325:(SEM), which is now well established in many countries. It can broadly also refer to physicians, scientists, trainers, and other paramedical practitioners who work in a broad setting. Sports medicine specialists include a broad range of professions. All sports medicine specialists have one main goal in mind, and that is preventing future injuries and to improve the function of that area to return to everyday life. They work with all different types of people, and not just athletes. The various sports medicine experts often work together as a team to ensure the best recovery plan for the individual. Team members can include orthopedic surgeons, certified athletic trainers, sports physical therapists, physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, and specialty SEM physicians.
40:
290:) is a recognized medical specialty (with similar training and standards to other medical specialties or sub-specialties). In the majority of countries where sports medicine is recognized and practiced, it is a physician (non-surgical) specialty, but in some (such as the USA), it can equally be a surgical or non-surgical medical specialty, and also a specialty field within primary care. In other contexts, the field of sports medicine encompasses the scope of both medical specialists as well as
1488:
concussions. A seminal series of consensus papers has been the international guidelines on the management of concussion in sport. These consensus statements have been seen on the positive side as being sports medicine leaders moving the management of concussion in a more conservative direction over time and encouraging a standard set of tests and assessments. On the negative side, they have been seen as conflicted and allowing return to play too rapidly.
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and how to prevent injuries before they occur. A sports medicine specialist works to help make the performance of the athlete more advanced, as well as ensuring their safety while performing the activity. Sports injuries generally affect soft tissue or bones within the body and are commonly treated without surgery.
3559:
McCrory, P; Meeuwisse, WH; Aubry, M; Cantu, B; Dvorák, J; Echemendia, RJ; Engebretsen, L; Johnston, K; Kutcher, JS; Raftery, M; Sills, A; Benson, BW; Davis, GA; Ellenbogen, RG; Guskiewicz, K; Herring, SA; Iverson, GL; Jordan, BD; Kissick, J; McCrea, M; McIntosh, AS; Maddocks, D; Makdissi, M; Purcell,
439:
states that Sports
Medicine societies were first established in Switzerland (1922) followed by: Germany (1924), France (1929) and Italy (1929) (Italian Sports Medicine Federation). In Germany in the 1920s, an attempt was made to upskill thousands of doctors and other health professionals in sport and
285:
and the treatment and prevention of injuries related to sports and exercise. Although most sports teams have employed team physicians for many years, it is only since the late 20th century that sports medicine emerged as a distinct field of health care. In many countries, now over 50, sports medicine
1454:
Common sports injuries that can result in seeing a sports medicine specialist are knee and shoulder injuries, fractures, ankle sprains, concussions, cartilage injuries, and more. A sports medicine specialist can also be seen for advice in other areas of health, like nutrition, exercise, supplements,
2402:
Carrard, Justin; Azevedo, Ana Morais; Gojanovic, Boris; Edouard, Pascal; Pandya, Tej; Robinson, Diana Gai; Dönmez, Gürhan; Ušacka, Laila; Stenger, Rodrigo A. Martínez; Mendonça, Luciana De
Michelis; Thornton, Jane; Silva, Miguel Reis e; Schneider, Isabel; Zwerver, Johannes; Jederström, Moa (1 March
1575:
Different medical professionals for sports injuries require different forms of training, but for sports injuries, they mainly all work with the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. All sports medicine professionals work with people of all age ranges, professional athletes, or even adolescents
1517:
Doping in sport has a long history with doctors in the sports medicine world being both heroes and villains on different occasions. The presence of trained sports medicine professionals at elite sporting events has been critical in the fight against doping, but sometimes doctors become the enablers
1502:
Whether male-to-female transgender athletes can safely and fairly participate in women's sport at the elite and community levels is a highly charged and controversial topic. The sports medicine world is not united in its views and although this debate well and truly involves medical input, it is as
1487:
as a disease that is common in ex-athletes, particularly footballers. Sporting codes have been accused of being complicit in understating the long-term damage caused by concussions by allowing too many head impacts to occur and for the players to be able to return to play too quickly after received
3499:
McCrory, P; Meeuwisse, W; Dvořák, J; Aubry, M; Bailes, J; Broglio, S; Cantu, RC; Cassidy, D; Echemendia, RJ; Castellani, RJ; Davis, GA; Ellenbogen, R; Emery, C; Engebretsen, L; Feddermann-Demont, N; Giza, CC; Guskiewicz, KM; Herring, S; Iverson, GL; Johnston, KM; Kissick, J; Kutcher, J; Leddy, JJ;
1463:
Different types of sports injuries require different treatments and major injuries involve surgery, but most do not. Common treatments include medication, such as pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medication, icing, physical therapy, and/or immobilization of the injured area. Physical therapy is
1619:
treat issues related to the foot or ankle, which is a common area where athletes get injuries. They specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of foot-related issues by performing tests and referring physical therapists. Podiatrists can also perform surgeries or prescribe medication as forms of
1607:
as a major subspecialty. Physiotherapists are a main factor in the recovery stage of an injury as they set up an individualized recovery plan. Physiotherapy is underfunded within most health systems so that it is generally much more accessible in higher-income countries and, even within these
328:
Specializing in the treatment of athletes and other physically active individuals, SEM physicians have extensive education in musculoskeletal medicine. SEM doctors treat injuries such as muscle, ligament, tendon and bone problems, but may also treat chronic illnesses that can affect physical
1591:
are typically part of a sports medicine team in the US in particular, providing primary care, injury and illness prevention, wellness promotion, emergency care, therapeutic intervention and rehabilitation to injuries. When an athlete is injured, an athletic trainer is key to treatment and
3401:
444:
has defined necessary training requirements for the establishment of the specialty of Sports
Medicine in a given European country. In May 2024, the EU approved cross recognition of sports medicine qualifications between 11 different countries. It is a goal of the
3115:"Humphries D, Jaques R, Dijkstra HP on behalf of the International Syllabus in Sport and Exercise Medicine Group (ISSEMG) A Delphi developed syllabus for the medical specialty of sport and exercise medicine British Journal of Sports Medicine 2018;52:490–492"
1464:
used to get the injured area back into regular movements and to reduce the discomfort of the affected area. PRICE is an acronym that is used for the common treatment of these injuries. It stands for protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation.
440:
exercise medicine, without establishing it as a distinct specialty at that stage, but it failed due to lack of funding in the
Depression. Sports medicine was established as a specialty in Italy, the first country to do so, in 1958. The
3619:
McCrory, P; Meeuwisse, W; Johnston, K; Dvorak, J; Aubry, M; Molloy, M; Cantu, R (June 2009). "Consensus statement on concussion in sport – the Third
International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2008".
1437:, exercise and sport for the individuals and communities. SEM Physicians in the UK spend a period of their training in public health, and advise public health physicians on matters relating to physical activity promotion.
426:
Although sports medicine was only established formally as a specialty in the 20th
Century, the history of doctors having involvement in treating athletes goes back to ancient times in Greek, Roman and Egyptian societies.
3910:
Kemp, Joanne; Mendonça, Luciana De
Michelis; Mosler, Andrea Britt; Bizzini, Mario; Thorborg, Kristian; Wilson, Fiona; Surdyka, Nicole; Ahmed, Osman Hassan; Mkumbuzi, Nonhlanhla Sharon (1 January 2023).
456:
being one of
Australia's 15 recognized medical specialty Colleges. Australia, New Zealand and the UK have been cited as pioneer countries in the establishment of SEM as a stand-alone specialty.
3213:
2780:
Neunhaeuserer, D; Niebauer, J; Degano, G; Baioccato, V; Borjesson, M; Casasco, M; Bachl, N; Christodoulou, N; Steinacker, JM; Papadopoulou, T; Pigozzi, F; Ermolao, A (October 2021).
1022:
502:
453:
2370:
446:
1351:
1608:
countries, is much more accessible to higher-income earners. In countries like
Denmark and Australia there are many more physiotherapists than in lower-income countries.
3500:
Maddocks, D; Makdissi, M; Manley, GT; McCrea, M; Meehan, WP; Nagahiro, S; Patricios, J; Putukian, M; Schneider, KJ; Sills, A; Tator, CH; Turner, M; Vos, PE (June 2017).
1889:
3885:
1368:
1592:
rehabilitation working closely with the athlete throughout rehabilitation. Athletic trainers are often the ones who assess the injury first and provide initial care.
628:
1722:
318:
Sports medicine can refer to the specific medical specialty or subspecialty of several medical and research disciplines in sports. Sports medicine may be called
3968:
1743:
459:
The USA (and many other countries) follow the model of recognizing Sports
Medicine as an official subspecialty of multiple other primary medical specialties.
4008:
1363:
4952:
39:
5293:
1340:
251:
245:
4292:
1785:
5492:
4892:
4016:
3411:
2843:
441:
5192:
1954:"Clinical exercise provision in the UK: comparison of staff job titles, roles and qualifications across five specialised exercise services"
390:
3760:
4436:
1868:
1701:
1404:
5328:
4670:
1764:
1680:
1483:
The management of concussion in sport has been extremely controversial over the past 20 years due to the discovery and reporting of
5446:
3562:"Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2012"
3288:"Sport and exercise medicine in South Korea. The strengths and weaknesses of the sport and exercise medicine system in South Korea"
3868:
1736:
3502:"Consensus statement on concussion in sport-the 5th international conference on concussion in sport held in Berlin, October 2016"
1903:
1882:
1806:
1778:
1757:
1541:
1484:
2662:
4534:
4055:
1633:
1546:
3113:
Humphries, David; Jaques, R.; Dijkstra, H. P.; International Syllabus in Sport Exercise Medicine Group (ISSEMG) (April 2018).
3064:"Sport and exercise medicine in JapanA look at the strengths and weaknessesof the sport and exercise medicine system in Japan"
3063:
2551:
2004:
5318:
4752:
2861:"Introducing the National Institute for Sports Medicine in Hungary: a complex sports medical healthcare and screening system"
2552:"Specialisation in sports medicine: the state of the Sport Medicine Specialty Training Core Curriculum in the European Union"
1932:
1603:
are a primary sports medicine team member in most countries of the world. Physiotherapists can specialize in many areas with
239:
4315:
2352:
2055:"Insights into the complexity of presentation and management of patients: the Sport and Exercise Physician's perspective"
5298:
4942:
3712:"Transgender Women in the Female Category of Sport: Perspectives on Testosterone Suppression and Performance Advantage"
3427:
1827:
1497:
400:
2954:
1576:
playing any sport. The main two allied health professions for sports injuries are athletic trainers (in the USA) and
3187:
4922:
4141:
2494:
3309:
5351:
2966:
2102:
2032:
1527:
908:
513:
291:
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5143:
5065:
5060:
4980:
4740:
4458:
4385:
4108:
2932:
2460:
452:
In Australia and New Zealand, Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) is a stand-alone medical specialty, with the
5123:
5097:
4585:
4205:
959:
College of others (Sports Physician), Academic of Medicine of Malaysia, National Specialist Registrar (NSR)
114:
3481:
4715:
4663:
4595:
3913:"Sports physiotherapists' contribution to the sports and exercise medicine team: moving forward, together"
2927:
54:
5366:
5252:
5225:
5198:
5150:
5104:
4799:
4260:
410:
215:
58:
329:
performance, such as asthma and diabetes. SEM doctors also advise on managing and preventing injuries.
5386:
5346:
5213:
5027:
5022:
5002:
4937:
4789:
4411:
4406:
4335:
4234:
4146:
1952:
Crozier, A; Watson, PM; Graves, LEF; George, K; Naylor, L; Green, DJ; Rosenberg, M; Jones, H (2022).
1604:
1478:
219:
190:
154:
104:
3664:
2405:"Sport and exercise medicine around the world: global challenges for a unique healthcare discipline"
5466:
5408:
5391:
5050:
4767:
4549:
4526:
4453:
4350:
4178:
4151:
4136:
4103:
4048:
2999:
1917:
1629:
385:
307:
5452:
3455:
5356:
5313:
5303:
5092:
5045:
5012:
5007:
4757:
4735:
4570:
4539:
4506:
4473:
4426:
4239:
4222:
3950:
3835:
3692:
3645:
3601:
3541:
3144:
2809:
2637:
2582:
2183:
1820:
1551:
573:
436:
375:
370:
233:
336:
internal medicine with special emphasis on cardiology, emergency medicine and clinical nutrition
2250:
Burke, DT; Al-Adawi, S; Lee, YT; Audette, J (March 2007). "Martial arts as sport and therapy".
5426:
5308:
5278:
5257:
5220:
5203:
5118:
5082:
5072:
4967:
4887:
4831:
4794:
4779:
4720:
4687:
4656:
4637:
4363:
4227:
4173:
4156:
4098:
4012:
3942:
3934:
3827:
3819:
3780:
3741:
3684:
3637:
3593:
3533:
3407:
3359:
3136:
3044:
2890:
2839:
2801:
2629:
2621:
2574:
2442:
2424:
2334:
2326:
2259:
2232:
2175:
2158:
Appelboom, T; Rouffin, C; Fierens, E (November 1988). "Sport and medicine in ancient Greece".
2084:
1983:
1861:
1434:
774:
365:
355:
321:
287:
269:
94:
75:
2714:
5128:
5113:
4990:
4865:
4821:
4590:
4501:
4483:
4421:
4330:
4320:
4302:
4200:
4193:
4078:
4022:
3924:
3811:
3772:
3731:
3723:
3676:
3629:
3583:
3573:
3523:
3513:
3349:
3339:
3126:
2880:
2872:
2793:
2613:
2566:
2432:
2416:
2316:
2222:
2214:
2167:
2074:
2066:
1973:
1965:
1922:
1649:
1645:
1588:
1577:
1564:
380:
299:
282:
2681:
332:
European templates for SEM specialization generally recommend four years of experience in:
5456:
5401:
5262:
5230:
5170:
5165:
5109:
5087:
4784:
4730:
4710:
4627:
4580:
4565:
4491:
4443:
4368:
4358:
4270:
4163:
4088:
2128:
1927:
1715:
1512:
295:
135:
3287:
3188:"OECD Health Statistics 2019 Definitions, Sources and Methods: Physicians by categories"
2743:
2437:
2005:"What Is Sports Medicine – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center"
5288:
5242:
5055:
4985:
4804:
4575:
4544:
4401:
4373:
4340:
4325:
4217:
4188:
4123:
4113:
4041:
3736:
3711:
3354:
3327:
3114:
2885:
2860:
2227:
2202:
2079:
2054:
1978:
1953:
1124:
Russian Association of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of Patients and the Disabled
690:
2053:
Gamage, PJ; Seker, S; Orchard, J; Humphries, D; Fitzgerald, K; Fitzpatrick, J (2021).
5481:
5371:
5160:
5155:
5017:
4957:
4860:
4616:
4468:
4431:
4282:
4265:
4183:
3954:
3839:
3776:
3696:
2813:
1847:
1600:
1449:
119:
99:
3798:
Orchard, Jessica J.; Maddocks, David; Carneiro, Eva; Orchard, John W. (1 May 2022).
3649:
3605:
3545:
3148:
2641:
2461:"SEM AROUND THE WORLD – ARGENTINA – The BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine blog"
2187:
5436:
5376:
5361:
5187:
4912:
4762:
4747:
4693:
4416:
4378:
4310:
4210:
3998:
1637:
1560:
1556:
395:
109:
3680:
2955:
https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Diploma-SPORTSMEDICINE.pdf
1325:
Ukrainian Sport Medicine and Physical Exercises Specialists Association (USMPESA)
449:
to eventually establish Sports Medicine as a specialty in all European countries.
3929:
3815:
3578:
3561:
3518:
3501:
3378:
3131:
2833:
2797:
2617:
2586:
2404:
835:
Indian Association of Sports Medicine & Indian Federation of Sports Medicine
5235:
5180:
5077:
4932:
4907:
4725:
4287:
4255:
3261:
1433:
SEM physicians are frequently involved in promoting the therapeutic benefits of
1222:
1093:
1001:
5323:
3853:
3727:
2876:
2781:
2420:
2171:
2070:
1969:
17:
5208:
5175:
4947:
4897:
4882:
4877:
4870:
4855:
4845:
4516:
4093:
4083:
2978:
2967:
https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/MD-sports-medicine.pdf
1641:
1616:
405:
303:
3938:
3823:
3633:
2625:
2570:
2428:
2330:
5396:
5138:
5133:
4997:
4975:
4850:
4814:
4002:
2782:"Sports and exercise medicine in Europe and the advances in the last decade"
2278:
1840:
1694:
1536:
1255:
942:
840:
482:
3946:
3831:
3799:
3745:
3688:
3641:
3597:
3537:
3363:
3140:
3048:
2894:
2805:
2633:
2578:
2446:
2338:
2263:
2088:
1987:
4026:
3784:
2321:
2304:
2218:
2179:
4902:
4679:
4448:
4275:
4131:
2601:
2236:
1799:
1189:
1171:
1071:
607:
360:
3588:
3344:
5381:
4841:
4809:
4702:
4511:
3912:
2305:""Sports" Medicine in Germany and Its Struggle for Professional Status"
1411:
1373:
Physiatric Association of Spine, Sports and Occupational Rehabilitation
1320:
1107:
806:
741:
725:
708:
657:
555:
538:
520:
3528:
163:
Sports medicine physician, Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) physician
4463:
2682:"China Goes Global: Sports Medicine & Sports Management in China"
1303:
1137:
1055:
1038:
924:
3800:"A Review of Legal, Ethical, and Governance Issues for Team Doctors"
3328:"Developing a new specialty – sport and exercise medicine in the UK"
44:
An injured player is carried from the field during a football match.
3665:"Musculoskeletal health considerations for the transgender athlete"
2859:
Laki, J; Soós, Á; Jákó, P; Tállay, A; Perjés, Á; Szabó, AM (2017).
4064:
1088:
973:
919:
The Japanese Federation of Physical Fitness & Sports Medicine
612:
Bulgarian Scientific Society of Sports Medicine and Kinesitherapy
3560:
L; Putukian, M; Schneider, K; Tator, CH; Turner, M (April 2013).
3162:
1652:/dietitians can be part of the Sport and Exercise Medicine team.
4496:
3403:
Sports Injury Handbook: Professional Advice for Amateur Athletes
674:
4652:
4037:
4004:
The Development of Sports Medicine in Twentieth-century Britain
2835:
Clinical Sports Medicine: Medical Management and Rehabilitation
3869:"Trainers and athletes build relationships for rehabilitation"
2602:"State of primary care sports and exercise medicine in Brazil"
2040:
European Standards of Postgraduate Medical Specialist Training
2689:
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications
2103:"Training Requirements for the Specialty of Sports Medicine"
2033:"Training Requirements for the Specialty of Sports Medicine"
4648:
3310:"MD AND BOARD CERTIFICATION IN SPORT AND EXERCISE MEDICINE"
3017:
1283:
Swedish Society for Physical Activity and Sports Medicine
3856:. National Athletic Trainers' Association. 19 March 2015.
3088:
4033:
2994:
2992:
2909:
3035:
Constantini, N; Mann, G (June 2016). "Sport Medicine".
2388:
1209:
College of Sport and Exercise Medicine of South Africa
826:
Indian Society of Sports and Exercise Medicine (ISSEM)
762:
Sport and Exercise Medicine French Association (SFMES)
1006:
Netherlands Association of Sports Medicine NASM – VSG
560:
The Belgian Federation of Sport and Exercise Medicine
3242:
Zhang, Mandy (2024). "Sports Medicine in Singapore".
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
1532:
Major scandals where doctors were prominent include:
1023:
Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians
503:
Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians
454:
Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians
3262:"The Colleges of Medicine of South Africa: Colleges"
3214:"Sports Medicine subspecialty training requirements"
5339:
5277:
5038:
4966:
4921:
4830:
4701:
4686:
4558:
4525:
4482:
4394:
4349:
4301:
4248:
4122:
4071:
3062:Okuwaki, Toru; Dohi, Michiko; Ono, Takashi (2015).
2252:
The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
447:
European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations
260:
225:
211:
206:
196:
184:
172:
167:
150:
142:
128:
84:
65:
49:
2663:"Number of sports medicine doctors in Brazil 2018"
1518:of doping and are part of the scandal themselves.
1503:much a social controversy as it is a medical one.
1352:British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
594:Brazilian Society of Exercise and Sports Medicine
345:fellowship at a recognized sports medicine centre.
3710:Hilton, Emma; Lundberg, Tommy (8 December 2020).
2908:Medicine, Indian Society of Sports and Exercise.
2495:"Sports Medicine in our four neighbour countries"
2353:"Sports medicine recognised as medical specialty"
1890:The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
1217:South Africa Sports Medicine Association (SASMA)
854:Indonesian Sports Health Supervisory Association
2910:"Indian Society of Sports and Exercise Medicine"
2827:
2825:
2823:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
1369:American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine
1242:SMD (Sociedad Española de Medicina del Deporte)
4007:. Wellcome Witnesses to Contemporary Medicine.
2533:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2482:
1744:Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
1376:American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine
629:Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine
578:Sports Medicine Association Bosnia Herzegovina
2203:"The ancient Greek origins of sports medicine"
1723:Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
845:Indonesia Sports Medicine Association (PDSKO)
4664:
4049:
1166:Sports Medicine Association Singapore (SMAS)
794:German Federation for Sports Medicine (DGSM)
8:
4009:History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group
1580:(physiotherapists) in most other countries.
1364:American Medical Society for Sports Medicine
1076:Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Desportiva
892:Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana (FMSI)
829:Yes (1987 for PG Diploma & 2013 for MD)
162:
32:
3006:. Universitas Indonesia. 25 September 2013.
2389:"Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges"
1163:3 years (after primary specialty training)
525:Austrian Society of Sports Medicine (OSMV)
4953:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
4698:
4671:
4657:
4649:
4056:
4042:
4034:
3163:"Malaysian Association of Sports Medicine"
1659:
461:
38:
5294:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
3928:
3735:
3587:
3577:
3527:
3517:
3353:
3343:
3130:
2884:
2744:"Sports Medicine around the world: China"
2436:
2320:
2226:
2078:
1977:
1341:Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine UK
1291:Swiss Society for Sports Medicine (SGSM)
1234:Korean Society of Sports Medicine (KSSM)
968:Malaysian Association of Sports Medicine
268:Hospitals, Clinics, Professional sports,
252:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
246:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
3223:. Joint Committee on Specialist Training
3167:Malaysian Association of Sports Medicine
3089:"Academy of Sports Medicine of Malaysia"
1786:Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
862:Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine
779:Georgian Association of Sports Medicine
468:Specialist sports physician association
294:who work in the field of sport, such as
281:is a branch of medicine that deals with
2928:"College and Course Search | MCI India"
2160:The American Journal of Sports Medicine
2108:. European Union of Medical Specialists
1944:
911:Certified Sports Health Medical System
811:National Institute for Sports Medicine
645:Chinese Association of Sports Medicine
3428:"default – Stanford Children's Health"
3332:Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine
3093:Academy of Sports Medicine of Malaysia
2865:BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
2409:BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
2059:BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
1958:BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
1396:Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
1260:Sri Lanka Sports Medicine Association
1194:Slovenian Sports Medicine Association
1050:Norwegian Sports Medicine Association
720:Danish Association of Sports Medicine
161:
31:
27:Branch of medicine for sports injuries
3880:
3878:
3450:
3448:
1142:Sport Medicine Association of Serbia
442:European Union of Medical Specialists
431:Modern establishment of the specialty
7:
5432:
5193:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
2309:Canadian Bulletin of Medical History
2027:
2025:
1999:
1997:
1308:Turkish Sports Medicine Association
929:Latvian Sports Medicine Association
543:Belarus Sports Medicine Association
477:General sports medicine association
417:Establishment as a medical specialty
391:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
342:physical and rehabilitation medicine
5442:
3761:"Doping Control in Sports Medicine"
2715:"88 Specialty Societies of the CMA"
1869:Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews
1702:American Journal of Sports Medicine
1405:American College of Sports Medicine
746:Finnish Society of Sports Medicine
471:Fully recognized specialty? (Year)
422:Historical roots of sports medicine
5329:Medical Scientist Training Program
3969:"Journal Rankings Sports Medicine"
3917:British Journal of Sports Medicine
3804:Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
3566:British Journal of Sports Medicine
3506:British Journal of Sports Medicine
3119:British Journal of Sports Medicine
2786:British Journal of Sports Medicine
2606:British Journal of Sports Medicine
2559:British Journal of Sports Medicine
2502:Swiss Sports and Exercise Medicine
2207:British Journal of Sports Medicine
1765:Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
1681:British Journal of Sports Medicine
1522:Sports scandals involving medicine
1176:Slovak Society of Sports Medicine
877:Israel Society of Sports Medicine
25:
2303:Pfister, Gertrud (October 2011).
1904:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1883:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1779:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1758:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1634:Strength and conditioning coaches
695:Czech Society of Sports Medicine
662:Croatian Sports Medicine Society
435:The Italian version of this page
5461:
5451:
5441:
5431:
5422:
5421:
4632:
4623:
4622:
4610:
3777:10.1097/00007691-199608000-00028
3669:The Physician and Sportsmedicine
3622:The Physician and Sportsmedicine
3456:"An Overview of Sports Medicine"
3377:Ashish SIngh (19 January 2023).
2129:"The origins of sports medicine"
1807:The Physician and Sportsmedicine
1542:USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal
1485:Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
1468:Controversies in sports medicine
5462:
4633:
3886:"Sports Medicine Professionals"
3867:Lee Witbeck (3 November 2010).
2201:Masterson, DW (December 1976).
2133:Aspetar Sports Medicine Journal
1737:Springer Science+Business Media
5493:Orthopedic surgical procedures
5319:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
4753:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
3400:Levy, Allan M. (1 June 1993).
1933:Infectious diseases (athletes)
240:Doctor of Osteopathic medicine
1:
3759:Segura, Jordi (August 1996).
3681:10.1080/00913847.2022.2057787
3406:. Turner Publishing Company.
2600:Hardt, Felipe (1 July 2018).
1459:Treatment for sports injuries
5299:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
5066:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
3930:10.1136/bjsports-2022-106404
3816:10.1097/JSM.0000000000000986
3579:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092313
3519:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097699
3132:10.1136/bjsports-2017-098477
2838:. Elsevier Health Sciences.
2832:Frontera, Walter R. (2007).
2798:10.1136/bjsports-2021-103983
2618:10.1136/bjsports-2015-095826
2550:Pigozzi, F (December 2009).
1547:Operación Puerto doping case
1033:Sports Medicine New Zealand
339:orthopedics and traumatology
3765:Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
3286:Yun Jun Yang, John (2016).
2722:Chinese Medical Association
1828:Research in Sports Medicine
1498:Transgender people in sport
1492:Transgender people in sport
401:Orthopaedic sports medicine
350:Related medical specialties
292:allied health practitioners
5509:
3728:10.1007/s40279-020-01389-3
3379:"What is Sports Medicine?"
3221:healthprofessionals.gov.sg
2985:. Ikatan Dokter Indonesia.
2965:Medical Council of India:
2953:Medical Council of India:
2877:10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000267
2421:10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001603
2279:"Roots of Sports Medicine"
2172:10.1177/036354658801600607
2071:10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001228
1970:10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001152
1571:Allied health team members
1525:
1510:
1495:
1476:
1447:
1160:Yes (subspecialty) (2011)
5417:
4604:
3432:www.stanfordchildrens.org
2742:Li, Guoping (July 2022).
1528:List of sporting scandals
1381:Subspeciality (1994) of:
1358:United States of America
909:Japan Medical Association
514:Sports Medicine Australia
37:
5253:Transplantation medicine
5144:Clinical neurophysiology
5061:Obstetric anesthesiology
4981:Interventional radiology
4741:Digestive system surgery
4206:Bodybuilding supplements
3634:10.3810/psm.2009.06.1721
2933:Medical Council of India
2571:10.1136/bjsm.2008.055350
510:4-year training program
492:2-year training program
5124:Intensive care medicine
5098:Mass gathering medicine
4943:Maternal–fetal medicine
3000:"Universitas Indonesia"
2680:Qureshi, M N A (2014).
115:Athletic heart syndrome
4716:Cardiothoracic surgery
3663:Birnbaum, Amy (2023).
2009:www.urmc.rochester.edu
1630:Exercise physiologists
1444:Common sports injuries
474:Training requirements
308:exercise physiologists
220:Therapeutic injections
5367:Personalized medicine
5226:Reproductive medicine
5151:Occupational medicine
5105:Evolutionary medicine
2322:10.3138/cbmh.28.2.271
2219:10.1136/bjsm.10.4.196
1636:, personal trainers,
1401:1–2-year Fellowships
411:Occupational medicine
216:Exercise prescription
5387:Traditional medicine
5347:Alternative medicine
5214:Addiction psychiatry
5028:Transfusion medicine
5023:Medical microbiology
4938:Gynecologic oncology
4790:Reproductive surgery
3871:. Daily Bruin, UCLA.
2979:"Daftar Perhimpunan"
2277:Ergen, Emin (2014).
2127:Ergen, Emin (2016).
1650:Sports nutritionists
1646:Sports psychologists
1605:sports physiotherapy
1479:Concussions in sport
437:Medicina dello sport
155:Glossary of medicine
5409:History of medicine
5392:Veterinary medicine
5199:Preventive medicine
5051:Adolescent medicine
4893:Infectious diseases
3890:HealthyChildren.org
3854:"Athletic Training"
3345:10.2147/oajsm.s7627
3151:– via PubMed.
2493:Jenoure, P (2016).
1918:Exercise physiology
1624:Other practitioners
1578:physical therapists
1559:scandal, involving
1473:Concussion in sport
386:Adolescent medicine
164:
34:
5357:Molecular oncology
5314:Doctor of Medicine
5304:Master of Medicine
5221:Radiation oncology
5093:Emergency medicine
5046:Addiction medicine
5013:Clinical chemistry
5008:Clinical pathology
4800:Transplant surgery
4758:Orthopedic surgery
4736:Colorectal surgery
4223:Physical education
3326:Cullen, M (2010).
2983:www.idionline.org/
1821:Informa Healthcare
1552:Biogenesis scandal
1384:Emergency Medicine
574:Bosnia Herzegovina
376:Lifestyle medicine
371:Emergency medicine
234:Doctor of Medicine
227:Education required
5475:
5474:
5309:Master of Surgery
5273:
5272:
5258:Tropical medicine
5204:Prison healthcare
5119:Hospital medicine
5083:Disaster medicine
5073:Aviation medicine
4888:Hospital medicine
4795:Surgical oncology
4780:Pediatric surgery
4774:
4721:Endocrine surgery
4646:
4645:
4617:Sports portal
4228:Physical activity
4174:Athletic training
4157:Strength training
4109:Semi-professional
4018:978-0-85484-121-9
3973:www.scimagojr.com
3482:"Sports Injuries"
3462:. 11 January 2021
3413:978-1-62045-952-2
3381:. Medinmotion.com
3043:(6): 333–4, 388.
3024:. FSEM (Ireland).
2845:978-1-4160-2443-9
2792:(20): 1122–1124.
2467:. 1 December 2021
1909:
1908:
1862:SAGE Publications
1589:Athletic trainers
1435:physical activity
1426:
1425:
366:Sports cardiology
356:Exercise medicine
322:Exercise medicine
300:athletic trainers
288:exercise medicine
276:
275:
270:College athletics
160:
159:
16:(Redirected from
5500:
5465:
5464:
5455:
5445:
5444:
5435:
5434:
5425:
5424:
5129:Medical genetics
5114:General practice
4991:Nuclear medicine
4866:Gastroenterology
4822:Vascular surgery
4772:
4699:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4650:
4636:
4635:
4626:
4625:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4359:General managers
4261:Governing bodies
4058:
4051:
4044:
4035:
4030:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3932:
3907:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3882:
3873:
3872:
3864:
3858:
3857:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3756:
3750:
3749:
3739:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3591:
3581:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3531:
3521:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3357:
3347:
3323:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3306:
3300:
3299:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3272:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3218:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3134:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3068:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3032:
3026:
3025:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2996:
2987:
2986:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2888:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2829:
2818:
2817:
2777:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2739:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2719:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2686:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2597:
2591:
2590:
2556:
2547:
2510:
2509:
2499:
2490:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2440:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2324:
2300:
2294:
2293:
2286:Arch Med Deporte
2283:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2230:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2082:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2037:
2029:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2001:
1992:
1991:
1981:
1949:
1923:Physical therapy
1733:Germany; Europe
1669:Scimago Ranking
1660:
1601:Physiotherapists
1584:Athletic trainer
832:2 & 3 years
462:
381:General practice
296:physiotherapists
283:physical fitness
198:Activity sectors
165:
146:Sports physician
132:
88:
78:
42:
35:
21:
5508:
5507:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5497:
5488:Sports medicine
5478:
5477:
5476:
5471:
5413:
5402:Chief physician
5335:
5280:
5269:
5263:Travel medicine
5248:Sports medicine
5231:Sexual medicine
5171:Palliative care
5166:Pain management
5110:Family medicine
5088:Diving medicine
5034:
4962:
4924:
4917:
4833:
4826:
4785:Plastic surgery
4731:General surgery
4711:Cardiac surgery
4692:
4690:
4682:
4677:
4647:
4642:
4611:
4609:
4600:
4559:Sport by region
4554:
4521:
4492:Artificial turf
4478:
4449:Olympic culture
4390:
4345:
4297:
4244:
4118:
4089:Military sports
4067:
4062:
4019:
4001:, eds. (2009).
3997:Lois Reynolds;
3996:
3993:
3991:Further reading
3988:
3987:
3977:
3975:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3909:
3908:
3904:
3894:
3892:
3884:
3883:
3876:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3852:
3851:
3847:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3716:Sports Medicine
3709:
3708:
3704:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3512:(11): 838–847.
3498:
3497:
3493:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3465:
3463:
3460:Integrity Spine
3454:
3453:
3446:
3436:
3434:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3414:
3399:
3398:
3394:
3384:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3270:
3268:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3216:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3197:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3016:
3015:
3011:
2998:
2997:
2990:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2964:
2960:
2952:
2948:
2938:
2936:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2831:
2830:
2821:
2779:
2778:
2767:
2757:
2755:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2726:
2724:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2696:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2646:
2644:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2554:
2549:
2548:
2513:
2497:
2492:
2491:
2480:
2470:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2142:
2140:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1941:
1928:Sports injuries
1914:
1716:SAGE Publishing
1691:United Kingdom
1672:Region/country
1658:
1626:
1614:
1598:
1596:Physiotherapist
1586:
1573:
1530:
1524:
1515:
1513:Doping in sport
1509:
1500:
1494:
1481:
1475:
1470:
1461:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1431:
1387:Family Practice
1337:United Kingdom
531:3-year Diploma
433:
424:
419:
352:
316:
279:Sports medicine
265:
263:
228:
199:
187:
186:Occupation type
136:Musculoskeletal
130:
124:
120:Sports injuries
86:
79:
73:
72:
55:Musculoskeletal
45:
33:Sports medicine
28:
23:
22:
18:Sports Medicine
15:
12:
11:
5:
5506:
5504:
5496:
5495:
5490:
5480:
5479:
5473:
5472:
5470:
5469:
5459:
5449:
5439:
5429:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5411:
5406:
5405:
5404:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5343:
5341:
5340:Related topics
5337:
5336:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5331:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5289:Medical school
5285:
5283:
5275:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5265:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5243:Sleep medicine
5240:
5239:
5238:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5190:
5185:
5184:
5183:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5107:
5102:
5101:
5100:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5069:
5068:
5063:
5056:Anesthesiology
5053:
5048:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4995:
4994:
4993:
4988:
4986:Neuroradiology
4983:
4972:
4970:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4929:
4927:
4923:Obstetrics and
4919:
4918:
4916:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4838:
4836:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4807:
4805:Trauma surgery
4802:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4776:
4775:
4768:Otolaryngology
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4738:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4707:
4705:
4696:
4694:subspecialties
4684:
4683:
4678:
4676:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4653:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4630:
4620:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4562:
4560:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4552:
4547:
4545:National sport
4542:
4537:
4531:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4488:
4486:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4464:Sports mascots
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4382:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4361:
4355:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4263:
4258:
4252:
4250:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4225:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4166:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4128:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4017:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3960:
3902:
3874:
3859:
3845:
3810:(3): 248–255.
3790:
3771:(4): 471–476.
3751:
3722:(2): 199–214.
3702:
3675:(5): 387–393.
3655:
3611:
3551:
3491:
3473:
3444:
3419:
3412:
3392:
3369:
3318:
3301:
3278:
3266:www.cmsa.co.za
3253:
3234:
3205:
3179:
3154:
3125:(8): 490–412.
3105:
3080:
3054:
3027:
3009:
2988:
2970:
2958:
2946:
2919:
2900:
2871:(1): e000267.
2851:
2844:
2819:
2765:
2734:
2706:
2672:
2654:
2592:
2565:(14): 1085–7.
2511:
2478:
2452:
2415:(1): e001603.
2394:
2380:
2362:
2359:. 3 June 2024.
2344:
2315:(2): 271–292.
2295:
2269:
2242:
2213:(4): 196–202.
2193:
2150:
2119:
2094:
2065:(4): e001228.
2045:
2021:
1993:
1964:(1): e001152.
1943:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1900:United States
1898:
1895:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1879:United States
1877:
1874:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1858:United States
1856:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1817:United States
1815:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1754:United States
1752:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1712:United States
1710:
1707:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1625:
1622:
1613:
1610:
1597:
1594:
1585:
1582:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1526:Main article:
1523:
1520:
1511:Main article:
1508:
1507:Drugs in sport
1505:
1496:Main article:
1493:
1490:
1477:Main article:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1448:Main article:
1445:
1442:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
990:
988:
984:
983:
981:
978:
976:
970:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
953:
952:
950:
947:
945:
939:
938:
936:
933:
930:
927:
921:
920:
917:
915:
912:
906:
902:
901:
899:
896:
893:
890:
886:
885:
883:
881:
878:
875:
871:
870:
868:
866:
863:
860:
856:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
837:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
820:
819:
817:
815:
812:
809:
803:
802:
800:
798:
795:
792:
788:
787:
785:
783:
780:
777:
771:
770:
768:
766:
763:
760:
756:
755:
753:
750:
747:
744:
738:
737:
735:
733:
730:
728:
722:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
705:
704:
702:
699:
696:
693:
691:Czech Republic
687:
686:
684:
682:
679:
677:
671:
670:
668:
666:
663:
660:
654:
653:
651:
649:
646:
643:
639:
638:
636:
634:
631:
626:
622:
621:
619:
616:
613:
610:
604:
603:
601:
598:
595:
592:
588:
587:
585:
582:
579:
576:
570:
569:
567:
564:
561:
558:
552:
551:
549:
547:
544:
541:
535:
534:
532:
529:
526:
523:
517:
516:
511:
508:
505:
500:
496:
495:
493:
490:
487:
485:
479:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
432:
429:
423:
420:
418:
415:
414:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
351:
348:
347:
346:
343:
340:
337:
315:
312:
286:(or sport and
274:
273:
266:
261:
258:
257:
256:
255:
249:
243:
237:
229:
226:
223:
222:
213:
209:
208:
204:
203:
200:
197:
194:
193:
188:
185:
182:
181:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
133:
126:
125:
123:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
91:
89:
82:
81:
70:
67:
63:
62:
59:cardiovascular
51:
47:
46:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5505:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5485:
5483:
5468:
5460:
5458:
5454:
5450:
5448:
5440:
5438:
5430:
5428:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5410:
5407:
5403:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5372:Public health
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5352:Allied health
5350:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5338:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5286:
5284:
5282:
5276:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5161:Oral medicine
5159:
5157:
5156:Ophthalmology
5154:
5152:
5149:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5037:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5018:Cytopathology
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4996:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4969:
4965:
4959:
4958:Urogynecology
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4920:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4872:
4869:
4868:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4861:Endocrinology
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4837:
4835:
4829:
4823:
4820:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4674:
4669:
4667:
4662:
4660:
4655:
4654:
4651:
4639:
4631:
4629:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4607:
4606:
4603:
4597:
4596:South America
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4586:North America
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4528:
4524:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4469:Sportsmanship
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4412:Entertainment
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4352:
4351:Communication
4348:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4294:
4293:International
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4249:Organizations
4247:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4235:Rating system
4233:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4147:Periodization
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4066:
4059:
4054:
4052:
4047:
4045:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3906:
3903:
3891:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3870:
3863:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3801:
3794:
3791:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3706:
3703:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3666:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3628:(2): 141–59.
3627:
3623:
3615:
3612:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3555:
3552:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3495:
3492:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3405:
3404:
3396:
3393:
3380:
3373:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3322:
3319:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3282:
3279:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3235:
3222:
3215:
3209:
3206:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3109:
3106:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3076:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3055:
3050:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3031:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3013:
3010:
3005:
3001:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2901:
2896:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2855:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2753:
2749:
2748:Sports Health
2745:
2738:
2735:
2723:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2694:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2596:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2466:
2465:blogs.bmj.com
2462:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2398:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2348:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2299:
2296:
2292:(4): 263–267.
2291:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2270:
2265:
2261:
2258:(1): 96–102.
2257:
2253:
2246:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2151:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2120:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2010:
2006:
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1998:
1994:
1989:
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1967:
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1848:Sports Health
1846:
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1655:
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1647:
1643:
1639:
1638:Chiropractors
1635:
1631:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1570:
1566:
1565:José Mourinho
1562:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
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1535:
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1472:
1467:
1465:
1458:
1456:
1451:
1450:Sports injury
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1429:Public health
1428:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1410:
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1400:
1395:
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1322:
1319:
1318:
1315:
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1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1294:Subspecialty
1293:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
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1257:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1229:Subspecialty
1228:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1206:South Africa
1205:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1179:Subspecialty
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1147:
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1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
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1111:
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1097:
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1032:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1017:
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1011:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
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996:
994:
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989:
986:
985:
982:
979:
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972:
971:
967:
964:
961:
958:
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951:
948:
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944:
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934:
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922:
918:
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904:
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869:
867:
864:
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857:
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847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
821:
818:
816:
814:Subspecialty
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
801:
799:
797:Subspecialty
796:
793:
790:
789:
786:
784:
781:
778:
776:
773:
772:
769:
767:
764:
761:
758:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
727:
724:
723:
719:
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669:
667:
664:
661:
659:
656:
655:
652:
650:
647:
644:
641:
640:
637:
635:
633:Subspecialty
632:
630:
627:
624:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
575:
572:
571:
568:
565:
563:Subspecialty
562:
559:
557:
554:
553:
550:
548:
545:
542:
540:
537:
536:
533:
530:
528:Subspecialty
527:
524:
522:
519:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
504:
501:
498:
497:
494:
491:
488:
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467:
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460:
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455:
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438:
430:
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412:
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389:
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379:
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372:
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364:
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330:
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323:
313:
311:
309:
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297:
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284:
280:
271:
267:
259:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
232:
231:
230:
224:
221:
217:
214:
210:
205:
201:
195:
192:
189:
183:
177:
176:
175:
171:
166:
156:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
134:
127:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
100:Muscle strain
98:
96:
93:
92:
90:
83:
80:
77:
68:
64:
61:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
36:
30:
19:
5377:Rural health
5362:Nanomedicine
5247:
4913:Rheumatology
4844: /
4763:Hand surgery
4748:Neurosurgery
4608:
4407:Cheerleaders
4316:Broadcasting
4211:Sports drink
4179:Chriopractic
4168:
4137:Biomechanics
4104:Professional
4003:
3999:Tilli Tansey
3976:. Retrieved
3972:
3963:
3923:(2): 74–75.
3920:
3916:
3905:
3893:. Retrieved
3889:
3862:
3848:
3807:
3803:
3793:
3768:
3764:
3754:
3719:
3715:
3705:
3672:
3668:
3658:
3625:
3621:
3614:
3589:11250/171236
3572:(5): 250–8.
3569:
3565:
3554:
3509:
3505:
3494:
3485:
3476:
3464:. Retrieved
3459:
3435:. Retrieved
3431:
3422:
3402:
3395:
3383:. Retrieved
3372:
3335:
3331:
3321:
3304:
3295:
3292:Sport Health
3291:
3281:
3269:. Retrieved
3265:
3256:
3247:
3244:Sport Health
3243:
3237:
3225:. Retrieved
3220:
3208:
3196:. Retrieved
3191:
3182:
3170:. Retrieved
3166:
3157:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3092:
3083:
3074:
3071:Sport Health
3070:
3057:
3040:
3036:
3030:
3021:
3012:
3004:www.ui.ac.id
3003:
2982:
2973:
2961:
2949:
2937:. Retrieved
2931:
2922:
2914:www.issem.in
2913:
2903:
2868:
2864:
2854:
2834:
2789:
2785:
2756:. Retrieved
2751:
2747:
2737:
2725:. Retrieved
2721:
2709:
2697:. Retrieved
2692:
2688:
2675:
2666:
2657:
2645:. Retrieved
2609:
2605:
2595:
2562:
2558:
2505:
2501:
2469:. Retrieved
2464:
2455:
2412:
2408:
2397:
2383:
2375:www.efsma.eu
2374:
2365:
2356:
2347:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2289:
2285:
2272:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2210:
2206:
2196:
2166:(6): 594–6.
2163:
2159:
2153:
2141:. Retrieved
2139:(2): 342–348
2136:
2132:
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2097:
2062:
2058:
2048:
2039:
2012:. Retrieved
2008:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1666:Established
1627:
1615:
1599:
1587:
1574:
1561:Chelsea F.C.
1557:Eva Carneiro
1531:
1516:
1501:
1482:
1462:
1453:
1439:
1432:
1288:Switzerland
1019:New Zealand
914:Yes (1994)
458:
451:
434:
425:
396:Rheumatology
331:
327:
319:
317:
278:
277:
272:, university
212:Competencies
129:Significant
110:Tendinopathy
85:Significant
69:
53:
29:
5447:Wikiproject
5236:Venereology
5181:Neonatology
5078:Dermatology
4933:Gynaecology
4925:gynaecology
4908:Pulmonology
4726:Eye surgery
4688:Specialties
4512:Flying disc
4427:Memorabilia
4336:Sponsorship
3486:Better Help
3437:21 November
3298:(1): 28–29.
3250:(2): 42–45.
2612:(14): 887.
2371:"Main Goal"
1620:treatment.
1617:Podiatrists
1390:Orthopedics
1345:Yes (2006)
1223:South Korea
1212:Yes (2022)
1027:Yes (1998)
1009:Yes (2014)
1002:Netherlands
895:Yes (1958)
865:Yes (2017)
507:Yes (2009)
304:podiatrists
207:Description
74:especially
5482:Categories
5209:Psychiatry
5195:(PM&R)
5188:Phlebology
5176:Pediatrics
5003:Anatomical
4968:Diagnostic
4948:Obstetrics
4898:Nephrology
4883:Hematology
4878:Geriatrics
4871:Hepatology
4856:Cardiology
4846:Immunology
4550:Regulation
4540:Ministries
4535:Sports law
4517:Sportswear
4454:Philosophy
4364:Journalism
4276:Postseason
4194:Psychology
4189:Physicians
4152:Physiology
4094:Parasports
4079:Individual
3529:2263/61384
3227:17 January
3098:3 February
3018:"Training"
2939:19 October
2754:(4): 38–40
2508:(4): 8–12.
1939:References
1796:Australia
1675:Publisher
1642:Osteopaths
1612:Podiatrist
1393:Pediatrics
1182:(6 years)
1155:Singapore
851:3,5 years
499:Australia
406:Pediatrics
320:Sport and
264:employment
248:(M.B.B.S.)
168:Occupation
143:Specialist
105:Concussion
5397:Physician
5281:education
5139:Neurology
5134:Narcology
4998:Pathology
4976:Radiology
4851:Angiology
4815:Andrology
4571:Australia
4484:Equipment
4459:Rivalries
4444:Numbering
4437:Nicknames
4386:Promoters
4369:Magazines
4331:Marketing
4321:Economics
4240:Sociology
4201:Nutrition
4027:Q29581766
3955:253395665
3939:0306-3674
3840:243987808
3824:1536-3724
3697:247937768
2814:234475616
2626:0306-3674
2471:27 August
2429:2055-7647
2331:0823-2105
1841:Routledge
1695:BMJ Group
1537:Bloodgate
1256:Sri Lanka
956:Malaysia
943:Lithuania
841:Indonesia
483:Argentina
262:Fields of
191:Specialty
178:Physician
76:athletics
5427:Category
4903:Oncology
4834:medicine
4832:Internal
4680:Medicine
4628:Category
4527:Politics
4507:Exercise
4474:Violence
4374:Podcasts
4326:Industry
4303:Business
4218:Pedagogy
4169:Medicine
4142:Practice
4132:Exercise
4023:Wikidata
3978:24 March
3947:36344213
3832:34759177
3746:33289906
3689:35373697
3650:42974527
3642:20048521
3606:33863105
3598:23479479
3546:42329667
3538:28446457
3364:24198537
3338:: 11–4.
3192:oecd.org
3149:36791498
3141:29263024
3077:(3): 32.
3049:27544982
3037:Harefuah
2895:29071113
2806:33980547
2667:Statista
2642:36671460
2634:27190139
2579:19282304
2447:37020535
2438:10069566
2377:. EFSMA.
2339:22164597
2264:17369805
2188:27540215
2112:25 March
2089:34925878
1988:35136656
1912:See also
1800:Elsevier
1663:Journal
1656:Journals
1348:4 years
1266:3 years
1248:3 years
1190:Slovenia
1172:Slovakia
1148:3 years
1130:2 years
1072:Portugal
1030:4 years
1012:4 years
965:4 years
935:4 years
898:5 years
859:Ireland
791:Germany
752:5 years
701:5 years
618:4 years
608:Bulgaria
600:3 years
584:5 years
465:Country
361:Podiatry
202:Medicine
151:Glossary
87:diseases
5467:Outline
5437:Commons
5382:Therapy
5279:Medical
4842:Allergy
4810:Urology
4703:Surgery
4638:Outline
4591:Oceania
4422:History
4402:Betting
4395:Culture
4266:Leagues
4124:Science
4114:Amateur
3895:2 April
3785:8857571
3737:7846503
3488:. 2004.
3466:2 April
3385:9 March
3355:3781848
3271:14 June
3198:11 June
3172:2 March
3022:fsem.ie
2886:5640111
2647:10 June
2403:2023).
2357:uems.eu
2228:1859519
2180:3071150
2080:8628332
2042:. UEMS.
2014:2 April
1979:8788312
1775:Canada
1628:All of
1412:Uruguay
1321:Ukraine
1273:Sweden
1121:Russia
1108:Romania
1094:ASPETAR
987:Mexico
874:Israel
807:Hungary
775:Georgia
759:France
742:Finland
726:Estonia
709:Denmark
658:Croatia
625:Canada
591:Brazil
566:1 year
556:Belgium
539:Belarus
521:Austria
254:(MBChB)
5457:Portal
5324:MD–PhD
4581:Europe
4566:Africa
4502:Caving
4432:Naming
4311:Agents
4283:School
4271:Season
4184:Injury
4164:Doping
4025:
4015:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3838:
3830:
3822:
3783:
3744:
3734:
3695:
3687:
3648:
3640:
3604:
3596:
3544:
3536:
3410:
3362:
3352:
3194:. OECD
3147:
3139:
3047:
2893:
2883:
2842:
2812:
2804:
2758:2 July
2727:2 July
2640:
2632:
2624:
2585:
2577:
2445:
2435:
2427:
2337:
2329:
2262:
2237:795492
2235:
2225:
2186:
2178:
2143:2 July
2087:
2077:
1986:
1976:
1897:1.569
1876:1.945
1855:1.212
1835:1.397
1814:0.651
1793:1.724
1772:0.990
1751:1.703
1730:1.806
1709:3.021
1688:4.329
1304:Turkey
1239:Spain
1138:Serbia
1056:Poland
1039:Norway
925:Latvia
905:Japan
889:Italy
823:India
642:China
242:(D.O.)
236:(M.D.)
95:Trauma
71:Sports
50:System
5039:Other
4497:Balls
4379:Radio
4341:Trade
4288:Teams
4256:Clubs
4099:Women
4072:Types
4065:Sport
3951:S2CID
3836:S2CID
3693:S2CID
3646:S2CID
3602:S2CID
3542:S2CID
3313:(PDF)
3217:(PDF)
3145:S2CID
3067:(PDF)
2810:S2CID
2718:(PDF)
2699:6 May
2685:(PDF)
2638:S2CID
2587:63316
2583:S2CID
2555:(PDF)
2498:(PDF)
2282:(PDF)
2184:S2CID
2106:(PDF)
2036:(PDF)
1894:1987
1873:2000
1852:2009
1832:1988
1811:1973
1790:1984
1769:1990
1748:1969
1727:1992
1706:1972
1685:1964
1089:Qatar
974:Malta
314:Scope
173:Names
138:tests
131:tests
66:Focus
4576:Asia
4084:Team
4013:ISBN
3980:2022
3943:PMID
3935:ISSN
3897:2022
3828:PMID
3820:ISSN
3781:PMID
3742:PMID
3685:PMID
3638:PMID
3594:PMID
3534:PMID
3468:2022
3439:2019
3408:ISBN
3387:2020
3360:PMID
3273:2022
3229:2023
3200:2020
3174:2022
3137:PMID
3100:2022
3045:PMID
2941:2023
2891:PMID
2840:ISBN
2802:PMID
2760:2022
2729:2022
2701:2022
2649:2020
2630:PMID
2622:ISSN
2575:PMID
2473:2023
2443:PMID
2425:ISSN
2335:PMID
2327:ISSN
2260:PMID
2233:PMID
2176:PMID
2145:2022
2114:2022
2085:PMID
2016:2022
1984:PMID
1648:and
1563:and
1418:Yes
1328:Yes
1311:Yes
1263:Yes
1245:Yes
1197:Yes
1145:Yes
1127:Yes
1114:Yes
1098:Yes
1079:Yes
1062:Yes
992:Yes
980:Yes
962:Yes
949:Yes
932:Yes
880:Yes
848:Yes
782:Yes
765:Yes
749:Yes
732:Yes
698:Yes
681:Yes
675:Cuba
665:Yes
648:Yes
615:Yes
597:Yes
581:Yes
546:Yes
489:Yes
306:and
4773:ENT
4691:and
4417:Fan
3925:doi
3812:doi
3773:doi
3732:PMC
3724:doi
3677:doi
3630:doi
3584:hdl
3574:doi
3524:hdl
3514:doi
3350:PMC
3340:doi
3127:doi
3041:155
2881:PMC
2873:doi
2794:doi
2695:(5)
2614:doi
2567:doi
2433:PMC
2417:doi
2317:doi
2223:PMC
2215:doi
2168:doi
2075:PMC
2067:doi
1974:PMC
1966:doi
1278:No
1045:No
715:No
5484::
5112:/
4021:.
4011:.
3971:.
3949:.
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