294:. The land transfers are intended to provide the T'Sou-ke Nation with forestry and light industrial development opportunities that support employment and new sources of revenue. The lands will be held in fee simple by the T'Sou-ke Nation, under a First Nation-designated company, and will be subject to the same federal and provincial laws and municipal bylaws and regulations as with any other privately held property.
29:
368:
In 2009, the community built "a 400-panel solar photovoltaic system that generates 50 per cent more electricity than the next largest in the province." Power bills at the three administrative offices dropped by 100 per cent. In 2009 and 2010, hot-water solar panels were installed on the roofs of 42
696:
359:
Chief Gordon Planes states: "First
Nations have lived for thousands of years on this continent without fossil fuels. It is appropriate that First Nations lead the way out of dependency and addiction to fossil fuels and to rely on the power of the elements, the sun, the wind and the sea once again."
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In 2008, "guided by the ancestral custom of looking ahead seven generations, the community prepared a vision with four goals: self-sufficiency in energy and food, economic independence – or as Chief Planes has said, 'No more living off the dole' – and a return to traditional ways and values." Chief
330:
The T'Sou-ke First Nation is working with
Victoria-based MarineLabs, to collect real-time data about the ocean and areas such as the Sooke Basin. They are deploying smart buoys with sensors to record data about wind speed, wave size, marine traffic, water temperature and water salinity. This will
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at a treaty negotiation table. ITAs are intended to build trust among the parties, create incentives to reach further milestones and provide increased certainty over land and resources. The province reports that "negotiations are making steady progress and have successfully resolved a number of
419:
In 2014, 15,000 wasabi seedlings had been planted in three greenhouses, which would be harvested in 15 months' time. Profits from the wasabi farm are planned to help expand an existing organic community garden and a 70-hectare oyster farm pilot project in the
222:. It was SENĆOŦEN, the language that we share with our neighbours at Scia'new and others around Victoria and Saanich." No one is currently fluent in the language, but language initiatives are encouraged using current technology, including online tools such as
180:
version of the SENĆOŦEN word was first Soke (pronounced "soak") and then Sooke. The name of T'Sou-ke Nation's neighbouring town, river and basin and the main road, are based on the anglicized name, Sooke.
273:
On 26 February 2013 T'Sou-ke Nation and the
Province of British Columbia signed an Incremental Treaty Agreement (ITA). An ITA is a legally-binding pre-treaty agreement negotiated between the Province of
258:
and recognized the federal government’s authority to make laws for
Aboriginal people and their lands." Accordingly, the existing reserves were allotted by the Joint Reserve Commission in 1877.
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In 2008, the
Ladybug Garden and Greenhouse was started to harvest fresh produce and herbs for the community, as well as a means to preserve native plants and knowledge about how to find them.
451:
1778:
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joined Canada in 1871, the
Province did not recognize Aboriginal title and no further treaties were made. However, "the Province did accept the rights of Aboriginal people as written in the
697:"Legislative Summary of Bill S-6: An Act respecting the election and term of office of chiefs and councillors of certain First Nations and the composition of council of those First Nations"
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Energy-saving measures were also taken in the homes of community members, such as extra roof insulation, new appliances to replace obsolete ones, and energy-saving light bulbs.
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The Te'mexw Treaty
Association reports that the ITA is a multi-year agreement that includes the transfer of two side-by-side 60-hectare parcels of Crown land located at
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168:
The name "T'Sou-ke" is derived from the Sook tribe of
Straits Salishans. Their name was derived from the SENĆOŦEN language word T'Sou-ke, the name of the species of
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election system. In
February 2014, Chief Gordon Planes was re-elected for his fourth term since 2008. Councillors are Rose Dumont and Bonnie Arden.
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and the Inter Tribal Health
Authority. Medical professionals visit the community regularly. Special clinics are held regularly for matters such as
1914:
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In 2013, the T'Sou-ke Nation was the third Canadian community to be awarded official Solar City Designation by the Canadian Solar Cities Project.
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424:. The main market for wasabi is in its medicinal qualities, which is consistent with First Nations traditions of using plants to heal.
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difficult issues that include governance, land, resources and fiscal matters." The negotiations are at stage 4, Agreement-in-Principle.
2087:
218:. Gordon Planes, chief of the T'Sou-ke Nation from 2007 to 2024 states, "At one time all our people spoke the language and it was not
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By 2013, the T'Sou-ke community was developing community greenhouses to grow peppers, tomatoes, and eventually a cash crop of
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and flu shots; and workshops on health and wellness are also held on issues such as nutrition, baby programs, and diabetes.
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Planes stated: “We used to live sustainably, and only took what we needed from the land. We need to get back to that."
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of the 86 buildings on the reserve. The energy savings are such that the T'Sou-ke Nation is able to sell its surplus to
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The T'Sou-ke Nation Health Centre, part of the Sooke Integrated Health Network, operates in cooperation with the
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and Nitinahts launched about 1848. The people were exposed to Europeans relatively early by association with the
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793:, T'Souke Nation, accessed August 25, 2014; quotation of Chief Gordon Planes is at bottom right of page.
2016:
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In 2014, the T'Sou-ke started a project that will harness wave power from the ocean to create energy.
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fish that live in the estuary of the river. The T'Sou-ke came into contact with Europeans through the
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738:"First Nation, tech company collaborate to prepare for climate change's effects on harvesting waters"
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The T'Sou-ke Nation has become a leader in green initiatives, including mentoring other communities.
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The T'Sou-ke Nation is governed by the chief and two councillors elected every two years under the
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1971:
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along with four other Coast Salish First Nations. They entered the B.C. treaty process in 1995.
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1991:
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The T'Sou-ke Nation is represented, along with four other Coast Salish First Nations, by the
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The Sooke tribe of Straits Salishans were nearly annihilated in a combined attack of the
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A review of the Indian Act framework for band governance is discussed in this document:
416:(Japanese horseradish) for export. The ultimate result hoped for is a "zero-mile diet".
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2011:
1958:
1883:
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1221:
1201:
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Tribal Names of the Americas: Spelling Variants and Alternative Forms, Cross-Referenced
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133:
724:"Old Ways, New Path: How the T’Sou-ke Nation is powering its cultural revitalization."
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2001:
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in the summer, and buy it back in the winter when needed, resulting in zero bills.
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Plans are underway to "develop, build and operate $ 750-million in large-scale
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132:. In February 2013, the T'sou-ke Nation had 251 registered members, with two
1502:
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148:, with a total area of 67 hectares (165 acres). The T'Souk-e people are the
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335:, storms, pollution, and shipping, and to manage use of the area.
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At the regional level, the T'Sou-ke Nation is represented by the
827:"T’Sou-ke First Nation turns to wasabi in renewable energy push"
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T’Sou-ke elects Larry Underwood as new chief - Sooke News Mirror
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873:, First Peoples' Heritage Language & Culture Council, 2013
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enable them to better monitor the impacts of factors such as
806:"Island First Nation grasps potential of alternative power"
1779:
Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon
781:, Inter Tribal Health Authority, accessed August 25, 2014.
594:, T'Souke Nation, accessed August 25, 2014. Archived from
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
905:"SENĆOŦEN - First Peoples' Language Map British Columbia"
839:"T’Sou-ke Nation Awarded Official Solar City Designation"
667:, Province of British Columbia, accessed August 25, 2014.
652:, Province of British Columbia, accessed August 25, 2014.
625:, Province of British Columbia, accessed August 25, 2014.
841:, The Canadian Solar Cities Project, September 25, 2013.
587:
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Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada
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808:, Sarah Petrescu, Times Colonist, January 5, 2014.
726:, Hans Tammegami, Alternatives Journal, Nov. 2013.
635:"T'Souke Indian Band Incremental Treaty Agreement"
645:
643:
290:within the nation's traditional territory in the
829:, Cara McKenna, Globe and Mail, August 24, 2014.
1056:
950:
8:
506:"Te'Mexw Treaty Association: T'Souke Nation"
19:
16:First Nations government in British Columbia
769:, T'Souke Nation, accessed August 25, 2014.
686:, T'Souke Nation, accessed August 25, 2014.
518:Clark, Patricia Roberts (21 October 2009).
210:The language of the T'Sou-ke Nation is the
1063:
1049:
1041:
957:
943:
935:
822:
820:
818:
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610:, First Voices, accessed August 25, 2014.
522:. McFarland. pp. 11, 235–236, 268.
455:. Government of Canada. 14 November 2008
1915:Union of British Columbia Indian Chiefs
1905:South Puget Intertribal Planning Agency
554:
435:
184:Alternate anglicizations have included
699:, Parliament of Canada, June 30, 2012.
542:
120:whose reserve community is located on
18:
1900:Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission
853:, Salish Sea Sentinel, June 30, 2014.
441:
439:
34:
7:
1910:Washington Indian Gaming Association
736:Dickson, Courtney (August 7, 2022).
592:"Governance: Message from the Chief"
1789:Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis
246:. The nation is a signatory to the
14:
1879:Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
479:"T'Souke Nation official website"
345:Vancouver Island Health Authority
216:Northern Straits Salish language
27:
851:"Wasabi makes T'Sou-ke greener"
684:"Governance: Chief and Council"
650:"Incremental Treaty Agreements"
396:projects on Vancouver Island."
317:Social and economic development
1893:Organizations and institutions
1869:Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians
767:"T'Souke Nation health centre"
1:
1784:Confederated Tribes of Siletz
101:https://www.tsoukenation.com/
1614:Sto꞉lo Nation Chiefs Council
1549:Kwaw-kwaw-Apilt First Nation
1814:Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe
1739:Tsleil-Waututh First Nation
1644:Tsleil-waututh First Nation
966:Naut'sa mawt Tribal Council
608:"SENĆOŦEN Community Portal"
508:, accessed August 25, 2014.
481:, accessed August 25, 2014.
311:Naut'sa mawt Tribal Council
292:Juan de Fuca Electoral Area
89:Naut'sa mawt Tribal Council
2104:
1844:Sauk-Suiattle Indian Tribe
1729:Yakweakwioose First Nation
1634:Yakweakwioose First Nation
1589:Shxw'ow'hamel First Nation
567:Chief Gordon Planes - WIPG
380:Energy efficiency in homes
268:Te'mexw Treaty Association
203:
2088:Southern Vancouver Island
1809:Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe
1804:Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe
99:
87:
26:
2083:Coast Salish governments
1829:Muckleshoot Indian Tribe
1966:Sliammon/Mainland Comox
1859:Snoqualmie Indian Tribe
1719:Tsawwassen First Nation
1714:Snuneymuxw First Nation
1659:Kwikwetlem First Nation
1594:Skawahlook First Nation
930:T'sou-ke Nation website
447:"First Nation Profiles"
355:Energy self-sufficiency
154:Sooke, British Columbia
144:at the southern end of
1854:Skokomish Indian Tribe
1839:Quinault Indian Nation
1834:Nisqually Indian Tribe
1764:Esquimalt First Nation
1749:Union Bar First Nation
1669:Chemainus First Nation
1664:Semiahmoo First Nation
1629:Tzeachten First Nation
1604:Soowahlie First Nation
1569:Sq'Ă©wlets First Nation
1554:Leq'á:mel First Nation
1529:Chawathil First Nation
142:Strait of Juan de Fuca
1684:Klahoose First Nation
1619:Stó꞉lō Tribal Council
1599:Skowkale First Nation
1539:Kwantlen First Nation
623:"History of treaties"
256:Canadian Constitution
124:, in the province of
1864:Squaxin Island Tribe
1849:Samish Indian Nation
1794:Cowlitz Indian Tribe
1769:Tsawout First Nation
1734:Tseycum First Nation
1694:Nanoose First Nation
1689:Malahat First Nation
1679:Homalco First Nation
1649:Musqueam Indian Band
1609:Squiala First Nation
1559:Matsqui First Nation
339:Health care services
244:Hudson's Bay Company
174:Hudson's Bay Company
156:and its surrounding
114:Coast Salish peoples
1924:Culture and society
1699:Peters First Nation
1674:Halalt First Nation
1654:Katzie First Nation
1574:Seabird Island Band
1544:Katzie First Nation
262:Treaty negotiations
23:
1624:Sumas First Nation
1584:Skway First Nation
1579:Skwah First Nation
1534:Cheam First Nation
598:on April 30, 2024.
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2069:
1724:Yale First Nation
1038:
1037:
867:"T'Sou-ke Nation"
860:Further Citations
529:978-0-7864-5169-2
158:harbour and basin
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46:Population (2022)
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1639:Sts'ailes Nation
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665:"T'Souke Nation"
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252:British Columbia
248:Douglas Treaties
212:T'Sou-ke dialect
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126:British Columbia
122:Vancouver Island
75:Total population
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1799:Suquamish Tribe
1774:Cowichan Tribes
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1744:Squamish Nation
1709:shĂshálh Nation
1704:Tla'amin Nation
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152:of the town of
118:band government
110:T'sou-ke Nation
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20:T'Sou-ke Nation
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1963:Island Comox â€
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2:
2100:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
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2046:
2043:Northern and
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2032:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
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1997:North Straits
1995:
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1990:
1988:
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1980:
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1965:
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1754:Nuxalk Nation
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1452:Stillaquamish
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1422:Sauk-Suiattle
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1307:Shxw'ow'hamel
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582:
579:
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473:
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467:
454:
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448:
442:
440:
436:
430:
428:
425:
423:
417:
415:
408:Food security
407:
405:
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387:
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379:
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361:
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334:
328:
321:
316:
314:
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307:
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297:
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280:First Nations
277:
271:
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261:
259:
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253:
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245:
241:
237:
229:
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221:
217:
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102:
98:
93:
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86:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
59:On other land
57:
53:
49:
44:
41:
38:
30:
25:
1819:Lummi Nation
1758:
1397:Upper Skagit
1392:Lower Skagit
1346:
1072:Coast Salish
1029:
913:, retrieved
908:
894:, retrieved
889:
875:, retrieved
870:
846:
834:
791:"Governance"
786:
774:
745:. Retrieved
741:
731:
691:
630:
603:
596:the original
573:
562:
555:FPHLCC 2013b
550:
538:
519:
513:
457:. Retrieved
450:
426:
418:
411:
403:
391:
383:
375:
367:
358:
342:
329:
325:
308:
301:
285:
272:
265:
233:
224:First Voices
209:
193:
189:
185:
183:
167:
109:
107:
22:Band No. 657
2039:Lushootseed
1824:Makah Tribe
1564:Popkum Band
1517:Governments
1494:(Tillamook)
1407:Muckleshoot
1000:Snaw-naw-as
543:FPHLCC 2013
459:16 February
422:Sooke Basin
364:Solar power
170:Stickleback
138:Sooke Basin
136:around the
67:Off reserve
2077:Categories
1977:Halkomelem
1477:Sahewamish
1432:Snoqualmie
1312:Skawahlook
1237:Tsawwassen
1232:Snuneymuxw
1152:Humptulips
1102:Stz'uminus
1020:Tsawwassen
1010:Stz'uminus
1005:Snuneymuxw
915:8 December
896:8 December
886:"SENĆOŦEN"
877:8 December
779:"About us"
431:References
400:Wave power
394:wind power
388:Wind power
349:mammograms
304:Indian Act
298:Governance
288:Broom Hill
178:anglicized
51:On reserve
2017:Semiahmoo
1972:Pentlatch
1951:Languages
1936:Mythology
1503:Quamichan
1482:Wynoochee
1462:Swinomish
1457:Suquamish
1442:Nisqually
1437:Skykomish
1427:Snohomish
1412:Sammamish
1402:Skokomish
1367:Penelakut
1362:Quamichan
1337:Tzeachten
1322:Soowahlie
1302:Shilshole
1277:Leq'á:mel
1272:Sts'ailes
1267:Sq'Ă©wlets
1257:Semiahmoo
1167:Kilpahlas
1162:Khenipsen
1132:Esquimalt
1096:Sts'ailes
1086:Chawathil
236:Cowichans
164:Etymology
2062:Quinault
2045:Southern
2027:T'sou-ke
2022:Songhees
1992:Nooksack
1987:Squamish
1982:shĂshálh
1472:Quinault
1447:Puyallup
1387:Nooksack
1372:Lamalcha
1352:Tsartlip
1347:T'souk-e
1317:Skowkale
1252:Squamish
1247:shĂshálh
1227:Sliammon
1207:Musqueam
1192:Kwantlen
1182:Koksilah
1172:Klahoose
1127:Duwamish
1112:Comiaken
1030:T'Sou-ke
1015:Tla'amin
990:Klahoose
747:8 August
742:CBC News
371:BC Hydro
240:Clallums
200:Language
150:namesake
134:reserves
36:Province
2057:Cowlitz
2034:Klallam
2007:Saanich
1492:Nehalem
1467:Tulalip
1377:Saanich
1327:Squiala
1222:Malahat
1212:Nanoose
1202:Matsqui
1177:Klallam
1147:Homalco
1122:Cowlitz
1117:Copalis
1079:Peoples
995:Malahat
985:Homalco
250:. When
230:History
220:English
214:of the
140:on the
116:, is a
112:of the
95:Website
2012:Samish
1508:Somena
1498:Siletz
1487:Satsop
1417:Samish
1357:Somena
1332:Stó꞉lō
1282:Popkum
1217:Nuxalk
1157:Katzie
1137:Halalt
980:Halalt
911:, 2013
909:FPHLCC
892:, 2013
890:FPHLCC
871:FPHLCC
526:
414:wasabi
192:, and
190:Tsohke
176:. The
130:Canada
2052:Twana
2002:Lummi
1959:Comox
1931:Music
1382:Lummi
1297:Skway
1292:Skwah
1262:Sumas
1091:Cheam
1098:(WA)
917:2013
898:2013
879:2013
749:2022
524:ISBN
461:2022
278:and
194:Sock
108:The
1941:Art
1142:Hoh
186:Sok
78:313
70:185
54:126
2079::
907:,
888:,
869:,
813:^
798:^
757:^
740:.
704:^
672:^
657:^
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486:^
469:^
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238:,
226:.
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188:,
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128:,
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557:.
545:.
532:.
463:.
62:2
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