarsenica
3431:Spirogyra orthospira
3421:Spirogyra orientalis
3411:Spirogyra oltmannsii
3405:C.-C.Jao & Zhong
3391:Spirogyra olivascens
3381:Spirogyra oligocarpa
3275:C.-C.Jao & Zheng
3211:Spirogyra multitrata
3061:Spirogyra microspora
2954:Spirogyra margalefii
2874:Spirogyra macrospora
2844:Spirogyra luteospora
2804:Spirogyra longifissa
2794:Spirogyra lodziensis
2734:Spirogyra laxistrata
2714:Spirogyra latviensis
2654:Spirogyra lallandiae
2584:Spirogyra kundaensis
2474:Spirogyra jassiensis
2394:Spirogyra intermedia
2344:Spirogyra incrassata
2334:Spirogyra inconstans
2294:Spirogyra hunanensis
2284:Spirogyra hopeiensis
2274:Spirogyra hollandiae
2224:Spirogyra henanensis
2064:Spirogyra gobonensis
2014:Spirogyra gharbensis
1914:Spirogyra franconica
1844:Spirogyra flavescens
1834:Spirogyra ferruginea
1547:Spirogyra dialyderma
1461:(O.F.Müller) Kützing
1427:Spirogyra czubinskii
1397:Spirogyra cylindrica
1360:Spirogyra crassoidea
1284:Woodhead & Tweed
1243:Spirogyra condensata
1223:Spirogyra columbiana
1086:Spirogyra castanacea
976:Spirogyra britannica
970:(Nordstedt) Transeau
876:Spirogyra biharensis
806:Spirogyra azygospora
776:Spirogyra australica
726:Spirogyra articulata
720:Woodhead & Tweed
710:Rickert & Hoshaw
616:Spirogyra angolensis
586:Spirogyra amplectens
550:(F.E.Fritsch) Czurda
496:Spirogyra adjerensis
486:Spirogyra acumbentis
466:Spirogyra abbreviata
330:improve this article
158:Spirogyra porticalis
19:For other uses, see
5406:West & G.S.West
5396:West & G.S.West
5332:Spirogyra verrucosa
5262:Spirogyra vasishtii
5172:Spirogyra ugandense
4852:Spirogyra subvelata
4842:Spirogyra suburbana
4802:Spirogyra subsalina
4722:Spirogyra submaxima
4712:Spirogyra submarina
4662:Spirogyra subglabra
4612:Spirogyra subcrassa
4572:Spirogyra spreeiana
4562:Spirogyra splendida
4522:Spirogyra sphaerica
4452:Spirogyra silesiaca
4432:Spirogyra siamensis
4356:(Stockmayer) Czurda
4326:West & G.S.West
4322:Spirogyra schmidtii
4306:Y.Wang & Z.Wang
4272:Spirogyra rupestris
4232:Spirogyra rivularis
4202:Spirogyra rhizoides
4132:Spirogyra regularis
4092:Spirogyra randhawae
3986:(H.C.Wood) H.C.Wood
3982:Spirogyra pulchella
3926:O.Bock & W.Bock
3846:O.Bock & W.Bock
3746:W.J.Zhu & Zhong
3702:Spirogyra prolifica
3672:Spirogyra pratensis
3601:Spirogyra perforans
3591:Spirogyra pellucida
3451:Spirogyra oudhensis
3425:West & G.S.West
3331:Spirogyra nyctigama
3301:Spirogyra notabilis
3295:O.Bock & W.Bock
3221:Spirogyra mutabilis
3161:Spirogyra monodiana
3111:Spirogyra mirabilis
3085:(Schmidle) Transeau
3015:W.J.Zhu & Zhong
2994:Spirogyra megaspora
2958:Aboal & Llimona
2904:Spirogyra majuscula
2868:Britton & Smith
2854:Spirogyra lutetiana
2694:Spirogyra lapponica
2684:Spirogyra lamellosa
2674:Spirogyra lamellata
2624:Spirogyra lacustris
2574:Spirogyra krubergii
2524:Spirogyra kaffirita
2478:(Teodoresco) Czurda
2444:Spirogyra iyengarii
2434:Spirogyra ivorensis
2368:(Vaucher) Dumortier
2304:Spirogyra hungarica
2264:Spirogyra hoggarica
2238:O.Bock & W.Bock
2194:Spirogyra hassallii
2134:Spirogyra guineense
2094:Spirogyra granulata
2034:Spirogyra gibberosa
2004:Spirogyra gauthieri
1954:Spirogyra fukienica
1918:O.Bock & W.Bock
1904:Spirogyra foveolata
1894:Spirogyra fossulata
1854:Spirogyra flavicans
1788:West & G.S.West
1778:O.Bock & W.Bock
1758:(Vaucher) Dumortier
1748:(H.C.Wood) H.C.Wood
1734:Spirogyra elliptica
1637:Spirogyra djiliense
1597:Spirogyra discoidea
1557:Spirogyra dicephala
1447:Spirogyra czurdiana
1421:West & G.S.West
1370:Spirogyra crenulata
1364:(Transeau) Transeau
1310:Spirogyra coumbiana
1300:Spirogyra costulata
1280:Spirogyra corrugata
1273:Spirogyra convoluta
1263:Spirogyra conspicua
1247:(Vaucher) Dumortier
1213:Spirogyra colligata
1046:Spirogyra calospora
936:Spirogyra borkuense
860:(Randhawa) Transeau
826:Spirogyra batekiana
796:Spirogyra austriaca
766:Spirogyra aubvillei
576:Spirogyra alternata
175:Over 400; see text
5352:Spirogyra voltaica
5256:Prasad & Dutta
5252:Spirogyra varshaii
5162:Spirogyra tuwensis
5076:(Collins) Transeau
5032:Spirogyra tolosana
5002:Spirogyra tetrapla
4956:(Transeau) Krieger
4942:Spirogyra taylorii
4912:Spirogyra taftiana
4812:Spirogyra subsalsa
4716:(Collins) Transeau
4512:Spirogyra speciosa
4462:Spirogyra sinensis
4442:Spirogyra siberica
4262:Spirogyra rugulosa
4222:Spirogyra rhodopea
4212:Spirogyra rhizopus
4102:Spirogyra rattanii
4052:Spirogyra quezelii
4032:Spirogyra quadrata
3722:Spirogyra protecta
3692:Spirogyra proavita
3682:Spirogyra princeps
3511:Spirogyra paradoxa
3501:Spirogyra papulata
3491:Spirogyra paludosa
3401:Spirogyra ollicola
3291:Spirogyra nodifera
3261:Spirogyra neglecta
3241:Spirogyra natchita
3131:Spirogyra mirifica
3021:Spirogyra miamiana
2988:(Hassall) Wittrock
2974:Spirogyra marocana
2944:Spirogyra marchica
2924:Spirogyra manormae
2914:Spirogyra malmeana
2544:Spirogyra karnalae
2494:Spirogyra jogensis
2454:Spirogyra jaoensis
2374:Spirogyra insignis
2214:Spirogyra heeriana
2184:Spirogyra hassalii
2174:Spirogyra hartigii
2104:Spirogyra gratiana
2084:Spirogyra gracilis
1754:Spirogyra elongata
1744:Spirogyra elongata
1674:Spirogyra echinata
1647:Spirogyra dodgeana
1607:Spirogyra distenta
1587:Spirogyra dimorpha
1497:Spirogyra decimina
1467:Spirogyra daedalea
1457:Spirogyra dacimina
1233:Spirogyra communis
1203:Spirogyra cleveana
1066:Spirogyra cardinia
1016:Spirogyra calcarea
996:Spirogyra buchetii
916:Spirogyra borgeana
906:Spirogyra borealis
866:Spirogyra biformis
746:Spirogyra atasiana
736:Spirogyra asiatica
696:Spirogyra areolata
626:Spirogyra angulata
596:Spirogyra ampliata
546:Spirogyra africana
516:Spirogyra adornata
419:
6050:
6049:
6009:Open Tree of Life
5837:Taxon identifiers
5527:
5517:
5507:
5497:
5487:
5477:
5467:
5457:
5447:
5442:Spirogyra wollnyi
5437:
5427:
5417:
5407:
5397:
5387:
5377:
5367:
5357:
5347:
5337:
5336:(C.B.Rao) Krieger
5327:
5317:
5307:
5302:Spirogyra venusta
5297:
5287:
5277:
5267:
5257:
5247:
5237:
5227:
5226:(Hassall) Kützing
5222:Spirogyra varians
5217:
5216:C.-C.Jao & Hu
5207:
5197:
5187:
5177:
5167:
5157:
5152:Spirogyra turfosa
5147:
5137:
5127:
5117:
5107:
5097:
5092:Spirogyra tropica
5087:
5077:
5067:
5057:
5047:
5037:
5027:
5017:
5007:
4997:
4992:Spirogyra ternata
4987:
4977:
4976:(Hassall) Kützing
4967:
4957:
4952:Spirogyra tenuior
4947:
4937:
4927:
4917:
4907:
4897:
4887:
4882:Spirogyra superba
4877:
4867:
4862:Spirogyra sulcata
4857:
4847:
4837:
4827:
4817:
4807:
4797:
4787:
4777:
4767:
4757:
4747:
4737:
4727:
4717:
4707:
4697:
4687:
4686:C.-C.Jao & Hu
4677:
4667:
4657:
4647:
4637:
4627:
4617:
4607:
4597:
4587:
4577:
4567:
4557:
4547:
4537:
4527:
4517:
4507:
4502:Spirogyra smithii
4497:
4487:
4477:
4467:
4457:
4447:
4437:
4427:
4417:
4407:
4397:
4387:
4377:
4367:
4362:Spirogyra sculpta
4357:
4347:
4342:Spirogyra scripta
4337:
4327:
4317:
4307:
4297:
4287:
4277:
4267:
4257:
4256:(Transeau) Czurda
4247:
4242:Spirogyra robusta
4237:
4227:
4217:
4207:
4197:
4187:
4177:
4167:
4157:
4147:
4137:
4127:
4117:
4107:
4097:
4087:
4077:
4072:Spirogyra quinina
4067:
4057:
4047:
4037:
4036:(Hassall) P.Petit
4027:
4017:
4007:
3997:
3992:Spirogyra pulchra
3987:
3977:
3967:
3957:
3947:
3937:
3927:
3917:
3907:
3897:
3887:
3877:
3867:
3857:
3847:
3837:
3827:
3817:
3807:
3797:
3787:
3777:
3767:
3757:
3747:
3737:
3727:
3717:
3712:Spirogyra propria
3707:
3697:
3687:
3677:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3636:
3626:
3616:
3606:
3596:
3595:(Hassall) Kützing
3586:
3576:
3566:
3556:
3555:(Transeau) Czurda
3551:Spirogyra parvula
3546:
3536:
3535:(Hassall) Kützing
3526:
3516:
3506:
3496:
3486:
3476:
3466:
3461:Spirogyra ovigera
3456:
3446:
3436:
3426:
3416:
3406:
3396:
3386:
3376:
3375:(Transeau) Czurda
3366:
3361:Spirogyra obovata
3356:
3351:Spirogyra oblonga
3346:
3336:
3326:
3316:
3306:
3296:
3286:
3276:
3266:
3265:(Hassall) Kützing
3256:
3246:
3236:
3226:
3216:
3206:
3196:
3186:
3176:
3166:
3156:
3146:
3136:
3126:
3121:Spirogyra miranda
3116:
3115:(Hassall) Kützing
3106:
3096:
3086:
3076:
3066:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3035:C.-C.Jao & Hu
3026:
3016:
2999:
2989:
2979:
2969:
2959:
2949:
2939:
2929:
2919:
2909:
2899:
2889:
2879:
2878:(C.B.Rao) Krieger
2869:
2864:Spirogyra lymerae
2859:
2849:
2839:
2829:
2819:
2814:Spirogyra lubrica
2809:
2799:
2789:
2779:
2769:
2759:
2749:
2739:
2729:
2719:
2709:
2699:
2689:
2679:
2669:
2659:
2649:
2639:
2629:
2619:
2609:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2569:
2564:Spirogyra koreana
2559:
2549:
2539:
2534:Spirogyra kamatii
2529:
2519:
2514:Spirogyra juliana
2509:
2508:(Dillwyn) Kützing
2504:Spirogyra jugalis
2499:
2489:
2484:Spirogyra jatobae
2479:
2469:
2459:
2449:
2439:
2429:
2428:Nägeli ex Kützing
2419:
2409:
2404:Spirogyra intorta
2399:
2389:
2384:Spirogyra insueta
2379:
2378:(Hassall) Kützing
2369:
2364:Spirogyra inflata
2359:
2349:
2339:
2329:
2324:Spirogyra hymerae
2319:
2314:Spirogyra hyalina
2309:
2299:
2289:
2279:
2269:
2259:
2254:Spirogyra hoehnei
2249:
2239:
2229:
2219:
2218:Nägeli ex Kützing
2209:
2199:
2189:
2179:
2178:(Kützing) De Toni
2169:
2159:
2149:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2089:
2079:
2074:Spirogyra goetzei
2069:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1974:Spirogyra gallica
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1934:Spirogyra frigida
1929:
1919:
1909:
1908:(Transeau) Czurda
1899:
1898:C.-C.Jao & Hu
1889:
1879:
1878:(Transeau) Czurda
1874:Spirogyra formosa
1869:
1859:
1849:
1848:(Hassall) Kützing
1839:
1829:
1824:Spirogyra fennica
1819:
1809:
1804:Spirogyra fassula
1799:
1789:
1779:
1769:
1759:
1749:
1739:
1729:
1719:
1709:
1704:Spirogyra elegans
1699:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1659:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1592:
1582:
1572:
1562:
1552:
1542:
1532:
1522:
1512:
1502:
1492:
1482:
1472:
1462:
1452:
1442:
1437:Spirogyra czurdae
1432:
1422:
1412:
1402:
1385:
1375:
1365:
1355:
1345:
1335:
1325:
1324:(Kützing) Kützing
1315:
1305:
1295:
1290:Spirogyra costata
1285:
1268:
1258:
1248:
1238:
1237:(Hassall) Kützing
1228:
1218:
1208:
1198:
1193:Spirogyra clavata
1188:
1178:
1173:Spirogyra chuniae
1168:
1158:
1148:
1131:
1121:
1111:
1110:(Hassall) Kützing
1101:
1100:(Hassall) Kützing
1091:
1081:
1071:
1061:
1051:
1041:
1031:
1021:
1011:
1006:Spirogyra bullata
1001:
991:
986:Spirogyra brunnea
981:
971:
961:
951:
941:
931:
921:
911:
901:
891:
881:
871:
861:
851:
841:
831:
821:
816:Spirogyra baileyi
811:
801:
791:
781:
771:
761:
751:
741:
731:
721:
716:Spirogyra arthuri
711:
701:
691:
686:Spirogyra arcuata
681:
671:
661:
651:
641:
636:Spirogyra anomala
631:
621:
611:
606:Spirogyra anchora
601:
591:
581:
571:
561:
551:
541:
536:Spirogyra affinis
531:
521:
511:
510:(Vaucher) Kützing
501:
491:
481:
471:
428:simply undergoes
406:
405:
398:
380:
222:mermaid's tresses
209:
208:
203:
195:
144:
6070:
6043:
6042:
6030:
6029:
6017:
6016:
6004:
6003:
5994:
5993:
5981:
5980:
5978:NHMSYS0000606255
5968:
5967:
5955:
5954:
5942:
5941:
5929:
5928:
5916:
5915:
5903:
5902:
5890:
5889:
5877:
5876:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5832:
5800:
5799:
5798:(in Portuguese).
5797:
5789:
5783:
5775:
5769:
5768:
5750:
5744:
5743:
5734:Jan Parmentier.
5731:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5720:
5706:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5695:
5681:
5659:
5643:
5628:
5613:
5597:
5583:
5569:
5525:
5515:
5505:
5495:
5485:
5475:
5465:
5455:
5445:
5435:
5425:
5422:Spirogyra willei
5415:
5412:Spirogyra westii
5405:
5395:
5386:Ling & Zheng
5385:
5375:
5372:Spirogyra weberi
5365:
5362:Spirogyra wangii
5355:
5345:
5335:
5325:
5315:
5305:
5295:
5292:Spirogyra venosa
5285:
5275:
5272:Spirogyra velata
5265:
5255:
5245:
5235:
5225:
5215:
5205:
5195:
5192:Spirogyra urbana
5185:
5175:
5165:
5155:
5145:
5142:Spirogyra tumida
5135:
5126:Liang & Wang
5125:
5115:
5105:
5095:
5085:
5075:
5065:
5055:
5045:
5035:
5025:
5015:
5005:
4995:
4985:
4975:
4965:
4955:
4945:
4935:
4932:Spirogyra tandae
4925:
4915:
4905:
4895:
4885:
4875:
4865:
4855:
4845:
4835:
4825:
4815:
4805:
4795:
4786:Liang & Wang
4785:
4775:
4765:
4755:
4745:
4735:
4725:
4715:
4705:
4696:Ling & Zheng
4695:
4685:
4675:
4666:Zheng & Ling
4665:
4655:
4645:
4635:
4625:
4615:
4605:
4595:
4585:
4575:
4565:
4555:
4545:
4535:
4525:
4515:
4505:
4495:
4485:
4482:Spirogyra skujae
4475:
4465:
4455:
4445:
4435:
4425:
4416:Zheng & Ling
4415:
4405:
4395:
4385:
4375:
4365:
4355:
4345:
4335:
4325:
4315:
4312:Spirogyra sarmae
4305:
4295:
4292:Spirogyra salina
4285:
4282:Spirogyra sahnii
4275:
4265:
4255:
4252:Spirogyra rugosa
4246:(Nygaard) Czurda
4245:
4235:
4225:
4215:
4205:
4195:
4185:
4175:
4165:
4155:
4145:
4135:
4125:
4115:
4105:
4095:
4085:
4075:
4065:
4055:
4045:
4035:
4025:
4015:
4005:
3995:
3985:
3975:
3965:
3955:
3945:
3935:
3925:
3915:
3905:
3895:
3885:
3875:
3865:
3855:
3845:
3835:
3825:
3815:
3805:
3795:
3785:
3775:
3765:
3755:
3745:
3735:
3725:
3715:
3705:
3695:
3685:
3675:
3664:
3654:
3644:
3634:
3624:
3614:
3604:
3594:
3584:
3574:
3564:
3554:
3544:
3534:
3524:
3515:Bhashyakarla Rao
3514:
3504:
3494:
3484:
3474:
3464:
3454:
3444:
3434:
3424:
3415:Huber-Pestalozzi
3414:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3374:
3364:
3354:
3344:
3341:Spirogyra oblata
3334:
3324:
3314:
3304:
3294:
3284:
3281:Spirogyra nitida
3274:
3264:
3254:
3244:
3234:
3224:
3215:Zheng & Ling
3214:
3205:Zheng & Ling
3204:
3194:
3184:
3174:
3164:
3154:
3151:Spirogyra moebii
3144:
3135:Zheng & Ling
3134:
3124:
3114:
3104:
3094:
3084:
3074:
3064:
3054:
3044:
3034:
3024:
3014:
2997:
2987:
2984:Spirogyra maxima
2977:
2967:
2957:
2947:
2937:
2927:
2917:
2907:
2897:
2887:
2877:
2867:
2857:
2847:
2837:
2827:
2817:
2807:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2774:Spirogyra libyca
2767:
2757:
2747:
2737:
2727:
2717:
2708:Zheng & Ling
2707:
2697:
2687:
2677:
2667:
2657:
2647:
2637:
2627:
2617:
2607:
2604:Spirogyra labbei
2597:
2587:
2577:
2567:
2557:
2547:
2537:
2527:
2517:
2507:
2497:
2487:
2477:
2467:
2457:
2447:
2437:
2427:
2417:
2407:
2397:
2387:
2377:
2367:
2357:
2354:Spirogyra indica
2347:
2337:
2327:
2317:
2307:
2297:
2287:
2277:
2267:
2257:
2247:
2237:
2227:
2217:
2207:
2197:
2187:
2177:
2167:
2157:
2147:
2137:
2127:
2117:
2107:
2097:
2087:
2077:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2044:Spirogyra glabra
2037:
2027:
2024:Spirogyra ghosei
2017:
2007:
1997:
1987:
1977:
1967:
1957:
1947:
1937:
1927:
1917:
1907:
1897:
1887:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1847:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1814:Spirogyra favosa
1807:
1798:(Hansgirg) Wille
1797:
1794:Spirogyra fallax
1787:
1784:Spirogyra exilis
1777:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1737:
1727:
1717:
1707:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1667:
1657:
1640:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1590:
1580:
1577:Spirogyra diluta
1570:
1560:
1551:Ling & Zheng
1550:
1540:
1530:
1520:
1510:
1500:
1490:
1487:Spirogyra danica
1480:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1430:
1420:
1410:
1400:
1383:
1373:
1363:
1353:
1343:
1333:
1323:
1320:Spirogyra crassa
1313:
1303:
1293:
1283:
1266:
1256:
1246:
1236:
1226:
1216:
1206:
1196:
1186:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1153:Spirogyra chenii
1146:
1129:
1119:
1116:Spirogyra cavata
1109:
1099:
1089:
1079:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1019:
1009:
999:
989:
979:
969:
959:
949:
939:
929:
926:Spirogyra borgei
919:
910:Zheng & Ling
909:
899:
889:
879:
869:
859:
849:
839:
836:Spirogyra bellis
829:
819:
809:
799:
789:
779:
769:
759:
749:
739:
729:
719:
709:
699:
689:
679:
669:
659:
649:
640:Bhashyakarla Rao
639:
629:
619:
609:
599:
589:
579:
569:
566:Spirogyra alpina
559:
549:
539:
529:
519:
509:
506:Spirogyra adnata
499:
489:
479:
469:
401:
394:
390:
387:
381:
379:
338:
314:
306:
242:, named for the
201:
193:
135:
100:Zygnematophyceae
68:
67:
46:
32:
6078:
6077:
6073:
6072:
6071:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6053:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6038:
6033:
6025:
6020:
6012:
6007:
5999:
5997:
5989:
5984:
5976:
5971:
5963:
5958:
5950:
5945:
5937:
5932:
5924:
5919:
5911:
5906:
5898:
5893:
5885:
5880:
5872:
5867:
5858:
5857:
5852:
5839:
5804:
5803:
5795:
5791:
5790:
5786:
5776:
5772:
5752:
5751:
5747:
5733:
5732:
5728:
5718:
5716:
5708:
5707:
5703:
5693:
5691:
5683:
5682:
5678:
5673:
5666:
5660:
5651:
5644:
5635:
5629:
5620:
5614:
5605:
5598:
5589:
5584:
5575:
5570:
5561:
5535:
5530:
5356:Gauthier-Lièvre
5176:Gauthier-Lièvre
5086:Gauthier-Lièvre
5042:Spirogyra torta
4876:Gauthier-Lièvre
4386:Gauthier-Lièvre
4366:Gauthier-Lièvre
4056:Gauthier-Lièvre
3816:Gauthier-Lièvre
3806:Gauthier-Lièvre
3776:Gauthier-Lièvre
3756:Gauthier-Lièvre
3611:Spirogyra plena
3531:Spirogyra parva
3475:Gauthier-Lièvre
3445:Gauthier-Lièvre
3165:Gauthier-Lièvre
3081:Spirogyra minor
2978:Gauthier-Lièvre
2894:Spirogyra major
2888:Gauthier-Lièvre
2778:Gauthier-Lièvre
2764:Spirogyra lians
2608:Gauthier-Lièvre
2554:Spirogyra kolae
2438:Gauthier-Lièvre
2414:Spirogyra ionia
2388:Zhu & Zhong
2228:(L.J.Bi) L.J.Bi
2138:Gauthier-Lièvre
2128:Zhu & Zhong
2068:Gauthier-Lièvre
2058:Gauthier-Lièvre
2018:Gauthier-Lièvre
1884:Spirogyra fossa
1664:Spirogyra dubia
1641:Gauthier-Lièvre
1631:Gauthier-Lièvre
1507:Spirogyra densa
1257:Gauthier-Lièvre
960:Gauthier-Lièvre
940:Gauthier-Lièvre
830:Gauthier-Lièvre
770:Gauthier-Lièvre
760:Gauthier-Lièvre
676:Spirogyra arcta
540:(Hassall) Petit
500:Gauthier-Lièvre
457:
411:
402:
391:
385:
382:
339:
337:
327:
315:
269:
164:
161:
134:
62:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6076:
6074:
6066:
6065:
6055:
6054:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6044:
6031:
6018:
6005:
5995:
5982:
5969:
5956:
5943:
5930:
5917:
5904:
5891:
5878:
5865:
5849:
5847:
5841:
5840:
5835:
5829:
5828:
5813:
5802:
5801:
5784:
5770:
5745:
5726:
5701:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5667:
5661:
5654:
5652:
5645:
5638:
5636:
5630:
5623:
5621:
5615:
5608:
5606:
5599:
5592:
5590:
5585:
5578:
5576:
5571:
5564:
5560:
5557:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5528:
5518:
5512:Spirogyra yuin
5508:
5498:
5488:
5478:
5468:
5458:
5448:
5438:
5428:
5418:
5408:
5398:
5388:
5378:
5368:
5358:
5348:
5338:
5328:
5318:
5308:
5298:
5288:
5278:
5268:
5258:
5248:
5238:
5228:
5218:
5208:
5198:
5188:
5178:
5168:
5158:
5148:
5138:
5128:
5118:
5108:
5098:
5088:
5078:
5068:
5058:
5048:
5038:
5028:
5018:
5008:
4998:
4988:
4978:
4968:
4958:
4948:
4938:
4928:
4918:
4908:
4898:
4888:
4878:
4868:
4858:
4848:
4838:
4828:
4818:
4808:
4798:
4788:
4778:
4768:
4758:
4748:
4738:
4728:
4718:
4708:
4698:
4688:
4678:
4668:
4658:
4648:
4638:
4628:
4618:
4608:
4598:
4588:
4578:
4568:
4558:
4548:
4538:
4528:
4518:
4508:
4498:
4488:
4478:
4468:
4458:
4448:
4438:
4428:
4418:
4408:
4398:
4388:
4378:
4368:
4358:
4348:
4338:
4328:
4318:
4308:
4298:
4288:
4278:
4268:
4258:
4248:
4238:
4228:
4218:
4208:
4198:
4188:
4178:
4168:
4158:
4148:
4138:
4128:
4118:
4108:
4098:
4088:
4078:
4068:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4028:
4018:
4008:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3958:
3948:
3938:
3928:
3918:
3908:
3898:
3888:
3878:
3868:
3858:
3848:
3838:
3828:
3818:
3808:
3798:
3788:
3778:
3768:
3758:
3748:
3738:
3728:
3718:
3708:
3698:
3688:
3678:
3668:
3657:
3647:
3637:
3627:
3617:
3607:
3597:
3587:
3577:
3567:
3557:
3547:
3537:
3527:
3517:
3507:
3497:
3487:
3477:
3467:
3457:
3447:
3437:
3427:
3417:
3407:
3397:
3387:
3377:
3367:
3357:
3347:
3337:
3327:
3317:
3307:
3297:
3287:
3277:
3267:
3257:
3247:
3237:
3227:
3217:
3207:
3197:
3187:
3177:
3167:
3157:
3147:
3137:
3127:
3117:
3107:
3097:
3087:
3077:
3067:
3057:
3047:
3037:
3027:
3017:
3007:
3000:
2990:
2980:
2970:
2960:
2950:
2940:
2930:
2920:
2910:
2900:
2890:
2880:
2870:
2860:
2850:
2840:
2830:
2820:
2810:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2760:
2750:
2740:
2730:
2724:Spirogyra laxa
2720:
2710:
2700:
2690:
2680:
2670:
2660:
2650:
2644:Spirogyra laka
2640:
2630:
2620:
2610:
2600:
2590:
2580:
2570:
2560:
2550:
2540:
2530:
2520:
2510:
2500:
2490:
2480:
2470:
2464:Spirogyra jaoi
2460:
2450:
2440:
2430:
2420:
2410:
2400:
2390:
2380:
2370:
2360:
2350:
2340:
2330:
2320:
2310:
2300:
2290:
2280:
2270:
2260:
2250:
2240:
2230:
2220:
2210:
2200:
2190:
2188:(Jenner) Petit
2180:
2170:
2160:
2150:
2140:
2130:
2120:
2110:
2100:
2090:
2080:
2070:
2060:
2050:
2040:
2030:
2020:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1980:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1940:
1930:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1860:
1850:
1840:
1830:
1820:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1780:
1770:
1760:
1750:
1740:
1730:
1720:
1710:
1700:
1690:
1680:
1670:
1660:
1650:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1563:
1553:
1543:
1533:
1523:
1513:
1503:
1493:
1483:
1473:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1433:
1423:
1413:
1403:
1393:
1386:
1376:
1366:
1356:
1346:
1336:
1326:
1316:
1306:
1296:
1286:
1276:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1239:
1229:
1219:
1209:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1139:
1132:
1122:
1112:
1102:
1092:
1082:
1072:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1032:
1022:
1012:
1002:
992:
982:
972:
962:
952:
942:
932:
922:
912:
902:
892:
882:
872:
862:
852:
842:
832:
822:
812:
802:
792:
782:
772:
762:
752:
742:
732:
722:
712:
702:
692:
682:
672:
662:
652:
642:
632:
622:
612:
602:
592:
582:
572:
562:
552:
542:
532:
522:
512:
502:
492:
482:
480:(Skuja) Czurda
472:
461:
456:
453:
449:
448:
444:
410:
407:
404:
403:
318:
316:
309:
268:
265:
207:
206:
205:
204:
196:
185:
184:
178:
177:
171:
170:
166:
165:
162:
153:
152:
146:
145:
127:
123:
122:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
77:
70:
69:
56:
55:
48:
47:
39:
38:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6075:
6064:
6063:Zygnemataceae
6061:
6060:
6058:
6041:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6023:
6019:
6015:
6010:
6006:
6002:
5996:
5992:
5987:
5983:
5979:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5896:
5892:
5888:
5883:
5879:
5875:
5870:
5866:
5861:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5833:
5826:
5825:0-521-77051-3
5822:
5818:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5806:
5805:
5794:
5788:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5771:
5766:
5762:
5758:
5757:
5749:
5746:
5741:
5740:Microscopy UK
5737:
5730:
5727:
5715:
5713:
5705:
5702:
5690:
5688:
5680:
5677:
5670:
5664:
5658:
5653:
5649:
5642:
5637:
5633:
5627:
5622:
5618:
5612:
5607:
5603:
5596:
5591:
5588:
5582:
5577:
5574:
5568:
5563:
5558:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5547:
5542:
5540:
5532:
5524:
5523:
5519:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5504:
5503:
5499:
5494:
5493:
5489:
5484:
5483:
5479:
5474:
5473:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5459:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5434:
5433:
5429:
5424:
5423:
5419:
5414:
5413:
5409:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5394:
5393:
5389:
5384:
5383:
5379:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5364:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5353:
5349:
5344:
5343:
5339:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5324:
5323:
5319:
5314:
5313:
5309:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5294:
5293:
5289:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5274:
5273:
5269:
5264:
5263:
5259:
5254:
5253:
5249:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5234:
5233:
5229:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5214:
5213:
5209:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5164:
5163:
5159:
5154:
5153:
5149:
5144:
5143:
5139:
5134:
5133:
5129:
5124:
5123:
5119:
5114:
5113:
5109:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5094:
5093:
5089:
5084:
5083:
5079:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5024:
5023:
5019:
5014:
5013:
5009:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4994:
4993:
4989:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4974:
4973:
4969:
4964:
4963:
4959:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4934:
4933:
4929:
4924:
4923:
4919:
4914:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4894:
4893:
4889:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4874:
4873:
4869:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4854:
4853:
4849:
4844:
4843:
4839:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4814:
4813:
4809:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4784:
4783:
4779:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4734:
4733:
4729:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4714:
4713:
4709:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4634:
4633:
4629:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4614:
4613:
4609:
4604:
4603:
4599:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4584:
4583:
4579:
4574:
4573:
4569:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4543:
4539:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4504:
4503:
4499:
4496:Willi Kreiger
4494:
4493:
4489:
4484:
4483:
4479:
4474:
4473:
4469:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4454:
4453:
4449:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4434:
4433:
4429:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4414:
4413:
4409:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4384:
4383:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4364:
4363:
4359:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4284:
4283:
4279:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4213:
4209:
4204:
4203:
4199:
4194:
4193:
4189:
4184:
4183:
4179:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4149:
4146:V.Chmielevsky
4144:
4143:
4139:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4124:
4123:
4119:
4114:
4113:
4109:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4083:
4079:
4074:
4073:
4069:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4033:
4029:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3976:V.J.Poljanski
3974:
3973:
3969:
3966:Liu & Wei
3964:
3963:
3959:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3884:
3883:
3879:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3804:
3803:
3799:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3704:
3703:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3408:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2966:
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2961:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2946:
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2941:
2936:
2935:
2931:
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2925:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2578:V.J.Poljanski
2576:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1003:
998:
997:
993:
988:
987:
983:
978:
977:
973:
968:
967:
963:
958:
957:
953:
948:
947:
943:
938:
937:
933:
928:
927:
923:
918:
917:
913:
908:
907:
903:
898:
897:
893:
888:
887:
886:Spirogyra bii
883:
878:
877:
873:
868:
867:
863:
858:
857:
853:
848:
847:
843:
838:
837:
833:
828:
827:
823:
818:
817:
813:
808:
807:
803:
798:
797:
793:
788:
787:
783:
778:
777:
773:
768:
767:
763:
758:
757:
753:
748:
747:
743:
738:
737:
733:
728:
727:
723:
718:
717:
713:
708:
707:
703:
698:
697:
693:
688:
687:
683:
678:
677:
673:
668:
667:
663:
658:
657:
653:
648:
647:
643:
638:
637:
633:
628:
627:
623:
618:
617:
613:
608:
607:
603:
598:
597:
593:
588:
587:
583:
578:
577:
573:
568:
567:
563:
558:
557:
553:
548:
547:
543:
538:
537:
533:
528:
527:
523:
518:
517:
513:
508:
507:
503:
498:
497:
493:
488:
487:
483:
478:
477:
473:
468:
467:
463:
462:
460:
454:
452:
445:
441:
440:
439:
436:
434:
433:cell division
431:
427:
423:
415:
408:
400:
397:
389:
378:
375:
371:
368:
364:
361:
357:
354:
350:
347: –
346:
342:
341:Find sources:
335:
331:
325:
324:
319:This section
317:
313:
308:
307:
304:
302:
299:, and spiral
298:
294:
290:
286:
281:
277:
273:
266:
264:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
238:
234:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
214:
202:Schrank, 1814
200:
197:
194:Vaucher, 1803
192:
189:
188:
186:
183:
179:
176:
172:
167:
160:
159:
154:
151:
147:
142:
138:
133:
132:
128:
125:
124:
121:
120:Zygnemataceae
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
80:Viridiplantae
78:
75:
72:
71:
66:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
26:
22:
5844:
5816:
5808:
5787:
5779:
5773:
5755:
5748:
5739:
5729:
5717:. Retrieved
5711:
5704:
5692:. Retrieved
5686:
5679:
5662:
5647:
5631:
5616:
5601:
5586:
5572:
5543:
5536:
5520:
5510:
5500:
5490:
5480:
5470:
5460:
5450:
5440:
5430:
5420:
5410:
5400:
5390:
5380:
5370:
5360:
5350:
5340:
5330:
5320:
5310:
5300:
5290:
5280:
5270:
5260:
5250:
5240:
5230:
5220:
5210:
5200:
5190:
5180:
5170:
5160:
5150:
5140:
5130:
5120:
5110:
5100:
5090:
5080:
5070:
5060:
5050:
5040:
5030:
5020:
5010:
5000:
4990:
4980:
4970:
4960:
4950:
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4920:
4910:
4900:
4890:
4880:
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4810:
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4790:
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4730:
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4710:
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4690:
4680:
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4610:
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4580:
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4500:
4490:
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4410:
4400:
4390:
4380:
4370:
4360:
4350:
4340:
4330:
4320:
4310:
4300:
4290:
4280:
4270:
4260:
4250:
4240:
4230:
4220:
4210:
4200:
4190:
4180:
4170:
4160:
4150:
4140:
4130:
4120:
4110:
4100:
4090:
4080:
4070:
4060:
4050:
4040:
4030:
4020:
4010:
4000:
3990:
3980:
3970:
3960:
3950:
3940:
3930:
3920:
3910:
3900:
3890:
3880:
3870:
3860:
3850:
3840:
3830:
3820:
3810:
3800:
3790:
3780:
3770:
3760:
3750:
3740:
3730:
3720:
3710:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3670:
3659:
3649:
3639:
3629:
3619:
3609:
3599:
3589:
3579:
3569:
3559:
3549:
3539:
3529:
3519:
3509:
3499:
3489:
3479:
3469:
3459:
3449:
3439:
3429:
3419:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3379:
3369:
3359:
3349:
3339:
3329:
3319:
3309:
3299:
3289:
3279:
3269:
3259:
3249:
3239:
3229:
3219:
3209:
3199:
3189:
3179:
3169:
3159:
3149:
3139:
3129:
3119:
3109:
3099:
3089:
3079:
3069:
3059:
3049:
3039:
3029:
3019:
3009:
3002:
2992:
2982:
2972:
2962:
2952:
2942:
2932:
2922:
2912:
2902:
2892:
2882:
2872:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2832:
2822:
2812:
2802:
2792:
2782:
2772:
2762:
2752:
2742:
2732:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2692:
2682:
2672:
2662:
2652:
2642:
2632:
2622:
2612:
2602:
2592:
2582:
2572:
2562:
2552:
2542:
2532:
2522:
2512:
2502:
2492:
2482:
2472:
2462:
2452:
2442:
2432:
2422:
2412:
2402:
2392:
2382:
2372:
2362:
2352:
2342:
2332:
2322:
2312:
2302:
2292:
2282:
2272:
2262:
2252:
2242:
2232:
2222:
2212:
2202:
2192:
2182:
2172:
2162:
2152:
2142:
2132:
2122:
2112:
2102:
2092:
2082:
2072:
2062:
2052:
2042:
2032:
2022:
2012:
2002:
1992:
1982:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1942:
1932:
1922:
1912:
1902:
1892:
1882:
1872:
1862:
1852:
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1832:
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1812:
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1151:
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1074:
1064:
1054:
1044:
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1024:
1014:
1004:
994:
984:
974:
964:
954:
944:
934:
924:
914:
904:
894:
884:
874:
864:
854:
844:
834:
824:
814:
804:
794:
784:
774:
764:
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734:
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704:
694:
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604:
594:
584:
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544:
534:
524:
514:
504:
494:
484:
474:
464:
458:
450:
437:
425:
421:
420:
409:Reproduction
392:
383:
373:
366:
359:
352:
340:
328:Please help
323:verification
320:
301:chloroplasts
284:
279:
271:
270:
259:
251:
248:chloroplasts
240:Zygnematales
226:blanket weed
225:
221:
217:
212:
211:
210:
198:
190:
174:
156:
150:Type species
130:
129:
110:Zygnematales
86:(unranked):
73:
51:
35:
29:
5934:iNaturalist
5736:"Spirogyra"
5719:20 February
5694:20 February
5296:Kadlubowska
4826:Kadlubowska
4806:Cedercreutz
4796:F.E.Fritsch
4596:Kadlubowska
4456:Kadlubowska
4106:Kadlubowska
3936:Kadlubowska
3896:Kadlubowska
3826:Kadlubowska
3736:Kadlubowska
3645:Strasburger
3625:Kadlubowska
3195:Kadlubowska
3125:Kadlubowska
2798:Kadlubowska
2448:Kadlubowska
1998:Kadlubowska
1828:Cedercreutz
1491:Kadlubowska
1451:Kadlubowska
1431:Kadlubowska
1304:Kadlubowska
1294:Kadlubowska
1120:Vodenicarov
1080:G.E.Dillard
930:Kadlubowska
890:Kadlubowska
490:Vodenicarov
430:intercalary
345:"Spirogyra"
233:green algae
5671:References
5549:Samba rock
5539:Spyro Gyra
5136:B.Tracanna
4776:Woronichin
4576:Rabenhorst
3395:Rabenhorst
3255:Kasanowsky
2398:Rabenhorst
2118:Rosenvinge
1030:B.Tracanna
386:April 2023
356:newspapers
258:habitats.
256:freshwater
230:charophyte
218:water silk
141:C. G. Nees
90:Charophyta
25:Cladophora
5869:AlgaeBase
5845:Spirogyra
5809:Spirogyra
5780:Spirogyra
5687:Conjugata
5663:Spirogyra
5648:Spirogyra
5646:Patch of
5632:Spirogyra
5617:Spirogyra
5602:Spirogyra
5587:Spirogyra
5573:Spirogyra
5553:Jorge Ben
5546:Brazilian
5526:L.-C.Li C
5276:Nordstedt
5116:Lagerheim
4616:Woronchin
4476:Nordstedt
4446:Skvortzov
4156:Nordstedt
3946:Bourrelly
3095:Yamagishi
2948:H.Krieger
2698:Lagerheim
1838:H.W.Liang
1471:Lagerheim
1090:G.C.Couch
1070:S.H.Lewis
700:Lagerheim
620:Welwitsch
426:Spirogyra
422:Spirogyra
289:cell wall
285:Spirogyra
280:Spirogyra
276:eutrophic
272:Spirogyra
260:Spirogyra
252:Spirogyra
213:Spirogyra
191:Conjugata
131:Spirogyra
52:Spirogyra
36:Spirogyra
6057:Category
5854:Wikidata
5456:Transeau
5436:Alexenko
5416:Transeau
5346:C.-C.Jao
5306:C.-C.Jao
5246:Transeau
5206:Cholonky
5186:Randhawa
5146:C.-C.Jao
5066:C.-C.Jao
5016:C.-C.Jao
5006:Transeau
4986:Transeau
4946:C.-C.Jao
4936:Randhawa
4916:Transeau
4906:C.-C.Jao
4896:Transeau
4846:C.-C.Jao
4766:C.-C.Jao
4756:C.-C.Jao
4746:C.-C.Jao
4726:Transeau
4656:C.-C.Jao
4636:C.-C.Jao
4566:G.S West
4556:Kirjakov
4536:C.-C.Jao
4506:Transeau
4486:Randhawa
4436:Transeau
4376:C.-C.Jao
4336:Cholonky
4286:Randhawa
4276:Schmidle
4216:C.-C.Jao
4206:Randhawa
4196:C.-C.Jao
4186:C.-C.Jao
4176:Randhawa
4166:Randhawa
4126:Merriman
4116:Transeau
4086:C.-C.Jao
4046:C.-C.Jao
4026:C.-C.Jao
4016:C.-C.Jao
4006:C.-C.Jao
3996:Alexenko
3906:C.-C.Jao
3866:C.-C.Jao
3786:S.-H.Ley
3766:Prescott
3726:H.C.Wood
3716:Transeau
3676:Transeau
3655:Transeau
3635:Kirchner
3605:Transeau
3585:C.-C.Jao
3545:H.C.Wood
3505:C.-C.Jao
3465:Montagne
3455:Randhawa
3385:C.-C.Jao
3365:C.-C.Jao
3345:C.-C.Jao
3325:Transeau
3315:Transeau
3245:Transeau
3235:Transeau
3175:Margalef
3155:Transeau
3105:C.-C.Jao
3065:C.-C.Jao
3055:Transeau
3045:C.-C.Jao
2998:Transeau
2938:Transeau
2928:Randhawa
2788:Playfair
2768:Transeau
2748:Transeau
2738:C.-C.Jao
2688:C.-C.Jao
2668:Transeau
2638:Wittrock
2618:Transeau
2548:Randhawa
2528:Transeau
2488:Transeau
2458:Randhawa
2408:C.-C.Jao
2298:C.-C.Jao
2288:C.-C.Jao
2208:Transeau
2168:C.-C.Jao
2108:Transeau
2098:C.-C.Jao
2078:Schmidle
2038:C.-C.Jao
1888:C.-C.Jao
1768:Bonhomme
1738:C.-C.Jao
1728:Transeau
1698:Transeau
1611:Transeau
1601:Transeau
1581:H.C.Wood
1571:C.-C.Jao
1531:C.-C.Jao
1521:Transeau
1354:C.-C.Jao
1334:C.-C.Jao
1217:Hodgetts
1207:Transeau
1187:Transeau
1177:C.-C.Jao
1167:C.-C.Jao
1157:C.-C.Jao
1147:C.-C.Jao
1020:Transeau
1010:C.-C.Jao
920:Transeau
870:C.-C.Jao
820:Schmidle
790:K.Möbius
730:Transeau
670:Randhawa
530:G.S.West
297:pyrenoid
182:Synonyms
169:Species
116:Family:
5952:1281139
5926:2646845
5860:Q148710
5712:Jugalis
5600:Single
5559:Gallery
5446:De Toni
5376:Kützing
5106:L.-C.Li
5096:Kützing
4966:Rundina
4856:Kreiger
4816:Kützing
4706:Godward
4646:Godward
4466:L.-C.Li
4406:L.-C.Li
4346:Nygaard
4266:Iwanoff
4226:Petkoff
4096:Krieger
4076:Kützing
4066:Kothari
3876:Kreiger
3796:H.Silva
3525:O.Borge
3075:L.-C.Li
2908:Kützing
2898:Kützing
2818:Kützing
2728:Kützing
2648:Kützing
2498:Iyengar
2468:S.H.Ley
2358:Krieger
2338:Collins
2258:O.Borge
2088:Kützing
1968:H.-J.Hu
1928:Tiffany
1858:Kützing
1678:Tiffany
1668:Kützing
1658:Petkoff
1591:Geitler
1511:Kützing
980:Godward
580:Kützing
570:Kützing
455:Species
370:scholar
293:nucleus
244:helical
235:of the
199:Jugalis
126:Genus:
106:Order:
96:Class:
6040:577679
6027:284795
6014:799381
5998:NZOR:
5939:123851
5823:
5533:Trivia
5506:L.J.Bi
5496:L.J.Bi
5366:L.C.Li
5286:Rattan
5266:Rattan
5036:Comère
4996:Ripart
4626:L.J.Bi
4606:L.J.Bi
3956:Czurda
3886:L.J.Bi
3836:Czurda
3696:Langer
3667:- type
3565:Czurda
3495:Czurda
3435:Nägeli
2968:Wollny
2848:Czurda
2838:L.C.Li
2758:L.J.Bi
2718:Czurda
2628:Czurda
2348:Czurda
2308:Langer
2158:Rattan
2048:Czurda
2008:Gayral
1948:Czurda
1708:Wollny
1541:Rattan
1481:Czurda
1401:Czurda
1314:Czurda
1227:Czurda
990:Czurda
850:Czurda
800:Czurda
780:Czurda
750:Czurda
740:Czurda
630:Nipkow
372:
365:
358:
351:
343:
287:has a
224:, and
143:, 1820
6035:WoRMS
5947:IRMNG
5913:1SPYG
5900:11681
5874:43564
5796:(PDF)
5426:Skuja
5156:F.Gay
5056:Skuja
5026:Faber
4886:L.Liu
4836:Chian
4736:Chian
4426:Zheng
4296:Aleem
3706:Kamat
3485:Erady
2858:Petit
2588:Singh
2558:Hajdu
2538:Kamat
2318:Cleve
2148:Kamat
2028:Singh
1988:Reith
1978:Petit
1938:F.Gay
1868:Hilse
1808:Zheng
1441:Misra
1374:Singh
1197:Segar
1060:Segar
1050:Cleve
1000:Petit
810:Singh
660:Skuja
650:Singh
610:Skuja
600:L.Liu
590:Skuja
560:Kamat
470:Zheng
377:JSTOR
363:books
237:order
74:Clade
5991:3179
5986:NCBI
5965:6996
5960:ITIS
5921:GBIF
5908:EPPO
5887:7LCX
5821:ISBN
5721:2016
5696:2016
5604:cell
5046:Blum
4926:Ling
4866:Blum
4676:Zhao
4546:Hirn
3335:Taft
3305:Taft
3025:Taft
2918:Hirn
2658:Taft
2598:Hirn
2418:Wade
2278:Taft
1688:Blum
1384:Blum
520:Ling
349:news
137:Link
5973:NBN
5895:EoL
5882:CoL
5761:doi
5486:Liu
4516:Liu
3856:Liu
3355:Liu
2808:Wei
2248:Liu
1958:Wei
1267:Gay
900:Liu
690:Liu
332:by
139:in
6059::
6037::
6024::
6011::
5988::
5975::
5962::
5949::
5936::
5923::
5910::
5897::
5884::
5871::
5856::
5738:.
5555:.
295:,
291:,
220:,
76::
5827:.
5767:.
5763::
5742:.
5723:.
5714:"
5698:.
5689:"
399:)
393:(
388:)
384:(
374:·
367:·
360:·
353:·
326:.
303:.
27:.
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