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628:). Waves carry material along the peninsula to the tip, continually extending it; as this action stretches the peninsula it also narrows it to the extent that the sea can cut across it in severe weather. When the sea cuts across it permanently, everything beyond the breach is swept away, only to eventually reform as a new spit pointing further south. This cycle of destruction and reconstruction occurs approximately every 250 years. More recently, Dr. John Pethick of Hull University put forward a different theory to explain the formation of Spurn Head. He suggests that the spit head has been a permanent feature since the end of the
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1948:
1201:. Its white light had a range of 17 nautical miles (31 kilometres) and displayed a flash once every 20 seconds. In addition there were separate sector lights, two of which marked particular shoals or sandbanks, while another indicated the main channel along the Humber. Initially oil-lit, the lighthouse was converted to electricity in 1941 to enable the light to be lit briefly (as and when requested by allied ships and convoys) and then extinguished.
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640:. This protection halted the wash-over process and resulted in the spit being even more exposed due to the rest of the coast moving back 110 yards (100 metres) since the 'protection' was constructed. The now crumbling defences will not be replaced and the spit will continue to move westwards at a rate of 6 feet 7 inches (2 metres) per year, keeping pace with the coastal erosion further north.
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at Spurn Head was built in 1810. Owing to the remote location, houses for the lifeboat crew and their families were added a few years later. By the 1870s a room in the high lighthouse was being used as a chapel for the small residential community on Spurn Head, serving 'the keepers, coast-guardsmen
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In 1895 both this low light and
Smeaton's high light were decommissioned and replaced by a single lighthouse which still stands on the grass of Spurn Head. The 1852 low light also still stands on the sandy shore of the island, though its lantern has been replaced by a large water tank. (Of the old
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was commissioned to build a new pair of lighthouses. Smeaton's high light (a 90-foot tower) remained in use until 1895, but there were problems (as there had been in previous years) with maintaining the low light; within a short time it had been washed away by the sea. A series of more-or-less
1016:
An Act to explain and amend an Act, paired in the Sixth Year of the Reign of His present
Majesty, intituled, "An Act for taking down and removing certain Lighthouses now standing near the Spurn Point, at the Mouth of the Humber; and for erecting other fit and convenient Lighthouses instead
722:
alight at Spurn on their way between breeding and wintering grounds elsewhere. When the wind is in the right direction migrants are funnelled down Spurn Point and are counted at the
Narrows Watchpoint, more than 15,000 birds can fly past on a good morning in autumn with 3,000 quite normal.
580:
in July 2016 but revised plans were approved in
January 2017. These plans face local opposition because of the perceived feeling of commercialisation of the reserve by YWT, with plans to build extensive car park facilities, no longer free. The new visitor centre was officially opened by
1225:
was awarded a £470,500 grant to restore the lighthouse with a view to its being reopened as a visitor centre. This was scheduled to take place in 2015, with work starting in April 2015. The work was completed in March 2016, and opened to the public for the Easter weekend.
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Then, in 1957, the lighthouse was converted to acetylene gas operation. A new, smaller, gas-driven revolving optic was installed, which flashed once every fifteen seconds; and the subsidiary lights were provided with
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Due to improvements in navigation, the light was discontinued in 1985; the main optic was removed the following year. The combined acetylene lamp and gas-powered optic were subsequently put on display, first in the
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were added at either end of Spurn Head, with 4-and-4.7-inch (100 and 120 mm) quick-firing guns in between. The emplacements can be clearly seen, and the northern ones are particularly interesting as
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The island is over three miles (five kilometres) long, almost half the width of the estuary at that point, and as little as 50 yards (45 metres) wide in places. The southernmost tip is known as
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in
December 2013 the roadway became unsafe, and access to Spurn Point is on foot only, with a warning not to attempt this when exceptionally high tides are due. Spurn has now become a
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Plans to build a new visitor centre for the reserve were unveiled in
September 2014 by Yorkshire Wildlife Trust (YWT). Planning consent for the initial plans was refused by
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and accumulates to form the long, narrow embankment in the sheltered waters inside the mouth of the Humber
Estuary. It is maintained by plants, especially
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coast, Ravenspurn and
Ravenser Odd were lost to the encroachments of the sea, as Spurn Head, due to erosion and deposition of its sand, migrated westward.
499:'s landing on 14 March 1471, as he was returning from his six months' exile in the Netherlands. An earlier village, closer to the point of Spurn Head, was
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The earliest reference to a lighthouse on Spurn Point is 1427. From the 17th century there are records of a pair of lighthouses being maintained as
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with a semi-permanent connection to the mainland, but a storm in 2013 made the road down to the end of Spurn impassable to vehicles at high tide.
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Spurn Head covers 280 acres (113 hectares) above high water and 450 acres (181 hectares) of foreshore. It has been owned since 1960 by the
1123:. Unlike its predecessor this low light was built the estuary side (i.e. to the west) of the high light, rather than on the seaward side.
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The low light, meanwhile, had also been fitted with oil lamps and reflectors in 1816. Then, in 1848, a small
Fresnel lens (a fifth-order
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migrants, sometimes leading to a spectacular "fall" of thousands of birds. Many uncommon species have been sighted there, including a
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1933:"Lighthouse management : the report of the Royal Commissioners on Lights, Buoys, and Beacons, 1861, examined and refuted Vol. 1"
1919:"Lighthouse management : the report of the Royal Commissioners on Lights, Buoys, and Beacons, 1861, examined and refuted Vol. 2"
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1989:
Mercantile Marine Fund: Minutes of
Evidence Taken Before the Committee of Inquiry appointed by the President of the Board of Trade
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mechanisms, also gas-driven. The new systems were automated; the keepers therefore moved out and their cottages were demolished.
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birds and providing accommodation to visiting birdwatchers. Their migration is assisted by east winds in autumn, resulting in
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A February 2023 inspection of the RNLI launch jetty revealed structural issues, as a result the station was moved to
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The 1895 lighthouse is a round brick tower, 128 feet (39 metres) high, painted black and white. It was designed by
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Smeaton high light only the foundations remain; after dismantling, its optic was re-used in the high lighthouse at
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temporary replacements were used in the years that followed, until a more solid lighthouse designed by
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1142:) fixed optic by Henry Lepaute of Paris. (Prior to installation this lens had been exhibited at the
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has partly toppled them onto the beach, revealing the size of the concrete foundations very well.
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Initially both lighthouses were coal-fired. In 1819 Smeaton's high light was equipped with 24
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was added to the high light, which warned ships of hazards to the south ranging from
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1410:"Letting nature take its course: Why they're no longer defending Spurn Point"
1161:) had been installed, which was reused when the new tower was built in 1852.
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1825:"Humber lifeboat station leaves Spurn Point after 213 years of rescues"
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1706:. No. 1. Yorkshire Wildlife Trust. September 2014. pp. 1–4
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eroded from the Holderness coastline washed down the coastline from
526:
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1181:, where it was installed as part of a programme of improvements.)
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Former Low Light (1852) with the "new" (1895) lighthouse behind it
1165:
1101:
675:
599:
562:' were used as well as more conventional light railway equipment.
525:
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The old Low Light (1852) seen alongside the new (1895) lighthouse
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The landward-side mud flats are an important feeding ground for
2658:
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1382:. Geological Conservation Review. p. 2. Archived from
2213:
Spurn Point – National Nature Reserve and Lifeboat Station
1221:. Since 1986, the lighthouse remained empty, but in 2013,
1119:
was constructed in 1852 under the supervision of engineer
479:). In the Middle Ages, Spurn Head was home to the port of
420:
station and two disused lighthouses. It forms part of the
1106:
Spurn Low lighthouse, Spurn Point while still operational
63:
Spurn in May 2005, showing the lighthouse and sand-dunes.
1799:"Spurn wildlife visitor centre opens despite objections"
1726:"East Yorkshire wildlife visitor centre plan rejected"
706:
from the Southern Ocean. More commonly, birds such as
2227:
2190:. East Riding of Yorkshire Council. 2006. p. 10.
2037:. Wellington, Somerset: Halsgrove. pp. 122–128.
1243:
The pier and launching platform for the RNLI at Spurn
554:
As well as a road, the peninsula also used to have a
27:
Tidal island in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England
1672:"Visitor centre plan for Spurn Point Nature Reserve"
2571:
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2135:"Spurn Point lighthouse revamp work gets under way"
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657:in E flat "Spurn Point" celebrates this peninsula.
463:Spurn Head was known to classical authors, such as
443:and is part of the Humber Flats, Marshes and Coast
301:
285:
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261:
247:
235:
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2460:List of civil parishes in East Riding of Yorkshire
1949:Admiralty Chart: Entrance to the River Humber 1875
1752:"Spurn gets go-ahead for wildlife visitor centre"
2109:"Spurn Point lighthouse gets lottery renovation"
3249:Nature reserves in the East Riding of Yorkshire
2203:Yorkshire Wildlife Trust – Spurn Nature Reserve
1623:"Spurn, Yorkshire's 'Land's End' five years on"
1193:. The lantern contained a very large revolving
1778:"Spurn visitor centre plans sparks opposition"
1306:The 1957 optic in the National Maritime Museum
2670:
2289:
2188:Gazetteer – A–Z of Towns Villages and Hamlets
2000:
1998:
1559:. London: Lockwood & co. pp. 115–116
558:, parts of which can still be seen. Unusual '
394:and forms the north bank of the mouth of the
8:
2028:
2026:
1885:"Spurn Lighthouse (Grade II) (1083476)"
1134:); later, in 1853, it was fitted with a new
734:
660:It was featured on the television programme
632:, having developed on an underwater glacial
1860:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
608:The spit is made up from sand, shingle and
2677:
2663:
2655:
2343:Hull and East Yorkshire Combined Authority
2296:
2282:
2274:
981:
899:white and black bands tower, white lantern
891:cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern
854:
748:
733:
413:and was, until early 2023, the home to an
48:
2163:. Yorkshire Wildlife Trust. 30 March 2016
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1435:"Nostalgia on Tuesday: Point of interest"
487:landed in 1399 on his return to dethrone
483:(a.k.a. Ravenspur or Ravensburgh), where
1215:Trinity House National Lighthouse Museum
503:. Along with many other villages on the
386:located off the tip of the coast of the
2234:
2223:Tide times at Spurn Point from the UKHO
2161:"Spurn Lighthouse opens to the public!"
1490:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography
1363:
1233:
616:. Material is washed down the coast by
300:
256:
224:
200:
112:
55:
1969:. East Yorkshire Local History Society
523:and fishermen who live at the Point'.
459:Spurn Point Lighthouse in the distance
1670:Longhorn, Danny (29 September 2014).
1506:Historie of the Arrivall of Edward IV
1083:Text of statute as originally enacted
284:
272:
260:
246:
234:
214:
182:
164:
146:
7:
1408:Ratcliffe, Roger (29 October 2016).
666:as one of the wonders of Yorkshire.
3274:Easington, East Riding of Yorkshire
3234:Special Protection Areas in England
3229:National nature reserves in England
2035:Lighthouses of the North East Coast
1649:"Holderness, Countryfile – BBC One"
907:Spurn Point National Nature Reserve
1991:. London: HMSO. 1896. p. 281.
1963:A History of the Spurn lighthouses
1890:National Heritage List for England
25:
3254:Yorkshire Wildlife Trust reserves
1219:National Maritime Museum Cornwall
495:led the local resistance against
3203:
2305:
2261:
2249:
2237:
2010:United States Lighthouse Society
1852:"Lighthouses of Eastern England"
1477:
1323:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1275:
1260:
1248:
1236:
1094:: a high light and a low light.
997:
738:
646:Six Studies in English Folk Song
578:East Riding of Yorkshire Council
514:Settlement on Spurn Head in 2009
390:, England that reaches into the
80:
73:
57:
1601:"Spurn National Nature Reserve"
1553:Elliot, George H. (1875).
986:Spurn Point Lighthouse Act 1772
604:Spurn Head from the air in 1979
1:
3259:Bird observatories in England
2063:Visit Hull and East Yorkshire
1487:, ed. (1854–1857). "Ocelum".
1318:Humber Vessel traffic service
1282:Spurn Point from the mainland
1069:Statute Law Revision Act 1861
81:
2579:Parliamentary constituencies
1556:European Light-House Systems
1508:. Camden Soc. 1. p. 4.
1352:Spurn Point Military Railway
1004:Parliament of Great Britain
115:OS grid reference
46:Human settlement in England
3290:
3092:South Foreland Lighthouses
2762:Burnham-on-Sea Round Tower
2604:Grade II* listed buildings
1697:"The Spurn Visitor Centre"
1603:. Yorkshire Wildlife Trust
979:United Kingdom legislation
476:
36:
29:
3200:
2692:
2326:
2208:Spurn Head Heritage Coast
1528:"History of Ravenser Odd"
996:
991:
973:
921:
759:
747:
530:Lighthouse at Spurn Point
319:
297:
257:
68:
56:
2599:Grade I listed buildings
2357:East Riding of Yorkshire
2319:East Riding of Yorkshire
1856:The Lighthouse Directory
1223:Yorkshire Wildlife Trust
1199:Chance Brothers & Co
1185:The new Spurn Lighthouse
1144:Great Exhibition of 1851
957:17 nmi (31 km)
916:Grade II listed building
770:East Riding of Yorkshire
491:. It was also where Sir
433:Yorkshire Wildlife Trust
388:East Riding of Yorkshire
193:Yorkshire and the Humber
175:East Riding of Yorkshire
157:East Riding of Yorkshire
96:East Riding of Yorkshire
37:Not to be confused with
30:For other meanings, see
1098:Old High and Low Lights
883:128 ft (39 m)
542:9.2-inch (230 mm)
445:Special Protection Area
437:national nature reserve
311:Beverley and Holderness
2686:Lighthouses in England
2218:Spurn Bird Observatory
1493:. London: John Murray.
1269:Vessel traffic service
1171:
1107:
817:53.578996°N 0.118325°E
704:black-browed albatross
698:from North America, a
651:Ralph Vaughan Williams
605:
531:
515:
460:
362:53.575955°N 0.111454°E
237:Postcode district
167:Ceremonial county
149:Unitary authority
3239:Islands of the Humber
2338:Statutory City Region
2033:Jones, Robin (2014).
2006:"Hyper-radial Lenses"
1960:de Boer, G. (1984) .
1169:
1154:to Sand Haile Flats.
1105:
969:Oc RW (sector lights)
678:, and the area has a
663:Seven Natural Wonders
603:
529:
513:
458:
2548:Driffield Navigation
649:composed in 1926 by
485:Henry of Bolingbroke
435:and is a designated
217:Sovereign state
94:Location within the
3017:Portland Breakwater
3002:Plymouth Breakwater
2752:Burnham-on-Sea High
2373:(cities in italics)
2350:Unitary authorities
2115:. 18 September 2013
1921:. 1861. p. 69.
1195:hyper-radiant optic
1159:lenticular dioptric
822:53.578996; 0.118325
813: /
744:
702:from Siberia and a
700:lanceolated warbler
469:Ocelum Promontorium
367:53.575955; 0.111454
358: /
3210:England portal
2807:Fleetwood (Pharos)
2757:Burnham-on-Sea Low
2431:Kingston upon Hull
2362:Kingston upon Hull
1629:. 26 December 2018
1504:Bruce, J. (1838).
1441:. 20 November 2018
1439:The Yorkshire Post
1414:The Yorkshire Post
1172:
1108:
708:northern wheatears
643:The second of the
626:Ammophila arenaria
606:
585:on 20 March 2018.
532:
516:
461:
303:UK Parliament
249:Dialling code
3216:
3215:
2937:Lynmouth Foreland
2802:Fleetwood (Beach)
2652:
2651:
2371:Major settlements
2313:Ceremonial county
2044:978-0-85704-234-7
1758:. 26 January 2017
1088:
1087:
1058:Other legislation
992:Act of Parliament
977:
976:
682:, for monitoring
655:Andante sostenuto
540:coastal artillery
382:is a narrow sand
377:
376:
16:(Redirected from
3281:
3269:Spits of England
3208:
3207:
3206:
3007:Portishead Point
2827:Guile Point East
2797:Flamborough Head
2679:
2672:
2665:
2656:
2624:Lord Lieutenants
2330:Yorkshire Portal
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1881:Historic England
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1704:Spurn Newsletter
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1579:"Sails on Rails"
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1530:. Archived from
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1481:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1377:
1371:May, V. J.
1368:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1291:
1279:
1264:
1252:
1240:
1146:). Later, a red
1076:Status: Repealed
1001:
1000:
987:
982:
859:
858:
828:
827:
825:
824:
823:
818:
814:
811:
810:
809:
806:
789:
752:
745:
743:
742:
735:Spurn Point High
716:common redstarts
680:bird observatory
614:Flamborough Head
520:lifeboat station
493:Martin de la See
478:
373:
372:
370:
369:
368:
363:
359:
356:
355:
354:
351:
325:
211:
125:
124:
109:50 (approx)
84:
83:
77:
61:
49:
32:wiktionary:spurn
21:
18:Spurn Lighthouse
3289:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3264:Yorkshire coast
3219:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3204:
3202:
3196:
3157:Watchet Harbour
3107:Southsea Castle
3082:Smeaton's Tower
3047:Royal Sovereign
2688:
2683:
2653:
2648:
2634:Monastic houses
2567:
2558:Market Weighton
2531:
2465:
2454:
2437:Market Weighton
2372:
2366:
2345:
2333:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2304:
2302:
2272:
2262:
2260:
2250:
2248:
2236:
2228:
2199:
2194:
2186:
2182:
2180:Further reading
2177:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2141:. 10 April 2015
2133:
2132:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2045:
2032:
2031:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2004:
2003:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1943:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1850:Rowlett, Russ.
1849:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1806:
1805:. 20 March 2018
1797:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1735:
1733:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1676:Hull Daily Mail
1669:
1668:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1560:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1458:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1416:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1390:
1389:on 20 June 2017
1386:
1375:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1347:Spurn Lightship
1338:
1331:
1328:
1319:
1316:
1307:
1304:
1295:
1292:
1283:
1280:
1271:
1265:
1256:
1253:
1244:
1241:
1232:
1191:Thomas Matthews
1187:
1174:
1173:
1100:
1077:
1006:
998:
985:
980:
968:
853:
850:Thomas Matthews
821:
819:
815:
812:
807:
804:
802:
800:
799:
785:
772:
768:
755:
736:
732:
729:
688:drift migration
672:
618:longshore drift
598:
549:coastal erosion
536:First World War
453:
366:
364:
360:
357:
352:
349:
347:
345:
344:
343:
323:
315:
207:
197:
179:
161:
143:
120:
119:
101:
100:
99:
98:
92:
91:
90:
89:
85:
64:
47:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3287:
3285:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3221:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3182:Whitby Harbour
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3062:St Catherine's
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2962:North Foreland
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2842:Hartland Point
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2594:Country houses
2591:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2334:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2278:
2271:
2270:
2268:United Kingdom
2258:
2246:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2198:
2197:External links
2195:
2193:
2192:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2152:
2126:
2100:
2075:
2050:
2043:
2022:
1994:
1980:
1952:
1941:
1924:
1903:
1872:
1842:
1816:
1790:
1769:
1743:
1732:. 18 July 2016
1717:
1688:
1662:
1640:
1614:
1592:
1570:
1545:
1519:
1496:
1485:Smith, William
1470:
1452:
1426:
1400:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1217:, then in the
1186:
1183:
1164:
1163:
1099:
1096:
1092:leading lights
1086:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1002:
994:
993:
989:
988:
978:
975:
974:
971:
970:
967:Fl W 15 s
965:
963:Characteristic
959:
958:
955:
951:
950:
940:
936:
935:
932:
928:
927:
923:
922:
919:
918:
913:
909:
908:
905:
901:
900:
897:
893:
892:
889:
885:
884:
881:
877:
876:
873:
869:
868:
865:
861:
860:
847:
843:
842:
839:
835:
834:
830:
829:
797:
791:
790:
787:TA 40345 11239
783:
777:
776:
765:
761:
760:
757:
756:
753:
730:
728:
725:
671:
668:
597:
594:
452:
449:
441:heritage coast
396:Humber Estuary
375:
374:
342:
341:
336:
331:
326:
324:List of places
320:
317:
316:
314:
313:
307:
305:
299:
298:
295:
294:
289:
283:
282:
277:
271:
270:
265:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
245:
244:
239:
233:
232:
229:
223:
222:
221:United Kingdom
219:
213:
212:
205:
199:
198:
196:
195:
189:
187:
181:
180:
178:
177:
171:
169:
163:
162:
160:
159:
153:
151:
145:
144:
142:
141:
135:
133:
127:
126:
117:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
93:
87:
86:
79:
78:
72:
71:
70:
69:
66:
65:
62:
54:
53:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3286:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3211:
3199:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Sutton Bridge
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3122:Staple Island
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3102:South Shields
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3022:Portland High
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:Portland Bill
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2967:North Shields
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2862:Hilbre Island
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:High Sheriffs
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2543:Beverley Beck
2541:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2325:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2299:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2269:
2259:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2140:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2064:
2060:
2059:"Spurn Point"
2054:
2051:
2046:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1965:
1964:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1938:. p. 30.
1934:
1928:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1846:
1843:
1831:. 1 June 2023
1830:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1731:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1705:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1615:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1546:
1534:on 8 May 2009
1533:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1474:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1453:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1415:
1411:
1404:
1401:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1364:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1330:RNLI Platform
1326:
1321:
1314:
1309:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1270:
1263:
1258:
1251:
1246:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1104:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1053:6 August 1861
1052:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
995:
990:
983:
972:
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
924:
920:
917:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
851:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
826:
798:
796:
792:
788:
784:
782:
778:
775:
771:
766:
762:
758:
751:
746:
741:
726:
724:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:cliff swallow
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
669:
667:
665:
664:
658:
656:
652:
648:
647:
641:
639:
638:Victorian era
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
602:
595:
593:
591:
586:
584:
579:
574:
572:
568:
563:
561:
557:
552:
550:
545:
541:
537:
528:
524:
521:
512:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
474:
473:Ancient Greek
470:
466:
457:
450:
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41:in Hampshire.
40:
33:
19:
3142:Trevose Head
3087:Souter Point
3077:Seaton Carew
3052:St Anthony's
3042:Round Island
3027:Portland Low
2957:New Brighton
2897:Killingholme
2722:Bidston Hill
2458:
2455:
2429:
2328:
2187:
2165:. Retrieved
2155:
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1855:
1845:
1835:30 September
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1643:
1633:26 September
1631:. Retrieved
1626:
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1605:. Retrieved
1595:
1583:. Retrieved
1581:. Mike Munro
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1555:
1548:
1536:. Retrieved
1532:the original
1522:
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1499:
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1438:
1429:
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1413:
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1391:. Retrieved
1384:the original
1380:defra.gov.uk
1379:
1373:"Spurn Head"
1366:
1342:Humber Forts
1211:
1203:
1188:
1175:
1156:
1136:Fresnel lens
1128:Argand lamps
1125:
1121:Henry Norris
1117:James Walker
1112:John Smeaton
1109:
1089:
1041:Royal assent
948:catadioptric
944:hyper-radial
864:Construction
692:Scandinavian
676:wading birds
673:
661:
659:
654:
644:
642:
630:last ice age
625:
622:marram grass
610:boulder clay
607:
587:
575:
571:tidal island
565:Following a
564:
553:
533:
517:
501:Ravenser Odd
477:Ὀκέλον ἄκρον
468:
462:
430:
422:civil parish
410:
406:
404:
384:tidal island
379:
378:
131:Civil parish
43:
3127:Start Point
3072:Scarborough
2997:Plover Scar
2932:Lundy South
2927:Lundy North
2892:Inner Farne
2882:Hurst Point
2837:Happisburgh
2727:Bishop Rock
2707:Beachy Head
2697:Anvil Point
2563:Pocklington
2522:Trent Falls
2502:Hedon Haven
2497:Gypsey Race
2442:Pocklington
2385:Bridlington
1140:first-order
1138:: a large (
1064:Repealed by
1045:21 May 1772
931:Deactivated
867:brick tower
846:Designed by
838:Constructed
820: /
795:Coordinates
767:Spurn Point
754:Spurn Point
727:Lighthouses
720:flycatchers
567:tidal surge
560:sail bogies
534:During the
411:Spurn Point
398:. It was a
365: /
3223:Categories
3167:Withernsea
3117:Spurn Head
3097:South Gare
3037:Roker Pier
2972:Orfordness
2887:Ilfracombe
2877:Hunstanton
2857:Heugh Hill
2777:Crow Point
2747:Bull Point
2732:Black Nore
2717:Berry Head
2712:Belle Tout
2482:Arram Beck
2452:Withernsea
2395:Cottingham
1762:29 January
1736:29 January
1710:23 January
1681:23 January
1607:23 January
1358:References
1179:Nash Point
1132:reflectors
1012:Long title
805:53°34′44″N
731:Lighthouse
583:Simon King
505:Holderness
489:Richard II
481:Ravenspurn
407:Spurn Head
350:53°34′33″N
280:Humberside
268:Humberside
106:Population
3187:Wolf Rock
3172:Winterton
3147:Tynemouth
3112:Southwold
3067:St Mary's
2977:Pakefield
2947:Nab Tower
2922:Lowestoft
2917:Longstone
2912:Longships
2867:Hodbarrow
2852:The Heugh
2832:Hale Head
2817:Gorleston
2787:Eddystone
2782:Dungeness
2742:Bow Creek
2639:Windmills
2527:West Beck
2477:Aike Beck
2456:See also:
2400:Driffield
2244:Yorkshire
1809:6 October
1538:15 August
1465:Geography
1207:occulting
1152:Clee Ness
1110:In 1767,
1028:12 Geo. 3
1017:thereof."
946:rotating
872:Automated
808:0°07′06″E
712:whinchats
684:migrating
596:Geography
544:batteries
497:Edward IV
426:Easington
392:North Sea
353:0°06′41″E
339:Yorkshire
292:Yorkshire
287:Ambulance
227:Post town
139:Easington
3162:Whitgift
3137:Tater Du
3032:Rampside
2992:Peninnis
2942:Maryport
2822:Gunfleet
2702:Bamburgh
2492:Foulness
2380:Beverley
2167:20 March
2145:9 August
2139:BBC News
2113:BBC News
2093:20 March
2068:11 March
2015:11 March
1829:BBC News
1803:BBC News
1756:BBC News
1730:BBC News
1627:BBC News
1563:10 March
1468:, 2.3.6.
1336:See also
1255:Sea mist
1050:Repealed
1023:Citation
942:6-panel
912:Heritage
904:Operator
896:Markings
764:Location
418:lifeboat
122:TA399108
39:Spithead
3057:St Bees
2987:Pendeen
2952:Needles
2902:Leasowe
2872:Hoylake
2847:Harwich
2812:Godrevy
2619:Museums
2614:Schools
2609:History
2487:Derwent
2420:Hornsea
2256:England
2230:Portals
2119:23 June
2084:"Photo"
1973:23 June
1783:23 July
1655:23 July
1460:Ptolemy
1419:24 June
1393:24 June
1267:Humber
1230:Gallery
1030:. c. 29
781:OS grid
774:England
670:Ecology
634:moraine
590:Grimsby
556:railway
465:Ptolemy
451:History
334:England
209:England
203:Country
3244:Humber
3177:Whitby
3152:Walney
2907:Lizard
2772:Cromer
2767:Coquet
2644:Rivers
2584:Places
2572:Topics
2536:Canals
2512:Humber
2470:Rivers
2447:Snaith
2425:Howden
2415:Hessle
2390:Brough
2041:
1896:21 May
1585:8 July
1514:602067
1512:
1482:
1445:23 May
1148:sector
880:Height
852:
653:, the
263:Police
185:Region
2982:Paull
2792:Farne
2737:Blyth
2589:SSSIs
2553:Leven
2410:Hedon
2405:Goole
2088:Alamy
1967:(PDF)
1936:(PDF)
1865:6 May
1700:(PDF)
1651:. BBC
1387:(PDF)
1376:(PDF)
1035:Dates
954:Range
926:Light
888:Shape
833:Tower
737:
380:Spurn
253:01964
88:Spurn
52:Spurn
3192:Wyre
2517:Ouse
2507:Hull
2169:2018
2147:2016
2121:2014
2095:2019
2070:2019
2039:ISBN
2017:2019
1975:2014
1898:2021
1867:2016
1837:2023
1811:2019
1785:2017
1764:2017
1738:2017
1712:2015
1683:2015
1657:2017
1635:2019
1609:2015
1587:2009
1565:2019
1540:2011
1510:OCLC
1447:2020
1421:2017
1395:2017
1130:and
939:Lens
934:1985
875:1957
841:1895
718:and
538:two
518:The
415:RNLI
400:spit
275:Fire
242:HU12
231:HULL
2316:of
1197:by
690:of
467:as
424:of
409:or
3225::
2137:.
2111:.
2086:.
2061:.
2025:^
2008:.
1997:^
1906:^
1887:.
1883:.
1858:.
1854:.
1827:.
1801:.
1754:.
1728:.
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1674:.
1625:.
1462:,
1437:.
1412:.
1378:.
714:,
710:,
592:.
475::
447:.
439:,
428:.
329:UK
2678:e
2671:t
2664:v
2297:e
2290:t
2283:v
2232::
2171:.
2149:.
2123:.
2097:.
2072:.
2047:.
2019:.
1977:.
1900:.
1869:.
1839:.
1813:.
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1740:.
1714:.
1685:.
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1397:.
624:(
471:(
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20:)
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